EP0221914B1 - Flame injection burner for powder- or wire- form materials - Google Patents

Flame injection burner for powder- or wire- form materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0221914B1
EP0221914B1 EP86902301A EP86902301A EP0221914B1 EP 0221914 B1 EP0221914 B1 EP 0221914B1 EP 86902301 A EP86902301 A EP 86902301A EP 86902301 A EP86902301 A EP 86902301A EP 0221914 B1 EP0221914 B1 EP 0221914B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
flame
burner
sprayer
mixing chamber
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP86902301A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0221914A1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Delaplace
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ECG Immobilier SA
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Castolin SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F23D14/52—Nozzles for torches; for blow-pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/20—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion
    • B05B7/201—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed by flame or combustion downstream of the nozzle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flame spray burner for processing powder or wire-shaped spray materials with a burner body and a burner head, the burner body having feed devices for the spray material and for a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas, and the burner head having one with a plurality of gas nozzle channels and at least one channel for the Has spray material provided nozzle part which is connected to the burner body interchangeably.
  • Flame spray burners of this type for powdery spray materials are known, for example, from DE patent 1 646 027.
  • the arrangement described therein has an annular mixing chamber in the burner body, to which fuel gas is supplied on the one hand from a common delivery channel and into which on the other hand several oxidation gas delivery channels open.
  • the mixing chamber has a relatively large volume, as a result of which a flashback or reignition into the mixing chamber, which, as practice has shown, cannot be ruled out with such a burner, can have very serious consequences.
  • the flame profile in its entirety is predetermined and cannot be adapted to individual applications.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages of the known burners and, in particular, to create a flame spray burner which is simple and easily adaptable to a wide variety of spraying conditions and applications, in particular with regard to the burner output, so that optimum spraying results are achieved can be and a significant improvement in safety in operation is guaranteed.
  • the burner body has, from the connection side with the nozzle part, accessible, elongate recesses for receiving at least two interchangeable fuel gas oxidation gas injectors, and for each injector each has its own delivery channel for the fuel gas and its own delivery channel for the oxidation gas which are connected to the corresponding input channels of the injector.
  • the injectors inserted into the recesses of the burner body partially protrude from the burner body and the nozzle part in turn has recesses for receiving the injector parts protruding from the burner body.
  • the burner according to FIGS. 1 to 3 is an autogenous powder flame spray burner with a burner head 1, which is mounted on a burner body 2 with the aid of a union nut 3.
  • the burner body receives a mixture of, for example, a connecting line 4 Flame spray powder with a carrier gas used to promote it, e.g. B. oxygen or air, and supplied via connecting lines 5 or 6 acetylene as fuel gas and oxygen as the oxidation gas. If necessary, the burner body has further connection, control and shut-off devices (not shown) for these gases and the wettable powder.
  • the burner head 1 essentially consists of a nozzle part 15.
  • the burner body 2 has a central feed channel 40, which continues in a channel 41 of the nozzle part.
  • it has three elongated, cylindrical recesses 20, 21, 22, the position of which is indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 3.
  • a fuel gas oxidation gas injector such as the injector designated 23 in FIG. 2, is interchangeably arranged.
  • Such an injector has a central mixing channel 24, into which an injector channel 25 opens on the one hand in the longitudinal direction and an intake channel 26 on the other hand in the radial direction.
  • the cross section of these input channels 25, 26 of the injector are significantly smaller than the cross section of the mixing channel.
  • the intake duct 26 communicates with the longitudinal supply duct 50 for the fuel gas via an annular supply chamber 27 formed by a recess between the body of the injector 23 and the burner body 2, and inserting one as here cylindrical injector from the angular position of the same.
  • the oxidizing gas inlet channel 25 preferably continues a feed channel 60 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the injector 23 At the end of the injector 23 opposite the gas supply, its body protrudes from the burner body and is received by a corresponding recess 30 in the nozzle part.
  • the wall parts of the injector body between the two input channels and before and after the connecting surface between the nozzle part and the burner body are connected in a sealing manner to the wall surfaces of the corresponding recesses with the aid of elastic sealing rings 7, 8, 9.
  • the recess 30 and the burner body recesses 21 and 22 opposite recesses 31 and 32 are indicated by dash-dotted lines.
  • gas nozzle channels 16 are connected to a corresponding common gas mixing chamber 17, 18, 19 in the nozzle part.
  • Each of these gas mixing chambers has an inlet opening, which is formed, for example, by a connecting channel 10 and is connected to the outlet opening of the injector.
  • the connecting channel can be formed by a bore in an intermediate part 11 arranged in the recess 30 next to the injector body.
  • the cross section of the inlet opening of the gas mixing chamber is smaller than the cross section of the outlet opening of the injector and much smaller than the cross section of the gas mixing chamber itself.
  • the total volume of fuel gas oxidizing gas delivered is distributed over several mutually independent injector mixing devices.
  • the cross-section of the injector channel in particular is adapted to the given fuel gas pressure, so that it can be achieved in an uncritical manner that even with a relatively low fuel gas pressure, suction power sufficient for the desired mixture is achieved by increasing the rate of oxidation gas.
  • the other dimensions of an injector are also optimally coordinated with each other.
  • the distribution of the mixing volumes over several independent injectors is of decisive advantage when dimensioning them, particularly as far as the injector channel is concerned, since the conditions are less critical, both mechanically and in terms of flow technology.
  • the effect of such a flashback or reignition is limited to the corresponding partial volume, so that the corresponding risk is not only significantly reduced in frequency but also in scope.
  • the arrangement of several independent, individually interchangeable injector devices also allows, on the one hand, to select the injectors corresponding to the desired burner output and, on the other hand, to insert different injectors into the individual recesses, and thus the profile of the flame is variable over the entire circumference of the nozzle part and in accordance with a specific application to design.
  • a nozzle part in which the mixing chambers 17, 18, 19 are either combined in a single annular chamber or are shaped such that any assignment of the individual nozzle channels 16 to the injectors used in the recesses 20, 21 and 22 is achieved is coming.
  • these injectors can have a different output and, if appropriate, can even be designed as a closure part for the corresponding recess in the burner body, ie as a hermetic closure of the associated gas supply channels 50, 60, as a result of which a particularly stark asymmetry of the flame profile can be achieved.
  • the construction described here in which the injectors protrude from the burner body, permits particularly simple replacement by hand without special tools.
  • the sealing means are also important in this context, elastic sealing rings preferably being provided between the injector body and the burner body on the one hand and the nozzle part on the other. It should also be noted that the nozzle part itself can be of very simple construction and therefore the cost of replacing this wearing part can be kept low.
  • FIGS. 4 to 9 show various further exemplary embodiments of the burner head, the parts of the same design being designated with the same reference numbers as in the previous figures.
  • FIG. 4 shows a nozzle part 12, in which nozzle channels 33, 34 are arranged at different radial distances.
  • the individual nozzle channels are again connected to mixing chambers, such as 35, 36, and the shape of these mixing chambers and the arrangement of the inlet openings can be selected such that any gas nozzle channels can be fed from a given injector with only design restrictions.
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 4 has an injector 37, the mouth end 38 of which widens conically and projects into an intermediate part 39 with two connecting channels 42, 43. The expansion of the gas mixture thus occurring at the end of the mouth and the subsequent acceleration in the channels 42, 43 already bring about good mixing at this point, which is followed by a further mixture in the chambers 35 and 36, respectively.
  • Fig. 5 shows a nozzle part 13, which is similar to that shown in Fig. 2, but in which the mixing chamber 44 has a projection 45 which divides this mixing chamber into two sub-chambers connected by a constriction and thus a further improvement in Mixing causes.
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a nozzle part 14, in which the mixing chamber, here 46, is subdivided into two partial chambers by an insert part 47, which is fitted into the recess forming the mixing chamber. This can be advantageous, among other things, for manufacturing reasons.
  • FIG. 7 shows an arrangement in which the mixing chamber 46 of the nozzle part has a movable insert part 48, which is designed, for example, as a thin disk and is kept away from the outlet-side rear wall of the mixing chamber by a spacer 49.
  • the forced deflection of the gases results in an even better mixing before they enter the nozzle channel.
  • the arrangement is such that the distances a are smaller than b and b are smaller than c.
  • pins can be used as spacers 56, which are either permanently connected to the mixing chamber wall or to the insert.
  • FIG. 9 shows another form of dividing a mixing chamber into two successive subchambers 57 and 58. Both mixing chambers are separated from one another by an insert part 59 within a common recess of the nozzle part 29 and are connected via one or more bores, such as 61.
  • the cross section of the second gas mixing chamber 58 is substantially larger than that of the connecting channel or the entirety of the connecting channels 61 and of course also larger than that of the total of the outlet openings of this mixing chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

