EP0217777A1 - Heat pipe with a capillary structure - Google Patents

Heat pipe with a capillary structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0217777A1
EP0217777A1 EP86870111A EP86870111A EP0217777A1 EP 0217777 A1 EP0217777 A1 EP 0217777A1 EP 86870111 A EP86870111 A EP 86870111A EP 86870111 A EP86870111 A EP 86870111A EP 0217777 A1 EP0217777 A1 EP 0217777A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
exchange surface
heat pipe
partition
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86870111A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0217777B1 (en
Inventor
Ranbir Singh Bhatti
Stéphane Van Oost
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Belge De Constructions Aeronautiques Sabca SA
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Belge De Constructions Aeronautiques Sabca SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority to BE0/215549A priority Critical patent/BE903187A/en
Priority claimed from BE0/215549A external-priority patent/BE903187A/en
Application filed by Belge De Constructions Aeronautiques Sabca SA filed Critical Belge De Constructions Aeronautiques Sabca SA
Priority to AT86870111T priority patent/ATE45212T1/en
Publication of EP0217777A1 publication Critical patent/EP0217777A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0217777B1 publication Critical patent/EP0217777B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • F28D15/046—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure

Definitions

  • a heat pipe is in the general form of a tube, of any section, hermetically sealed, the internal wall of which is lined with capillary tissue soaked in an adequate liquid.
  • this tube is heated, the liquid evaporates on the heated side while the vapor condenses on the cooled side. Finally, the condensate is returned to its starting point by capillary suction of the tissue.
  • the vapor phase in the heat pipe is quasi-isothermal, the only gradients occur by conduction of the evaporator and the condenser.
  • the heat pipe is therefore a quasi-isothermal system whatever its length.
  • the maximum heat transport capacity of the heat pipe is governed by the balance of the driving pressures (gravity, capillary suction) and the resistant pressures (pressure drops).
  • the subject of the invention is an internal structure of improved heat pipes which overcomes the drawbacks of conventional lattice capillary structures.
  • a heat pipe characterized by at least one permeable partition developing into a sheet brought into contact at regular intervals with the heat exchange surface so as to form therewith capillary channels having as lateral edges the aforementioned joints and so that said capillary channels have corners at an acute angle along their lateral edges, each partition having openings having a diameter or a width at least approximately equal to the maximum height of a channel.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross section of a cylindrical heat pipe according to the invention.
  • the outer tube 1 of the heat pipe constitutes the heat exchange surface of the evaporator zone.
  • the inner surface of the tube 1 is advantageously formed with grooves 2, the role of which will be seen below.
  • a first capillary partition 3 developing along a hexagonal parallelipipedic surface, the edges A, B .... of the parallelipipedic surface being for example welded to the tube 1.
  • several longitudinal capillary channels 10 are thus formed for the circulation of a liquid.
  • a second capillary partition 4 forming with the partition 3 several capillary channels 20 parallel to the channels 10.
  • a third partition 5 forming with the partition 4 longitudinal capillary channels 30. Additional partitions could also be provided in a similar manner.
  • a characteristic feature of the structure according to the invention is that the capillary channels 10, 20, 30 formed by the partitions inside the tube 1 have corners at an acute angle, such as 101, 102, 202, 301, 302 for example.
  • a second characteristic characteristic of the invention is the formation of a plurality of openings 6 in the partitions 3, 4, 5.
  • the vapor bubbles which form in the liquid channels 10, 20, 30 and which would tend to stagnate there are animated by a capillary push developed in a corner, which expels them from the corners 101 , 102, 201 ?? and bring them to the openings 6 which immediately evacuate them to the adjacent interior channel and finally into the central vapor channel 40 (see Figure 1).
  • This avoids the formation of steam plugs and an insulating vapor film which limit the transportable power in conventional heat pipes.
  • the grooves 2 advantageously formed in the internal face of the tube 1 and which have been mentioned previously, distributes the liquid, preferably housed in the aforementioned corners, over the entire internal surface of the tube subjected to the heat flow.
  • the aforementioned openings 6 have nothing to do with the meshes of a trellis usually used to constitute the permeable partitions.
  • the openings 6 are made in the partition with dimensions and a pitch chosen as a function of the maximum radial width of the channels. Designating by E the maximum height of a liquid channel, the optimal value of the diameter or width d of the openings is equal to approximately E.
  • the step e it is advantageous to choose it as small as possible, at the limit even of zero value, that is to say that the openings would be continuous slits. In practice, however, it has proved to be interesting and sufficient to choose the step equal to 4d.
  • FIG. 3 shows a heat pipe with a surface.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment in which the heat exchange surface 1 is planar.
  • this arrangement also has an appreciable mechanical advantage: that of allowing the bending of the heat pipe without degradation of the heat transport capacity, the geometric shape. liquid channels remaining in conformity with its initial arrangement thanks to the mechanical support of the folded partitions, kept in contact with the surface of the tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

