EP0218018B1 - Training appliance - Google Patents

Training appliance Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0218018B1
EP0218018B1 EP86109703A EP86109703A EP0218018B1 EP 0218018 B1 EP0218018 B1 EP 0218018B1 EP 86109703 A EP86109703 A EP 86109703A EP 86109703 A EP86109703 A EP 86109703A EP 0218018 B1 EP0218018 B1 EP 0218018B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
piston
lever
training apparatus
swivelling shaft
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP86109703A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0218018A1 (en
Inventor
Günter Kern
Rainer Kranz
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT86109703T priority Critical patent/ATE56887T1/en
Publication of EP0218018A1 publication Critical patent/EP0218018A1/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/008Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using hydraulic or pneumatic force-resisters
    • A63B21/0083Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using hydraulic or pneumatic force-resisters of the piston-cylinder type
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/00058Mechanical means for varying the resistance
    • A63B21/00076Mechanical means for varying the resistance on the fly, i.e. varying the resistance during exercise
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/40Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof
    • A63B21/4041Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof characterised by the movements of the interface
    • A63B21/4047Pivoting movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a training device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a training device is known from CH-A-446 148.
  • a circular piston is used, which is connected directly to a pivot shaft. It is therefore not possible to change the ratio between the swivel shaft and the piston and / or to adapt it to the respective conditions.
  • a shock absorber with a worm gear is known in which the worm is located outside the cylinder.
  • the FR-A-810 361 also shows a shock absorber in which the shaft is outside the cylinder.
  • a lever provided with two handles is pivotally mounted on a vertical support about a horizontal axis.
  • the piston rod of the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit is articulated to the lever between the handles and the articulation point on the support, the cylinder of which is articulated below the articulated connection of the lever to the support.
  • the lever provided with handles can only be pressed down or raised for exercise purposes, so that it has only a limited area of application.
  • the possibilities of using the known training device cannot be expanded without further ado because the lever with the hydraulic cylinder and the support is a space-consuming construction which is difficult to adapt to other movement sequences to achieve other training effects.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a training device of the type specified above, which has a stable, space-saving construction, so that it can be easily adapted to different exercises.
  • the reaction moment when the lever is pivoted is known to be generated in such a way that the hydraulic fluid is displaced by the piston from one cylinder chamber to the other depending on its direction of movement, the magnitude of the reaction moment being determined by the throttling of the hydraulic fluid depends on the channel and the throttle device. Since the reaction torque increases approximately with the square of the angular speed of the pivoting movement of the lever, the patient or practitioner can choose the desired resistance by the speed of the movement carried out. If the reaction moment becomes too large, the practicing person can interrupt the movement at any time, which also means that the reaction moment becomes zero. In the event of an interruption, the limbs or body parts to be trained no longer have any forces. If the practicing person resumes the movement, he can practically increase the reaction moment starting from zero, since there is virtually no resistance to static friction to be overcome.
  • the training device according to the invention can thus be used in an ideal manner with gentle treatment, and high stress levels are also possible.
  • the unit generating the reaction moment for the exercising person consists of the lever which is directly linked from the hydraulic cylinder in the training device according to the invention, it can be arranged in a space-saving manner in such a way that a large number of different exercises can be carried out.
  • a training device in which a lever is connected to a pivot shaft, the rotational movement of which is transmitted by a chain drive to a second pivot shaft, to which a lever is connected, to which one end of a gas spring is articulated is, the other end is pivotally mounted in the frame.
  • This known training device is provided with a very complex and space-consuming gear for converting a rotary movement into a translatory movement, so that the adaptation of this device to different exercises requires an additional considerable design effort.
  • the throttle device expediently consists of an adjustable throttle valve. By setting the throttle cross-section, the achievable resistance or the desired reaction torque can be adapted to the respective training conditions.
  • an adjustable throttle valve is arranged in the end regions of the channel arranged in the cylinder wall or through it, that the piston consists of two rigidly connected piston disks which delimit a piston chamber between them, that in each piston disk a check valve permitting a flow into the adjacent cylinder chamber is arranged and that the channel between the throttle valves is provided with a line opening through the cylinder wall into the piston chamber.
  • This configuration allows the throttle valves to be set to different cross sections, so that the forward movement takes place at the same speed with a different reaction torque than the return movement. This can be appropriate according to the limbs or body parts to be trained and moved and according to the selected training program.
  • the hydraulic fluid displaced from one cylinder chamber is essentially throttled only by the adjacent throttle valve and can then flow through the piston scanner and the opposite check valve, bypassing the other throttle valve, into the other cylinder chamber.
  • the transmission can be formed in an advantageous and simple manner in that the pivot shaft extends through the cylinder between the piston disks transversely and is mounted in opposite areas of the cylinder wall and in that the piston between the piston disks is provided with an axially parallel rack with which one with the pivot shaft fixed pinion combs.
  • the transmission can also be formed by a crank and a connecting rod or eccentric.
  • the cylinder is expediently connected to the training device consisting of a chair, a couch or the like in such a way that the pivot shaft is essentially aligned with the axis of the joint or diffraction center of the limb or body part to be trained.
