EP0217883B1 - A cushion core, in particular for an aircraft seat, and a process for its manufacture - Google Patents

A cushion core, in particular for an aircraft seat, and a process for its manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0217883B1
EP0217883B1 EP86902321A EP86902321A EP0217883B1 EP 0217883 B1 EP0217883 B1 EP 0217883B1 EP 86902321 A EP86902321 A EP 86902321A EP 86902321 A EP86902321 A EP 86902321A EP 0217883 B1 EP0217883 B1 EP 0217883B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
mould
cushion core
process according
cushion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP86902321A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0217883A1 (en
Inventor
Faruk Baymak
Helmut STÜBEN
Uwe Moog
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Original Assignee
Messerschmitt Bolkow Blohm AG
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19853513414 external-priority patent/DE3513414A1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B68—SADDLERY; UPHOLSTERY
    • B68G—METHODS, EQUIPMENT, OR MACHINES FOR USE IN UPHOLSTERING; UPHOLSTERY NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B68G1/00—Loose filling materials for upholstery
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/43—Acrylonitrile series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/4334—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/4334—Polyamides
    • D04H1/4342—Aromatic polyamides

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cushion core according to the preamble of claim 1 and method for its production.
  • the upholstery cores of previous aircraft seats are manufactured using a mold and usually consist of a suitable polyurethane foam.
  • the CH-Z "Modern Plastics International" March 1985 describes on pages 37 to 39 the manufacture of such an upholstery core by means of a mold. In this way, it obtains its outer shape practically in one operation in a manner which is favorable in terms of production technology. With regard to toxicity and smoke gas development in the event of fire, however, these cushion cores show an unfavorable behavior.
  • silicone foam can be used due to its known properties.
  • upholstery made of this material meet the values required in terms of toxicity and flue gas development in the event of a fire, on the other hand these are relatively high weight cushion cores that can only be produced from a finished foam block.
  • plastics specified under items 1 to 4 can be extruded, that is to say fibers made from these plastics can be extruded directly into a mold on the basis of appropriate granules. From the remaining plastics according to items 5 to 7, prefabricated fibers are manufactured, the material of which has already hardened in the delivery state. Solutions for using the above plastics in the manufacture of said cushion cores have so far not been disclosed.
  • US, A, 3459631 shows a glued, non-woven textile for the local stiffening of outer clothing, consisting of a plurality of elastic fibers, which are arranged in a nonwoven between an upper and a lower surface and here form a three-dimensional network, the Fibers are glued together at spaced apart points and there is a contiguous cavity between the fibers, the fibers also having a length of approximately 30.05 mm (1.2 inches) to 25.4 mm (1.0 inches) and crimped to achieve improved bending properties are. It can be seen from this document that a cushion-like part can be produced from elastic fibers, the fibers forming a three-dimensional network and being glued to one another at their mutual contact points. Although this document shows a solution that is favorable in terms of weight, it does not provide any information on realizing corresponding weight advantages with a seat cushion using the aforementioned plastics.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a generic upholstery core in such a way that it has a comparable weight to foam core upholstery cores and to show ways to manufacture the upholstery core, which opens up the possibility of producing such an upholstery core from plastics with respect to toxicity and The development of smoke gas in the event of fire is extremely favorable.
  • fibers can be extruded directly into a mold.
  • prefabricated fibers made of an already hardened plastic can be used.
  • Figure 1 shows a head cushion 1 with a pole star core 2, a covering 3 and a fabric cover 4.
  • the cushion 1 is held by a U-shaped support 5 which penetrates the cushion core 2.
  • the core 2 consists of relatively temperature-resistant fibers 6, preferably plastic fibers.
  • Such cushions can be used in the automotive and furniture industries in addition to the aerospace industry.
  • the individual fibers 6 are arranged within the cushion 2 in preferably irregularly extending, spatially curved lines, so that these are predominantly subjected to bending when the cushion is loaded.
  • the specific weight of the plastics in question is approximately between 1.1 and 1.5 g / cm 3 .
  • Upholstery cores can thus be produced which have the required mechanical properties at a density of about 60 to 200 kg / m 3 .
  • Figure 2 shows a mold 7 for the manufacture of cushion cores.
  • This shape 7 consists of an upper half 8 and a lower half 9, which touch in the parting plane 10.
  • the shape 7 is partially cut.
  • the cavity shown in dashed lines has the shape of the cushion 11 to be produced.
  • the halves 8 have cooling channels 12, so that the mold 7 is cooled by a coolant flowing through the channels 12 within the wall of the mold.
  • Arranged within the mold 7 are two nozzles 13 and 14, each of which has a multiplicity of small bores 17 and are designed to be displaceable in the direction of the arrows 15 and 16.
  • a suitable plastic is extruded through the bores 17 into the cavity of the mold 7.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention in a section of an upholstery core with fibers 6.
  • the fibers 6 are provided with a coating of an adhesive which surrounds them as a thin skin and forms 6 nodes 19 at the points of contact of the fibers. This ensures that the mutual points of contact of the individual fibers 6 are formed by gluing as nodes.
  • the coating can be applied by dipping or spraying and generally consists of a suitable resin, e.g. based on polyimide. It is also conceivable that a silicone elastomer is used as the coating material. This further increases the heat resistance of the fibers 6. It is also conceivable for the coating to contain hollow microspheres containing fire-retardant active ingredients.
  • Figure 4 shows a detail of a further embodiment of a cushion.
  • the fibers 6 are welded together at their contact points.
  • the welds 20 result automatically if the intrinsic temperature of the fibers is sufficient for this after the extrusion.
  • One embodiment of the molding process is that the extrusion takes place from above into an open mold and the mold is only closed afterwards.
  • the nozzles perform controlled movements in order to distribute the fibers evenly.
  • an upholstery core of the aforementioned type can also take place in that prefabricated fibers 6 are plasticized by heat and brought into the shape of the upholstery core by means of the mold 7 and the fibers 6 consist of a plastic such as aramid, polybenzimidazole, polyacrylonitrile.
  • the mold 7 contains a cooling liquid into which the fibers 6 are directly extruded.
  • the fibers 6 are held and cooled within the mold 7 by an air flow coming from below until solidification.
  • a further embodiment of the invention is that the fibers 6 of the poister core consist of different materials.
  • the core 2 is provided with a skin preferably made of a silicone material within the mold 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

