EP0224881B1 - Method for manufacturing a hair piece, and hair piece produced by this method - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Method for the production of a hair-piece (toupet), in which the support piece (1) consists of a mesh material and the hairs (30) are connected by knots (26) with the threads (24, 25) of the support piece (1), characterized in that for the production a. hairs (30a-e) of real hair or of a plastics material are used a.1 these hairs (30a-e) are of differing length a.2 of differing thickness and a.3 of differing colour (22, 23), b. the real remaining hairs (10) of the wearer are connected by means of loop- or tie- knots (9) or by means of clip-like connecting means with a thread (6) running in the marginal region (2) around the support piece (1), which thread is relieved of tension by loops (7).

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a hair piece (toupee), in which the carrier part consists of a knitwear and the hair is connected to the threads of the carrier part by knots.

Such hairpieces have become known in various embodiments (see US Pat. No. 3,970,092). All of the embodiments have in common that the hair part produced by known methods is not true to nature, because it has not hitherto been possible to reproduce the natural conditions in the area of scalp-real hair in such a way that a hair part which is ideally approximated to the natural conditions could be produced.

The invention has for its object to provide a method for producing a hair part of the type mentioned and a hair part, which is made by the method, that it is almost ideally approximated to natural conditions.

• a. Haare aus Echthaar oder einem Kunststoffmaterial verwendet
  • a1. diese Haare unterschiedliche Länge
  • a2. unterschiedliche Dicke und
  • a3. unterschiedliche Färbung aufweisen,
• b. daß die echten Resthaare des Trägers über Schling- oder Knüpfknoten mit einem im Randbereich rings um das Trägerteil verlaufenden Faden verbunden sind, der durch Schlaufen zugentlastet ist.

To achieve the object, the method is characterized in that one for production

• a. Hair made of real hair or a plastic material is used
  • a1. these hair different lengths
  • a2. different thickness and
  • a3. have different colors,
• b. that the real remaining hair of the wearer is connected via looping or knotting knots to a thread running in the edge area around the support part, which is relieved of tension by loops.

It is a feature of the present invention that the natural conditions in the human hair-scalp system are gradually tried to be approached by first using hair made of plastic material, which is given such optical and mechanical properties by certain surface treatments (light refraction, reflection factors) that such hair already taken very close to the optical and mechanical properties of the human hair.

If one now uses hair made of plastic material of different lengths to produce a hair part according to the method according to the invention and directly produces a hair part with hair of different lengths, one has several advantages at the same time.

Previously, synthetic hair of relatively the same length had been used and tied into the carrier part. In order to achieve a look that was as real as possible, the artificial hair was then shortened with an elaborate cutting technique in such a way that approximately different lengths were achieved.

The disadvantage of this known method, however, was that it required a complex and difficult-to-cut cutting technique in order to subsequently incorporate different lengths of hair into the hair piece.

This is now avoided after the second method step of the present invention, because hair of different lengths is tied into the hair part from the outset, as a result of which the previously known, complex cutting technique is eliminated.

With the tying of hair of different lengths in the carrier part, however, the further significant advantage is achieved that the shorter hair near the hair base supports the longer hair and that the toupee gets a "handle" that is largely approximated to the human hair.

This gives all the hair in the toupee a favorable cohesion and does not fly as it can be observed with known hair pieces.

It is preferred here if hair lengths in the range from 3 cm to 20 cm, preferably from 3 to 10 cm, are distributed irregularly over the entire carrier part and the length is also connected irregularly to the carrier part via knots.

According to the third feature of the method, it is provided that the hair itself also have different thicknesses, which corresponds to natural human hairs which also have different thicknesses.

It is preferred here if, for example, a synthetic hair with a thickness of about 50 m is used and also hair whose thickness deviates by + 20% or by - 20% from this mean value, so that the hair thickness in each case differs in this range, and irregularly as with grown hair.

This also gives the hair part an appearance that corresponds to the natural conditions, based on the thickness of the hair.

According to the fourth feature of the method according to the invention, the hair is then colored differently, which also gives it a natural appearance.

