EP0218515B1 - Carburettor for an internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Carburettor for an internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0218515B1
EP0218515B1 EP19860402062 EP86402062A EP0218515B1 EP 0218515 B1 EP0218515 B1 EP 0218515B1 EP 19860402062 EP19860402062 EP 19860402062 EP 86402062 A EP86402062 A EP 86402062A EP 0218515 B1 EP0218515 B1 EP 0218515B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
petrol
torus
air
carburettor
jet
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Expired
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EP19860402062
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0218515A1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Bouthors
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Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
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Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M17/00—Carburettors having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of preceding main groups F02M1/00 - F02M15/00
    • F02M17/02—Floatless carburettors
    • F02M17/06—Floatless carburettors having overflow chamber determining constant fuel level

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a carburetor for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle in particular whose fuel supply is connected directly to the pump without the intermediary of a tank.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic section of a carburetor of the current type.
  • the carburetor 1 is mounted in the extension of the intake manifold or manifold 2 through which the air arrives, after having previously passed through the air filter 3.
  • the petrol arrives on the side of the manifold 2 by a hose 4
  • the petrol contained in the tank is sucked up by the petrol pump which discharges it towards the carburetor.
  • the petrol arrives and stays first in a tank 5. It then passes through a nozzle 6, places a column 7 which opens into the intake manifold 2 at a throttle 8 called a diffuser or venturi.
  • This constriction is located in the intake manifold 2 which terminates in the explosion chamber 9 at the top of each cylinder 10 of the engine.
  • the throttle or venturi 8 is the gasoline pumping member. It locally increases the speed of the air and therefore the vacuum which acts on the petrol, without reducing the air flow. It suffices to place the fuel inlet at the venturi 8 to energetically suck in the fuel because the air speed is high there. Going down, the piston 1, moving in the cylinder 10, creates a depression which sucks the petrol at the end of the spraying column 7. This depression promotes its vaporization and the violent air flow created in the pipe 2 causes it to entrain and mix with air in the intake manifold 2. Upon their arrival in the explosion chamber 9 of the cylinder 10, the droplets have become an invisible gas vapor capable of being ignited.
  • the nozzle 6 makes it possible to calibrate the fuel flow and the tank 5 is provided with a float 12 making it possible to maintain the level of the gasoline in the tank at a constant height, all of this to ensure a regular fuel flow.
  • This current type of carburetor has the following disadvantages. Firstly, for safety reasons, in particular when the vehicle is stopped on a slope, the level of petrol in the tank 5 is not at the level of the vacuum cleaner point A to avoid a flow of the petrol but is located several millimeters below. However at idle, the throttle valve 13 is closed so that the venturi 8 is cut and has no more action on the nozzle 6 which no longer delivers gasoline. It is therefore necessary to supply the engine with petrol through an auxiliary circuit with an idle jet and a wealth screw.
  • the inertia of the liquid column 7 located between the tank 5 and the suction point A is relatively large so that the same suction force can no longer pump gasoline during transient phenomena, not causing good acceleration.
  • the throttle valve 13 placed in the intake manifold 2 opens quickly resulting in a momentary depletion of the air-petrol mixture due to the fact that petrol is heavier than air, therefore more difficult to suck in column 7.
  • This disadvantage must be overcome by the presence of an additional circuit constituted by a recovery pump injecting a small amount of fuel directly into the body of the carburetor 1 each abrupt opening of the throttle valve 13, so as to enrich the mixture with petrol when maximum power is requested from the engine.
  • a third disadvantage presented by this conventional type of carburetor is that the richness of the air-petrol mixture cannot be adjusted by varying the diameter of the nozzle 6 but must be adjusted by a richness screw 14 regulating the section of an orifice of the intake manifold 2.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a new carburetor operating at idle and having a very good response to transient regimes. It also allows easy adjustment of the richness of the air-fuel mixture by varying the amount of fuel injected into the venturi.