The core consists of relatively temperature-resistant fibers (6), preferably plastic fibers. Such cushions can be used not only in the aviation industry but also in the vehicle and furniture industries.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Polsterkern nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.The invention relates to a cushion core according to the preamble of claim 1 and method for its production.

Die Polsterkerne bisheriger Flugzeugsitze werden mittels einer Form hergestellt und bestehen in der Regel aus einem geeigneten Polyurethan-Schaumstoff. Die CH-Z "Modern Plastics International", March 1985 beschreibt auf den Seiten 37 bis 39 die Herstellung eines derartigen Polsterkernes mittels einer Form. Dabei erhält dieser in fertigungstechnisch günstiger Weise seine äußere Gestalt praktisch in einem Arbeitsgang. Hinsichtlich Toxizität und Rauchgasentwicklung im Brandfall zeigen diese Polsterkerne allerdings ein ungünstiges Verhalten.The upholstery cores of previous aircraft seats are manufactured using a mold and usually consist of a suitable polyurethane foam. The CH-Z "Modern Plastics International", March 1985 describes on pages 37 to 39 the manufacture of such an upholstery core by means of a mold. In this way, it obtains its outer shape practically in one operation in a manner which is favorable in terms of production technology. With regard to toxicity and smoke gas development in the event of fire, however, these cushion cores show an unfavorable behavior.