The burner body (2) comprises elongate recesses (20, 21, 22) which are accessible from the side where the body (2) is connected to the base (15) and which receive at least two interchangeable fuel gas-oxidation gas injectors (23). Each injector is provided with a feed channel (50) for the fuel gas and a feed channel (60) for the oxidation gas. The power and the flame profile of the burner may easily be adapted by the user to the different utilisations of the burner.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Flammspritzbrenner zur Verarbeitung pulver-oder drahtförmiger Spritzwerkstoffe mit einem Brennerkörper und einem Brennerkopf, wobei der Brennerkörper Zuführvorrichtungen für den Spritzwerkstoff sowie für ein Brenngas und ein Oxydationsgas aufweist und wobei der Brennerkopf einen mit einer Mehrzahl von Gasdüsenkanälen und mindestens einem Kanal für den Spritzwerkstoff versehenen Düsenteil aufweist, der mit dem Brennerkörper auswechselbar verbunden ist.The invention relates to a flame spray burner for processing powder or wire-shaped spray materials with a burner body and a burner head, the burner body having feed devices for the spray material and for a fuel gas and an oxidizing gas, and the burner head having one with a plurality of gas nozzle channels and at least one channel for the Has spray material provided nozzle part which is connected to the burner body interchangeably.

Flammspritzbrenner dieser Art für pulverförmige Spritzwerkstoffe sind beispielsweise aus der DE-Patentschrift 1 646 027 bekannt. Die darin beschriebene Anordnung weist im Brennerkörper eine ringförmige Mischkammer auf, der einerseits aus einem gemeinsamen Förderkanal Brenngas zugeführt wird und in welche andererseits mehrere Oxydationsgas-Förderkanäle einmünden. Die Mischkammer besitzt dabei ein relativ grosses Volumen, wodurch ein Flammenrückschlag bzw. eine Rückzündung bis in die Mischkammer, die sich, wie die Praxis gezeigt hat, bei einem solchen Brenner nicht ausschliessen lassen, sehr schwerwiegende Folgen nach sich ziehen können.Flame spray burners of this type for powdery spray materials are known, for example, from DE patent 1 646 027. The arrangement described therein has an annular mixing chamber in the burner body, to which fuel gas is supplied on the one hand from a common delivery channel and into which on the other hand several oxidation gas delivery channels open. The mixing chamber has a relatively large volume, as a result of which a flashback or reignition into the mixing chamber, which, as practice has shown, cannot be ruled out with such a burner, can have very serious consequences.