  • the object of the invention is a carburetor comprising a body located in the extension of the intake manifold and provided with a venturi, a horizontal fuel nozzle and one of the gases, the main characteristic of which is to comprise moreover a level device obtained by overflow, connected directly to the fuel pump, maintaining the fuel level at a constant height above the nozzle, the petrol being introduced into the nozzle by the displacement of a pallet which closes the level device and which is driven by an electronically controllable electromagnet.
  • the carburetor according to the invention is such, moreover, that the pallet has a cyclic ratio of opening time to variable cycle time making it possible to close the nozzle when the vehicle is stopped and to obtain an adjustment of the richness of the air-petrol mixture, especially during a cold start.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 which, in addition to FIG. 1 already described and relating to the prior art, respectively represent a schematic view according to a longitudinal section of the carburetor and a side view.
  • the carburetion device does not comprise a petrol tank located between the petrol pump of the engine and the intake manifold, neither an additional idling device nor a recovery pump.
  • the carburetor has a body 20 located in the extension of the intake manifold 21 and provided with a throttle or venturi 22 intended to increase the speed of the air coming from the air filter 23 and circulating in the manifold 21. It also comprises a nozzle 24 opening into the intake manifold 21 at the level of the 'throttle 22 and delivering gasoline in metered quantity required in air-gasoline mixture.
  • the carburetor also includes a throttle valve 25 which may or may not be closing the manifold 21 and which is intended to regulate the quantity of the air-petrol mixture supplied to the engine.
  • this new type of carburetor comprises a level device 26 obtained by overflow, consisting of a hollow torus 27 whose axis of revolution is constituted by the nozzle 24.
  • One of the ends 28 of the torus 27 is coincident with the wall of the intake manifold 21 and the other end 29 is closed by a movable pallet 30 driven by an electromagnet 31 electronically controllable. This pallet at rest is locked against its seat 40 and thus prevents the passage of fuel from the torus 27 to the nozzle 24.
  • This level device 26 comprises a fuel inlet 32 connected directly to the fuel pump, ending in the lower part of the torus 27 located below the nozzle 24. At least one discharge pipe 33 for the fuel to the tank is provided from the upper part of the torus 27 located above the nozzle 24, so as to maintain the gasoline at a constant level above the nozzle 24. Finally an air vent, a small tube 34 for example, is provided to bring the internal volume of the torus to atmospheric pressure.
  • the carburetor has a smaller footprint since there is no longer a tank where the petrol is stored and it no longer presents any problem of inertia of petrol to be sucked in since the level of the gasoline is constantly maintained above the level of the nozzle 24 thus ensuring better responses.
  • the electromagnet 31 is controlled so that the pallet 30 closes the torus 27 in order to close the nozzle 24.
  • the overflow of gasoline, when the vehicle is sloping, is discharged through the discharge pipe or pipes 33, with a large section, which bring the excess petrol to the tank.
  • Another advantage of the carburetor according to the invention is the possibility of adjusting the richness of the air-gasoline mixture of the engine according to the operating conditions, without adding an additional circuit but simply by varying the duty cycle from opening time to time. closing.
  • This duty cycle is proportional to the richness of the air-petrol mixture. If the opening time is short, a poorer mixture is obtained, making use of it at a low pollution rate.
  • the air-fuel mixture can be enriched by controlling a longer opening time of the pallet.
  • This control of the richness of the mixture can be controlled by the information given by a richness sensor, such as a lambda probe for example.

Description

La présente invention concerne un carburateur pour moteur à explosion de véhicule automobile notamment dont l'arrivée d'essence est reliée directement à la pompe sans l'intermédiaire d'une cuve.The present invention relates to a carburetor for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle in particular whose fuel supply is connected directly to the pump without the intermediary of a tank.