Um die Gefahren für Passagiere und Besatzung im Brandfall zu begrenzen, müßten diese Polsterkerne mit feuerfesten Bezügen umhüllt werden. Hierdurch würde eine Entflammung der Polster vermieden und die Abgabe giftiger Gase im Brandfall wesentlich vermindert. Eine vollständige Umhüllung mit feuerfesten Bezügen ist jedoch in vielen Fällen technisch schwierig, beispielsweise dann, wenn Stützrohre oder dergleichen durch die Polsterkerne hindurchgeführt sind. Dabei kann im Brandfall verflüssigter Polster-Schaum abtropfen und auf dem Fußboden ausbrennen. Die genannten hitzefesten Bezugsstoffe können daher keinen ausreichenden Schutz bieten.In order to limit the dangers for passengers and crew in the event of a fire, these upholstery cores would have to be covered with fire-resistant covers. This would prevent the upholstery from igniting and significantly reduce the release of toxic gases in the event of a fire. Complete covering with refractory covers is, however, technically difficult in many cases, for example when support tubes or the like are passed through the cushion cores. In the event of a fire, liquefied upholstery foam can drip off and burn out on the floor. The heat-resistant cover fabrics mentioned can therefore not offer adequate protection.

Weiterhin ist die Verwendung von Flammschutzmitteln bekannt, die dem Material der Polsterkernezugesetztwerden. Diese Mittel sollen die Entflammbarkeit des Materials erschweren, haben aber den Nachteil, daß sie sich mit der Zeit verflüchtigen und einem Alterungsprozeß unterliegen, so daß sie nur für eine begrenzte Zeitspanne wirksam bleiben.It is also known to use flame retardants which are added to the material of the cushion cores. These agents are said to make the flammability of the material more difficult, but have the disadvantage that they evaporate over time and are subject to an aging process, so that they remain effective only for a limited period of time.

Als weiteres Material zur Herstellung von Polsterkernen kommt aufgrund seiner bekannten Eigenschaften Silicon-Schaum in Betracht. Aus diesem Material bestehende Polster erfüllen zwar einerseits die bezüglich Toxizität und Rauchgasentwicklung im Brandfall geforderten Werte, andererseits sind diese nur aus einem fertigen Schaumblock herstellbaren Polsterkerne von relativ hohem Gewicht.As a further material for the manufacture of upholstery cores, silicone foam can be used due to its known properties. Upholstery made of this material on the one hand meet the values required in terms of toxicity and flue gas development in the event of a fire, on the other hand these are relatively high weight cushion cores that can only be produced from a finished foam block.

Es sind Kunststoffe bekannt, die sich durch eine sehr hohe Temperaturfestigkeit auszeichnen. Hierzu gehören

  • 1. Polyetheretherketon,
  • 2. Polyetherimid,
  • 3. Polyamidimid,
  • 4. Polyethersulfon,
  • 5. Aramid,
  • 6. Polybenzimidazol,
  • 7. Polyakrylnitril.
Plastics are known which are distinguished by a very high temperature resistance. These include
  • 1. polyether ether ketone,
  • 2. polyetherimide,
  • 3. polyamideimide,
  • 4. polyether sulfone,
  • 5. aramid,
  • 6. polybenzimidazole,
  • 7. Polyacrylonitrile.

Davon sind die unter den Positionen 1 bis 4 angegebenen Kunststoffe extrudierbar, das heißt Fasern aus diesen Kunststoffen können, ausgehend von entsprechenden Granulaten direkt in eine Form extrudiert werden. Aus den restlichen Kunststoffen gemäß den Positionen 5 bis 7 werden vorgefertigte Fasern hergestellt, deren Material im Anlieferzustand bereits ausgehärtet ist. Lösungen zur Verwendung der obigen Kunststoffe bei der Herstellung der besagten Polsterkerne sind bisher nicht bekannt geworden.Of these, the plastics specified under items 1 to 4 can be extruded, that is to say fibers made from these plastics can be extruded directly into a mold on the basis of appropriate granules. From the remaining plastics according to items 5 to 7, prefabricated fibers are manufactured, the material of which has already hardened in the delivery state. Solutions for using the above plastics in the manufacture of said cushion cores have so far not been disclosed.