  • the cylinder is connected to the pivot shaft of a second cylinder of the same type attached to the training device in such a way that it is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the first cylinder.
  • This configuration enables, as it were, cardanic spatial movements, such as are useful for training hip or shoulder joints, for example.
  • the cylinder can be provided with at least one device that measures the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in a cylinder chamber.
  • This device can display the respective reaction moment to the patient or the doctor.
  • a device can be provided which displays the measured pressure and / or determines the work and / or the power from this and displays and / or registers this.
  • the work performed by the patient can be calculated from the respective resistance and the swivel angles, the angular velocity also having to be measured to determine the power.
  • the swivel angle of the lever can be adjusted by stops. Furthermore, the length of the lever arm of the lever is expediently adjustable.
  • the gymnastic device according to the invention consists, for example, of a training chair
  • the lower leg of the patient can be attached to the lever by means of padded pressure plates and fixing straps.
  • the thigh lies firmly on the seat of the chair and is also fixed by means of straps.
  • a lap belt can be provided to stabilize the hips and torso.
  • the pressure shell is expediently rotatably mounted in its starting point on the length-adjustable lever arm and can itself be adjusted to the required length of the patient's spine, so that the drawer load on the knee joint ligaments is kept as low as possible.
  • the training device makes it possible to keep the risk of stress on the patient's joint apparatus as low as possible. Therefore, adjustment, support and stabilization devices should be provided at the required points.
  • the muscles to be trained can be moved as much as possible by the patient in order to achieve the greatest possible training success in the shortest possible time.
  • Controlling measuring devices can provide the patient or exerciser and also the therapist with a constant overview of the load and the success of the exercise programs. Data storage for statistics and program design is also possible.
  • a pivot point can be determined which corresponds to the imaginary means of the joint.
  • a hinge joint there is a turning line. It is the imaginary plumb line through all the planes lying in the longitudinal direction of the two legs. Two planes perpendicular to each other intersect at the pivot point.
  • the axis of rotation or the pivot point of the lever should be able to track and fix the imaginary center of the joint.
  • the circular movement of the two legs can be converted into a rectified forward and backward thrust of the hydraulic working piston.
  • the throttle device can consist of a work compensation duct, the overflow bores of which are arranged so that it can be used for the directions of movement, by means of two throttle screws.
  • a multi-channel system with several throttle screws can also be used.
  • the rotary movement can be registered by means of a rotary encoder and made visible on a digital or analog display which can be set to the starting or end position from any position.
  • the oil pressure can be detected by pressure sensors and made visible either digitally or analog.
  • the measured values recorded can be fed directly to a data processing system, stored, evaluated and printed out.
  • the range of motion of the joint to be trained can be limited by lockable stops.
  • the patient's medical data can be entered, for example the weight of the lower leg, which falls back completely relaxed from stretching.
  • both the agonistic and the antagonistic side can be trained.
  • the device according to the invention can be used in the form of a training chair, for example for strengthening and general aftercare of postoperative knee and muscle injuries. Furthermore, the training device according to the invention can be used to strengthen the entire ankle muscles in the pronation-supination and dorsal-plantar flexion range.
  • the training device according to the invention can also be used to particular advantage Use special and special strengthening of the core muscles while keeping the spine area in good condition.
  • the entire hip area, including the gruteal muscles, can be trained with the device to strengthen. It can also be used, for example, to move the muscle parts of the shoulder joint to strengthen the various movement areas. It can also be used to strengthen the forearm and wrist muscles.
  • the training device consists of a chair 1, which is indicated only by the seat, backrest and legs.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 2 is fastened to the seat surface with the pivot lever 3 in such a way that the pivot axis is approximately aligned with the line drawn through the patient's two knee joints.
  • a cross piece 4 is attached at the end, which carries bandages for attachment to the lower leg of the patient.
  • the chair 1 is also provided with fastening straps, not shown, for the patient represented only by lines.
  • the hydraulic cylinder is shown schematically in FIG. 2.
  • a piston acting on both sides which consists of the two piston disks 5, 6, which are rigidly connected to one another by the toothed rack 7.
  • a pivot shaft, on which the pinion 8 is wedged, is mounted in opposite areas of the cylinder wall.
  • the pinion 8 meshes with the rack 7.
  • the pivot lever 3 is wedged onto the pivot shaft.
  • the cylinder chambers 9, 10, which are divided by the piston disks 5, 6, are connected to one another by a channel 11 in which a throttle valve 12 is arranged.
  • the throttle duct 11 is arranged in the cylinder wall.
  • the channel is provided with bores 12, 13 which open into the cylinder chambers 9, 10.
  • the cylinder In its central region, the cylinder has a transverse bore 14 in which the pivot shaft is mounted with the pinion which meshes with the rack.
  • the channel 11 has in its central region next to the transverse bore 14 a transverse bore 15 which opens into the piston chamber between the piston discs 5, 6.
  • the channel is penetrated by threaded bores 16, 17 into which throttle screws can be screwed, through which the respective throttle cross section can be adjusted.
  • the design of the piston can be seen in more detail in FIGS. 6 to 8.
  • the piston consists of the end-side piston disks 5, 6, which are connected to one another by the toothed rack 7.
  • the piston disks 5, 6 are provided with stepped axial bores 19, 20, into which steel balls 21, 22 forming check valves are inserted. These steel balls are secured against falling out by screwed-on locking plates in the manner shown.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)