Bei einer solchen bekannten Brennerkonstruktion ist ferner eine Änderung der Flammenenergie nur schwer möglich und erfordert das Eingreifen eines Fachmanns, um beim Auswechseln des Mischorgans die erforderliche Sicherheit zu gewährleisten. Dies macht eine Umstellung bei der Verarbeitung von verschiedenartigen Spritzwerkstoffen problematisch.In such a known burner design, it is also difficult to change the flame energy and requires the intervention of a specialist in order to ensure the necessary safety when changing the mixing element. This makes a change in the processing of different types of spray materials problematic.

Ein weiterer bedeutender Nachteil eines solchen Brenners besteht darin, dass er an die in einzelnen Ländern bestehenden Vorschriften bezüglich des maximal zugelassenen Brenngasdruckes nicht oder nur sehr schwer angepasst werden kann, da dabei die notwendige Saugleistung im Injektor eine Oxydationsgasgeschwindigkeit erfordert, die bereits im kritischen Bereich liegt.Another significant disadvantage of such a burner is that it cannot or only very difficult to adapt to the existing regulations in individual countries regarding the maximum permitted fuel gas pressure, since the necessary suction power in the injector requires an oxidizing gas speed that is already in the critical range .

Ferner ist bei einem Brenner der bekannten Art das Flammenprofil in seiner Gesamtheit vorgegeben und nicht einzelnen Anwendungsfällen anpassbar.Furthermore, in the case of a burner of the known type, the flame profile in its entirety is predetermined and cannot be adapted to individual applications.

Um die Auswirkungen eines Flammenrückschlages möglichst gering zu halten, wurde andererseits vorgeschlagen, die Gasmischung erst im Düsenteil vorzunehmen. Bei einem solchen Brenner ist jedoch die Durchmischung der Gase nicht zufriedenstellend, da der Gasweg nach der Mischung zu kurz ist und auch die Möglichkeit wegfällt, durch konstruktive Mittel die Durchmischung zu verbessern. Die Ausnutzung der optimalen Flammengeschwindigkeit ist daher in einem solchen Brenner nicht möglich, und die Unregelmässigkeit der einzelnen Flammenkegel beeinträchtigt die Qualität der gespritzten Schichten.On the other hand, in order to keep the effects of a flashback as low as possible, it was proposed to mix the gas only in the nozzle part. In such a burner, however, the mixing of the gases is unsatisfactory, since the gas path after the mixing is too short and there is also no possibility of improving the mixing by constructive means. It is therefore not possible to use the optimum flame speed in such a burner, and the irregularity of the individual flame cones impairs the quality of the sprayed layers.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die oben genannten Nachteile der bekannten Brenner zu beseitigen und insbesondere einen Flammspritzbrenner zu schaffen, der einfach und vom Benutzer selbst problemlos an die verschiedensten Spritzbedingungen und Anwendungsfälle anpassbar ist, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Brennerleistung, so dass optimale Spritzergebnisse erzielt werden können und eine wesentliche Verbesserung der Sicherheit im Betrieb gewährleistet ist.The object of the invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages of the known burners and, in particular, to create a flame spray burner which is simple and easily adaptable to a wide variety of spraying conditions and applications, in particular with regard to the burner output, so that optimum spraying results are achieved can be and a significant improvement in safety in operation is guaranteed.

Dies wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch erreicht, dass der Brennerkörper von der Verbindungsseite mit dem Düsenteil aus zugängliche, längliche Ausnehmungen zur Aufnahme von mindestens zwei auswechselbaren Brenngas-Oxydationsgas-Injektoren sowie für jeden Injektor jeweils einen eigenen Förderkanal für das Brenngas und einen eigenen Förderkanal für das Oxydationsgas aufweist, welche mit den entsprechenden Eingangskanälen des Injektors in Verbindung stehen.This is achieved according to the invention in that the burner body has, from the connection side with the nozzle part, accessible, elongate recesses for receiving at least two interchangeable fuel gas oxidation gas injectors, and for each injector each has its own delivery channel for the fuel gas and its own delivery channel for the oxidation gas which are connected to the corresponding input channels of the injector.

Vorzugsweise ragen die in die Ausnehmungen des Brenner körpers eingesetzten Injektoren teilweise aus dem Brennerkörper heraus und weist der Düsenteil seinerseits Ausnehmun gen zur Aufnahme der aus dem Brennerkörper herausragenden Injektorteile auf.Preferably, the injectors inserted into the recesses of the burner body partially protrude from the burner body and the nozzle part in turn has recesses for receiving the injector parts protruding from the burner body.