Die US, A, 3459631 zeigt einen geklebten, nicht gewebten textilen Stoff zur örtlichen Versteifung von Oberbekleidung, bestehend aus einer Vielzahl von elastischen Fasern, die in einem Vlies zwischen einer oberen und einer unteren Fläche angeordnet sind und hier ein dreidimensionales Netzwerk bilden, wobei die Fasern an voneinander entfernten Punkten miteinander verklebt sind und zwischen den Fasern ein zusammenhängender Hohlraum besteht, wobei die Fasern ferner eine Länge etwa von 30.05 mm (1, 2 inch) bis 25.4 mm (1,0 inch) aufweisen und zur Erreichung verbesserter Biegeeigenschaften stark gekräuselt sind. Dieser Schrift ist zu entnehmen, daß ein polsterartiges Teil aus elastischen Fasern hergestellt werden kann, wobei die Fasern ein dreidimensionales Netzwerk bilden und an ihren gegenseitigen Berührungspunkten miteinander verklebt sind. Diese Schrift zeigt zwar eine unter Gewichtsaspekten günstige Lösung, liefert aber keinen Hinweis zur Verwirklichung entsprechender Gewichtsvorteile bei einem Sitzpolster unter Verwendung der vorgenannten Kunststoffe.US, A, 3459631 shows a glued, non-woven textile for the local stiffening of outer clothing, consisting of a plurality of elastic fibers, which are arranged in a nonwoven between an upper and a lower surface and here form a three-dimensional network, the Fibers are glued together at spaced apart points and there is a contiguous cavity between the fibers, the fibers also having a length of approximately 30.05 mm (1.2 inches) to 25.4 mm (1.0 inches) and crimped to achieve improved bending properties are. It can be seen from this document that a cushion-like part can be produced from elastic fibers, the fibers forming a three-dimensional network and being glued to one another at their mutual contact points. Although this document shows a solution that is favorable in terms of weight, it does not provide any information on realizing corresponding weight advantages with a seat cushion using the aforementioned plastics.

Demgemäß liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gattungsgemäßen Polsterkern derart auszubilden, daß dieser gegenüber aus Schaumstoff bestehenden Polsterkernen ein vergleichbares Gewicht aufweist und Wege zur Herstellung des Polsterkernes aufzuzeigen, wodurch die Möglichkeit eröffnet wird, einen derartigen Polsterkern aus Kunststoffen herzustellen, die bezüglich Toxizität und Rauchgasentwicklung im Brandfall ein äußerst günstiges Verhalten zeigen.Accordingly, the invention has for its object to provide a generic upholstery core in such a way that it has a comparable weight to foam core upholstery cores and to show ways to manufacture the upholstery core, which opens up the possibility of producing such an upholstery core from plastics with respect to toxicity and The development of smoke gas in the event of fire is extremely favorable.

Diese Aufgabe ist bei den gattungsgemäßen Gegenständen der Ansprüche 1, 5 und 7 durch die in den kennzeichnenden Teilen dieser Ansprüche angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved in the generic objects of claims 1, 5 and 7 by the features specified in the characterizing parts of these claims.

Dabei ist insbesondere von Vorteil, daß hochtemperaturbeständige Kunststoffe zur Herstellung eines Polsterkernes verwendbar sind, wobei die fertigungstechnischen Vorteile der Anwendung einer Form genutzt werden.It is particularly advantageous that high-temperature-resistant plastics can be used to produce an upholstery core, the manufacturing advantages of using a mold being used.

Bei dem Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 können Fasern direkt in eine Form extrudiert werden.In the method of claim 5, fibers can be extruded directly into a mold.