Abstract

1. Training apparatus having a lever (3) which is attached to a swivelling shaft and, to produce a moment of reaction, is connected to the double-acting piston (5, 6) of a hydraulic cylinder (2), and having a channel (11), which has a restriction device (12) and connects the cylinder chambers (9, 10) separated by the piston (5, 6) and filled with fluid to one another, characterized in that the lever (3) is connected to the piston (5, 6) in such a way that an alternating rotary movement of the lever (3) is converted to a translational to and fro movement of the piston (5, 6), in that the swivelling shaft penetrates the cylinder (2) transversely and is mounted in opposite regions of the cylinder wall, and in that inside the cylinder (2) the swivelling shaft is connected to the piston (5, 6) by a mechanism (7, 8).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Trainingsgerät nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a training device according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Ein derartiges Traininggerät ist aus der CH-A-446 148 bekannt. Bei der vorbekannten Vorrichtung wird ein kreisförmiger Kolben verwendet, der direkt mit einer Schwenkwelle verbunden ist. Es ist daher nicht möglich, die Übersetzung zwischen der Schwenkwelle und dem Kolben zu verändern und/oder den jeweiligen Verhältnissen anzupassen.Such a training device is known from CH-A-446 148. In the known device, a circular piston is used, which is connected directly to a pivot shaft. It is therefore not possible to change the ratio between the swivel shaft and the piston and / or to adapt it to the respective conditions.

Aus der FR-E-46 495 ist ein Stoßdämpfer mit einem Schneckengetriebe bekannt, bei dem die Schnecke außerhalb des Zylinders liegt.From FR-E-46 495 a shock absorber with a worm gear is known in which the worm is located outside the cylinder.

Die FR-A-810 361 zeigt ebenfalls einen Stoßdämpfer, bei dem die Welle außerhalb des Zylinders liegt.The FR-A-810 361 also shows a shock absorber in which the shaft is outside the cylinder.

Bei einem aus der EP-A-0 135 346 bekannten Trainingsgerät ist an einer vertikalen Stütze ein mit zwei Handgriffen versehener Hebel um eine horizontale Achse schwenkbar gelagert. An den Hebel ist zwischen den Handgriffen und der Anlenkstelle an der Stütze die Kolbenstange der hydraulischen Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit angelenkt, deren Zylinder unterhalb der gelenkigen Verbindung des Hebels mit der Stütze mit dieser gelenkig verbunden ist. Bei dem bekannten Trainingsgerät läßt sich der mit Handgriffen versehene Hebel zu Übungszwekken lediglich herabdrücken oder anheben, so daß dieses nur einen beschränkten Anwendungsbereich aufweist. Die Einstazmöglichkeiten des bekannten Trainingsgeräts lassen sich ohne weiteres auch nicht erweitern, weil der Hebel mit dem Hydraulikzylinder und der Stütze eine viel Raum beanspruchende Konstruktion darstellt, die sich nur schwierig anderen Bewegungsabläufen zur Erreichung anderer Trainingseffekte anpassen läßt.In a training device known from EP-A-0 135 346, a lever provided with two handles is pivotally mounted on a vertical support about a horizontal axis. The piston rod of the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit is articulated to the lever between the handles and the articulation point on the support, the cylinder of which is articulated below the articulated connection of the lever to the support. In the known training device, the lever provided with handles can only be pressed down or raised for exercise purposes, so that it has only a limited area of application. The possibilities of using the known training device cannot be expanded without further ado because the lever with the hydraulic cylinder and the support is a space-consuming construction which is difficult to adapt to other movement sequences to achieve other training effects.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Trainingsgerät der eingangs angegebenen Art vorzuschlagen, das eine stabile, raumsparende Konstruktion aufweist, so daß es sich in einfacher Weise unterschiedlichen Übungen anpassen läßt.The object of the invention is to propose a training device of the type specified above, which has a stable, space-saving construction, so that it can be easily adapted to different exercises.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe bei einem Trainingsgerät der gattungsgemäßen Art durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved in a training device of the generic type by the characterizing features of patent claim 1.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Trainingsgerät wird das Reaktionsmoment bei einem Verschwenken des Hebels in an sich bekannterweise dadurch erzeugt, daß die hydraulische Flüssigkeit durch den Kolben je nach dessen Bewegungsrichtung von einerZylinderkammer in die andere verdrängt wird, wobei die Größe des Reaktionsmoments von der Drosselung der hydraulischen Flüssigkeit in dem Kanal und der Drosseleinrichtung abhängt. Da das Reaktionsmoment etwa mit dem Quadrat der Winkelgeschwindigkeit der Schwenkbewegung des Hebels zunimmt, kann der Patient oder Übende den gewünschten Widerstand durch die Geschwindigkeit der ausgeführten Bewegung wählen. Wird das Reaktionsmoment zu groß, kann die übende Person jederzeit die Bewegung unterbrechen, womit auch das Reaktionsmoment null wird. Bei einer Unterbrechung wirken also auf die zu trainierenden Glieder oder Körperteile keine Kräfte mehr ein. Nimmt die übende Person die Bewegung wieder auf, kann sie praktisch das Reaktionsmoment bei null beginnend steigern, da nehezu kein Haftreibungswiderstand zu überwinden ist. Das erfindungsgemäße Trainingsgerät läßt sich somit in idealer Weise bei schonender Behandlung einsetzen, wobei auch hohe Belastungsstufen möglich sind.In the training device according to the invention, the reaction moment when the lever is pivoted is known to be generated in such a way that the hydraulic fluid is displaced by the piston from one cylinder chamber to the other depending on its direction of movement, the magnitude of the reaction moment being determined by the throttling of the hydraulic fluid depends on the channel and the throttle device. Since the reaction torque increases approximately with the square of the angular speed of the pivoting movement of the lever, the patient or practitioner can choose the desired resistance by the speed of the movement carried out. If the reaction moment becomes too large, the practicing person can interrupt the movement at any time, which also means that the reaction moment becomes zero. In the event of an interruption, the limbs or body parts to be trained no longer have any forces. If the practicing person resumes the movement, he can practically increase the reaction moment starting from zero, since there is virtually no resistance to static friction to be overcome. The training device according to the invention can thus be used in an ideal manner with gentle treatment, and high stress levels are also possible.