Spezielle Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind insbesondere in den Patentansprüchen 2 bis 15 beschrieben. Weitere Aspekte der Erfindung gehen aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels und verschiedener Varianten desselben hervor, die zum Teil in der beigefügten Zeichnung veranschaulicht sind.Special embodiments of the invention are described in particular in claims 2 to 15. Further aspects of the invention emerge from the following description of an exemplary embodiment and various variants thereof, some of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawing.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Gesamtansicht eines erfindungsgemässen Flammspritzbrenners;
  • Fig. 2 einen halben Axialschnitt des vorderen Teils des Brennerkörpers und des Düsenteils des Flammspritzbrenners von Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt entlang der Linie 111-111 von Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 einen teilweisen Axialschnitt eines Brennerkopfes gemäss einer Ausführungsvariante;
  • Fig. 5 einen Axialschnitt eines Düsenteils entsprechend einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante, und die Figuren 6 - 8 weitere Ausführungsvarianten eines Düsenteils für einen erfindungsgemassen Flammspritzbrenner.
Show it:
  • 1 shows an overall view of a flame spray burner according to the invention;
  • FIG. 2 shows a half axial section of the front part of the burner body and the nozzle part of the flame spray burner from FIG. 1;
  • 3 shows a section along the line 111-111 of FIG. 2.
  • 4 shows a partial axial section of a burner head according to an embodiment variant;
  • 5 shows an axial section of a nozzle part in accordance with a further embodiment variant, and FIGS. 6-8 show further embodiment variants of a nozzle part for a flame spray burner according to the invention.

Der Brenner gemäss den Fig. 1 bis 3 ist ein autogener Pulver-Flammspritzbrenner mit einem Brennerkopf 1, der auf einem Brennerkörper 2 mit Hilfe einer Überwurfmutter 3 montiert ist. Dem Brennerkörper wird beispielsweise über eine Anschlussleitung 4 ein Gemisch eines Flammspritzpulvers mit einem zu dessen Förderung dienenden Trägergas, z. B. Sauerstoff oder Luft, zugeführt, sowie über Anschlussleitungen 5 bzw. 6 Azetylen als Brenngas und Sauerstoff als Oxydationsgas. Gegebenenfalls weist der Brennerkörper weitere nicht dargestellte Anschluss-, Regel- und Absperrvorrichtungen für diese Gase und das Spritzpulver auf.The burner according to FIGS. 1 to 3 is an autogenous powder flame spray burner with a burner head 1, which is mounted on a burner body 2 with the aid of a union nut 3. The burner body receives a mixture of, for example, a connecting line 4 Flame spray powder with a carrier gas used to promote it, e.g. B. oxygen or air, and supplied via connecting lines 5 or 6 acetylene as fuel gas and oxygen as the oxidation gas. If necessary, the burner body has further connection, control and shut-off devices (not shown) for these gases and the wettable powder.

Der Brennerkopf 1 besteht gemäss Fig. 2 im wesentlichen aus einem Düsenteil 15. Der Brennerkörper 2 weist im vorliegenden Beispiel einen zentralen Zuführungskanal 40 auf, der sich in einem Kanal 41 des Düsenteils fortsetzt. Ferner besitzt er drei längliche, zylindrische Ausnehmungen 20, 21, 22, deren Lage in Fig. 3 strichpunktiert angedeutet ist. In diesen zum Düsenteil 15 hin offenen Ausnehmungen ist je ein Brenngas-Oxydationsgas-Injektor, wie der in Fig. 2 mit 23 bezeichnete Injektor, auswechselbar angeordnet.According to FIG. 2, the burner head 1 essentially consists of a nozzle part 15. In the present example, the burner body 2 has a central feed channel 40, which continues in a channel 41 of the nozzle part. Furthermore, it has three elongated, cylindrical recesses 20, 21, 22, the position of which is indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 3. In each of these recesses, which are open towards the nozzle part 15, a fuel gas oxidation gas injector, such as the injector designated 23 in FIG. 2, is interchangeably arranged.

Ein solcher Injektor weist einen zentralen Mischkanal 24 auf, in den einerseits in Längsrichtung ein Injektorkanal 25 und andererseits in Radialrichtung ein Ansaugkanal 26 einmünden. Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, sind die Querschnitt dieser Eingangskanäle 25, 26 des Injektors wesentlich kleiner als der Querschnitt des Mischkanals.Such an injector has a central mixing channel 24, into which an injector channel 25 opens on the one hand in the longitudinal direction and an intake channel 26 on the other hand in the radial direction. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the cross section of these input channels 25, 26 of the injector are significantly smaller than the cross section of the mixing channel.

Der Ansaugkanal 26 steht mit dem in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Zufuhrkanal 50 für das Brenngas in Verbindung, und zwar über eine ringförmige Zuführungs-Kammer 27, die durch eine Aussparung zwischen dem Körper des Injektors 23 und dem Brennerkörper 2 gebildet wird, und das Einsetzen eines wie hier zylindrischen Injektors von der Winkellage desselben unabhängig macht.The intake duct 26 communicates with the longitudinal supply duct 50 for the fuel gas via an annular supply chamber 27 formed by a recess between the body of the injector 23 and the burner body 2, and inserting one as here cylindrical injector from the angular position of the same.

Der Oxydationsgas-Eingangskanal 25 setzt einen Zufuhrkanal 60 vorzugsweise in Längsrichtung fort.The oxidizing gas inlet channel 25 preferably continues a feed channel 60 in the longitudinal direction.