Bei dem Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 sind vorgefertigte Fasern aus einem bereits ausgehärteten Kunststoff verwendbar.In the method according to claim 7, prefabricated fibers made of an already hardened plastic can be used.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung ist anhand der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der Beispielbeschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 ein Kopfpolster,
  • Fig. 2 eine Form zur Herstellung eines Polsterkernes,
  • Fig. 3 einen Ausschnitt aus einem Polsterkern mit Knotenpunkten und
  • Fig. 4 einen Ausschnitt aus einem Polsterkern mit Schweißstellen.
The invention is illustrated with reference to the drawing and explained in more detail in the example description. Show it
  • 1 is a head cushion,
  • 2 shows a mold for producing a cushion core,
  • Fig. 3 shows a section of a cushion core with nodes and
  • Fig. 4 shows a section of an upholstery core with welds.

Figur 1 zeigt ein Kopfpolster 1 mit einem Polsterkern 2, einer Umhüllung 3 und einem Stoffbezug 4. Das Polster 1 ist durch eine U-förmige Stütze 5 gehalten, die den Polsterkern 2 durchdringt. Der Kern 2 besteht aus relativ temperaturbeständigen Fasern 6, vorzugsweise aus Kunststoffasern. Derartige Polster können außer in der Luftfahrtindustrie auch in der Fahrzeugund Möbelindustrie angewendet werden. Die einzelnen Fasern 6 sind innerhalb des Polsters 2 in vorzugsweise unregelmäßig verlaufenden räumlich gekrümmten Linien angeordnet, so daß diese bei Belastung des Polsters vorwiegend auf Biegung beansprucht werden. Infolge der Elastizität der Fasern 6 nimmt das Polster 2 nach Entlastung immer wieder seine ursprüngliche Gestalt an. Das spezifische Gewicht der in Betracht kommenden Kunststoffe liegt etwa zwischen 1,1 und 1,5 g/cm3. Damit sind Polsterkerne herstellbar, die bei einem Raumgewicht von etwa 60 bis 200 kg/m3 die erforderlichen mechanischen Eigenschaften aufweisen.Figure 1 shows a head cushion 1 with a pole star core 2, a covering 3 and a fabric cover 4. The cushion 1 is held by a U-shaped support 5 which penetrates the cushion core 2. The core 2 consists of relatively temperature-resistant fibers 6, preferably plastic fibers. Such cushions can be used in the automotive and furniture industries in addition to the aerospace industry. The individual fibers 6 are arranged within the cushion 2 in preferably irregularly extending, spatially curved lines, so that these are predominantly subjected to bending when the cushion is loaded. As a result of the elasticity of the fibers 6, the cushion 2 takes on its original shape again and again after relief. The specific weight of the plastics in question is approximately between 1.1 and 1.5 g / cm 3 . Upholstery cores can thus be produced which have the required mechanical properties at a density of about 60 to 200 kg / m 3 .

Als Grundmaterialien zur Herstellung der Fasern 6 kommen unter anderen folgende Werkstoffe in Frage.

  • Extrudierbare Kunststoffe
    • 1. Polyetheretherketon (PEEK).
    • 2. Polyetherimid, (PEI).
    • 3. Polyamidimid, (PAI).
    • 4. Polyethersulfon, (PES).
  • Nicht extrudierbare Kunststoffe
    • 5. Aramid
    • 6. Polybenzimidazol, (PBI)
    • 7. Plyakrylnitril, (PAN)
The following materials may be used as basic materials for the production of the fibers 6.
  • Extrudable plastics
    • 1. Polyether ether ketone (PEEK).
    • 2. Polyetherimide, (PEI).
    • 3. Polyamideimide, (PAI).
    • 4. Polyethersulfone, (PES).
  • Non-extrudable plastics
    • 5. Aramid
    • 6. Polybenzimidazole, (PBI)
    • 7. Plyacrylonitrile, (PAN)

