EP0220941A1 - Composition d'encollage pour papier - Google Patents
Composition d'encollage pour papier Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0220941A1 EP0220941A1 EP86308244A EP86308244A EP0220941A1 EP 0220941 A1 EP0220941 A1 EP 0220941A1 EP 86308244 A EP86308244 A EP 86308244A EP 86308244 A EP86308244 A EP 86308244A EP 0220941 A1 EP0220941 A1 EP 0220941A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition according
- weight
- ketene dimer
- dispersion
- range
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 39
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- WASQWSOJHCZDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diketene Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)O1 WASQWSOJHCZDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- DYUWTXWIYMHBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-prop-2-enylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound C=CCNCC=C DYUWTXWIYMHBQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005024 alkenyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000063 preceeding effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002561 ketenes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octacosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UTOPWMOLSKOLTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N palmitoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tristearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (9Z,11E,13E)-9,11,13-Octadecatrienoic acid Natural products CCCCC=CC=CC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQAINHDHICKHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaldehyde Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(C=O)=CC=CC2=C1 SQAINHDHICKHLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000283153 Cetacea Species 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021319 Palmitoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-SUTYWZMXSA-N all-trans-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid Chemical compound CCCC\C=C\C=C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O CUXYLFPMQMFGPL-SUTYWZMXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001204 arachidyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010480 babassu oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002511 behenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-palmitoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CNC IQDGSYLLQPDQDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- CCGKOQOJPYTBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenone Chemical compound C=C=O CCGKOQOJPYTBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002463 lignoceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010499 rapseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
- D21H17/17—Ketenes, e.g. ketene dimers
Definitions
- This invention relates to novel compositions comprising ketene dimers and to processes for their production.
- Ketene dimers find use as ingredients of paper sizing compositions.
- the sizing compositions are manufactured in the form of relatively concentrated aqueous dispersions which are diluted before use in the paper sizing process.
- the concentrated aqueous dispersions suffer from the disadvantage that their efficiency as paper sizing agents deteriorates on prolonged storage apparently because of the hydrolysis of the ketene dimer.
- ketene dimers are dispersed in water in the presence of from 0.2 to 2.5% by weight of the weight of ketene dimer of a surfactant and/or an emulsifier. Attempts to dry such dispersions in the past have not been successful.
- the ketene dimer tends to hydrolyse. If the dispersion is dried at high temperatures the ketene dimer tends to char. If the dispersion is spray dried the material dries to a sticky mass which is difficult to handle.
- the ketene dimers which are useful as paper sizing agents are compounds having the molecular formula: wherein R represents an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkaryl group comprising from 8 to 24 carbon atoms. Preferably R represents an alkyl group having from 8 to 20 carbon atoms. These dimers are normally prepared from fatty acids obtained from natural sources and therefore comprise a mixture of dimers wherein the number of carbon atoms in the substituent group R varies. Mixtures of ketene dimers wherein R has an average value of from 8 to 24 are useful in the processes of this invention. Preferably the group R contains an average of from 12 to 18 and more preferably from 14 to 18 carbon atoms.
- ketene dimers include octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, eicosyl, docosyl, tetracosyl, phenyl, benzyl, beta-napthyl and cyclohexyl keten dimers, as well as the ketene dimers prepared by known methods from montanic acid, naphthenic acid, 9 .
- the ketene dimers are manufactured in the form of waxy solids comprising the ketene dimers in admixture with up to 20% by weight of impurities. These products are normally used as such, i.e. without separation of the impurities.
- all references to ketene dimers include mixtures thereof with these impurities and all proportions based on the weight of ketene dimer are based upon the weight of the manufactured product.
- the encapsulating agent should be selected so as to be effective in enabling the dispersion to be dried to form a product which is redispersable in water and thereby useful in paper sizing processes.
- the nature of the encapsulating agent should be such that it is compatible with the other components of the spray dried product and such that it is not degraded during the drying process.
- Examples of compounds which may be useful as encapsulating agents are: gelatin, tristearin, gum arabic, sugars, ethyl cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylamides, silicates, polyethers, polyesters, polyamides, starches especially cationic starches and polyvinyl alcohol.