1. A heat pipe comprising a heat exchange surface and at least a permeable partition forming a plurality of passages with the heat exchange surface, characterized by the or each partition (3, 4...) extending along a surface which joins said heat exchange surface (1) at regularly spaced intervals (A, B, C...) so as form with said heat exchange surface a number of capillary passages (10, 20, 30...) having the joining lines (A, B, C...) as lateral ends, said capillary passages having acute angle corners (101, 102, 201...) along their lateral ends, and by the or each partition (3, 4...) being formed with openings (6) having a diameter or a width (d) at least substantially equal to the maximum height (E) of a capillary passage.

Description

Un caloduc se présente sous la forme générale d'un tube, de section quelconque, hermétiquement scellé, dont la paroi interne est tapissée d'un tissu capillaire imbibé d'un liquide adéquat. Lorsque l'on chauffe ce tube, le liquide s'évapore du côté chauffé tandis que la vapeur se condense du côté refroidi. Enfin, le condensat est ramené à son point de départ par succion capillaire du tissu.A heat pipe is in the general form of a tube, of any section, hermetically sealed, the internal wall of which is lined with capillary tissue soaked in an adequate liquid. When this tube is heated, the liquid evaporates on the heated side while the vapor condenses on the cooled side. Finally, the condensate is returned to its starting point by capillary suction of the tissue.

Lorsque le caloduc est incliné, évaporateur en-dessous, la gravité favorise fortement le retour du liquide tandis que la succion capillaire assure le mouillage efficace de toutes les surfaces d'évaporation et de condensation.When the heat pipe is tilted, evaporator below, gravity strongly favors the return of the liquid while the capillary suction ensures effective wetting of all the surfaces of evaporation and condensation.

La phase vapeur dans le caloduc est quasi-isotherme, les seuls gradients se produisent par conduction de l'évaporateur et du condenseur. Le caloduc est donc un système quasi-isotherme quelle que soit sa longueur. La capacité de transport de chaleur maximum du caloduc est régie par l'équilibre des pressions motrices (gra­vité, succion capillaire) et des pressions résistantes (pertes de charge).The vapor phase in the heat pipe is quasi-isothermal, the only gradients occur by conduction of the evaporator and the condenser. The heat pipe is therefore a quasi-isothermal system whatever its length. The maximum heat transport capacity of the heat pipe is governed by the balance of the driving pressures (gravity, capillary suction) and the resistant pressures (pressure drops).

Une structure capillaire interne usuelle dans un caloduc utilise des cloisons perméables sous forme de treillis cylindriques concentriques. Cette structure a pour in­convénient de voir sa puissance calorifique transporta­ble limitée par deux phénomènes :

  • a) formation de bouchons de vapeur ou de gaz dans les canaux prévus pour la circulation du liquide dans les zones de chauffage.
  • b) formation d'un film de vapeur isolant qui engendre des gradients de température importants, préjudiciables à la supraconductivité recherchée dans le domaine de la trans­mission de chaleur.
A common internal capillary structure in a heat pipe uses permeable partitions in the form of concentric cylindrical lattices. The disadvantage of this structure is that its transportable heat capacity is limited by two phenomena:
  • a) formation of vapor or gas plugs in the channels provided for the circulation of the liquid in the heating zones.
  • b) formation of an insulating vapor film which generates significant temperature gradients, detrimental to the desired superconductivity in the field of heat transmission.