Figur 2 zeigt eine Form 7 zum Herstellen von Polsterkernen. Diese Form 7 besteht aus einer oberen Hälfte 8 und einer unteren Hälfte 9, die sich in der Teilungsebene 10 berühren. Die Form 7 ist teilweise geschnitten. Der gestrichelt dargestellte Hohlraum hat die Gestalt des herzustellenden Polsters 11. Die Hälften 8, weisen Kühlkanäle 12 auf, so daB die Form 7 durch ein innerhalb derWandung der Form durch die Kanäle 12 strömendes Kühlmittel gekühlt wird. Innerhalb der Form 7 sind zwei Düsen 13 und 14 angeordnet, die je eine Vielzahl von kleinen Bohrungen 17 aufweisen, und in Richtung der Pfeile 15 und 16 verschiebbar ausgeführt sind. Zur Herstellung eines Polsters 11 wird ein geeigneter Kunststoff durch die Bohrungen 17 in den Hohlraum der Form 7 extrudiert. Dabei tritt eine Vielzahl plastischer Kunststoffäden in die Form 7 ein und wird durch eine gesteuerte Bewegung der Düsen 13,14 in Richtung der Pfeile 15, 16 innerhalb der Form 7 gleichmäßig verteilt. Da die Form gekühlt wird, erstarren die Fäden zu ungleichmäßig verlaufenden räumlich gekrümmten Fasern 6. Durch Variation des Durchmessers der Bohrungen 17 sowie des Anteils der Fasern 6 am Formvolumen kann die jeweils geforderte Beschaffenheit der Polster eingestellt werden. Da die Fasern 6 in der Form 7 erstarren, entspricht deren äußere Kontur der äußeren Gestalt des herzustellenden Polsterkerns 11, wenn dieser der Form 7 entnommen wird.Figure 2 shows a mold 7 for the manufacture of cushion cores. This shape 7 consists of an upper half 8 and a lower half 9, which touch in the parting plane 10. The shape 7 is partially cut. The cavity shown in dashed lines has the shape of the cushion 11 to be produced. The halves 8 have cooling channels 12, so that the mold 7 is cooled by a coolant flowing through the channels 12 within the wall of the mold. Arranged within the mold 7 are two nozzles 13 and 14, each of which has a multiplicity of small bores 17 and are designed to be displaceable in the direction of the arrows 15 and 16. To produce a cushion 11, a suitable plastic is extruded through the bores 17 into the cavity of the mold 7. A large number of plastic threads enter the mold 7 and are evenly distributed within the mold 7 by a controlled movement of the nozzles 13, 14 in the direction of the arrows 15, 16. Since the mold is cooled, the threads solidify into spatially curved fibers 6 which run unevenly. By varying the diameter of the bores 17 and the proportion of the fibers 6 in the mold volume, the respectively required quality of the upholstery can be adjusted. Since the fibers 6 solidify in the mold 7, their outer contour corresponds to the outer shape of the upholstery core 11 to be produced when it is removed from the mold 7.

Figur 3 zeigt in einem Ausschnitt aus einem Polsterkern mit Fasern 6 eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung. Diese besteht darin, daß die Fasern 6 mit einem Überzug aus einem Klebstoff versehen sind, der diese als dünne Haut umgibt und an den Berührungsstellen der Fasern 6 Knoten 19 bildet. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß die gegenseitigen Berührungsstellen der einzelnen Fasern 6 durch Kleben als Knoten ausgebildet sind. Der Überzug kann durch Tauchen oder Sprühen aufgetragen sein und besteht im allgemeinen aus einem geeigneten Harz, z.ß. auf Polyimid-Basis. Es ist auch denkbar, daß als Überzugsmaterial ein Silicon-Elastomer verwendet wird. Hierdurch wird die Wärmebeständigkeit der Fasern 6 weiter erhöht. Es ist weiterhin denkbar, daß dem Überzug feuerhemmende Wirkstoffe enthaltende Mikrohohlkugeln beigemischt sind.FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the invention in a section of an upholstery core with fibers 6. This consists in that the fibers 6 are provided with a coating of an adhesive which surrounds them as a thin skin and forms 6 nodes 19 at the points of contact of the fibers. This ensures that the mutual points of contact of the individual fibers 6 are formed by gluing as nodes. The coating can be applied by dipping or spraying and generally consists of a suitable resin, e.g. based on polyimide. It is also conceivable that a silicone elastomer is used as the coating material. This further increases the heat resistance of the fibers 6. It is also conceivable for the coating to contain hollow microspheres containing fire-retardant active ingredients.