- the amount of encapsulating agent which is employed is proportional to the amount of ketene dimer in the dispersion and will normally be adjusted so as to be just sufficient to enable the dispersion to be dried. The use of excess quantities of encapsulating agent is less preferred. Normally the quantity of encapsulating agent which is added to the dispersion will be from 25 to 100%, preferably from 25 to 75% by weight of the weight of ketene dimer present in the dispersion.
- a preferred class of encapsulating agent are those which are known to be useful as ingredients of paper sizing compositions. Such agents may be employed in larger quantities than are required to sucessfully encapsulate the dimer since they make a contribution to the efficiency of the dried product used in the paper sizing process.
- Such agents are starches such as cationic starches.
- a particularly preferred class of encapsulating agents are those which are known to disperse in cold water the preferred examples being certain cationic starches such as those sold under the Trade Marks Solvitose NX and Perfectamyl PLY.
- the encapsulating agent can be added to any aqueous dispersion of the ketene dimer. However it is strongly preferred to add the encapsulating agent to a dispersion which is itself useful as a paper size so that redispersion of the dried product produces a dispersion which is useful as a paper size without the need to disperse any additional components in order to form the size.
- Ketene dimer dispersions normally comprise at least one surfactant and the presence of a surfactant in the dried product facilitates the redispersion of the product in the paper sizing process.
- suitable surfactants are the sodium salts of naphthalene formaldehyde sulphonate condensates, an ester of polyoxyethylene sorbitan or a sodium lignosulphonate.
- the amount of surfactant added will usually be in the range 0.3 to 3.5% by weight of the ketene dimer, preferably in the range 1.25 to 2.5%.
- the ketene dimer dispersions used in the spray drying processes may further comprise other conventional ingredients such as emulsifiers, stabilisers, retention aids and slimicides although the use of compounds which are sensitive to heat is preferably avoided.
- the ketene dimer dispersions preferably comprise a cationic polymer such as a polyamine in order to increase the efficiency of the dispersion as a paper size.
- a cationic polymer such as a polyamine
- examples of polymers useful in this application water soluble polyamino polyamide- epichlohydrin resins, alkylene polyamine epichlorhydrin resins, poly (diallylamine)-epichlorhydrin resins, poly dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and polyethyleneimines.
- the amount of polymer present may be up to a weight ratio of ketene dimer to polymer of 1.0:1.0. However as the quantity of polymer increases there is an increasing tendency to produce a relatively sticky product and it is preferred that the weight ratio of ketene dimer to polymer is in the range 1.0:0.2 to 1.0:0.5.
- the dispersion of the ketene dimer and the encapsulating agent can be dried by a variety of techniques. However exposure of the dimer to high temperatures for long periods can lead to its degradation either by charring or by hydrolysis and is best avoided. Techniques such as freeze drying and spray drying are preferably employed. We prefer to utilise spray drying although the conditions under which the drying is carried out must be monitored in order to minimise degradation of the ketene dimer. The spray drying of the ketene dimer dispersions can be carried out using conventional equipment. The temperature of the drier should be controlled so as to avoid any significant amount of charring or degradation of the components of the emulsion.
- the temperature at the inlet to the dryer should be in the range 220 0 to 350 o C and that at the outlet of the dryer 110 0 to 125°C.
- the drying process is carried out so as to produce a powdered product comprising less than 0.1% by weight of water.
- the powder products must be dispersed in an aqueous medium in order to be useful in paper sizing processes.
- the powder will be diluted with up to ten times its weight of water. Adequate dispersion is preferably obtained using vigorous agitation.
- composition 1 A dispersion of a stearic/palmitic alkyl ketene dimer having the following composition (Composition 1) was prepared.
- a cationic starch product as sold under the Trade Mark Perfectamyl PLV was added to one sample of the dispersion in a quantity such that the ratio of the weight of ketene to starch was 1:1 (Composition 2).