There are two different, preferred embodiments of this method step.

According to a first preferred embodiment, it is provided that only the shorter hair is colored dark compared to the longer hair. This results in a relatively dark-looking hairline in comparison to the overlying covering hair of the hair, which means that the hairline is covered by the darker, short hair and the hair carrier is practically no longer visible.

On the one hand, the carrier part is thus optically covered, so that one can no longer discover the carrier part from the top view of the hair part and, on the other hand, the optical covering effect saves a large number of hairs, as was necessary with previously known hair parts.

In previously known hairpieces, a large number of hairs and knots per cm ² had to be used to cover the carrier part in order to achieve the desired covering effect.

According to the invention, this is no longer necessary because the darker, shorter hair, which form the hair bottom, cover the carrier part optically and it is therefore possible to use a significantly smaller number of hairs and knots per cm2 of the carrier part.

On the one hand, this saves costs in the manufacture of the hair part and on the other hand the air permeability and at the same time the transparency of the hairstyle of the hair part according to the invention is improved in a decisive manner.

According to a second embodiment of the present invention, instead of using darker, shorter hair, it is provided that all hair has a continuously graded color in such a way that each hair is colored darker near its attachment point (knot on the carrier part) than on the Hair tips.

So it is no longer hair of different colors used, as in the first embodiment, but all hair is dyed, only that the color of the hair at the tips of the hair is lighter than at the attachment point on the carrier part, so that a continuously graded color is guaranteed .

According to the fifth method step, which is essential to the invention, it is provided that the remaining hair of the wearer is connected via looping or knotting knots to a thread running around the carrier part in the edge region, which is relieved of tension by loops.

This process step relates to the connection of the hair part according to the invention with the surrounding residual hair of the wearer.

So far it has been known to use hard plastic or celloloid or metallic connecting means such as e.g. To use clips, clips or hooks, in the case of using a hook the hook is attached at one end to a circumferential thread of the carrier part and is anchored at the hook-like end in the remaining hair of the carrier. The disadvantage of this anchoring method is that there is no strain relief between the remaining hair and the carrier part, as a result of which the remaining hair is subjected to a great deal of tension and consequently breaks or is even torn out quickly when worn for a longer period of time, so that a ring of failed hair quickly becomes worn when wearing known hair pieces around the attachment area of the hair piece to the scalp of the wearer.

This is now avoided according to the invention in that the remaining hair is connected to the thread arranged in the assembly by means of looping or knotting knots, it being important that this thread is relieved of strain by appropriate loops so that the thread can yield any tension on the remaining hair. whereby a tensile stress on the remaining hair is substantially avoided.

As a result, the hair part according to the invention can be fastened to the scalp of the wearer in such a way that a transition region from the remaining hair to the hair part according to the invention is practically invisible and, furthermore, this residual hair is relieved of strain in such a way that even wearing such a hair part for a long time does not cause damage or damage loss of residual hair. The strain relief is designed in such a way that synchronous pulling conditions are achieved with your own hair. If you pull your own hair, you pull the scalp from the skull (this bulges outwards). If you pull the toupee hair and your own hair, you get the same conditions. As a result, there is no more tension and this means more comfort - especially when sleeping.

In a further development of this inventive concept it is provided that the remaining hair of the wearer provided for connection to the strain-relieved thread is cut in stages and is thus connected to the thread in different lengths via the looping or knotting knots.

The so-called length compensation is solved in a favorable manner, which was not previously known.

Previously, the remaining hair was cut in stages to the same length, and these remaining hairs of the same length were then connected to the hair part using appropriate mechanical fastening means. The disadvantage was that the length growth of the remaining hair (about 1 cm per month) could not be compensated, because after about a month the hair in the freezing area had outgrown the toupee cut length. The hair in the freezing area pushes the hair up in the edge area of the toupee, so that this edge area fits like "uncovered" on the scalp and on the remaining hair of the wearer, which leads to an unnatural appearance.

