EP0225193B1 - Zerstäubungsdüse - Google Patents

Zerstäubungsdüse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0225193B1
EP0225193B1 EP19860309365 EP86309365A EP0225193B1 EP 0225193 B1 EP0225193 B1 EP 0225193B1 EP 19860309365 EP19860309365 EP 19860309365 EP 86309365 A EP86309365 A EP 86309365A EP 0225193 B1 EP0225193 B1 EP 0225193B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
nozzle
outlet
chamber
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19860309365
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0225193A2 (de
EP0225193A3 (en
Inventor
Robert Norman Borwick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0225193A2 publication Critical patent/EP0225193A2/de
Publication of EP0225193A3 publication Critical patent/EP0225193A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0225193B1 publication Critical patent/EP0225193B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0416—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid
    • B05B7/0441—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber
    • B05B7/0475—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing one gas and one liquid with one inner conduit of liquid surrounded by an external conduit of gas upstream the mixing chamber with means for deflecting the peripheral gas flow towards the central liquid flow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to spraying nozzles.
  • Such nozzles may be used with advantage in agriculture, amenity and forestry for spraying crops with fungicides, pesticides, herbicides, and the like, see e.g. GB-A-2157591.
  • a spraying nozzle comprising: a chamber containing an impingement surface, a liquid inlet for directing a liquid jet towards the impingement surface, an outlet, and inlet means for producing an air flow from the region of the liquid inlet generally towards the outlet; and a deflecting surface disposed downstream of the outlet and arranged to deflect atomised liquid out of the nozzle, characterised in that the impingement surface is disposed in the chamber between the liquid inlet and the outlet, the liquid inlet directs the liquid jet against the impingement surface so as to atomise the liquid, and the inlet means is arranged to direct air around the liquid jet towards the outlet so as to carry atomised liquid through the outlet.
  • the liquid inlet and the outlet are substantially coaxial.
  • the air inlet means comprises a plurality of orifices disposed around the liquid inlet.
  • the chamber tapers inwardly towards the outlet.
  • the chamber surface may be a surface of rotation, such as a frusto-conical surface.
  • the air inlet means may be arranged to direct air along or adjacent the chamber surface.
  • the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the liquid inlet and the outlet is preferably between 1:4 and 1:5. A ratio of approximately 1:4.35 has proved advantageous.
  • the liquid inlet and the outlet may have circular cross-sections.
  • the deflecting surface may be inclined at an angle of between 65 and 85 degrees to the direction of liquid leaving the outlet. An angle in the region of 75 degrees is preferred and 75 degrees has proved advantageous in use.
  • the impingement surface is a polygonal (e.g. triangular) plate fixed at its apices to the chamber.
  • the plate may be a symmetrically disposed equilaterally triangular plate.
  • the air inlet means may comprise three orifices arranged to direct air jets at the respective gaps between the edges of the triangular plate and the chamber surface.
  • the impingement surface may be convex towards the liquid inlet.
  • An agricultural spraying device may be provided by mounting a plurality of nozzles on a support and providing means for supplying liquid and air to the nozzles under pressure.
  • the nozzles may be arranged in a line on the support with a spacing of about 50 centimetres between adjacent nozzles.
  • the support may be arranged to carry the nozzles at a height of approximately 18 to 21 inches (approximately 45 to 52.5 centimetres) above a crop to be sprayed.
  • the nozzle shown in Figure 1 comprises a liquid inlet connector 1 which is connected to a diaphragm check valve assembly 2.
  • the check valve assembly 2 is connected by screw threading 3 to a first member 4.
  • a nipple 5 is screw threaded to the first member 4 and is shown connected to an air line or pipe 6.
  • the first member 4 has an axial bore 7 which communicates with a liquid outlet of the assembly 2.
  • the first member 4 further has an annular chamber 8 which communicates via a radial bore and a centre bore in the nipple 5 with the air line 6.
  • the first member 4 is connected to a second member 9 by screw threading 10.
  • the second member 9 has an axial bore 11 which smoothly continues the bore 7 and ends in a liquid metering orifice 12.
  • a distribution plate 13 is disposed between the first and second members 4 and 9 and includes eight air distribution holes illustrated at 14 in Figure 2.
  • the second member 9 has an annular chamber 15 which communicates with three through-bores 16.
  • the bores 16 are inclined by an acute angle with respect to the bore 11 and surround equiangularly the bore 11.
  • the nozzle comprises a third member 17 fixed to the second member 9 by meas of a shouldered nut 18 screwed to the second member.
  • the third member 17 defines a chamber 19 which tapers towards an outlet orifice 20.