De plus, ces caloducs connus subissent une très forte dé­gradation de leurs performances après cintrage, ce qui les rend impropres à leur utilisation dans certaines applica­tions telles que le domaine des satellites artificiels, par exemple.In addition, these known heat pipes undergo a very strong deterioration in their performance after bending, which makes them unsuitable for use in certain applications such as the field of artificial satellites, for example.

L'invention a pour objet une structure interne de caloducs perfectionnée qui pallie les inconvénients des structures capillaires à treillis usuelles.The subject of the invention is an internal structure of improved heat pipes which overcomes the drawbacks of conventional lattice capillary structures.

Cet objectif est atteint, selon l'invention, par un calo­duc caractérisé par au moins une cloison perméable se dé­veloppant en une nappe mise en contact à intervalles ré­guliers avec la surface d'échange thermique de manière à former avec celle-ci des canaux capillaires ayant comme bords latéraux les jointures précitées et de manière que lesdits canaux capillaires présentent des coins à angle aigu le long de leurs bords latéraux, chaque cloison pré­sentant des ouvertures ayant un diamètre ou une largeur au moins approximativement égale à la hauteur maximale d'un canal.This objective is achieved, according to the invention, by a heat pipe characterized by at least one permeable partition developing into a sheet brought into contact at regular intervals with the heat exchange surface so as to form therewith capillary channels having as lateral edges the aforementioned joints and so that said capillary channels have corners at an acute angle along their lateral edges, each partition having openings having a diameter or a width at least approximately equal to the maximum height of a channel.

D'autres particularités de l'invention ressortiront de l'exposé de l'invention.Other features of the invention will emerge from the description of the invention.

L'invention est exposée dans ce qui suit en s'appuyant sur les dessins ci-annexés dans lequels:

  • . la figure 1 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un mode d'exécution exemplaire d'un caloduc selon l'inven­tion;
  • . la figure 2 montre schématiquement l'effet cinétique créé avec la disposition selon l'invention;
  • . les figures 3 et 4 illustrent deux autres exemples d'exécution typiques de la disposition selon l'invention.
The invention is set out in the following based on the accompanying drawings in which:
  • . Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a heat pipe according to the invention;
  • . Figure 2 schematically shows the kinetic effect created with the arrangement according to the invention;
  • . Figures 3 and 4 illustrate two other typical embodiments of the arrangement according to the invention.

Se reportant aux dessins, la figure 1 montre une coupe transversale d'un caloduc cylindrique selon l'invention. Le tube extérieur 1 du caloduc constitue la surface d'échange thermique de la zone évaporateur. La surface intérieure du tube 1 est avantageusement formée avec des rainures 2 dont on verra le rôle plus loin. A l'intérieur du tube 1 est fixée une première cloison capillaire3 se développant suivant une surface parallélipipédique hexagonale, les arêtes A, B.... de la surface parallélipipédique étant par exemple soudées au tube 1. Entre la surface 3 et le tube 1 sont ainsi formés plusieurs canaux capil­laires longitudinaux 10 pour la circulation d'un liquide.Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows a cross section of a cylindrical heat pipe according to the invention. The outer tube 1 of the heat pipe constitutes the heat exchange surface of the evaporator zone. The inner surface of the tube 1 is advantageously formed with grooves 2, the role of which will be seen below. Inside the tube 1 is fixed a first capillary partition 3 developing along a hexagonal parallelipipedic surface, the edges A, B .... of the parallelipipedic surface being for example welded to the tube 1. Between the surface 3 and the tube 1 several longitudinal capillary channels 10 are thus formed for the circulation of a liquid.