C'est à l'intérieur du carburateur que se fait le mélange air-essence dosé dans les proportions adéquates, mélange qui devra brûler aussi parfaitement que possible dans les cylindres. La figure 1 représente une coupe schématique d'un carburateur du type actuel. Le carburateur 1 est monté dans le prolongement de la tubulure ou collecteur d'admission 2 par lequel arrive l'air, après un passage préalable dans le filtre à air 3. L'essence arrive sur le côté de la tubulure 2 par une durite 4. L'essence contenue dans le réservoir est aspirée par la pompe à essence qui la refoule vers le carburateur. L'essence arrive et séjourne d'abord dans une cuve 5. Elle traverse ensuite un gicleur 6, place une colonne 7 qui débouche dans la tubulure d'admission 2 au niveau d'un étranglement 8 appelé diffuseur ou venturi. Cet étranglement se situe dans la tubulure d'admission 2 qui aboutit à la chambre d'explosion 9 au sommet de chaque cylindre 10 du moteur. L'étranglement ou venturi 8 est l'organe de pompage de l'essence. Il permet d'augmenter localement la vitesse de l'air donc la dépression qui agit sur l'essence, sans diminuer le débit d'air. Il suffit de placer l'arrivée d'essence au niveau du venturi 8 pour aspirer énergiquement l'essence car la vitesse de l'air y est grande. En descendant, le piston 1, se déplaçant dans le cylindre 10, crée une dépression qui aspire l'essence à l'extrémité de la colonne de giclage 7. Cette dépression favorise sa vaporisation et le courant d'air violent créé dans la tubulure 2 provoque son entraînement et son mélange à l'air dans la tubulure d'admission 2. A leur arrivée dans la chambre d'explosion 9 du cylindre 10, les gouttelettes sont devenues une vapeur d'essence invisible capable d'être enflammée.It is inside the carburetor that the air-fuel mixture is dosed in the appropriate proportions, mixture which should burn as perfectly as possible in the cylinders. Figure 1 shows a schematic section of a carburetor of the current type. The carburetor 1 is mounted in the extension of the intake manifold or manifold 2 through which the air arrives, after having previously passed through the air filter 3. The petrol arrives on the side of the manifold 2 by a hose 4 The petrol contained in the tank is sucked up by the petrol pump which discharges it towards the carburetor. The petrol arrives and stays first in a tank 5. It then passes through a nozzle 6, places a column 7 which opens into the intake manifold 2 at a throttle 8 called a diffuser or venturi. This constriction is located in the intake manifold 2 which terminates in the explosion chamber 9 at the top of each cylinder 10 of the engine. The throttle or venturi 8 is the gasoline pumping member. It locally increases the speed of the air and therefore the vacuum which acts on the petrol, without reducing the air flow. It suffices to place the fuel inlet at the venturi 8 to energetically suck in the fuel because the air speed is high there. Going down, the piston 1, moving in the cylinder 10, creates a depression which sucks the petrol at the end of the spraying column 7. This depression promotes its vaporization and the violent air flow created in the pipe 2 causes it to entrain and mix with air in the intake manifold 2. Upon their arrival in the explosion chamber 9 of the cylinder 10, the droplets have become an invisible gas vapor capable of being ignited.

Le gicleur 6 permet de calibrer le débit d'essence et la cuve 5 est dotée d'un flotteur 12 permettant de maintenir le niveau de l'essence dans la cuve à une hauteur constante, tout cela pour assurer un débit d'essence régulier.The nozzle 6 makes it possible to calibrate the fuel flow and the tank 5 is provided with a float 12 making it possible to maintain the level of the gasoline in the tank at a constant height, all of this to ensure a regular fuel flow.

Ce type actuel de carburateur présente les inconvénients suivants. Premièrement, pour des raisons de sécurité, notamment lorsque le véhicule est à l'arrêt en pente, le niveau de l'essence dans la cuve 5 n'est pas à la hauteur du point d'aspirateur A pour éviter un écoulement de l'essence mais est situé à plusieurs millimètres en-dessous. Or au ralenti, le papillon des gaz 13 est fermé de sorte que le venturi 8 est coupé et n'a plus d'action sur le gicleur 6 qui ne débite plus d'essence. Il est donc nécessaire d'alimenter le moteur en essence par un circuit annexe avec un gicleur de ralenti et une vis de richesse.This current type of carburetor has the following disadvantages. Firstly, for safety reasons, in particular when the vehicle is stopped on a slope, the level of petrol in the tank 5 is not at the level of the vacuum cleaner point A to avoid a flow of the petrol but is located several millimeters below. However at idle, the throttle valve 13 is closed so that the venturi 8 is cut and has no more action on the nozzle 6 which no longer delivers gasoline. It is therefore necessary to supply the engine with petrol through an auxiliary circuit with an idle jet and a wealth screw.