  • the chamber surface is frusto-conical in the nozzle shown in Figure 1.
  • a baffle plate 21 is provided in the chamber 19.
  • the plate 21 is triangular and is fixed by welding or otherwise at its apices to the interior of the third member 17.
  • the plate 21 is disposed between the liquid orifice 12 and the outlet orifice 20 so as to obscure the latter from the former.
  • the plate 21, together with the chamber surface, defines three passageways between its respective edges and the chamber wall, and the air ducts provided by the bores 16 are directed at these passages.
  • the third member 17 provides a deflecting surface 22 against which droplets from the outlet orifice 20 are directed.
  • the surface 22 is inclined at an angle of approximately 75° to the axis of the outlet orifice 20.
  • FIG 3 illustrates a possible application of the nozzles shown in Figures 1 and 2 to an agricultural crop spraying arrangement attached to an agricultural vehicle or tractor whose front and rear wheels are shown at 31 and 32, respectively.
  • the arrangement comprises a spraying apparatus 33 mounted at the rear of the tractor and comprising a liquid tank 34, a pump 35 for pumping the liquid from the tank to the spraying nozzles (not shown), and a coupling 36 connecting the pump 35 to a power take-off 37 of the tractor.
  • the sprayer 33 has outlets 38 connected via supply lines 39 to a system including pipes 40 and 41 for supplying liquid to the nozzles (not shown in Figure 3).
  • This distribution system is mounted to booms 42 which are attached to a front loader of the tractor. The height of the booms 42 above a crop to be sprayed may therefore be adjusted by controlling the height of the front loader.
  • a set of V belts 43 transfers drive from a multiple V belt pulley mounted on an input shaft of the pump 35 to a further such pulley mounted on the shaft of an air compressor 44.
  • the output of the air compressor 44 is connected via a pipe 45 to a diaphragm pressure regulator and T-connector 46.
  • the outputs of the T-connector are connected to pipes 47 which in turn are connected to distribution pipes 48 mounted on the booms 42 for supplying air to the spraying nozzles.
  • the nozzles 1 are fixed to the booms 42 with a mutual spacing of approximately 50 centimetres. During normal operation, the nozzles spray crops from a height of approximately 21 inches (52.5 centimetres) above the top of the crop. Fixing of the nozzles is achieved by rigidly connecting them to the liquid distributing pipes 40 and 41 on the booms 42. The tubes 6 from the nozzles are connected to outlets on the air distribution pipes 48. Liquid under pressure and air under pressure are therefore supplied to each of the nozzles 1, which atomises the liquid in the following way.
  • Liquid passes along the ducts 7 and 11 and is emitted from the orifice 12 as a narrow jet.
  • This jet strikes the baffle plate 21 and undergoes an initial atomisation as a result of this.
  • Compressed air is emitted from the ducts 16 and entrains the atomised liquid, carrying it through the passages between the edges of the plate 21 and the surface of the chamber 19.
  • the atomised liquid is thus ejected through the orifice 20 and strikes the surface 22 where final atomisation takes place and the flow is deflected downwardly in a fan- shaped spray.
  • the sizes of the orifices 12 and 20 together with the pressures of the air and liquid supplied to the nozzle affect the mean droplet size and the distribution of droplet sizes, and also affect the rate at which liquid is sprayed from the nozzle.
  • Tests were performed to investigate the relationship between air and liquid pressures, orifice sizes, average droplet sizes, and rate of liquid output when used for spraying crops in a field. The results obtained are given below where VMD is volume medium diameter in microns (pm): where the diameter of the orifice 12 was 0.028 inches (7.11 x 10 -4 m) and the diameter of the orifice 20 was 0.057 inches (1.45x10- 3 m).
  • the liquid output varied between 3 and 5 gallons per acre (3.4x10- 3 and 5.6x10- 3 Im- 2 ) depending on pressures. where the diameter of the orifice 12 was 0.35 inches 18.89x10 -4 m) and the diameter of the orifice 20 was 0.073 inches (1.85x10- 3 m). The liquid output varied between 5 and 7 gallons per acre (5.6x10- 3 and 7.9x10- 3 Im- 2 ) depending on pressures. where the diameter of the orifice 12 was 0.040 inches (1.02x 10 -3 m) and the diameter of the orifice 20 was 0.0835 inches (2.12x10- 3 m). The liquid output varied between 7 and 10 gallons per acre (7.9x10-3 and 1.12x10 -2 lm -2 ) depending on pressures.
  • the spray pattern produced by the nozzle has also been investigated and proved to have desirable characteristics.
  • a mean droplet diameter of about 200 microns (pm) seems to be optimum. As indicated in the tables hereinbefore, this may readily be achieved by selecting orifice diameters and air and liquid pressures, thus allowing the liquid output rate to be selected for a specific application.
  • the nozzles provide such efficient spraying characteristics that the active ingredient in the liquid, such as a fungicide or pesticide, can be used at a much higher concentration i.e. with less water as diluent. It is therefore possible to spray greater areas, for a given liquid tank capacity, without having to reload with liquid than for conventional spraying arrangements.