- the same cationic starch product was added to a second sample of the dispersion in a quantity such that the ratio of the weight of ketene dimer to starch was 1:0.5 (Composition 3).
- compositions 2 and 3 were then spray dried using a Niro Production Minor Spray Drier set for Rotary Atomisation using an atomiser speed of 24,000 rpm.
- the liquor feed temperature was 15 0 C
- the drier inlet temperature was 250 0 C
- the drier outlet temperature 125°C.
- the product was a white powder.
- Trials G and H are based on a product (Composition 4) with a surfactant content on ketene dimer of 0.62% but which are otherwise identical with and are manufactured under the same conditions as composition 3 described above.
- Trial J is based on a product (Composition 5) with a ;urfactant content on ketene dimer of 2.8% but which is otherwise identical with and is manufactured under the same conditions as composition 3.
- composition 6 A dispersion (composition 6) of a stearic/palmitic alkyl ketene dimer having the following composition was prepared:-
- a cationic starch product as sold under the Trade mark Solvitose NX was added to this dispersion in a quantity such that the ratio of the weight of ketene dimer to starch was 1:0.5 (composition 7).
- composition 7 was then spray dried using the conditions set forth in Example 1. The efficiency of sizing of compositions 6 and 7 was then assessed at that time and after storage at ambient temperatures for 3.5 and 4.5 months. The results were as follows:-
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT86308244T ATE59681T1 (de) | 1985-10-23 | 1986-10-23 | Zusammensetzung fuer die papierleimung. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB858526158A GB8526158D0 (en) | 1985-10-23 | 1985-10-23 | Paper sizing compositions |
| GB8526158 | 1985-10-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0220941A1 true EP0220941A1 (fr) | 1987-05-06 |
| EP0220941B1 EP0220941B1 (fr) | 1991-01-02 |
Family
ID=10587133
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP86308244A Expired - Lifetime EP0220941B1 (fr) | 1985-10-23 | 1986-10-23 | Composition d'encollage pour papier |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0220941B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPS62125094A (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE59681T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3676428D1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2020661B3 (fr) |
| FI (1) | FI86317C (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB8526158D0 (fr) |
| MY (1) | MY102764A (fr) |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2201171B (en) * | 1987-02-14 | 1991-01-02 | Laporte Industries Ltd | Compositions for use in the treatment of cellulosic materials and their preparation |
| WO1996023105A1 (fr) * | 1995-01-25 | 1996-08-01 | Raisio Chemicals Oy | Procede d'amelioration de l'hydrophobicite de papiers d'impression et composition hydrophobe du procede |
| US5627224A (en) * | 1992-07-07 | 1997-05-06 | Eka Nobel Ab | Aqueous compositions for sizing of paper |
| WO1998033980A1 (fr) * | 1997-02-05 | 1998-08-06 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Dispersions aqueuses de materiau hydrophobe |
| WO1998033979A1 (fr) * | 1997-02-05 | 1998-08-06 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Procede de collage de papier |
| US6007906A (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1999-12-28 | Hercules Incorporated | Process of using fine paper containing 2-oxetanone sizing agent in high speed precision converting or reprographic operations |
| WO2000063493A1 (fr) * | 1999-04-15 | 2000-10-26 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Composition d'appret |
| US6159339A (en) * | 1996-03-21 | 2000-12-12 | Betzdearborn Inc. | Paper size and paper sizing process |
| WO2000077302A1 (fr) * | 1999-06-16 | 2000-12-21 | Nopco Paper Technology Holding As | Utilisation d'ethers gras a longue chaine |