Deuxièmement, l'inertie de la colonne de liquide 7 située entre la cuve 5 et le point d'aspiration A est relativement grande de sorte que la même force d'aspiration n'arrive plus à pomper l'essence au cours des phénomènes transitoires, n'entraînant pas de bonnes reprises à l'accélération. En effet, lorsque l'on accélère brusquement, le papillon 13 placé dans le collecteur d'admission 2 s'ouvre rapidement entraînant un appauvrissement momentané du mélange air-essence dû au fait que l'essence est plus lourde que l'air, donc plus difficile à aspirer dans la colonne 7. Il faut pallier cet inconvénient par la présence d'un circuit supplémentaire constitué par une pompe de reprise injectant une petite quantité de carburant directement dans le corps du carburateur 1 a chaque ouverture brusque du papillon 13, de façon à enrichir en essence le mélange quand la puissance maximum est demandée au moteur.Second, the inertia of the liquid column 7 located between the tank 5 and the suction point A is relatively large so that the same suction force can no longer pump gasoline during transient phenomena, not causing good acceleration. Indeed, when accelerating suddenly, the throttle valve 13 placed in the intake manifold 2 opens quickly resulting in a momentary depletion of the air-petrol mixture due to the fact that petrol is heavier than air, therefore more difficult to suck in column 7. This disadvantage must be overcome by the presence of an additional circuit constituted by a recovery pump injecting a small amount of fuel directly into the body of the carburetor 1 each abrupt opening of the throttle valve 13, so as to enrich the mixture with petrol when maximum power is requested from the engine.

Un troisième inconvénient présenté par ce type classique de carburateur est que la richesse du mélange air-essence ne peut être réglée par la variation du diamètre du gicleur 6 mais doit être réglée par une vis de richesse 14 réglant la section d'un orifice de la tubulure d'admission 2.A third disadvantage presented by this conventional type of carburetor is that the richness of the air-petrol mixture cannot be adjusted by varying the diameter of the nozzle 6 but must be adjusted by a richness screw 14 regulating the section of an orifice of the intake manifold 2.

Le but de l'invention est de proposer un nouveau carburateur fonctionnant au ralenti et ayant une très bonne réponse aux régimes transitoires. Il permet de plus un réglage aisé de la richesse du mélange air-essence par variation de la quantité d'essence injectée dans le venturi.The object of the invention is to propose a new carburetor operating at idle and having a very good response to transient regimes. It also allows easy adjustment of the richness of the air-fuel mixture by varying the amount of fuel injected into the venturi.

Pour cela, l'objet de l'invention est un carburateur comportant un corps situé dans le prolongement du collecteur d'admission et doté d'un venturi, un gicleur d'essence horizontal et un des gaz, dont la caractéristique principale est de comporter de plus un dispositif de niveau obtenu par débordement, relié directement à la pompe à essence, maintenant le niveau d'essence à une hauteur constante au-dessus du gicleur, l'essence étant introduite dans le gicleur grâce au déplacement d'une palette qui ferme le dispositif de niveau et qui est animée par un électroaimant commandable électroniquement.For this, the object of the invention is a carburetor comprising a body located in the extension of the intake manifold and provided with a venturi, a horizontal fuel nozzle and one of the gases, the main characteristic of which is to comprise moreover a level device obtained by overflow, connected directly to the fuel pump, maintaining the fuel level at a constant height above the nozzle, the petrol being introduced into the nozzle by the displacement of a pallet which closes the level device and which is driven by an electronically controllable electromagnet.