An dem der Gaszuführung entgegengesetzten Ende des Injektors 23 ragt dessen Körper aus dem Brennerkörper heraus und wird von einer entsprechenden Ausnehmung 30 des Düsenteils aufgenommen. Die Wandteile des Injektorkörpers zwischen den beiden Eingangskanälen sowie vor und nach der Verbindungsfläche zwischen Düsenteil und Brennerkörper sind mit Hilfe von elastischen Dichtungsringen 7, 8, 9 mit den Wandflächen der entsprechenden Ausnehmungen dichtend verbunden. In Fig. 3 sind die Ausnehmung 30 sowie den Brennerkörper-Ausnehmungen 21 und 22 gegenüberliegende Ausnehmungen 31 und 32 strich-punktiert angedeutet.At the end of the injector 23 opposite the gas supply, its body protrudes from the burner body and is received by a corresponding recess 30 in the nozzle part. The wall parts of the injector body between the two input channels and before and after the connecting surface between the nozzle part and the burner body are connected in a sealing manner to the wall surfaces of the corresponding recesses with the aid of elastic sealing rings 7, 8, 9. In Fig. 3 the recess 30 and the burner body recesses 21 and 22 opposite recesses 31 and 32 are indicated by dash-dotted lines.

Im Düsenteil stehen beim vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel mehrere, hier jeweils drei, Gasdüsenkanäle 16 mit einer entsprechenden gemeinsammen Gasmischkammer 17,18,19 in Verbindung. Jede dieser Gasmischkammern weist eine Eingangsöffnung auf, die beispielsweise durch einen Verbindungskanal 10 gebildet wird und mit der Ausgangsöffnung des Injektors verbunden ist. Der Verbindungskanal kann durch eine Bohrung in einem anschliessend an den Injektorkörper in der Ausnehmung 30 angeordneten Zwischenteil 11 gebildet werden. Der Querschnitt der Eingangsöffnung der Gasmischkammer ist dabei kleiner als der Querschnitt der Ausgangsöffnung des Injektors und wesentlich kleiner als der Querschnitt der Gasmischkammer selbst.In the present exemplary embodiment, several, here in each case three, gas nozzle channels 16 are connected to a corresponding common gas mixing chamber 17, 18, 19 in the nozzle part. Each of these gas mixing chambers has an inlet opening, which is formed, for example, by a connecting channel 10 and is connected to the outlet opening of the injector. The connecting channel can be formed by a bore in an intermediate part 11 arranged in the recess 30 next to the injector body. The cross section of the inlet opening of the gas mixing chamber is smaller than the cross section of the outlet opening of the injector and much smaller than the cross section of the gas mixing chamber itself.

Wie aus der vorstehend beschriebenen Anordnung hervorgeht, wird gemäss der Erfindung das gesamte geförderte Brenngas-Oxydationsgas-Volumen auf mehrere voneinander unabhängige Injektormischvorrichtungen verteilt. In jeder dieser Mischvorrichtungen ist dabei insbesondere der Querschnitt des Injektorkanals an den gegebenen Brenngasdruck angepasst, womit in unkritischer Weise erreichbar ist, dass auch bei relativ niedrigem Brenngasdruck durch Erhöhung der Oxydationsgasgeschwindigkeit eine für das gewünschte Gemisch ausreichende Saugleistung erzielt wird.As can be seen from the arrangement described above, according to the invention, the total volume of fuel gas oxidizing gas delivered is distributed over several mutually independent injector mixing devices. In each of these mixing devices, the cross-section of the injector channel in particular is adapted to the given fuel gas pressure, so that it can be achieved in an uncritical manner that even with a relatively low fuel gas pressure, suction power sufficient for the desired mixture is achieved by increasing the rate of oxidation gas.

Auch die übrigen Dimensionen eines Injektors werden jeweils optimal aufeinander abgestimmt. Die Aufteilung der Mischvolumen auf mehrere unabhängige Injektoren ist bei deren Dimensionierung, insbesondere was den Injektorkanal betrifft, von entscheidendem Vorteil, da die Verhältnisse sowohl in mechanischer als auch in strömungstechnischer Hinsicht dabei weniger kritisch sind. Ferner ist auch bei einem allfälligen Flammenrückschlag in einem der Gaswege die Auswirkung eines solchen Rückschlags bzw. einer Rückzündung auf das entsprechende Teilvolumen beschränkt, so dass das entsprechende Risiko nicht nur in seiner Häufigkeit, sondern auch in seinem Umfang erheblich verringert ist.The other dimensions of an injector are also optimally coordinated with each other. The distribution of the mixing volumes over several independent injectors is of decisive advantage when dimensioning them, particularly as far as the injector channel is concerned, since the conditions are less critical, both mechanically and in terms of flow technology. Furthermore, even in the event of a flashback in one of the gas paths, the effect of such a flashback or reignition is limited to the corresponding partial volume, so that the corresponding risk is not only significantly reduced in frequency but also in scope.

Die Durchmischung der Gase mit Hilfe von mehreren unabhängigen Injektoranordnungen erweist sich bereits auf dieser Ebene als wesentlich besser als mittels der üblichen grösseren aus einem einzigen Brenngaskanal gespeisten Mischkammer. Die Durchmischung wird bei dem vorliegenden Brenner im übrigen noch durch konstruktive Massnahmen auf der Ebene des Düsenteils, z. B. durch die bereits erwähnte Mischkammer 17, weiter verbessert.The mixing of the gases with the aid of several independent injector arrangements already proves to be considerably better at this level than by means of the usual larger mixing chamber fed from a single fuel gas channel. The mixing is in the present burner otherwise by constructive measures at the level of the nozzle part, for. B. further improved by the aforementioned mixing chamber 17.