A l'intérieur de la cloison 3 est fixée une deuxième cloison capillaire 4 formant avec la cloison 3 plusieurs canaux capillaires 20 parallèles aux canaux 10. Et à l'intérieur de la cloison 4 est fixée une troisième cloison 5 formant avec la cloison 4 des canaux capillaires longitudinaux 30. Des cloisons supplémentaires pourraient encore être prévues d'une façon similaire.Inside the partition 3 is fixed a second capillary partition 4 forming with the partition 3 several capillary channels 20 parallel to the channels 10. And inside the partition 4 is fixed a third partition 5 forming with the partition 4 longitudinal capillary channels 30. Additional partitions could also be provided in a similar manner.

Une particularité caractéristique de la structure selon l'invention est que les canaux capillaires 10, 20, 30 formés par les cloisons à l'intérieur du tube 1 pré­sentent des coins à angle aigu, tels que 101, 102, 202, 301, 302 par exemple. Une seconde particularité caractéristique de l'invention est la formation d'une pluralité d'ouvertures 6 dans les cloisons 3, 4, 5.A characteristic feature of the structure according to the invention is that the capillary channels 10, 20, 30 formed by the partitions inside the tube 1 have corners at an acute angle, such as 101, 102, 202, 301, 302 for example. A second characteristic characteristic of the invention is the formation of a plurality of openings 6 in the partitions 3, 4, 5.

Grâce à ces deux particularités combinées, les bulles de vapeur qui se forment dans les canaux de liquide 10, 20, 30 et qui auraient tendance à y stagner, se trouvent animées par une poussée capillaire développée dans un coin, qui les expulsent des coins 101, 102, 201...... et les aménent vers les ouvertures 6 qui les évacuent immédiatement vers le canal adjacent intérieur et finalement dans le canal de vapeur central 40 (voir figure 1). On évite ainsi la formation de bouchons de vapeur et de film de vapeur isolant qui limitent la puissance transportable dans les caloducs classiques. Les rainures 2 formées avantageusement dans la face interne du tube 1 et que l'on a mentionnées précédemment, réalise la distribution du liquide, logé préférentiellement dans les coins précités, sur l'entièreté de la surface interne du tube soumise au flux de chaleur.Thanks to these two peculiarities combined, the vapor bubbles which form in the liquid channels 10, 20, 30 and which would tend to stagnate there, are animated by a capillary push developed in a corner, which expels them from the corners 101 , 102, 201 ...... and bring them to the openings 6 which immediately evacuate them to the adjacent interior channel and finally into the central vapor channel 40 (see Figure 1). This avoids the formation of steam plugs and an insulating vapor film which limit the transportable power in conventional heat pipes. The grooves 2 advantageously formed in the internal face of the tube 1 and which have been mentioned previously, distributes the liquid, preferably housed in the aforementioned corners, over the entire internal surface of the tube subjected to the heat flow.

Il est à noter que les ouvertures 6 précitées n'ont rien à voir avec les mailles d'un treillis habituel­lement utilisé pour constituer les cloisons perméables. Les ouvertures 6 sont réalisées dans la cloison avec des dimensions et un pas choisis en fonction de la largeur radiale maximale des canaux. Désignant par E la hauteur maximale d'un canal de liquide, la valeur optimale du diamètre ou de la largeur d des ouvertures est égale à environ E. Quant au pas e, il est avan­tageux de le choisir le plus petit possible, à la limite même de valeur nulle, c'est-à-dire que les ouvertures seraient des fentes continues. En pratique, cependant, il s'est avéré intéressant et suffisant de choisir le pas égal à 4d.It should be noted that the aforementioned openings 6 have nothing to do with the meshes of a trellis usually used to constitute the permeable partitions. The openings 6 are made in the partition with dimensions and a pitch chosen as a function of the maximum radial width of the channels. Designating by E the maximum height of a liquid channel, the optimal value of the diameter or width d of the openings is equal to approximately E. As for the step e , it is advantageous to choose it as small as possible, at the limit even of zero value, that is to say that the openings would be continuous slits. In practice, however, it has proved to be interesting and sufficient to choose the step equal to 4d.