If, according to the invention, the residual hair, which is used for connection to the edge region of the carrier part, is cut in stages from the outset, the natural length growth is compensated to a certain extent. Experiments by the inventor have shown that in the case of step-cut residual hair, both shorter and longer hair being connected to the edge region of the carrier part via the strain-relieved thread, a compensation of the length growth of about 30% is achieved, i.e. you can wear such a hair piece much longer without the remaining hair lifting the edge area of the hair piece due to its length growth.

The hairpiece according to the invention is therefore designed to act like a "second skin with hair", i.e. the hair part according to the invention should approximate the conditions of the scalp and the human hair in an ideal manner.

This also serves to improve the air and moisture permeability of the hair part according to the invention.

First of all, it was mentioned at the beginning that using hair of different lengths achieves a better grip, i.e. the shorter hair supports the longer hair, so that for this reason you have to use less hair. If you use different colors, the hair bottom will be covered and you will have to use less hair.

If you now also use a special adhesive while avoiding the usual adhesive plasters, then the air permeability of the hair part according to the invention is further improved. For example, if, especially in the forehead area, you use a biodegradable adhesive in the scalp that creates a direct connection between the scalp and the carrier part, and if you apply this adhesive in the form of microfine droplets, good air permeability is also achieved at this adhesive point , as it was previously not available with the known adhesive plasters.

It is of course not necessary to apply the adhesive directly between the scalp and the carrier part, but it is also possible to use an air-permeable, semi-permeable fabric on the underside of the carrier part, as already used for other purposes under the registered trademark Goretex . The use of this substance is also claimed to be essential to the invention.

The subject matter of the present invention results not only from the subject matter of the individual claims, but also from the combination of the individual claims. one another.

All of the information and features disclosed in the documents, in particular the spatial design shown in the drawings, are claimed to be essential to the invention, insofar as they are new to the prior art, individually or in combination.

In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing several possible embodiments. Further features and advantages of the invention which are essential to the invention emerge from the drawings and their description.

• Figur 1: vergrößerte Schnittansicht durch ein Haarteil nach der Erfindung in einer ersten Ausführungsform;
• Figur 2: vergrößerte Schnittansicht durch das Haarteil nach Fig. 1 in einer zweiten Ausführungsform mit Darstellung der Befestigung auf der Kopfhaut;
• Figur 3: Draufsicht auf ein Trägerteil nach der Erfindung;
• Figur 4: Schnitt gemäß der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3;
• Figur 5: Draufsicht auf ein Teilstück des Trägerteils nach Fig. 3 in der Ausbildung als Maschenware;
• Figur 6: Detaildarstellung der Befestigung der Resthaare an dem zugentlasteten Faden;
• Figur 7: Darstellung gem. Fig. 6 im Endzustand der Befestigung der Resthaare.

Show it:

• Figure 1: enlarged sectional view through a hairpiece according to the invention in a first embodiment;
• FIG. 2: enlarged sectional view through the hair part according to FIG. 1 in a second embodiment, showing the attachment to the scalp;
• Figure 3: top view of a carrier part according to the invention;
• Figure 4: Section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3;
• FIG. 5: top view of a section of the carrier part according to FIG. 3 in the form of a knitted fabric;
• Figure 6: Detail of the attachment of the remaining hair on the strain-relieved thread;
• Figure 7: Representation acc. Fig. 6 in the final state of attachment of the remaining hair.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the sectional front view is schematically drawn through a carrier part 1, which in a preferred embodiment consists of a knitted fabric, as is shown for example in FIG. 5. Threads 24, 25 are intertwined in such a way that stitches 4 result.

To create a hairpiece are now gem. Fig. 1 hair 30 of different thickness and different color with the threads 24, 25 of the carrier part 1 connected.

The connection is made via nodes 26 known per se.

It is important in the exemplary embodiment that the shorter hair 30b has a darker color 22 than the longer hair, as a result of which the hair bottom, i. the stitches 4 are ideally covered optically from above.

In addition, hair of different thicknesses are also used, the diameter variations of this hair 30 regulatingly affecting both longer and shorter hair.

The longer hair 30a is thicker than the shorter hair 30b and a medium length hair 30c lies in its diameter range between the two aforementioned hair thicknesses.

