EP0224293B1 - A beer tapping installation - Google Patents
A beer tapping installation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0224293B1 EP0224293B1 EP86201949A EP86201949A EP0224293B1 EP 0224293 B1 EP0224293 B1 EP 0224293B1 EP 86201949 A EP86201949 A EP 86201949A EP 86201949 A EP86201949 A EP 86201949A EP 0224293 B1 EP0224293 B1 EP 0224293B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cask
- beer
- tap
- line
- coupling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/04—Apparatus utilising compressed air or other gas acting directly or indirectly on beverages in storage containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/06—Mountings or arrangements of dispensing apparatus in or on shop or bar counters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/08—Details
- B67D1/0857—Cooling arrangements
- B67D1/0858—Cooling arrangements using compression systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/08—Details
- B67D1/0857—Cooling arrangements
- B67D1/0858—Cooling arrangements using compression systems
- B67D1/0861—Cooling arrangements using compression systems the evaporator acting through an intermediate heat transfer means
- B67D1/0865—Cooling arrangements using compression systems the evaporator acting through an intermediate heat transfer means by circulating a cooling fluid along beverage supply lines, e.g. pythons
- B67D1/0868—Cooling arrangements using compression systems the evaporator acting through an intermediate heat transfer means by circulating a cooling fluid along beverage supply lines, e.g. pythons the cooling fluid being a gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D2210/00—Indexing scheme relating to aspects and details of apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught or for controlling flow of liquids under gravity from storage containers for dispensing purposes
- B67D2210/00028—Constructional details
- B67D2210/00047—Piping
- B67D2210/00049—Pipes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a beer tapping installation comprising a first cask installation and cooling unit adjacent a second cooling unit, a third unit supporting a tap and a storage space accomodating a gas container, a beer line with a cask coupling at its one end extending from the inside of the first unit to the tap and connected with its other end to said tap arranged near the free end of said third unit which comprises a hollow support protruding vertically from the coupled units, enveloping the beer line adjacent the tap and being in open communication with said first unit, the beer line with cask coupling being movable longitudinally of the hollow support, and a gas supply line extending between the gas container and the cask compling.
- Such a beer tapping installation is known from US-A 4 350 267.
- the three units form a portable beverage dispenser for a single cask or keg, particularly meant for use at home, as portable will say a gross weight of about 100-150 N which means a keg of about 5-10 I.
- a fresh cask or keg has to be installed. If the fresh cask or keg wasn't stored in a cooled space dispensing of the beverage, especially if it is beer, has to be deferred till the cooling unit has brought the beverage at the temperature desired.
- said three units and said storage space are all parts of one refrigerator including a revolving platform in the first cask installation and cooling unit on which at least two casks can be placed, and the gas container contains C0 2 .
- An empty cask can be removed in a simple manner because of cask coupling, beer line and tap can be lifted jointly, after which the empty cask can be brought into the optimum removal position by rotation of the revolving platform.
- the casks are arranged on said platform in such a manner that this rotation brings full cask in the coupling position with the beer line.
- the revolving platform is adapted for the arrangement of three casks in rotational symmetry.
- a new full cask to be coupled is at the proper temperature due to its being stored in the cooling space, so that beer tapping can be continued virtually without loss of time.
- the empty cask is removed and replaced by a full one, which is brought at the desired consumption temperature by placement in the cooling space.
- the revolving platform provides not only a simple method of replacement for an empty cask, but also ensures that the full cask longest present in the cooling space is tapped.
- the placement of full casks in the cooling space gives the additional advantage that the storage of casks in stock does not require special cooling measures, since the cooling space contains a sufficiently large cooled stock.
- the cooling space also ensures a constant low temperature, which means that C0 2 consumption is minimal, while a one-off adjustment of the C0 2 pressure is sufficient.
- the presence of an installation space for a C0 2 container in the refrigerator ensures a convenient method of inspection and replacement of said container.
- the application of the refrigerator has the additional advantage that the beer line can be cooled up to the tap in a simple manner, namely, through the open communication between the hollow support and the cooling space. This means that beer having remained in the beer line for some time has not been warmed up but has been maintained at the desired tapping temperature and need not be discarded, so that the loss of beer is reduced.