| US6165259A (en) * | 1997-02-05 | 2000-12-26 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Aqueous dispersions of hydrophobic material |
| EP1238158A1 (fr) * | 1999-12-16 | 2002-09-11 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Composition de collage |
| US7311801B2 (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2007-12-25 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Newsprint papers |
| US7740742B2 (en) | 2003-07-31 | 2010-06-22 | Kao Corporation | Powder composition for paper manufacturing |
| CN104947504A (zh) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-30 | 华南理工大学 | 一种再分散粉末akd施胶剂及其制备方法与应用 |
| CN108691245A (zh) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-10-23 | 浙江恒川新材料有限公司 | 一种高阳电性akd浆内施胶剂的制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4912903B2 (ja) * | 2007-01-31 | 2012-04-11 | 花王株式会社 | 紙質向上剤の製造方法 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2865743A (en) * | 1957-03-11 | 1958-12-23 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Ketene dimer sizing composition and process for sizing paper therewith |
| US2901371A (en) * | 1957-06-12 | 1959-08-25 | American Cyanamid Co | Sizing compositions containing fatty acid |
| DE1176993B (de) * | 1961-11-02 | 1964-08-27 | Battelle Institut E V | Verfahren zur Herstellung von nichtgewebten Stoffen aus synthetischen Fasern |
| US3223544A (en) * | 1963-03-19 | 1965-12-14 | American Cyanamid Co | Manufacture of cationic paper sizing ketene dimer emulsions |
| US3311532A (en) * | 1965-03-17 | 1967-03-28 | American Cyanamid Co | Ketene dimer paper sizing compositions including acyl compound extender and paper sized therewith |
| US3637407A (en) * | 1964-02-05 | 1972-01-25 | Blattmann & Co | Composition and method for surface-sizing paper and the like |
| GB1405751A (en) * | 1971-07-27 | 1975-09-10 | Bpb Industries Ltd | Paper filler |
| US4296012A (en) * | 1978-12-28 | 1981-10-20 | Arakawa Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Sizing compositions incorporating ketene dimer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2324799A1 (fr) * | 1973-08-16 | 1977-04-15 | Grace W R Ltd | Melange sec et emulsion pour l'encollage du papier et procedes et appareils de leur preparation et de leur utilisation |
| US4214948A (en) * | 1974-07-31 | 1980-07-29 | National Starch And Chemical Corporation | Method of sizing paper |
-
1985
- 1985-10-23 GB GB858526158A patent/GB8526158D0/en active Pending
-
1986
- 1986-10-21 FI FI864251A patent/FI86317C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-10-23 JP JP61250940A patent/JPS62125094A/ja active Pending
- 1986-10-23 EP EP86308244A patent/EP0220941B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-23 AT AT86308244T patent/ATE59681T1/de active
- 1986-10-23 DE DE8686308244T patent/DE3676428D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-10-23 ES ES86308244T patent/ES2020661B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1987
- 1987-09-23 MY MYPI87001903A patent/MY102764A/en unknown
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2865743A (en) * | 1957-03-11 | 1958-12-23 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Ketene dimer sizing composition and process for sizing paper therewith |
| US2901371A (en) * | 1957-06-12 | 1959-08-25 | American Cyanamid Co | Sizing compositions containing fatty acid |
| DE1176993B (de) * | 1961-11-02 | 1964-08-27 | Battelle Institut E V | Verfahren zur Herstellung von nichtgewebten Stoffen aus synthetischen Fasern |
| US3223544A (en) * | 1963-03-19 | 1965-12-14 | American Cyanamid Co | Manufacture of cationic paper sizing ketene dimer emulsions |
| US3637407A (en) * | 1964-02-05 | 1972-01-25 | Blattmann & Co | Composition and method for surface-sizing paper and the like |
| US3311532A (en) * | 1965-03-17 | 1967-03-28 | American Cyanamid Co | Ketene dimer paper sizing compositions including acyl compound extender and paper sized therewith |
| GB1405751A (en) * | 1971-07-27 | 1975-09-10 | Bpb Industries Ltd | Paper filler |