Le carburateur selon l'invention est tel, de plus, que la palette a un rapport cyclique de temps d'ouverture sur temps de cycle variable permettant d'obturer le gicleur lorsque le véhicule est à l'arrêt et d'obtenir un réglage de la richesse du mélange air-essence notamment lors d'un départ à froid.The carburetor according to the invention is such, moreover, that the pallet has a cyclic ratio of opening time to variable cycle time making it possible to close the nozzle when the vehicle is stopped and to obtain an adjustment of the richness of the air-petrol mixture, especially during a cold start.

D'autres caratéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront lors de la description qui suit, illustrée par les figures 2 et 3 qui, outre la figure 1 déjà décrite et concernant l'art antérieur, représentent respectivement une vue schématique selon une coupe longitudinale du carburateur et une vue de côté.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description, illustrated by FIGS. 2 and 3 which, in addition to FIG. 1 already described and relating to the prior art, respectively represent a schematic view according to a longitudinal section of the carburetor and a side view.

Comme cela a été mentionné auparavant, le dispositif de carburation selon l'invention ne comporte pas de cuve à essence située entre la pompe à essence du moteur et le collecteur d'admission, ni de dispositif additionnel de ralenti ni de pompe de reprise. Selon les figures 2 et 3, le carburateur comporte un corps 20 situé dans le prolongement du collecteur d'admission 21 et doté d'un étranglement ou venturi 22 destiné à accroître la vitesse de l'air venant du filtre à air 23 et circulant dans le collecteur 21. Il comporte aussi un gicleur 24 débouchant dans le collecteur d'admission 21 au niveau de l'étranglement 22 et débitant l'essence en quantité dosée nécessaire en mélange air-essence. Le carburateur comporte également un papillon des gaz 25 obturant ou non le collecteur 21 et destiné à régler la quantité du mélange air-essence fournie au moteur. Selon l'invention, ce nouveau type de carburateur comporte un dispositif de niveau 26 obtenu par débordement, constitué par un tore creux 27 dont l'axe de révolution à est constitué par le gicleur 24. Une des extrémités 28 du tore 27 est confondue avec la paroi du collecteur d'admission 21 et l'autre extrémité 29 est fermée par une palette mobile 30 animée par un électroaimant 31 commandable électroniquement. Cette palette au repos est bloquée contre son siège 40 et ainsi s'oppose au passage du carburant depuis le tore 27 jusqu'au gicleur 24.As mentioned previously, the carburetion device according to the invention does not comprise a petrol tank located between the petrol pump of the engine and the intake manifold, neither an additional idling device nor a recovery pump. According to Figures 2 and 3, the carburetor has a body 20 located in the extension of the intake manifold 21 and provided with a throttle or venturi 22 intended to increase the speed of the air coming from the air filter 23 and circulating in the manifold 21. It also comprises a nozzle 24 opening into the intake manifold 21 at the level of the 'throttle 22 and delivering gasoline in metered quantity required in air-gasoline mixture. The carburetor also includes a throttle valve 25 which may or may not be closing the manifold 21 and which is intended to regulate the quantity of the air-petrol mixture supplied to the engine. According to the invention, this new type of carburetor comprises a level device 26 obtained by overflow, consisting of a hollow torus 27 whose axis of revolution is constituted by the nozzle 24. One of the ends 28 of the torus 27 is coincident with the wall of the intake manifold 21 and the other end 29 is closed by a movable pallet 30 driven by an electromagnet 31 electronically controllable. This pallet at rest is locked against its seat 40 and thus prevents the passage of fuel from the torus 27 to the nozzle 24.