Such variations in diameter of all hair give an overall impression approximating the natural appearance of the human hair.

In Figure 2 it is shown that the hair has a graded, continuous color, starting from the hair bottom (node 26) with a darker color and ending at the tips of the hair with a lighter color (23).

FIG. 2 also shows a direct connection of the carrier part 1 to the scalp 17 of the carrier, specifically via the adhesive drops 16 shown in FIG. 2, which are exaggerated in size.

From this it can be seen that the drops of adhesive 16 partially engage in the rind 18 of the wearer and consequently blood vessels 19 of the rind 18 also flow around them.

It is now important that the adhesive 16 consists of a biodegradable material which does not cause any allergic symptoms in the body of the wearer and which can be broken down by the rind 18 of the wearer himself.

After the skin renews itself every 28 days, direct skin application can last a maximum of 20 -25 days.

In another embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the adhesive drops 16 are not directly connected to the threads 24, 25 of the carrier part 1, but that a semi-permeable textile plaster is arranged on the underside of the carrier part 1 - not shown.

It is only important that a favorable air and moisture flow in the direction of arrow 21 through the carrier part 1 is possible and guaranteed from the scalp 17.

The assembly 20 shown in FIG. 3 consists of the carrier part 1, which according to FIG. 5 consists of a knitted fabric. These stitches are only indicated schematically in FIG. 3, while it is shown in FIG. 5 that they are hexagonal stitches 4 which form the carrier part 1.

The threads forming the stitches of the carrier part 1 are made of plastic in a manner known per se and the artificial hair inserted between the stitches 4 consists either of plastic or of natural hair. In the case of using plastic hair also come BEGALON (registered trademark of the applicant) hair for use.

The carrier part 1 shown in FIG. 3 has an edge zone 2 which, according to FIG. 4, is formed by a double reinforcing band 5. In other embodiments, the edge zone can also be formed by a plastic tape, a liquid adhesive or a coating; the reinforcement of the edge zone can also be omitted.

FIG. 4 only shows schematically that the reinforcing band 5 extends with its lower end edge to the edge 15 of the carrier part 1.

In a further embodiment, not shown in detail, it is also provided that the reinforcing band 5 is folded over the edge 15 of the carrier part 1 and also extends into the rear of the carrier part 1. The edge 15 is thus bordered by the reinforcing tape 5.

For better stabilization of the entire carrier part 1, a thread 3 is drawn outside the edge zone 2 through the stitches 4 of the carrier part 1 in order to ensure good dimensional stability of the carrier. In another embodiment, however, the thread 3 can also be omitted.

According to the invention, in the area of the edge zone 2, a thread 6 is connected to the carrier part 1 via loops 7 which relieve strain. The connection between the thread 6 and the carrier part takes place only in the area of the tension-relieved loops 7, with sections 8 of the thread 6 being formed straight between the loops 7, which are not connected to the carrier part 1.

According to FIG. 6, the existing natural residual hair 10 of the wearer is connected to the straight section 8 of the thread 6 via a looping knot 9 or a knot or crochet knot, with FIG. 6 only showing schematically that in the area of section 6 a single looping knot 9 is arranged. In reality, a plurality of loop knots 9 arranged next to one another are provided.

The arrangement of a looping knot 9 is advantageous because, according to FIG. 6, the remaining hair 10 can still be moved in the direction of the arrow 11, 12 along the section 8 before it is finally fixed to the thread 6 with an adhesive 13 according to FIG.

Figure 7 shows the final attachment of the wearer's natural hair. There it is visible that the respective looping knot 9 is fixed to the thread 6 with an adhesive 13 and that a plurality of looping knots 9 lying next to one another are provided, so that a circumferential, all-round connection of the assembly 20 to the remaining hair 10 of the wearer is ensured. If the gear is now moved in the direction of the arrows 11, 12, then this pull is not passed on to the remaining hair 10, because first this pull acts on the thread 6 via the loop knot 9, and the thread 6 is thus pulled in the direction of the arrow 11 or 12, and thus a loop 7 of one side in the area between the section 8 is drawn more or less. As a result, the previously described strain-relieving effect occurs because the thread 6 is flexible in the direction of the arrows 11, 12 shown and, of course, also in the direction of the arrows perpendicular to the directions of the arrows 11, 12 in the plane of the carrier part 1, so that tensile stress on the remaining hair 10 is avoided becomes.