| US4296012A (en) * | 1978-12-28 | 1981-10-20 | Arakawa Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Sizing compositions incorporating ketene dimer |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| ABSTRACT BULLETIN OF THE INSTITUTE OF PAPER CHEMISTRY, vol. 53, no. 11, May 1983, page 1323, abstract no. 12331, Appleton, Wisconsin, US; & JP-A-57 112 498 (KAO SOAP CO.) 13-07-1982 * |
| RESEARCH DISCLOSURE, no. 203, March 1981, pages 132,133, disclosure no. 20336, Industrial Opportunities Ltd, Hampshire, GB; S. A. COLBY et al.: "Method for making paper with polymer-encapsulated sizing agent" * |
Cited By (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2201171B (en) * | 1987-02-14 | 1991-01-02 | Laporte Industries Ltd | Compositions for use in the treatment of cellulosic materials and their preparation |
| US5627224A (en) * | 1992-07-07 | 1997-05-06 | Eka Nobel Ab | Aqueous compositions for sizing of paper |
| US6007906A (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1999-12-28 | Hercules Incorporated | Process of using fine paper containing 2-oxetanone sizing agent in high speed precision converting or reprographic operations |
| WO1996023105A1 (fr) * | 1995-01-25 | 1996-08-01 | Raisio Chemicals Oy | Procede d'amelioration de l'hydrophobicite de papiers d'impression et composition hydrophobe du procede |
| CN1071828C (zh) * | 1995-01-25 | 2001-09-26 | 雷西欧联合化学股份公司 | 提高印刷纸憎水性的一种方法和用于该方法的憎水剂组合物 |
| US6159339A (en) * | 1996-03-21 | 2000-12-12 | Betzdearborn Inc. | Paper size and paper sizing process |
| AU729702B2 (en) * | 1997-02-05 | 2001-02-08 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Aqueous dispersions of hydrophobic material |
| CZ299148B6 (cs) * | 1997-02-05 | 2008-05-07 | Akzo Nobel N. V. | Vodná disperze klížicího prostredku, kompozice a zpusob pro její prípravu a zpusob výroby papíru |
| CN1117191C (zh) * | 1997-02-05 | 2003-08-06 | 阿克佐诺贝尔公司 | 疏水性物质的水性分散体 |
| US6165259A (en) * | 1997-02-05 | 2000-12-26 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Aqueous dispersions of hydrophobic material |
| WO1998033979A1 (fr) * | 1997-02-05 | 1998-08-06 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Procede de collage de papier |
| WO1998033980A1 (fr) * | 1997-02-05 | 1998-08-06 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Dispersions aqueuses de materiau hydrophobe |
| US6485555B1 (en) | 1999-04-15 | 2002-11-26 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Sizing composition |
| WO2000063493A1 (fr) * | 1999-04-15 | 2000-10-26 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Composition d'appret |
| WO2000077302A1 (fr) * | 1999-06-16 | 2000-12-21 | Nopco Paper Technology Holding As | Utilisation d'ethers gras a longue chaine |
| EP1238158A1 (fr) * | 1999-12-16 | 2002-09-11 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Composition de collage |
| US7311801B2 (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2007-12-25 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Newsprint papers |
| US7740742B2 (en) | 2003-07-31 | 2010-06-22 | Kao Corporation | Powder composition for paper manufacturing |
| CN104947504A (zh) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-09-30 | 华南理工大学 | 一种再分散粉末akd施胶剂及其制备方法与应用 |
| CN104947504B (zh) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-10-20 | 华南理工大学 | 一种再分散粉末akd施胶剂及其制备方法与应用 |
| CN108691245A (zh) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-10-23 | 浙江恒川新材料有限公司 | 一种高阳电性akd浆内施胶剂的制备方法 |
| CN108691245B (zh) * | 2018-05-25 | 2020-07-07 | 浙江恒川新材料有限公司 | 一种高阳电性akd浆内施胶剂的制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI86317C (fi) | 1992-08-10 |
| JPS62125094A (ja) | 1987-06-06 |
| ES2020661B3 (es) | 1991-09-01 |
| DE3676428D1 (de) | 1991-02-07 |
| FI864251A0 (fi) | 1986-10-21 |
| EP0220941B1 (fr) | 1991-01-02 |
| GB8526158D0 (en) | 1985-11-27 |
| FI86317B (fi) | 1992-04-30 |
| FI864251A (fi) | 1987-04-24 |
| ATE59681T1 (de) | 1991-01-15 |
| MY102764A (en) | 1992-10-31 |
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