Lorsque la palette 30 est appelée par l'électroaimant elle s'éloigne du siège 40 et met en communication le tore 27 et le gicleur et laisse le carburant passer. Ce dispositif de niveau 26 comporte une arrivée d'essence 32 reliée directement à la pompe à essence, aboutissant dans la partie inférieure du tore 27 située en-dessous du gicleur 24. Au moins un tuyau de déversement 33 de l'essence vers le réservoir est prévu à partir de la partie supérieure du tore 27 située au-dessus du gicleur 24, de façon à maintenir l'essence à un niveau constant au-dessus du gicleur 24. Enfin une mise à l'air libre, un petit tube 34 par exemple, est prevue pour mettre le volume intérieur du tore à la pression atmosphérique.When the pallet 30 is called by the electromagnet it moves away from the seat 40 and puts the torus 27 and the nozzle in communication and lets the fuel pass. This level device 26 comprises a fuel inlet 32 connected directly to the fuel pump, ending in the lower part of the torus 27 located below the nozzle 24. At least one discharge pipe 33 for the fuel to the tank is provided from the upper part of the torus 27 located above the nozzle 24, so as to maintain the gasoline at a constant level above the nozzle 24. Finally an air vent, a small tube 34 for example, is provided to bring the internal volume of the torus to atmospheric pressure.

Grâce au dispositif de niveau 26 ainsi disposé, le carburateur a un moindre encombrement puisqu'il n'y a plus de cuve où l'essence est stockée et il ne présente plus de problème d'inertie d'essence à aspirer puisque le niveau de l'essence est maintenu constamment au-dessus du niveau du gicleur 24 assurant ainsi de meilleurs réponses. Pour respecter les règles de sécurité tant à l'arrêt qu'en décélération, l'électroaimant 31 est commandé pour que la palette 30 ferme le tore 27 afin d'obturer le gicleur 24. Le trop-plein d'essence, lorsque le véhicule est en pente, est evacué par le ou les tuyaux de déversement 33, à large section, qui ramènent l'essence en excédent au réservoir. Lorsque le moteur fonctionne au ralenti, il suffit de commander l'électroaimant 31 avec le rapport cyclique voulu pour que la palette 30, laisse ainsi passer la quantité d'essence nécessaire au moteur, pour qu'il ne cale pas. De même, lors des départs à froid du moteur, l'augmentation du temps d'ouverture de la palette permet un enrichissement adéquat du mélange air-essence. Il est aussi possible d'associer à ce carburateur un papillon à gaz motorise électriquement qui assure la régulation au ralenti.Thanks to the level device 26 thus arranged, the carburetor has a smaller footprint since there is no longer a tank where the petrol is stored and it no longer presents any problem of inertia of petrol to be sucked in since the level of the gasoline is constantly maintained above the level of the nozzle 24 thus ensuring better responses. To comply with the safety rules both when stopped and when decelerating, the electromagnet 31 is controlled so that the pallet 30 closes the torus 27 in order to close the nozzle 24. The overflow of gasoline, when the vehicle is sloping, is discharged through the discharge pipe or pipes 33, with a large section, which bring the excess petrol to the tank. When the engine is running at idle, it suffices to control the electromagnet 31 with the desired duty cycle so that the pallet 30, thus lets the amount of fuel necessary for the engine pass, so that it does not stall. Similarly, during cold starts of the engine, the increase in the opening time of the pallet allows an adequate enrichment of the air-fuel mixture. It is also possible to associate with this carburetor an electrically powered throttle valve which regulates at idle.

Un autre avantage du carburateur selon l'invention est la possibilité de régler la richesse du mélange air-essence du moteur selon les conditions de fonctionnement, sans adjonction d'un circuit supplémentaire mais simplement par variation du rapport cyclique de temps d'ouverture sur temps de fermeture. Ce rapport cyclique est proportionnel à la richesse du mélange air-essence. Si le temps d'ouverture est court, on obtient un mélange plus pauvre réalisant une utilisation à faible taux de pollution. Par contre, quand on souhaite une puissance du moteur plus élevée, on peut enrichir le mélange air-essence en commandant un temps d'ouverture de la palette plus long. On peut asservir cette commande de la richesse du mélange à l'information donnée par un capteur de richesse, telle une sonde lambda par exemple.Another advantage of the carburetor according to the invention is the possibility of adjusting the richness of the air-gasoline mixture of the engine according to the operating conditions, without adding an additional circuit but simply by varying the duty cycle from opening time to time. closing. This duty cycle is proportional to the richness of the air-petrol mixture. If the opening time is short, a poorer mixture is obtained, making use of it at a low pollution rate. On the other hand, when a higher engine power is desired, the air-fuel mixture can be enriched by controlling a longer opening time of the pallet. This control of the richness of the mixture can be controlled by the information given by a richness sensor, such as a lambda probe for example.