At the same time, however, the attachment described ensures that the edge zone 2 of the assembly 20 is held smoothly and inconspicuously on the scalp of the wearer and is secured against lifting off.

The wearer can wear the outfit described in this way over a long period of many months, the hair length growth having to be compensated for from time to time, and if hair has regrown in the area of the bald spot on the head to be covered by the outfit 20, then the one to be covered can be covered The bald spot can be covered again with a new, smaller fitting to be adapted.

To compensate for hair length growth, the outfit is retained, but the attachment of the real hair to the thread is released by removing the thread. For this purpose, the adhesive 13, which secures the loop knots 9 of the remaining hair 10, is dissolved with a non-hair-damaging solvent, as a result of which the thread 6 can then be pulled out of the carrier part 1 in the direction of the arrow 11. This loosens all loop knots 9 and the assembly 20 is free without the hair 10 being damaged in the process. Or the thread is simply cut off and pulled out through the hair's knots loosened with the solvent.

The assembly 20 is then adjusted again in the manner described above by pulling in a new thread and the strain relief for the real hair 10 is restored by knotting or gluing the hair to the thread.

FIG. 3 shows that a compensation of the hair length growth is achieved in that the remaining hair 10 is cut differently on the scalp 17 and that this remaining hair with different lengths is then connected again to the thread via the loop knots 9 described.

In this way, the hair length growth is better balanced than if the remaining hair 10 is bluntly cut and then these tips would be connected to the thread 6.

With the step cutting of the residual hair according to the invention, it is possible to wear the hair part for a 30% longer time than with bluntly cut residual hair.

Claims (7)

1. Method for the production of a hair-piece (toupet), in which the support piece (1) consists of a mesh material and the hairs (30) are connected by knots (26) with the threads (24, 25) of the support piece (1), characterized in that for the production

a. hairs (30a-e) of real hair or of a plastics material are used

a.1 these hairs (30a-e) are of differing length

a.2 of differing thickness and

a.2 of differing colour (22, 23),

b. the real remaining hairs (10) of the wearer are connected by means of loop- or tie- knots (9) or by means of clip-like connecting means with a thread (6) running in the marginal region (2) around the support piece (1), which thread is relieved of tension by loops (7).

2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the remaining hairs (10) of the wearer, which are provided for connection with the thread (6) which is relieved of tension, are cut in a graduated manner (tapered) and are thereby connected with differing length to the thread (6) by means of loop-or tie- knots.

3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that by means of an adhesive (16) which is able to decompose biologically in the scalp the hair-piece is stuck at predetermined points onto the scalp (17) in the form of microfine droplets of the adhesive (16).

4. Hair-piece with a support piece (1) of mesh material, in which the artificial hairs (30) are connected by knots (26) with the threads (24, 25) of the support piece, characterized in that

a. the hairs (30a-e) consist of a plastics material and

a.1 are of differing length

a.2 differing thickness

a.3 differing colour (22, 23)

and that

b. the real remaining hairs of the wearer are connected by means of loop- or tie- knots (9) with a thread (6) running in the marginal region (2) around the support piece (1), which thread is relieved of tension by loops (7).

5. Hair-piece according to Claim 4, characterized in that all the hairs (30 a-e) have a continuous graduated colouring (23), in a manner such that the hairs (30a-e) in the vicinity of their attachment site (knot 26) on the support piece are coloured darker than at the tips of the hair (Fig. 2).

6. Hair-piece according to Claim 4, characterized in that only the short hairs (30b) are coloured darker and all the other hairs (30a, c) are lighter (Fig. 1).

7. Hair-piece according to Claim 4, characterized in that the remaining hairs of the wearer, which are provided for connection with the thread (6) which is relieved of tension, are cut in a graduated manner (tapered).

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