EP0218761A1 - Dispositif de protection contre la fumée - Google Patents

Dispositif de protection contre la fumée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0218761A1
EP0218761A1 EP85306879A EP85306879A EP0218761A1 EP 0218761 A1 EP0218761 A1 EP 0218761A1 EP 85306879 A EP85306879 A EP 85306879A EP 85306879 A EP85306879 A EP 85306879A EP 0218761 A1 EP0218761 A1 EP 0218761A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conduit
air
building
mask
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85306879A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
George R. Heffer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Geor-Gina Fume Protection Devices Inc
Original Assignee
Geor-Gina Fume Protection Devices Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CA000432671A priority Critical patent/CA1196808A/fr
Application filed by Geor-Gina Fume Protection Devices Inc filed Critical Geor-Gina Fume Protection Devices Inc
Priority to EP85306879A priority patent/EP0218761A1/fr
Publication of EP0218761A1 publication Critical patent/EP0218761A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B15/00—Installations affording protection against poisonous or injurious substances, e.g. with separate breathing apparatus

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus adapted to provide a supply of fresh filtered air to persons trapped within a burning building and unable to breathe because of toxic fumes caused by the fire.
  • the rooms of such buildings are sealed because of air conditioning and controlled atmosphere requirements, and often there is a pressure difference.between the interior of the buildings and the outside atmosphere. Accordingly, persons within a unit trying to obtain a source of fresh air may find that the only way to get outside air is to break a window, but breaking a window can create a pressure drop in the room which could draw smoke and possibly fire from within the building to that particular unit to aggravate conditions there.
  • the heat within the burning unit would soon evaporate the water from toilet fixtures and sink traps to allow the smoke and fumes to be drawn into the sewage pipes.
  • the pipes could become heated by the fire to produce superheated gases which could burn the lungs of a person inhaling them.
  • the gases ordinarily resident in the sewer system while not fatally poisonous would likely cause some sickness if inhaled in quantity over a prolonged period of time.
  • the invention is an apparatus to allow a person within a room of a smoke-filled building to breathe air from outside the building, comprising in combination; at least one conduit in an exterior building wall in communication with outside air, such conduit having a sealing device adapted to seal the conduit from the passage of air under ordinary conditions, at last one tube leading to at least one breathing mask, such breathing masks being adapted to permit the user to breathe air supplied by the tube and to exhale air into the room, a coupling fixture being adapted to permit connection of the tube to the conduit, and upon connection, to open the sealing device to permit the passage of air through the conduit as it is drawn into the tube by the user.
  • the breathing apparatus above described will usually comprise a mask having an inlet port in communication with said tube and having an outlet port in communication with the room.
  • Each such port would be adapted with one-way valves to permit the inflow of air through the inlet port only and to permit the exhaustion of air through the outlet port only.
  • the above described apparatus is used in combination with a warning light which may be placed on the exterior of the building, in the hallway or other suitable location.
  • a warning light which may be placed on the exterior of the building, in the hallway or other suitable location.
  • the connection of the coupling fixture between the tube and the conduit completes an electrical circuit which lights the warning light to indicate to firemen which breathing apparatus are being used in the building. This facilitates the easy location and rescue of such people.
  • conduits may be used to establish communication between an interior room and the outside air.
  • the conduit will be short and directly through the wall to an outside air source.
  • the conduit is also fitted with filters being adapted to clean the air passing through the filter, in the event that there should be some smoke in the air outside the building.
  • the conduit may be fitted with a thermal and vapor barrier and may be angled downward to prevent the collection and freezing of water within it. Particular designs of this invention to accomodate environmental design requirements in a variety of climates are within the state of the art and will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
  • the apparatus of this invention may be installed in a box located on a wall.
  • the box would be adapted to contain a sufficient quantity of masks, tubes and conduit connections to provide emergency breathing apparatus for the number of persons that might ordinarily be found in such unit of the building with perhaps extras for other people driven from other units.
  • the number, location and make up of emergency breathing stations is a matter of safety design which will be determined by regulation or design.
  • the box may be closed by a door or the like covered with a painting, a mirror, or a notice as to the procedure to be followed in a fire drill, whatever seems appropriate to the particular environment of the location.
  • FIG.1 illustrates a ten-story building fitted with the apparatus of this invention.
  • a family located in one unit of the building is using the apparatus of this invention to breathe outside air while a firefighter is searching the building to rescue people from the threat of suffocation or poisoning from smoke and toxic fumes.
  • an exterior beacon lights up, indicating to firemen exactly where in the building people are located.
  • FIG.2 illustrates the invention in operation. Users of the apparatus strap on a pair of goggles (1) and a face-mask (2).
  • the face-mask is connected to a tube (3).
  • the headgear is fitted about the head by means of an adjustable strap (4).
  • the face-mask has exhaust ports (5) and inlet ports (6).
  • the flashing beacon may be on the exterior of the building as shown in FIG.2 or in the hallway of the building or even on a panel on the first floor of the building.
  • FIG.2 Also illustrated in FIG.2 is a portion of the filter housing (16) of the exterior conduit which will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.3.
  • the goggles, face-mask and tubing are contained in a cabinet (14) having a door (13) and a light (12) on its interior.
  • the light (12) is activated by an alternate power source to light up the interior of cabinet (14) when door (13) is opened.
  • the battery and a recharging device to provide the alternate source of power may be contained for example in the cabinet (14) in box (10).
  • the alternate source of power while not essential, is an added advantage where there is a power failure in the building at the time of the emergency.
  • the flashing beacon is driven by the alternate power source.
  • FIG.3 illustrates the preferred embodiment of the external portion of the conduit (20) which acts as a duct to communicate between the exterior of the building and the interior of cabinet (14). As shown the end portion (21) depends downwardly to avoid plugging with water, ice or other debris.
  • the flashing external beacon (15) is contained at the end of the downward depending portion of the conduit (21).
  • the beacon comprises a socket (22) electrically connected within the conduit (21), a beacon light bulb (23) and a protective lens cover (24). The closer the beacon is to the unit the less likely will be interception of the electrical signal by the fire.
  • the filter section (16) Within the filter section (16) are an internal screen mesh (25), particle filters (26 & 28) and charcoal filter (27), followed by external screen mesh (29) and the filter cap (30).
  • the screens and the filters are adapted to fit in the downwardly depending opening of the end portion (21) and to be retained by the filter cap (30).
  • the filter section is adapted to clean the air before it is drawn into the conduit for breathing.
  • the filtering mechanism may be varied in accordance with predeterminations of possible contaminants. The design of the filter is beyond the scope of this invention and is within the scope of the art of filtration devices.
  • FIG.4 illustrates the breathing headpiece in further detail, in particular two exhaust ports (5) are provided with external flap covers (34) being adapted to prevent air from being inhaled through the ports but permitting air to be exhausted therefrom. Similarly inlet port (6) between the tube and the mask is covered by an interior flap (36) which permits air to be drawn from the tube but not to be exhaled into the tube.
  • the male jack (7) at the end of the tube (3) is fitted with prongs (38) which are electrically connected to complete the beacon circuit when jack (7) is inserted in the female opening (8).
  • valve mechanism used to seal the conduit is not shown or described in detail since its form is not an essential feature of this invention. It is an element of the combination that in fact, may take on many forms depending on local conditions and design requirements.
  • the conduit sealing mechanism will be selected by skilled persons from valve, or throttling mechanisms available in the art and which will permit the pressure differences on either side of the building wall to be maintained without air leakage through the conduit under ordinary conditions but will open the conduit to the passage of air at least into the building when the tube jack is connected into the conduit. Opening of the sealing valve may be triggered by the mechanical action of jack insertion, by electrical activation of the beacon or by a seperate mechanical, electrical or other independent switching mechanism within or about the cabinet.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
EP85306879A 1983-07-18 1985-09-27 Dispositif de protection contre la fumée Withdrawn EP0218761A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA000432671A CA1196808A (fr) 1983-07-18 1983-07-18 Dispositif protecteur contre les fumees
EP85306879A EP0218761A1 (fr) 1985-09-27 1985-09-27 Dispositif de protection contre la fumée