- the cask coupling When, in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention, the cask coupling is mounted for rotation relative to the beer line, beer line and tap need be movable vertically only for the purpose of uncoupling a cask. A vertical displacement of the tap relative to the hollow support can then be realized in a simple manner when, in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, the hollow support is provided with a longitudinal slot through which extends the tap attached to the beer line. After uncoupling an empty cask, the cask coupling, for the purpose of replacing the cask, can be maintained at a higher level in a simple manner when, in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, the hollow support is closed at its top with a removable cover.
- the tap After removing the cover and lifting the tap out of the longitudinal slot, the tap can be rotated and, supported on the top of the hollow support, be positioned so that the beer line and the cask coupling attached thereto continue to hang in a lifted position, in which they do not hinder the replacement of the cask.
- the cask coupling is attached releasably to the beer line, there is further provided a possibility of washing out the beer line in a rapid and simple manner.
- the beer line with tap can be pulled out of the hollow support and be coupled to a source of hot water for being flushed. This can be done by the user himself, so that no specialized company need be employed, which is a further cost- saving factor.
- the beer in a cask placed in the cooling space can be cooled within 12 hours from ambient temperature to the ideal temperature of 5 ° C when, according to a still further embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerator is provided with a forced cooling element.
- the beer tapping installation shown in Figs. 1-3 comprises a refrigerator 1 having a cooling space 2, a cooling element 3, a forced cooling element 4 and a storage space 5.
- the cooling space 2 is accessible by means of a door 6, the storage space 5 by means of a door 7.
- a revolving platform 8 whose possibility of rotation is shown diagrammatically by an axis 9.
- an upright peripheral edge 10 and ribs 11 platform 8 is divided into three surfaces, each for receiving a cask 12, 13, 14.
- the storage space 5 contains provisions installing and connecting a C0 2 cylinder 15.
- a through opening 16 terminating in cooling space 5 and communicating with a hollow support 17 mounted on the upper wall of refrigerator 1.
- Hollow support 17 is closed at its top with a removable cover 18 and is provided with a slot 19 through which extends a beer line 20 with tap 21 mounted thereon.
- Beer line 20 extends through hollow support 17 and openi 16 downwardly and is provided at its lower end with a cask coupling 22 having a connecting socket 23 for a C0 2 line, not shown, to the C0 2 cylinder 15 in storage space 5.
- Cask coupling 22 is coupled to the cask 12 by a screwing movement. To perform this screwing movement without rotation of the beer line 20, which rotation would be prevented by the beer line 20 with tap 21 extending through slot 19, cask coupling 22 is connected to the beer line 20 so as to be rotatable. Said rotary connection is also releasable, so that after removal of cover 18, the beer line 20 with tap 21 can be pulled upwardly out of the hollow support 17. As a result, beer line and tap can be cleaned separately and in a simple manner by connecting the cask coupling end of the beer line 20 to a source of hot water and, after opening tap 21, flushing the line 20 for the desired period of time.
- the cask coupling 22 is loosened with a screwing movement, which is possible because the cask coupling 22 is rotatable relative to the beer line 20 and because the beer line 20 can be moved upwardly relative to the cask 12 and the hollow support 17, while the tap 21 is lifted in slot 19.
- this is pushed upwards together with the beer line 20 and the tap 21 to the extent that the tap 21 gets out of the slot 19, after which, through pivotal movement of the beer line 20 and through tap 21 bearing on the upper edge of the hollow support 17, the assembly 20-23 continues to hang in the lifted position. It is observed that the C0 2 line should be either uncoupled or be flexible.
- platform 8 is rotated to the right, as viewed in Fig. 2, in such a manner that cask 12 comes to be in the position formerly occupied by cask 14, while simultaneously cask 13 comes to be in the position occupied earlier by cask 12.
- the empty cask 12 can now be removed from refrigerator 1 in a simple manner and be replaced by a new cask, while cask 13 is then in the proper position for being connected to the beer line 20 by means of cask coupling 22, which is effected by performing the above uncoupling operations in the reverse order.
- cask 13 was present in the cooling space already longer than cask 14, so that automatically the full cask that is longest present is connected.