Figur 4 zeigt in einem Ausschnitt eine weitere Ausgestaltung eines Polsters. Hier sind die Fasern 6 an ihren Berührungsstellen miteinander verschweißt. Die Schweißstellen 20 ergeben sich automatisch, wenn die Eigentemperatur der Fasern nach dem Extrudieren hierzu ausreicht.Figure 4 shows a detail of a further embodiment of a cushion. Here the fibers 6 are welded together at their contact points. The welds 20 result automatically if the intrinsic temperature of the fibers is sufficient for this after the extrusion.

Eine Ausgestaltung des Formvorganges besteht darin, daß das Extrudieren von oben in eine oben offene Form erfolgt und die Form erst danach geschlossen wird. Auch hierbei führen die Düsen gesteuerte Bewegungen aus, um die Fasern gleichmäßig zu verteilen.One embodiment of the molding process is that the extrusion takes place from above into an open mold and the mold is only closed afterwards. Here, too, the nozzles perform controlled movements in order to distribute the fibers evenly.

Die Herstellung eines Polsterkernes der vorgenannten Art kann auch dadurch erfolgen, daß vorgefertigte Fasern 6 durch Wärme plastifiziert und mittels der Form 7 in die Gestalt des Polsterkernes gebracht werden und die Fasern 6 aus einem Kunststoff wie Aramid, Polybenzimidazol, Polyakrylnitril bestehen.The manufacture of an upholstery core of the aforementioned type can also take place in that prefabricated fibers 6 are plasticized by heat and brought into the shape of the upholstery core by means of the mold 7 and the fibers 6 consist of a plastic such as aramid, polybenzimidazole, polyacrylonitrile.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Form 7 eine Kühlflüssigkeit enthält, in die die Fasern 6 unmittelbar extrudiert werden.According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the mold 7 contains a cooling liquid into which the fibers 6 are directly extruded.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die Fasern 6 innerhalb der Form 7 durch eine von unten kommende Luftströmung bis zur Erstarrung in der Schwebe gehalten und gekühlt werden.According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the fibers 6 are held and cooled within the mold 7 by an air flow coming from below until solidification.

Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die Fasern 6 des Poisterkerns aus unterschiedlichen Materialien bestehen.A further embodiment of the invention is that the fibers 6 of the poister core consist of different materials.

Weiterhin ist es denkbar, daß der Kern 2 innerhalb der Form 7 mit einer vorzugsweise aus einem Silikonmaterial bestehenden Haut versehen wird.Furthermore, it is conceivable for the core 2 to be provided with a skin preferably made of a silicone material within the mold 7.

Claims (13)