Die Anordnung von mehreren unabhängigen, einzeln austauschbaren Injektorvorrichtungen erlaubt ferner, einerseits die Injektoren der gewünschten Brennerleistung entsprechend zu wählen und andererseits auch unterschiedliche Injektoren in die einzelnen Ausnehmungen einzusetzen, und damit das Profil der Flamme über den gesamten Umfang des Düsenteils veränderlich und entsprechend einem bestimmten Anwendungsfall zu gestalten. Dazu kommt noch die Möglichkeit, durch verschiedene Düsenteile mit jeweils verschiedenen Anordnungen der Düsenkanäle und der Mischkammern die Zuordnung der einzelnen Gasdüsen zu einem bestimmten Injektor in äusserst weitem Umfang zu variieren. So kann beispielsweise bei dem vorstehend beschriebenen Brenner ein Düsenteil verwendet werden, bei dem die Mischkammern 17,18,19 entweder in einer einzigen Ringkammer zusammengefasst sind, oder so geformt sind, dass eine beliebige Zuordnung der einzelnen Düsenkanäle 16 zu den in die Ausnehmungen 20, 21 und 22 eingesetzten Injektoren zustande kommt. Diese Injektoren können, wie bereits erwähnt, eine unterschiedliche Leistung besitzen und gegebenenfalls sogar als ein Verschlussteil für die entsprechende Ausnehmung im Brennerkörper ausgebildet sein, d. h. als hermetischer Verschluss der zugehörigen Gaszuführkanäle 50, 60, wodurch eine besonders krasse Asymmetrie des Flammenprofils erzielbar ist.The arrangement of several independent, individually interchangeable injector devices also allows, on the one hand, to select the injectors corresponding to the desired burner output and, on the other hand, to insert different injectors into the individual recesses, and thus the profile of the flame is variable over the entire circumference of the nozzle part and in accordance with a specific application to design. In addition, there is the possibility of varying the assignment of the individual gas nozzles to a specific injector to an extremely large extent using different nozzle parts, each with different arrangements of the nozzle channels and the mixing chambers. For example, in the above described burner, a nozzle part can be used, in which the mixing chambers 17, 18, 19 are either combined in a single annular chamber or are shaped such that any assignment of the individual nozzle channels 16 to the injectors used in the recesses 20, 21 and 22 is achieved is coming. As already mentioned, these injectors can have a different output and, if appropriate, can even be designed as a closure part for the corresponding recess in the burner body, ie as a hermetic closure of the associated gas supply channels 50, 60, as a result of which a particularly stark asymmetry of the flame profile can be achieved.

Die hier beschriebene Konstruktion bei der die Injektoren aus dem Brennerkörper herausragen, erlaubt eine besonders einfache Auswechslung derselben von Hand, ohne spezielle Werkzeuge. In diesem Zusammenhang sind auch die Dichtungsmittel von Bedeutung, wobei vorzugsweise elastische Dichtungsringe zwischen dem Injektorkörper und dem Brennerkörper einerseits und dem Düsenteil andererseits vorgesehen sind. Ferner ist zu bemerken, dass der Düsenteil selbst sehr einfach aufgebaut sein kann und daher die Kosten eines Ersatzes dieses Verschleissteils gering gehalten werden.The construction described here, in which the injectors protrude from the burner body, permits particularly simple replacement by hand without special tools. The sealing means are also important in this context, elastic sealing rings preferably being provided between the injector body and the burner body on the one hand and the nozzle part on the other. It should also be noted that the nozzle part itself can be of very simple construction and therefore the cost of replacing this wearing part can be kept low.

Die Figuren 4 bis 9 zeigen verschiedene weitere Ausführungsbeispiele des Brennerkopfes, wobei jeweils die gleich ausgebildeten Teile mit denselben Bezugsziffern wie in den vorhergehenden Figuren bezeichnet sind.FIGS. 4 to 9 show various further exemplary embodiments of the burner head, the parts of the same design being designated with the same reference numbers as in the previous figures.

Fig. 4 zeigt ein Düsenteil 12, bei dem Düsenkanäle 33, 34 in verschiedenen radialen Abständen angeordnet sind. Die einzelnen Düsenkanäle sind wieder mit Mischkammern, wie 35, 36, in Verbindung, wobei die Form dieser Mischkammern und die Anordnung der Eingangsöffnungen so gewählt sein können, dass mit lediglich konstruktiven Einschränkungen beliebige Gasdüsenkanäle von einem gegebenen Injektor aus gespeist werden können. Die Ausführung nach Fig. 4 weist einen Injektor 37 auf, dessen Mündungsende 38 sich konisch erweitert und in ein Zwischenteil 39 mit zwei Verbindungskanälen 42, 43 hineinragt. Die somit am Mündungsende auftretende Entspannung des Gasgemisches und die darauffolgende Beschleunigung in den Kanälen 42, 43 bewirkt bereits eine gute Durchmischung an dieser Stelle, der eine weitere Mischung in den Kammern 35 bzw. 36 folgt.4 shows a nozzle part 12, in which nozzle channels 33, 34 are arranged at different radial distances. The individual nozzle channels are again connected to mixing chambers, such as 35, 36, and the shape of these mixing chambers and the arrangement of the inlet openings can be selected such that any gas nozzle channels can be fed from a given injector with only design restrictions. The embodiment according to FIG. 4 has an injector 37, the mouth end 38 of which widens conically and projects into an intermediate part 39 with two connecting channels 42, 43. The expansion of the gas mixture thus occurring at the end of the mouth and the subsequent acceleration in the channels 42, 43 already bring about good mixing at this point, which is followed by a further mixture in the chambers 35 and 36, respectively.