- the newly placed cask in replacement of the cask 12 will be cooled, while the through-flow time of the installation (first, cask 13 and then cask 14 will have to be emptied) will generally be sufficient to bring said cask in an optimally cooled condition before it is connected.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Devices For Dispensing Beverages (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
Description
- The invention relates to a beer tapping installation comprising a first cask installation and cooling unit adjacent a second cooling unit, a third unit supporting a tap and a storage space accomodating a gas container, a beer line with a cask coupling at its one end extending from the inside of the first unit to the tap and connected with its other end to said tap arranged near the free end of said third unit which comprises a hollow support protruding vertically from the coupled units, enveloping the beer line adjacent the tap and being in open communication with said first unit, the beer line with cask coupling being movable longitudinally of the hollow support, and a gas supply line extending between the gas container and the cask compling.
- Such a beer tapping installation is known from US-A 4 350 267. In coupled condition the three units form a portable beverage dispenser for a single cask or keg, particularly meant for use at home, as portable will say a gross weight of about 100-150 N which means a keg of about 5-10 I. When the cask or keg is drained a fresh cask or keg has to be installed. If the fresh cask or keg wasn't stored in a cooled space dispensing of the beverage, especially if it is beer, has to be deferred till the cooling unit has brought the beverage at the temperature desired.
- In case this should be a problem, as it would be in a beverage selling catering establishment, other installations are available as for instance known from US-A 2 199 718 comprising two separated cooled cask installation spaces. When the one cask is drained tapping can be immediately carried on using the other cask permitting the drained cask to be replaced by a fresh one, which will be cooled to the desired temperature during draining said other cask. Such an installation, to which mostly standard casks of 50 I. are connected, is destined for establishments having such beer sales that a coupled cask is emptied and replaced within three days. When a cask is connected to the system for a longer period, a loss of quality will result, after which the beer even may go "flat". The beer still present in the cask is then no longer fit for sale, which means a loss. Establishments having minor or strongly varying beer sales have therefor been using beer in bottles up till now. This means carrying out many additional and often heavy operations with bottles and crates, in addition to the fact that the clients cannot be offered draught beer. Moreover such an installation will economically be unattractive both from a cost and a space viewpoint for establishments, in- ! stitutions or clubs having the above mentioned minor or varying beer sales.
- It is an object of the present invention to provide a beer tapping installation suitable for commercial use, which has a relatively simple design and is relatively inexpensive and simple in operation.
- It is a further object of the invention to provide for a conception which allows for an installation having overall sizes of a customary buffet or buffet part designed for a single cask of 50 L, but adapted for almost continuously tapping of beer in establishments, institutions or clubs having minor or strongly varying beer sales.
- According to the present invention, this is achieved in an installation as previously mentioned in that said three units and said storage space are all parts of one refrigerator including a revolving platform in the first cask installation and cooling unit on which at least two casks can be placed, and the gas container contains C02. These features allow to obtain a complete beer tapping installation which, when smaller casks of e.g. 20 I. capacity are used, enable to use a refrigerator having a depth dimension in the order of magnitude of a conventional tap.
- An empty cask can be removed in a simple manner because of cask coupling, beer line and tap can be lifted jointly, after which the empty cask can be brought into the optimum removal position by rotation of the revolving platform. Preferably, the casks are arranged on said platform in such a manner that this rotation brings full cask in the coupling position with the beer line. A particularly effective arrangement can be obtained when, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the revolving platform is adapted for the arrangement of three casks in rotational symmetry. A new full cask to be coupled is at the proper temperature due to its being stored in the cooling space, so that beer tapping can be continued virtually without loss of time. The empty cask is removed and replaced by a full one, which is brought at the desired consumption temperature by placement in the cooling space. Thus, the revolving platform provides not only a simple method of replacement for an empty cask, but also ensures that the full cask longest present in the cooling space is tapped. The placement of full casks in the cooling space gives the additional advantage that the storage of casks in stock does not require special cooling measures, since the cooling space contains a sufficiently large cooled stock. The cooling space also ensures a constant low temperature, which means that C02 consumption is minimal, while a one-off adjustment of the C02 pressure is sufficient. Moreover, the presence of an installation space for a C02 container in the refrigerator ensures a convenient method of inspection and replacement of said container. The application of the refrigerator has the additional advantage that the beer line can be cooled up to the tap in a simple manner, namely, through the open communication between the hollow support and the cooling space. This means that beer having remained in the beer line for some time has not been warmed up but has been maintained at the desired tapping temperature and need not be discarded, so that the loss of beer is reduced.
- By means of the features according to the present invention, there is thus obtained a relatively simple, compact and, if desired, movable beer tapping installation occupying little space, which is simple and convenient in use and is excellently suitable for operation with smaller casks than conventional, so that a tapped cask is empty more quickly which, with given beer sales, mean less loss of beer and a constant good quality of the beer.