L'invention n'est nullement limitée au mode de réalisation décrit, mais comprend bien entendu les équivalents techniques des moyens et de leurs combinaisons si elles sont effectuées dans l'esprit de l'invention et mises en oeuvre dans le cadre des revendications suivantes.The invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described, but naturally includes the technical equivalents of the means and their combinations if they are carried out in the spirit of the invention and used in the context of the following claims.

Claims (5)

1. Carburettor in which the air-petrol mixture is formed which is necessary for the operation of an explosion engine, including:
- a body (20) positioned as an extension of the induction pipe (21) and having a section of decreased diameter (22) in order to increase the velocity of the air in the induction pipe,
- a jet (24) opening into the induction pipe (21) at the level of the section of decreased diameter (22) and delivering petrol,
- a throttle valve (25) positioned across the induction pipe (21) and controlling the quantity of air-petrol mixture supplied to the engine, characterised in that it also includes:
- an overflow level device (26) consisting of a hollow torus (27) whose axis of revolution (A) is substantially horizontal and is formed by the jet (24), one of the ends (28) of the torus coinciding with the wall of the induction pipe (21) and the other (29) being closed by a mobile plate (30) powered by an electronically controllable electromagnet (31),
- a petrol feed (32) connected directly to the petrol pump of the engine and opening into the lower portion of the level device (26) below the jet (24),
- at least one pipe (33) for discharging petrol to the tank running from the upper portion of the level device (26) above the jet (24),
- in the upper portion of the device a communication (34) between the open air and the volume inside the torus (27),

so that the level within the torus (27) of the petrol coming directly from the petrol pump is kept constant above the jet (24), petrol being introduced into the jet (24) by gravity when the plate (30) is slightly parted from the torus (27) by the electromagnet (31).
2. Carburettor in accordance with claim 1 characterised in that the plate (30) is so moved by the electromagnet (31) that the cyclic ratio of the open period to the period of the cycle is variable, permitting adjustment of the richness of the air-petrol mixture.
3. Carburettor in accordance with claim 2, characterised in that the plate (30) closes the end (29) of the torus (27) when the vehicle is stopped or decelerating.
4. Carburettor in accordance with claim 2, characterised in that the period during which the plate (30) is slightly parted from the end (29) of the torus (27) during cold starting is close to the period of the cycle.
5. Carburettor in accordance with claim 2, characterised in that it includes an electrically driven throttle valve for idling control.
EP19860402062 1985-09-20 1986-09-19 Carburettor for an internal-combustion engine Expired EP0218515B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8513961A FR2587759B1 (en) 1985-09-20 1985-09-20 CARBURETOR FOR EXPLOSION ENGINE
FR8513961 1985-09-20

Publications (2)

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EP0218515A1 EP0218515A1 (en) 1987-04-15
EP0218515B1 true EP0218515B1 (en) 1988-08-31

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EP19860402062 Expired EP0218515B1 (en) 1985-09-20 1986-09-19 Carburettor for an internal-combustion engine

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FR2628148B1 (en) * 1988-03-01 1990-07-06 Renault DEVICE FOR PREPARING AND DISPENSING A FUEL MIXTURE FOR A CONTROLLED IGNITION ENGINE

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FR406639A (en) * 1908-12-12 1910-02-04 Charles Auguste Honore Laillet New electromagnetic carburetor
GB1319499A (en) * 1970-11-02 1973-06-06 Mikuni Kogyo Kk Fuel supply system in combination with a carburettor of the overflow type

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FR2587759B1 (en) 1987-12-11
DE3660638D1 (en) 1988-10-06
EP0218515A1 (en) 1987-04-15
FR2587759A1 (en) 1987-03-27

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