Landscapes

  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Sprühdüse mit
einer Kammer, welche eine Aufprallfläche, einen Flüssigkeitseinlaß um einen Flüssigkeitsstrahl auf die Aufprallfläche zu richten, einen Auslaß und eine Einlaßeinrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Luftstromes vom Bereich des Flüssigkeitseinlasses im allgemeinen zu dem Auslaß, beinhaltet und
einer Ablenkfläche, welche in Strömungsrichtung nach dem Auslaß angeordnet ist und derart gestaltet ist, um zerstäubte Flüssigkeit aus der Düse umzulenken, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Aufprallfläche (21) in der Kammer (19) zwischen dem Flüssigkeitseinlaß (12) und dem Auslaß (20) angeordnet ist,
der Flüssigkeitseinlaß (12) den Flüssigkeitsstrahl gegen die Aufprallfläche (21) richtet, um die Flüssigkeit zu zerstäuben, und
die Einlaßeinrichtung (16) so angeordnet ist, um die Luft um den Flüssigkeitsstrahl herum in Richtung auf den Auslaß (2) zu richten, damit die zerstäubte Flüssigkeit durch den Auslaß (20) geleitet wird.
2. Düse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Flüssigkeitseinlaß (12) und der Auslaß (20) im wesentlichen koaxial zueinander sind.
3. Düse nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einlaßeinrichtung eine Vielzahl von Austrittsöffnungen (16) umfaßt, welche um den Flüssigkeitseinlaß angeordnet sind.
4. Düse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Kammer (19) nach innen zum Auslaß (20) hin verjüngt.
5. Düse nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kammerfläche eine Rotationsfläche ist.
6. Düse nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einlaßeinrichtung (16) derart gestaltet ist, daß Luft entlang der oder angrenzend an die Kammerfläche gerichtet wird.
7. Düse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis der Querschnittsfläche des Flüssigkeitseinlasses (12) zu der Querschnittsfläche des Auslasses (20) zwischen 1:4 und 1:5 liegt.
8. Düse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ablenkfläche (22) in einem Winkel zwischen 65 und 85 Grad zur Richtung der zerstäubten Flüssigkeit, welche den Auslaß (20) verläßt, geneigt ist.
9. Düse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufprallfläche (21) durch eine polygonale Platte gebildet ist, welche mit ihren Spitzen an der Kammer (19) befestigt ist.
10. Düse nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einlaßeinrichtung eine Vielzahl von Eintrittsöffnungen (16) umfaßt, welche derart gestaltet sind, daß Luftstrahlen auf Spalten zwischen den Rändern der Platte (21) und der Kammerfläche gerichtet werden.
11. Düse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufprallfläche (21) konvex zum Flüssigkeitseinlaß (12) hin ausgebildet ist.
EP19860309365 1985-11-29 1986-12-01 Zerstäubungsdüse Expired EP0225193B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB858529403A GB8529403D0 (en) 1985-11-29 1985-11-29 Spraying nozzles
GB8529403 1985-11-29