Dab bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Trainingsgerät die das Reaktionsmoment für die übende Person erzeugende Einheit aus dem unmittelbar aus dem Hydraulikzylinder angelenkten Hebel besteht, läßt sich diese in raumsparender Weise derart anordnen, daß eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Ubungen ausgeführt werden kann.Since the unit generating the reaction moment for the exercising person consists of the lever which is directly linked from the hydraulic cylinder in the training device according to the invention, it can be arranged in a space-saving manner in such a way that a large number of different exercises can be carried out.

Aus der DE-A-28 39 300 ist ein Trainingsgerät bekannt, bei dem ein Hebel mit einer Schwenkwelle verbunden ist, deren Drehbewegung durch einen Kettentrieb auf eine zweite Schwenkwelle übertragen wird, mit der ein Hebel verbunden ist, an den ein Ende einer Gasfeder angelenkt ist, deren anderes Ende im Gestell schwenkbar gelagert ist. Dieses bekannte Trainingsgerät ist mit einen sehr aufwendigen und Raum beanspruchenden Getriebe zur Umwandlung einer Drehbewegung in eine translatorische Bewegung versehen, so daß die Anpassung dieses Geräts an unterschiedliche Ubungen einen zusätzlichen erheblichen Konstruktionsaufwand erfordert.From DE-A-28 39 300 a training device is known in which a lever is connected to a pivot shaft, the rotational movement of which is transmitted by a chain drive to a second pivot shaft, to which a lever is connected, to which one end of a gas spring is articulated is, the other end is pivotally mounted in the frame. This known training device is provided with a very complex and space-consuming gear for converting a rotary movement into a translatory movement, so that the adaptation of this device to different exercises requires an additional considerable design effort.

Zweckmäßigerweise besteht die Drosseleinrichtung aus einem einstellbaren Drosselventil. Durch die Einstellung des Drosselquerschnitts läßt sich der erreichbare Widerstand bzw. das jeweils gewünschte Reaktionsmoment den jeweiligen Trainingsbedingungen anpassen.The throttle device expediently consists of an adjustable throttle valve. By setting the throttle cross-section, the achievable resistance or the desired reaction torque can be adapted to the respective training conditions.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, daß in den Endbereichen des in der Zylinderwandung angeordneten oder durch diese hindurchgeführten Kanals je ein einstellbares Drosselventil angeordnet ist, daß der Kolben aus zwei starr miteinander verbundenen Kolbenscheiben besteht, die zwischen sich eine Kolbenkammer begrenzen, daß in jeder Kolbenscheibe ein einen Durchfluß in die angrenzende Zylinderkammer gestattendes Rückschlagventil angeordnet ist und daß der Kanal zwischen den Drosselventilen mit einer durch die Zylinderwandung hindurch in die Kolbenkammer mündenden Leitung versehen ist. Diese Ausgestaltung gestattet es, die Drosselventile auf unterschiedliche Querschnitte einzustellen, so daß die Hinbewegung bei gleicher Geschwindigkeit mit einem anderen Reaktionsmoment als die Rückbewegung erfolgt. Dies kann entsprechend den zu trainierenden und zu bewegenden Gliedern oder Körperteilen und entsprechend dem gewählten Trainingsprogramm zweckmäßig sein. Die aus einer Zylinderkammer verdrängte hydraulische Flüssigkeit wird im wesentlichen nur durch das angrenzende Drosselventil gedrosselt und kann sodann durch die Kolbenkanner und das gegenüberliegende Rückschlagventil unter Umgehung des anderen Drosselventils in die andere Zylinderkammer strömen.According to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that an adjustable throttle valve is arranged in the end regions of the channel arranged in the cylinder wall or through it, that the piston consists of two rigidly connected piston disks which delimit a piston chamber between them, that in each piston disk a check valve permitting a flow into the adjacent cylinder chamber is arranged and that the channel between the throttle valves is provided with a line opening through the cylinder wall into the piston chamber. This configuration allows the throttle valves to be set to different cross sections, so that the forward movement takes place at the same speed with a different reaction torque than the return movement. This can be appropriate according to the limbs or body parts to be trained and moved and according to the selected training program. The hydraulic fluid displaced from one cylinder chamber is essentially throttled only by the adjacent throttle valve and can then flow through the piston scanner and the opposite check valve, bypassing the other throttle valve, into the other cylinder chamber.