- When, in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention, the cask coupling is mounted for rotation relative to the beer line, beer line and tap need be movable vertically only for the purpose of uncoupling a cask. A vertical displacement of the tap relative to the hollow support can then be realized in a simple manner when, in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, the hollow support is provided with a longitudinal slot through which extends the tap attached to the beer line. After uncoupling an empty cask, the cask coupling, for the purpose of replacing the cask, can be maintained at a higher level in a simple manner when, in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, the hollow support is closed at its top with a removable cover. After removing the cover and lifting the tap out of the longitudinal slot, the tap can be rotated and, supported on the top of the hollow support, be positioned so that the beer line and the cask coupling attached thereto continue to hang in a lifted position, in which they do not hinder the replacement of the cask.
- When, in accordance with a still further embodiment of the present invention, the cask coupling is attached releasably to the beer line, there is further provided a possibility of washing out the beer line in a rapid and simple manner. After loosening the cask coupling, the beer line with tap can be pulled out of the hollow support and be coupled to a source of hot water for being flushed. This can be done by the user himself, so that no specialized company need be employed, which is a further cost- saving factor.
- The beer in a cask placed in the cooling space can be cooled within 12 hours from ambient temperature to the ideal temperature of 5°C when, according to a still further embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerator is provided with a forced cooling element.
- One embodiment of the beer tapping installation according to the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a beer tapping installation on the line I-1 of Fig. 2;
- Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view on the line II-II of Fig. 1; and
- Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view on the line III-III of Fig. 1.
- The beer tapping installation shown in Figs. 1-3 comprises a
refrigerator 1 having acooling space 2, a cooling element 3, a forced cooling element 4 and astorage space 5. - The
cooling space 2 is accessible by means of adoor 6, thestorage space 5 by means of a door 7. Incooling space 2 is arranged a revolvingplatform 8, whose possibility of rotation is shown diagrammatically by anaxis 9. By means of an uprightperipheral edge 10 andribs 11platform 8 is divided into three surfaces, each for receiving acask storage space 5 contains provisions installing and connecting a C02 cylinder 15. - Formed in the upper wall of
refrigerator 1 is a through opening 16 terminating incooling space 5 and communicating with ahollow support 17 mounted on the upper wall ofrefrigerator 1.Hollow support 17 is closed at its top with aremovable cover 18 and is provided with aslot 19 through which extends abeer line 20 withtap 21 mounted thereon.Beer line 20 extends throughhollow support 17 and openi 16 downwardly and is provided at its lower end with acask coupling 22 having a connecting socket 23 for a C02 line, not shown, to the C02 cylinder 15 instorage space 5. -
Cask coupling 22 is coupled to thecask 12 by a screwing movement. To perform this screwing movement without rotation of thebeer line 20, which rotation would be prevented by thebeer line 20 withtap 21 extending throughslot 19,cask coupling 22 is connected to thebeer line 20 so as to be rotatable. Said rotary connection is also releasable, so that after removal ofcover 18, thebeer line 20 withtap 21 can be pulled upwardly out of thehollow support 17. As a result, beer line and tap can be cleaned separately and in a simple manner by connecting the cask coupling end of thebeer line 20 to a source of hot water and, after openingtap 21, flushing theline 20 for the desired period of time. - The following procedure is followed for the replacement of a cask.