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP85306879A EP0218761A1 (fr) 1985-09-27 1985-09-27 Dispositif de protection contre la fumée

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0218761A1 true EP0218761A1 (fr) 1987-04-22

Family

ID=8194377

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85306879A Withdrawn EP0218761A1 (fr) 1983-07-18 1985-09-27 Dispositif de protection contre la fumée

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0218761A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2214820A (en) * 1988-02-16 1989-09-13 Dennis John Hughes Breathing-mask for emergency use during fires

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE932226C (de) * 1952-11-18 1955-08-25 Draegerwerk Ag An einen Luftzufuehrungsschlauch angeschlossenes Atemschutzgeraet
AT183312B (de) * 1953-07-24 1955-09-26 Eugenie Merhal Frischluftatmungsvorrichtung
US2902032A (en) * 1957-05-24 1959-09-01 Claude W Davis Fresh air breathing device
US4320756A (en) * 1981-02-25 1982-03-23 Holmes William O Fresh-air breathing device and method
US4331139A (en) * 1981-06-15 1982-05-25 Mihai Popa Emergency breathing apparatus
WO1982002492A1 (fr) * 1981-01-27 1982-08-05 Bertil Werjefelt Systeme de survie et procede d'apport d'air frais a des zones fermees
US4373522A (en) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-15 Zien Mechanical Contractors Emergency fresh air supply device
US4467796A (en) * 1981-12-02 1984-08-28 Beagley Arthur E Emergency breathing air supply system and apparatus

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE932226C (de) * 1952-11-18 1955-08-25 Draegerwerk Ag An einen Luftzufuehrungsschlauch angeschlossenes Atemschutzgeraet
AT183312B (de) * 1953-07-24 1955-09-26 Eugenie Merhal Frischluftatmungsvorrichtung
US2902032A (en) * 1957-05-24 1959-09-01 Claude W Davis Fresh air breathing device
WO1982002492A1 (fr) * 1981-01-27 1982-08-05 Bertil Werjefelt Systeme de survie et procede d'apport d'air frais a des zones fermees
US4320756A (en) * 1981-02-25 1982-03-23 Holmes William O Fresh-air breathing device and method
US4331139A (en) * 1981-06-15 1982-05-25 Mihai Popa Emergency breathing apparatus
US4373522A (en) * 1981-07-31 1983-02-15 Zien Mechanical Contractors Emergency fresh air supply device
US4467796A (en) * 1981-12-02 1984-08-28 Beagley Arthur E Emergency breathing air supply system and apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2214820A (en) * 1988-02-16 1989-09-13 Dennis John Hughes Breathing-mask for emergency use during fires

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