Das Getriebe läßt sich in vorteilhafter und einfacher Weise dadurch bilden, daß die Schwenkwelle den Zylinder zwischen den Kolbenscheiben quer durchsetzt und in gegenüberliegenden Bereichen der Zylinderwandung gelagert ist und daß der Kolben zwischen den Kolbenscheiben mit einer achsparallelen Zahnstange versehen ist, mit der ein mit der Schwenkwelle fest verbundenes Ritzel kämmt. Das Getriebe kann auch durch eine Kurbel und eine Pleuelstange oder Exzenter gebildet werden.The transmission can be formed in an advantageous and simple manner in that the pivot shaft extends through the cylinder between the piston disks transversely and is mounted in opposite areas of the cylinder wall and in that the piston between the piston disks is provided with an axially parallel rack with which one with the pivot shaft fixed pinion combs. The transmission can also be formed by a crank and a connecting rod or eccentric.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist der Zylinder mit dem aus einem Stuhl, einer Liege oder dergleichen bestehenden Trainingsgerät derart verbunden, daß die Schwenkwelle im wesentlichen mit der Achse des Gelenks oder Beugungszentrums des zu trainierenden Gliedes oder Körperteils fluchtet.The cylinder is expediently connected to the training device consisting of a chair, a couch or the like in such a way that the pivot shaft is essentially aligned with the axis of the joint or diffraction center of the limb or body part to be trained.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindungs ist der Zylinder derart mit der Schwenkwelle eines zweiten gleichartigen, an dem Trainingsgerät befestigten Zylinders verbunden, daß diese mit der Längsachse des ersten Zylinders fluchtet. Diese Ausgestaltung ermöglicht gleichsam kardanische räumliche Bewegungen, wie sie beispielsweise zum Trainieren von Hüft- oder Schultergelenken zweckmäßig sind.In a further embodiment of the invention, the cylinder is connected to the pivot shaft of a second cylinder of the same type attached to the training device in such a way that it is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the first cylinder. This configuration enables, as it were, cardanic spatial movements, such as are useful for training hip or shoulder joints, for example.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann der Zylinder mit mindestens einem den Druck der hydraulischen Flüssigkeit in einer Zylinderkammer messenden Einrichtung versehen sein. Diese Einrichtung kann dem Patienten oder dem Arzt das jeweilige Reaktionsmoment anzeigen. Zusätzlich kann eine Einrichtung vorgesehen sein, die den gemessenen Druck anzeigt und/oder aus diesem die Arbeit und/oder die Leistung ermittelt und diese anzeigt und/oder registriert. Die von dem Patienten geleistete Arbeit läßt sich aus dem jeweiligen Widerstand und den Schwenkwinkeln errechnen, wobei zur Ermittlung der Leistung noch die Winkelgeschwindigkeit zu messen ist.In a further embodiment of the invention, the cylinder can be provided with at least one device that measures the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in a cylinder chamber. This device can display the respective reaction moment to the patient or the doctor. In addition, a device can be provided which displays the measured pressure and / or determines the work and / or the power from this and displays and / or registers this. The work performed by the patient can be calculated from the respective resistance and the swivel angles, the angular velocity also having to be measured to determine the power.

Um zu große Bewegungen zu verhindern, kann der Schwenkwinkel des Hebels durch Anschläge einstellbar sein. Weiterhin ist die Lange des Hebelarms des Hebels zweckmäßigerweise einstellbar.To prevent excessive movements, the swivel angle of the lever can be adjusted by stops. Furthermore, the length of the lever arm of the lever is expediently adjustable.

Besteht das erfindungsgemäße gymnastische Gerät beispielsweise aus einem Trainingsstuhl, kann der Unterschenkel des Patienten mittels gepolsterter Andrückschalen und Fixierbändern an dem Hebel befestigt werden. Dabei liegt der Oberschenkel fest auf der Stuhlsitzfläche auf und wird ebenfalls durch Haltegurte fixiert. Zusätzlich kann ein Beckengurt zur Stabilisierung von Hüfte und Rumpf vorgesehen werden. Die Andrückschale ist zweckmäßigerweise in ihrem Ansatzpunkt an dem längenverstellbaren Hebelarm drehbar gelagert und kann auch selbst auf die erforderliche Schienenbeinlange des Patienten eingestellt werden, so daß eine Schubladenbelastung der Kniegelenksbänder möglichst gering gehalten wird.If the gymnastic device according to the invention consists, for example, of a training chair, the lower leg of the patient can be attached to the lever by means of padded pressure plates and fixing straps. The thigh lies firmly on the seat of the chair and is also fixed by means of straps. In addition, a lap belt can be provided to stabilize the hips and torso. The pressure shell is expediently rotatably mounted in its starting point on the length-adjustable lever arm and can itself be adjusted to the required length of the patient's spine, so that the drawer load on the knee joint ligaments is kept as low as possible.

Das erfindungsgemäße Trainingsgerät ermöglichst es, das Belastungsrisiko am Gelenkapparat des Patienten möglichst gering zu halten. Daher sollten an den erforderlichen Stellen Justier-, Stütz- und Stabilisierungseinrichtungen vorgesehen werden. Die zu trainierenden Muskeln können von dem Patienten so stark bewegt werden, wie es ihm möglich ist, um bei gerringstem Zeitaufwand die größmöglichen Trainingserfolge zu erzielen. Kontrollierende Meßeinrichtungen können dem Patienten oder Trainierenden und auch dem Therapeuten einen ständigen Überblick über die Belastung und den Erfolg der Ubungsprogramme vermitteln. Auch ist eine Datenspeicherung zur Statistik und Programmgestaltung möglich.The training device according to the invention makes it possible to keep the risk of stress on the patient's joint apparatus as low as possible. Therefore, adjustment, support and stabilization devices should be provided at the required points. The muscles to be trained can be moved as much as possible by the patient in order to achieve the greatest possible training success in the shortest possible time. Controlling measuring devices can provide the patient or exerciser and also the therapist with a constant overview of the load and the success of the exercise programs. Data storage for statistics and program design is also possible.