- After shutting off the C02 supply from
cylinder 15 and removingcover 18, thecask coupling 22 is loosened with a screwing movement, which is possible because thecask coupling 22 is rotatable relative to thebeer line 20 and because thebeer line 20 can be moved upwardly relative to thecask 12 and thehollow support 17, while thetap 21 is lifted inslot 19. After looseningcask coupling 22, this is pushed upwards together with thebeer line 20 and thetap 21 to the extent that thetap 21 gets out of theslot 19, after which, through pivotal movement of thebeer line 20 and throughtap 21 bearing on the upper edge of thehollow support 17, the assembly 20-23 continues to hang in the lifted position. It is observed that the C02 line should be either uncoupled or be flexible. - Subsequently,
platform 8 is rotated to the right, as viewed in Fig. 2, in such a manner thatcask 12 comes to be in the position formerly occupied bycask 14, while simultaneouslycask 13 comes to be in the position occupied earlier bycask 12. Theempty cask 12 can now be removed fromrefrigerator 1 in a simple manner and be replaced by a new cask, whilecask 13 is then in the proper position for being connected to thebeer line 20 by means ofcask coupling 22, which is effected by performing the above uncoupling operations in the reverse order. - It appears from the above procedure that
cask 13 was present in the cooling space already longer thancask 14, so that automatically the full cask that is longest present is connected. The newly placed cask in replacement of thecask 12 will be cooled, while the through-flow time of the installation (first,cask 13 and thencask 14 will have to be emptied) will generally be sufficient to bring said cask in an optimally cooled condition before it is connected. - It will also be clear from the above description that the C02 cylinder 15 in the
storage space 5 is optimally accessible by means of door 7. - Naturally, many modifications and variants are possible without departing from the scope of the present invention. For instance, a number of casks other than three can be used with a corresponding adjustment of the revolving
platform 8. Furthermore, the entire beer tapping installation can be placed on wheels when a mobile use is desired.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL8503067 | 1985-11-08 | ||
NL8503067A NL8503067A (en) | 1985-11-08 | 1985-11-08 | BEER TAPER. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0224293A1 EP0224293A1 (en) | 1987-06-03 |
EP0224293B1 true EP0224293B1 (en) | 1990-02-07 |
Family
ID=19846828
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86201949A Expired - Lifetime EP0224293B1 (en) | 1985-11-08 | 1986-11-07 | A beer tapping installation |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0224293B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS63502024A (en) |
AU (1) | AU591739B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8606966A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3668877D1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL8503067A (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ218199A (en) |
OA (1) | OA08548A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1987002975A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA868494B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2320918A (en) * | 1997-01-06 | 1998-07-08 | Guinness Ireland Group Limited | A beverage dispense assembly |
ES2190691B1 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2004-10-16 | Juan Bravo Casado | COMPACT COOLING AND SERVICE SYSTEM FOR BEER BARRELS OF SMALL CAPACITY. |
NL1015359C2 (en) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-03 | Heineken Tech Services | Tapping device and holder therefor, as well as a method of manufacturing the same. |
FR2831531B1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2004-08-27 | Vision Chd | BEER DISTRIBUTION APPARATUS FOR PRESSURE |
NL1023430C2 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2004-11-16 | Heineken Tech Services | Beverage dispenser with a columnar cooling chamber. |
JP2015129095A (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2015-07-16 | ロレアル | composition |
US10053355B2 (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-08-21 | The Boeing Company | Adaptable insulated galley cart carbonated beverage delivery system |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2199718A (en) * | 1939-05-15 | 1940-05-07 | Ray C Ayers | Beer cooler |
DE888058C (en) * | 1951-12-16 | 1953-08-27 | Bernhard Venker Fa | Milk dispenser |
US3790032A (en) * | 1972-03-06 | 1974-02-05 | Henry J | Party keg beer dispenser apparatus |
US4350267A (en) * | 1979-12-26 | 1982-09-21 | Nelson Richard E | Portable modular beverage dispenser |
-
1985
- 1985-11-08 NL NL8503067A patent/NL8503067A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1986
- 1986-11-06 NZ NZ218199A patent/NZ218199A/en unknown
- 1986-11-07 BR BR8606966A patent/BR8606966A/en unknown
- 1986-11-07 AU AU66218/86A patent/AU591739B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-11-07 EP EP86201949A patent/EP0224293B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-11-07 JP JP61506120A patent/JPS63502024A/en active Pending
- 1986-11-07 DE DE8686201949T patent/DE3668877D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-11-07 OA OA58990A patent/OA08548A/en unknown
- 1986-11-07 WO PCT/NL1986/000037 patent/WO1987002975A1/en unknown
- 1986-11-07 ZA ZA868494A patent/ZA868494B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NZ218199A (en) | 1988-02-29 |
JPS63502024A (en) | 1988-08-11 |
WO1987002975A1 (en) | 1987-05-21 |
EP0224293A1 (en) | 1987-06-03 |
BR8606966A (en) | 1987-11-03 |
DE3668877D1 (en) | 1990-03-15 |
AU6621886A (en) | 1987-06-02 |
NL8503067A (en) | 1987-06-01 |
OA08548A (en) | 1988-09-30 |
ZA868494B (en) | 1987-07-29 |
AU591739B2 (en) | 1989-12-14 |
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