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0225193A2 EP0225193A2 (de) 1987-06-10
EP0225193A3 EP0225193A3 (en) 1987-11-19
EP0225193B1 true EP0225193B1 (de) 1990-08-22

Family

ID=10588968

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860309365 Expired EP0225193B1 (de) 1985-11-29 1986-12-01 Zerstäubungsdüse

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0225193B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3673610D1 (de)
GB (1) GB8529403D0 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6149509A (en) * 1995-11-27 2000-11-21 Danville Engineering Removable nozzle for a sandblaster handpiece
US6457974B1 (en) 1999-11-18 2002-10-01 Parkell, Inc. Intraoral dental abrading instrument
US6485303B1 (en) 1999-11-18 2002-11-26 Parkell, Inc. Intraoral dental abrading instrument
DE10351834A1 (de) * 2003-11-06 2005-06-16 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Clathraten
CN105149131B (zh) * 2015-08-17 2017-09-26 衢州昀睿工业设计有限公司 一种气力施肥装置的混合输料器

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2157591B (en) * 1984-04-19 1987-11-25 Spraying Systems Co Air-assisted spray nozzle
US4972995A (en) * 1987-10-20 1990-11-27 Kraft General Foods, Inc. Two-fluid nozzle for spray drying an aqueous slurry
US5732885A (en) * 1994-10-07 1998-03-31 Spraying Systems Co. Internal mix air atomizing spray nozzle
DE19726890B4 (de) * 1997-06-25 2007-11-15 Kampf Gmbh & Co Maschinenfabrik Sprühdüse und Sprühsystem zum Aufsprühen von Flüssigkeit auf eine Materialbahn
GB9721297D0 (en) 1997-10-07 1997-12-10 Lurmark Ltd Spray nozzle

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1661450A (en) * 1925-06-12 1928-03-06 Leport R Van Sant Fuel-burning system
US2447123A (en) * 1944-08-09 1948-08-17 Jones Harry Sloper Therapeutic device
US3051397A (en) * 1961-04-03 1962-08-28 Grinnell Corp Foam-water sprinkler device
DE2454725A1 (de) * 1974-11-19 1976-05-26 Lechler Apparatebau Kg Duese zum verspruehen eines schaumfoermigen mediums, insbesondere von pflanzenschutzmitteln
GB2157591B (en) * 1984-04-19 1987-11-25 Spraying Systems Co Air-assisted spray nozzle

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6149509A (en) * 1995-11-27 2000-11-21 Danville Engineering Removable nozzle for a sandblaster handpiece
US6457974B1 (en) 1999-11-18 2002-10-01 Parkell, Inc. Intraoral dental abrading instrument
US6485303B1 (en) 1999-11-18 2002-11-26 Parkell, Inc. Intraoral dental abrading instrument
DE10351834A1 (de) * 2003-11-06 2005-06-16 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Clathraten
DE10351834B4 (de) * 2003-11-06 2006-01-05 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Clathraten und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
CN105149131B (zh) * 2015-08-17 2017-09-26 衢州昀睿工业设计有限公司 一种气力施肥装置的混合输料器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3673610D1 (de) 1990-09-27
EP0225193A2 (de) 1987-06-10
EP0225193A3 (en) 1987-11-19
GB8529403D0 (en) 1986-01-08

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