Beim Beugen und Strecken eines Gelenkes mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Trainingsgerät kann ein Drehpunkt ermittelt werden, der der gedachten Mittel des Gelenks entspricht. Bei einem Scharniergelenk ergibt sich dabei eine Drehlinie. Sie ist das gedachte Lot durch alle zur Längsrichtung der beiden Schenkel liegenden Ebenen. Dabei schneiden sich zwei senkrecht zueinander stehende Ebenen in dem Drehpunkt. Die Drehachse bzw. der Drehpunkt des Hebels soll räumlich der gedachten Gelenkmitte nachgeführte und fixiert werden können. Die Kreisbewegung der beiden Schenkel kann dabei in einen gleichgerichteten Vorwärts- und Rückwärtsschub des hydraulischen Arbeitskolbens umgewandelt werden.When bending and stretching a joint with the training device according to the invention, a pivot point can be determined which corresponds to the imaginary means of the joint. In the case of a hinge joint, there is a turning line. It is the imaginary plumb line through all the planes lying in the longitudinal direction of the two legs. Two planes perpendicular to each other intersect at the pivot point. The axis of rotation or the pivot point of the lever should be able to track and fix the imaginary center of the joint. The circular movement of the two legs can be converted into a rectified forward and backward thrust of the hydraulic working piston.

Die Drosseleinrichtung kann aus einem Arbeitsausgleichskanal bestehen, dessen Uberströmbohrungen so angeordnet sind, daß er für die Bewegungsrichtungen benutzt werden kann, und zwar mittels zweier Drosselschrauben. Es kann auch ein Mehrkanalsystem mit mehreren Drosselschrauben angewendet werden.The throttle device can consist of a work compensation duct, the overflow bores of which are arranged so that it can be used for the directions of movement, by means of two throttle screws. A multi-channel system with several throttle screws can also be used.

Die Drehbewegung kann mittels Drehgeber registriert und auf einer Digital- oder Analoganzeige sichtbar gemacht werden, die von jeder beliebigen Position auf Ausgangs- oder Endstellung gestellt werden kann, Der Öldruck kann von Drucksensoren erfaßt und entweder digital oder analog sichtbar gemacht werden. Die erfaßten Meßwerte können direkt einer Datenverarbeitungsanlage zugeführt, gespeichert, ausgewertet und ausgedruckt werden.The rotary movement can be registered by means of a rotary encoder and made visible on a digital or analog display which can be set to the starting or end position from any position. The oil pressure can be detected by pressure sensors and made visible either digitally or analog. The measured values recorded can be fed directly to a data processing system, stored, evaluated and printed out.

Durch feststellbare Anschlage kann der Bewegungsbereich des zu trainierenden Gelenks eingegrenzt werden.The range of motion of the joint to be trained can be limited by lockable stops.

Mit Hilfe eines speziell erarbeiteten Programms lassen sich die medizinischen Daten des Patienten eingeben, beispielsweise das Gewicht des aus der Streckung völlig entspannt zurückfallenden Unterschenkels.With the help of a specially developed program, the patient's medical data can be entered, for example the weight of the lower leg, which falls back completely relaxed from stretching.

Je nach beanspruchter Muskelgruppe läßt sich sowohl die agonistische als auch die antagonistische Seite trainieren.Depending on the stressed muscle group, both the agonistic and the antagonistic side can be trained.

Das erfindungsgemäße Gerät läßt sich in Form eines Trainingsstuhls beispielsweise zur Kraftigung und allgemeinen Nachbehandlung postoperativer Kniegelenks- und Muskelverletzungen einsetzen. Weiterhin kann das erfindungsgemäße Trainingsgerat zur Kräftigung der gesamten Sprunggelenksmuskulatur in dem Bewegungsbereich Pronation-Supination und Dorsal-Plantarflektion verwendet werden.The device according to the invention can be used in the form of a training chair, for example for strengthening and general aftercare of postoperative knee and muscle injuries. Furthermore, the training device according to the invention can be used to strengthen the entire ankle muscles in the pronation-supination and dorsal-plantar flexion range.

Mit besonderem Vorteil läßt sich das erfindungsgemäße Trainingsgerät auch zur allgemeinen und speziellen Kräftigung der Rumpfmuskulatur unter Schonhaltung des Wirbelsäulenbereiches einsetzen. Mit dem Gerät läßt sich zur Kraftigung der gesamte Hüftbereich einschließlich der Gruteal-Muskulatur trainieren. Mit ihm lassen sich zur Kräftigung der verschiedenen Bewegungsbereiche beispielsweise auch die Muskelteile des Schultergelenks bewegen. Es kann auch zur speziellen Kräftigung der Unterarm- und Handgelenksmuskulatur eingesetzt werden.The training device according to the invention can also be used to particular advantage Use special and special strengthening of the core muscles while keeping the spine area in good condition. The entire hip area, including the gruteal muscles, can be trained with the device to strengthen. It can also be used, for example, to move the muscle parts of the shoulder joint to strengthen the various movement areas. It can also be used to strengthen the forearm and wrist muscles.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. In dieser zeigt

  • Fig. 1 das aus einem Stuhl bestehende Trainingsgerät in perspektischer, schematischer Darstellung,
  • Fig. 2 eine schematische Darstellung des mit dem Hebel versehenen Hydraulikzylinders,
  • Figs. 3 bis 5 den Hydraulikzylinder in zwei Seitenansichten und in Draufsicht und
  • Figs. 6 bis 8 den Kolben in zwei Seitenansichten und in Draufsicht.
An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. In this shows
  • 1, the training device consisting of a chair in a perspective, schematic representation,
  • 2 shows a schematic illustration of the hydraulic cylinder provided with the lever,
  • Figs. 3 to 5 the hydraulic cylinder in two side views and in plan view and
  • Figs. 6 to 8 the piston in two side views and in plan view.

Nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 besteht das Trainingsgerät aus einem Stuhl 1, der nut durch Sitzfläche, Rückenlehne und Beine angedeutet ist. An der Sitzfläche ist der Hydraulikzylinder 2 mit dem Schwenkhebel 3 in der Weise befestigt, daß die Schwenkachse in etwa mit der durch die beiden Kniegelenke des Patienten gezogenen Linie fluchtet. An dem Schwenkhebel 3, der in nicht dargestellter Weise längenverstellbar ist, ist endseitig ein Querstück 4 angesetzt, das Bandagen zur Befestigung an dem Unterschenkel des Patienten trägt.According to the embodiment of FIG. 1, the training device consists of a chair 1, which is indicated only by the seat, backrest and legs. The hydraulic cylinder 2 is fastened to the seat surface with the pivot lever 3 in such a way that the pivot axis is approximately aligned with the line drawn through the patient's two knee joints. On the swivel lever 3, which is adjustable in length in a manner not shown, a cross piece 4 is attached at the end, which carries bandages for attachment to the lower leg of the patient.

Der Stuhl 1 ist weiterhin mit nicht dargestellten Befestigungsgurten für den nur durch Striche dargestellten Patienten versehen.The chair 1 is also provided with fastening straps, not shown, for the patient represented only by lines.

Der Hydraulikzylinder ist in Fig. 2 schematisch dargestellt. In dem Hydraulikzylinder 2 ist ein beidseitig wirkender Kolben angeordnet, der aus den beiden Kolbenscheiben 5, 6 besteht, die durch die Zahnstange 7 starr miteinander verbunden sind. In gegenüberliegenden Bereichen der Zylinderwandung ist eine Schwenkwelle gelagert, auf die das Ritzel 8 aufgekeilt ist. Das Ritzel 8 kämmt mit der Zahnstange 7. Außerhalb des Zylinders 2 ist auf die Schwenkwelle der Schwenkhebel 3 aufgekeilt. Die durch die Kolbenscheiben 5, 6 abgeteilten Zylinderkammern 9, 10 sind durch einen Kanal 11 miteinander verbunden, in dem ein Drosselventil 12 angeordnet ist.The hydraulic cylinder is shown schematically in FIG. 2. Arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 2 is a piston acting on both sides, which consists of the two piston disks 5, 6, which are rigidly connected to one another by the toothed rack 7. A pivot shaft, on which the pinion 8 is wedged, is mounted in opposite areas of the cylinder wall. The pinion 8 meshes with the rack 7. Outside the cylinder 2, the pivot lever 3 is wedged onto the pivot shaft. The cylinder chambers 9, 10, which are divided by the piston disks 5, 6, are connected to one another by a channel 11 in which a throttle valve 12 is arranged.

Bei dem aus den Fig. 3 bis 5 ersichtlichen Zylinder 2 ist der Drosselkanal 11 in der Zylinderwandung angeordnet. In den Endbereichen ist der Kanal mit Bohrungen 12, 13 versehen, die in die Zylinderkammern 9, 10 münden.In the cylinder 2 shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the throttle duct 11 is arranged in the cylinder wall. In the end regions, the channel is provided with bores 12, 13 which open into the cylinder chambers 9, 10.

Der Zylinder weist in seinem mittleren Bereich eine Querbohrung 14 auf, in der die Schwenkwelle mit dem Ritzel gelagert ist, das mit der Zahnstange kämmt.In its central region, the cylinder has a transverse bore 14 in which the pivot shaft is mounted with the pinion which meshes with the rack.

Weiterhin weist der Kanal 11 in seinem mittleren Bereich neben der Querbohrung 14 eine Querbohrung 15 auf, die in die Kolbenkammer zwischen den Kolbenscheiben 5, 6 mündet.Furthermore, the channel 11 has in its central region next to the transverse bore 14 a transverse bore 15 which opens into the piston chamber between the piston discs 5, 6.

In seinen Endbereichen ist der Kanal von Gewindebohrungen 16,17 durchsetzt, in die Drosselschrauben einschraubbar sind, durch die sich der jeweilige Drosselquerschnitt einstellen läßt.In its end regions, the channel is penetrated by threaded bores 16, 17 into which throttle screws can be screwed, through which the respective throttle cross section can be adjusted.

Die Ausgestaltung des Kolbens ist aus den Fig. 6 bis 8 näher ersichtlich. Der Kolben besteht aus den endseitigen Kolbenscheiben 5, 6, die durch die Zahnstange 7 miteinander verbunden sind. Die Kolbenscheiben 5, 6 sind mit abgesetzten Axialbohrungen 19, 20 versehen, in die Rückschlagventile bildende Stahlkugeln 21, 22 eingesetzt sind. Diese Stahlkugeln sind durch aufgeschraubte Sicherungsbleche in der dargestellten Weise gegen ein Herausfallen gesichert.The design of the piston can be seen in more detail in FIGS. 6 to 8. The piston consists of the end-side piston disks 5, 6, which are connected to one another by the toothed rack 7. The piston disks 5, 6 are provided with stepped axial bores 19, 20, into which steel balls 21, 22 forming check valves are inserted. These steel balls are secured against falling out by screwed-on locking plates in the manner shown.