Fig. 5 zeigt ein Düsenteil 13, das ähnlich dem in Fig. 2 gezeigten ausgebildet ist, bei dem jedoch die Mischkammer 44 einen Vorsprung 45 aufweist, der diese Mischkammer in zwei über eine Verengung miteinander in Verbindung stehende Teilkammern unterteilt und damit eine weitere Verbesserung der Durchmischung bewirkt.Fig. 5 shows a nozzle part 13, which is similar to that shown in Fig. 2, but in which the mixing chamber 44 has a projection 45 which divides this mixing chamber into two sub-chambers connected by a constriction and thus a further improvement in Mixing causes.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine Ausführung eines Düsenteils 14, bei dem die Unterteilung der Mischkammer, hier 46, in zwei Teilkammern durch ein Einsatzteil 47 erfolgt, welches in die die Mischkammer bildende Ausnehmung eingepasst ist. Dies kann unter anderem aus fertigungstechnischen Gründen von Vorteil sein.FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a nozzle part 14, in which the mixing chamber, here 46, is subdivided into two partial chambers by an insert part 47, which is fitted into the recess forming the mixing chamber. This can be advantageous, among other things, for manufacturing reasons.

Fig. 7 zeigt eine Anordnung, bei der die Mischkammer 46 des Düsenteils ein bewegliches Einsatzteil 48 aufweist, das beispielsweise als dünne Scheibe ausgebildet ist und von der ausgangsseitigen Rückwand der Mischkammer durch ein Distanzstück 49 ferngehalten wird. Durch die zwangsweise Umlenkung der Gase erfolgt eine noch bessere Durchmischung vor dem Eintritt derselben in den Düsenkanal.FIG. 7 shows an arrangement in which the mixing chamber 46 of the nozzle part has a movable insert part 48, which is designed, for example, as a thin disk and is kept away from the outlet-side rear wall of the mixing chamber by a spacer 49. The forced deflection of the gases results in an even better mixing before they enter the nozzle channel.

Fig. 8 zeigt ebenfalls eine Ausführung eines Düsenteils, hier 28, mit einem beweglichen Einsatzteil 51 in einer Mischkammer 52, welche beispielsweise in der Schnittebene mit drei Düsenkanälen 53, 54, 55 in Verbindung steht. Distanzstücke 56 sorgen wieder dafür, dass eine Minimaldistanz zwischen dem Einsatzteil und den Austrittsöffnungen der Mischkammer eingehalten wird. Die Wandabstände des Einsatzteils wurden in Fig. 8 mit "a", "b" und "c" bezeichnet und besitzen zur Erzielung einer optimalen Durchmischung folgende Werte:

  • a: zwischen 0,05 und 0,5 mm,
  • b: zwischen 0,1 und 3 mm,
  • c:zwischen 0,2 und 10 mm,
  • vorzugsweise zwischen 0,5 und 8 mm bzw. 1 und 7 mm.
FIG. 8 also shows an embodiment of a nozzle part, here 28, with a movable insert part 51 in a mixing chamber 52, which is connected to three nozzle channels 53, 54, 55 in the sectional plane, for example. Spacers 56 again ensure that a minimum distance between the insert and the outlet openings of the mixing chamber is maintained. The wall clearances of the insert were designated "a", "b" and "c" in FIG. 8 and have the following values in order to achieve optimal mixing:
  • a: between 0.05 and 0.5 mm,
  • b: between 0.1 and 3 mm,
  • c: between 0.2 and 10 mm,
  • preferably between 0.5 and 8 mm or 1 and 7 mm.

Die Anordnung ist im einzelnen so getroffen, dass die Abstände a kleiner als b und b kleiner als c sind. Als Distanzstücke 56 können insbesondere Stifte verwendet werden, die entweder mit der Mischkammerwand oder mit dem Einsatzteil fest verbunden sind.The arrangement is such that the distances a are smaller than b and b are smaller than c. In particular, pins can be used as spacers 56, which are either permanently connected to the mixing chamber wall or to the insert.

Fig. 9 zeigt eine andere Form der Unterteilung einer Mischkammer in zwei aufeinanderfolgende Teilkammern 57 und 58. Beide Mischkammern sind durch ein Einsatzteil 59 innerhalb einer gemeinsamen Ausnehmung des Düsenteils 29 voneinander getrennt und über eine oder mehrere Bohrungen, wie 61, verbunden. Der Querschnitt der zweiten Gasmischkammer 58 ist dabei wesentlich grösser als derjenige des Verbindungskanals bzw. der Gesamtheit der Verbindungskanäle 61 und natürlich auch grösser als derjenige der Gesamtheit der Ausgangsöffnungen dieser Mischkammer.9 shows another form of dividing a mixing chamber into two successive subchambers 57 and 58. Both mixing chambers are separated from one another by an insert part 59 within a common recess of the nozzle part 29 and are connected via one or more bores, such as 61. The cross section of the second gas mixing chamber 58 is substantially larger than that of the connecting channel or the entirety of the connecting channels 61 and of course also larger than that of the total of the outlet openings of this mixing chamber.

Varianten der hier beschriebenen Ausführungsformen liegen im Bereich des Fachmanns und ermöglichen im Rahmen des grundsätzlichen Aufbaus gemäss der Erfindung eine optimale Anpassung des Brenners an die verschiedensten Anwendungsfälle.Variants of the embodiments described here are within the scope of the person skilled in the art and, within the framework of the basic structure according to the invention, enable the burner to be optimally adapted to the most varied of applications.