1. A cushion core, in particular for an aircraft seat, substantially consisting of elastifibres which form within the cushion core a three-dimensional network, the fibres being connected together at points remote from one another, characterised in that the fibres (6) are endless fibres which have been produced by extruding a plastics material into a mould forming the cushion core (1, 11).
2. A cushion core according to claim 1, characterised in that the fibres (6) are produced from a temperature-resistant plastics material such as polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide, polyamid- imide, polyethersulphone, aramide, polybenzimidazole, polyacrylonitrile.
3. A cushion core according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the mutual points of contact of the individual fibres (6) are formed as nodes (19) by gluing.
4. A cushion core according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the mutual points of contact of the individual fibres (6) are formed as welds (20).
5. A process for producing a cushion core, in particular for an aircraft seat, the cushion core being formed inside a mould, characterised in that the fibres (6) are introduced by means of extrusion nozzles (13, 14) into the mould (7) and the fibres consist of a plastics material such as polyetheretherketone, polyetherimide, polyamid- imide, polyethersulphone.
6. A process according to claim 5, characterised in that during the extrusion the extrusion nozzles (13, 14) carry out a controlled relative movement relative to the mould (7).
7. A process for producing a cushion core, in particular for an aircraft seat, the cushion core being formed inside a mould, characterised in that prefabricated fibres (6) are platicized by heat and are brought by means of the mould (7) into the shape of the cushion core and the fibres consist of a plastics material such as aramide, polybenzylimidazole, polyacrylonitrile.
8. A process according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the mould (7) is cooled by a coolant flowing through ducts (12) inside the wall thereof.
9. A process according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterised in that the mould (7) is divided horizontally and the introduction of the fibres (6) is effected from above into the upwardly open mould (7).
10. A process according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterised in that the mould (7) contains a cooling liquid into which the fibres (6) are directly extruded.
11. A process according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterised in that the fibres (6) inside the mould (7) are kept suspended and cooled until solidification by an air current coming from below.
12. A process according to one of claims 5 to 11, characterised in that the fibres (6) are provided with a coating by immersion or spraying.
13. A process according to one of claims 5 to 12, characterised in that the cushion core (2) inside the mould (7) is provided with a skin made of a plastics material, such as silicone material.
EP86902321A 1985-04-09 1986-04-09 A cushion core, in particular for an aircraft seat, and a process for its manufacture Expired - Lifetime EP0217883B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8510425 1985-04-09
DEG0851042 1985-04-09
DE19853513414 DE3513414A1 (en) 1985-04-15 1985-04-15 Cushion cores and process for the production of cushion cores
DE3513414 1985-04-15

Publications (2)

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EP0217883A1 EP0217883A1 (en) 1987-04-15
EP0217883B1 true EP0217883B1 (en) 1990-09-19

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EP86902321A Expired - Lifetime EP0217883B1 (en) 1985-04-09 1986-04-09 A cushion core, in particular for an aircraft seat, and a process for its manufacture

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EP (1) EP0217883B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3690196C1 (en)
GB (1) GB2185044B (en)
WO (1) WO1986006114A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI86537C (en) * 1990-06-08 1992-09-10 Juha Vesa ANORDINATION FOR FRAME STEERING FORM.
JP2547673Y2 (en) * 1990-07-17 1997-09-10 幸一 平田 Cushioning material
JP3527507B2 (en) * 1992-08-04 2004-05-17 帝人ファイバー株式会社 Heat-resistant flame-retardant cushion material and vehicle seat
MX9700357A (en) * 1994-07-13 1997-04-30 Du Pont Fiber clusters molding process and equipment.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3459631A (en) * 1965-11-24 1969-08-05 Kem Wove Ind Inc Bendable,high loft,bonded,non-woven,textile fabric
DE1685164A1 (en) * 1967-05-17 1971-10-28 Borgers Johann Kg pad
US4040371A (en) * 1976-03-29 1977-08-09 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polysiloxane coated polyester fibers blended with other fibers to obtain fibrous mass having more acceptable flame resistance than a mass of unblended polysiloxane coated fibers
DE3007343A1 (en) * 1980-02-27 1981-09-10 Johann Borgers Gmbh & Co Kg, 4290 Bocholt Fibre body moulding - uses some fibres with fusible surface to give thermal bonding during press-moulding

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3690196C1 (en) 1989-10-26
WO1986006114A1 (en) 1986-10-23
DE3690196D2 (en) 1987-04-23
GB8628788D0 (en) 1987-01-07
GB2185044B (en) 1989-01-25
EP0217883A1 (en) 1987-04-15
GB2185044A (en) 1987-07-08

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