Claims (9)

1. Training apparatus having a lever (3) which is attached to a swivelling shaft and, to produce a moment of reaction, is connected to the double- acting piston (5, 6) of a hydraulic cylinder (2), and having a channel (11), which has a restriction device (12) and connects the cylinder chambers (9,10) separated by the piston (5, 6) and filled with fluid to one another, characterized in that the lever (3) is connected to the piston (5, 6) in such a way that an alternating rotary movement of the lever (3) is converted to a translational to and fro movement of the piston (5, 6), in that the swivelling shaft penetrates the cylinder (2) transversely and is mounted in opposite regions of the cylinder wall, and in that inside the cylinder (2) the swivelling shaft is connected to the piston (5, 6) by a mechanism (7, 8).
2. Training apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that an adjustable restriction valve (16, 17) is in each case arranged in end regions of a channel (11) which is arranged in the cylinder wall or is passed through the latter and in each case opens into the outer regions of the cylinder chambers (9, 10) of the cylinder (2), in that the piston comprises two piston discs (5, 6), which are connected rigidly to one another and between them delimit a piston chamber, in that a non-return valve (21, 22) permitting flow into the adjoining cylinder chamber (9, 10) is arranged in each piston disc (5, 6), and in that, between the restriction valves (16, 17), the channel (11) is provided with a line (15) which opens through the cylinder wall into the piston chamber.
3. Training apparatus according to Claim 2, characterized in that, between the piston discs (5, 6) the piston is provided with a rack (7), parallel to the axis, with which a pinion (8) firmly connected to the swivelling shaft meshes.
4. Training apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cylinder (2) is connected to the training apparatus comprising a chair (1), a couch or the like in such a way that the swivelling shaft is essentially in alignment with the axis of the joint or centre of bending of the limb or part of the body to be exercised.
5. Training apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the cylinder is connected to the swivelling shaft of a second, similar cylinder attached to the training apparatus, in such a way that the said swivelling shaft is in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the first cylinder.
6. Training apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cylinder (2) is provided with at least one device which measures the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in one cylinder chamber.
7. Training apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a device is provided which displays the pressure measured and/or determines from this the work and/or power and displays and/or records the latter.
8. Training apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the swivelling angle of the lever (3) can be adjusted by stops.
9. Training appartus according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the length of the lever arm of the lever (3) is adjustable.
EP86109703A 1985-07-22 1986-07-15 Training appliance Expired - Lifetime EP0218018B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86109703T ATE56887T1 (en) 1985-07-22 1986-07-15 TRAINING EQUIPMENT.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3526144 1985-07-22
DE19853526144 DE3526144A1 (en) 1985-07-22 1985-07-22 TRAINING DEVICE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0218018A1 EP0218018A1 (en) 1987-04-15
EP0218018B1 true EP0218018B1 (en) 1990-09-26

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ID=6276407

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86109703A Expired - Lifetime EP0218018B1 (en) 1985-07-22 1986-07-15 Training appliance

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0218018B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE56887T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3526144A1 (en)

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DE102006024942A1 (en) * 2006-05-29 2007-12-06 Strong Power Engineering Consultant Ltd. Co. Exercise machine with a seat, for thigh muscles, has a thigh gripping section pressed and rotated together by the action of swing rods

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DE3701821A1 (en) * 1986-12-05 1988-06-16 Kern Guenter TRAINING DEVICE
DE3705493A1 (en) * 1987-01-22 1988-08-04 Kern Guenter MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIC DEVICE
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DE3704918A1 (en) * 1987-02-17 1988-08-25 Kst Motorenversuch Gmbh Co RUDDER ENERGOMETER
DE3938162A1 (en) * 1989-11-16 1991-06-13 Hsieh Ming Hung Exercise appts. with harmonic resistance - has drive and stop interacting with pre-tensioner
US5088731A (en) * 1990-10-29 1992-02-18 M. Michael Carpenter Arm exercise machine
DE4401072C1 (en) * 1994-01-15 1995-05-04 Christian Otto Hydrodynamic braking device, in particular for a training apparatus
WO2003080189A1 (en) * 2002-03-25 2003-10-02 Bon-Su Ku Hydraulic system of multipurpose motion organization
DE102004019328B3 (en) * 2004-04-21 2005-08-04 Josef Mittermaier Training device for increasing body strength and for rehabilitation after illness comprises a lever connected to a shaft which drives an electric generator which charges a current source
DE102004051371A1 (en) * 2004-04-21 2006-04-27 Josef Mittermaier exerciser
WO2007141760A1 (en) * 2006-06-08 2007-12-13 Genesis Fitness (Pty) Ltd Isokinetic exercise device
DE102018010128B3 (en) 2018-12-24 2020-01-02 Sven Kriegel exerciser
DE202018005987U1 (en) 2018-12-24 2019-01-24 Sven Kriegel exerciser

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DE102006024942B4 (en) * 2006-05-29 2009-10-01 Strong Power Engineering Consultant Ltd. Co. Thigh exerciser

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE56887T1 (en) 1990-10-15
DE3526144A1 (en) 1987-01-29
EP0218018A1 (en) 1987-04-15
DE3526144C2 (en) 1987-07-16

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