Dies gilt sowohl für das gezeigte Beispiel eines Pulverflammspritzbrenners als auch für die an sich bekannten Brenner für drahtförmige Spritzwerkstoffe, bei denen beispielsweise durch Kanäle wie 40, 41 in Fig. 2 ein Spritzdraht vorgeschoben wird und der Düsenteil geeignete zusätzliche, meist mit Luft gespeiste Düsen aufweist.This applies both to the example of a powder flame spray burner shown and to the burners known per se for wire-shaped spray materials, in which a spray wire is advanced, for example, through channels such as 40, 41 in FIG. 2 and the nozzle part has suitable additional, mostly air-fed nozzles .

Claims (16)

1. Flame-sprayer burner for using spraying materials in the form of powder or wire, comprising a burner body (2) and a burner head (1), the burner body comprising supply means (40, 50, 60) for the material to be sprayed and also for a fuel gas and an oxidation gas, and the burner head comprising a nozzle portion (15) provided with a plurality of gas nozzle passages (16) and at least one passage (17) for the material being sprayed, said nozzle portion (15) being connected to the burner body so as to be interchangeable, characterised in that the burner body (2), from the side for connection to the nozzle part (15), comprises accessible elongated recesses or openings (20, 21, 22) for receiving at least two replaceable combustion gas-oxidation gas injectors (23), and also, for each injector, in each case always a particular feed channel (50) for the combustible gas and a particular feed channel (60) for the oxidation gas, such channels communicating with the corresponding inlet channels (26, 25) of the injector.
2. Flame-sprayer burner according to claim 1, characterised in that the nozzle part (15) comprises at least one first gas-mixing chamber (17), which communicates on one side, through at least one inlet opening (10), with the outlet opening of at least one injector and, on the other side, with at least one gas nozzle passage (16), the cross-section of thin inlet opening being smaller than the cross-section of the outlet opening of the injector and substantially smaller than the cross-section of the gas-mixing chamber after the inlet opening.
3. Flame-sprayer burner according to claim 2, characterised in that the injectors have an outlet opening which widens out.
4. Flame-sprayer burner according to claim 1, characterised in that it comprises at least one closure part inserted in place of an injector into the corresponding opening of the burner body, by which closure part the combustible gas and oxidation gas passages for the injector are closed off.
5. Flame-sprayer burner according to claim 2, characterised in that the first gas-mixing chambers (17, 18, 19) between inlet and outlet openings for the gas mixture comprise a constriction.
6. Flame-sprayer burner according to claim 2, characterzised in that the first gas-mixing chambers (17, 18, 19) between inlet and outlet openings for the gas mixture contain a movably arranged insert part (48, 51).
7. Flame-sprayer burner according to claim 6, characterised in that the wall spacings of the insert part in the gas-mixing chamber increase from the inlet opening to the outlet opening of the chamber.
8. Flame-sprayer burner according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the distance (a) between the insert part and that wall of the gas-mixing chamber which surrounds the inlet opening is between 0.05 and 0.5 mm.
9. Flame-sprayer burner according to one of the claims 6 - 8, characterised in that the distance (c) between the insert part and the wall surrounding the outlet opening of the gas-mixing chamber is between 0.2 and 10 mm., advantageously between 0.5 and 8 mm or respectively between 1 and 7 mm.
10. Flame-sprayer burner according to one of the claims 6 - 9, characterised in that the insert part (48, 51) is of plate-like form and is provided with spacer elements (49, 50) for maintaining a minimal spacing, at least from that wall which surrounds the outlet opening of the mixing chamber.
11. Flame-sprayer burner according to claim 2, characterised in that the nozzle portion (15) comprises at least one second gas- mixing chamber, which on one side communicates by way of a connecting passage with at least a first gas-mixing chamber, the cross- section of the second mixing chamber adjoining the connecting duct being larger than that of the joining connecting passage, and which communicates on the other side with at least one gas nozzle duct.
12. Flame-sprayer burner according to claim 2 or 11, characterised in that a first gas-mixing chamber communicates with at least two second gas-mixing chambers which communicate with separate gas nozzle ducts.
13. Flame-sprayer burner according to claim 2, characterised in that it comprises at least two first gas-mixing chambers (35, 36).
14. Flame-sprayer burner according to claim 2 or 13, characterised in that each gas-mixing chamber communicates with at least two gas- nozzle passages.
15. Flame-sprayer burner according to one of the preceding claims, charactermsed in that the injectors (23) inserted into the openings of the burner body partially project from the burner body (2) and the nozzle portion in its turn comprises openings (30) for receiving the injector parts projecting from the burner body.
16. Flame-sprayer burner according to claim 15, characterised in that it comprises elastic sealing means (7, 8, 9) between each injector and the corresponding openings of the burner body and of the nozzle part.
EP86902301A 1985-05-01 1986-04-28 Flame injection burner for powder- or wire- form materials Expired EP0221914B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1841/85 1985-05-01
CH1841/85A CH664301A5 (en) 1985-05-01 1985-05-01 FLAME SPRAYING BURNER FOR PROCESSING POWDER OR WIRE SHAPED INJECTION MATERIALS.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0221914A1 EP0221914A1 (en) 1987-05-20
EP0221914B1 true EP0221914B1 (en) 1988-11-02

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EP (1) EP0221914B1 (en)
CH (1) CH664301A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3661055D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1986006302A1 (en)

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WO1986006302A1 (en) 1986-11-06
EP0221914A1 (en) 1987-05-20
US4784321A (en) 1988-11-15
CH664301A5 (en) 1988-02-29
DE3661055D1 (en) 1988-12-08

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