L'invention n'est nullement limitée au mode d'exécution exemplaire illustré à la figure 1. Deux autres exemples d'exécution typiques sont illustrés aux figures 3 et 4. Le mode d'exécution illustré à la figure 3 montre un caloduc à surface d'échange cylindrique avec une cloison perméable se développant suivant une surface polyédrique quelconque. Des cloisons additionnelles peuvent bien sûr être prévues comme décrit précédemment. La figure 4 illustre un mode d'exécution dans lequel la surface d'échange thermique 1 est plane.The invention is in no way limited to the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1. Two other typical execution examples are illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4. The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3 shows a heat pipe with a surface. cylindrical exchange with a permeable partition developing along any polyhedral surface. Additional partitions can of course be provided as described above. FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment in which the heat exchange surface 1 is planar.

En plus des avantages que procure la disposition selon l'invention sur le plan de la puissance calori­fique transportable, cette disposition a encore un avantage mécanique appréciable: celui de permettre le cintrage du caloduc sans dégradation de la capacité de transport de chaleur, la forme géométrique des canaux de liquide restant conforme à sa disposition initiale grâce au support mécanique des cloisons pliées, maintenues en contact avec la surface du tube.In addition to the advantages provided by the arrangement according to the invention in terms of transportable heat capacity, this arrangement also has an appreciable mechanical advantage: that of allowing the bending of the heat pipe without degradation of the heat transport capacity, the geometric shape. liquid channels remaining in conformity with its initial arrangement thanks to the mechanical support of the folded partitions, kept in contact with the surface of the tube.

Claims (6)

1. Caloduc comprenant une surface d'échange thermique et au moins une cloison perméable formant avec la surface d'échange thermique plusieurs canaux, caractérisé en ce que la ou chaque cloison (3, 4 ...) se développe suivant une nappe mise en contact à intervalles réguliers (A, B, C ...) avec la surface d'échange thermique (1) de manière à former avec celle-ci des canaux capillaires (10, 20, 30 ...) ayant comme bords latéraux les jointures (A, B, C ...) précitées et de manière que lesdits canaux capil­laires présentent des coins à angle aigu (101, 102, 201, ...) le long de leurs bords latéraux, et en ce que la ou chaque cloison (3, 4 ...) présente des ouvertures (6) ayant un diamètre ou une largeur (d) au moins approxima­tivement égale à la hauteur maximale (E) d'un canal.1. A heat pipe comprising a heat exchange surface and at least one permeable partition forming with the heat exchange surface several channels, characterized in that the or each partition (3, 4, etc.) develops along a sheet laid contact at regular intervals (A, B, C ...) with the heat exchange surface (1) so as to form therewith capillary channels (10, 20, 30 ...) having as lateral edges the joints (A, B, C ...) above and so that said capillary channels have corners at an acute angle (101, 102, 201, ...) along their lateral edges, and in that the or each partition (3, 4 ...) has openings (6) having a diameter or a width (d) at least approximately equal to the maximum height (E) of a channel. 2. Caloduc selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend plusieurs cloisons (3, 4, 5 ...) mises en contact à intervalles réguliers entre elles et avec la sur­face d'échange thermique.2. A heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises several partitions (3, 4, 5 ...) brought into contact at regular intervals with each other and with the heat exchange surface. 3. Caloduc selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la ou les cloisons (3, 4 ...) se développent sui­vant une surface parallélipipédique polygonale inscrite dans une surface d'échange thermique cylindrique.3. Heat pipe according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the partition or partitions (3, 4 ...) develop along a polygonal parallelipipedal surface inscribed in a cylindrical heat exchange surface. 4. Caloduc selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la ou les cloisons (3, 4 ...) se développent sui­vant une surface polydérique quelconque.4. A heat pipe according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the partition or partitions (3, 4, etc.) develop along any polyderic surface. 5. Caloduc selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la face interne de la surface d'échange thermique (1) présente des rainures (2) perpendiculaires à la direction longitudinale des canaux précités.5. A heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal face of the heat exchange surface (1) has grooves (2) perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the aforementioned channels. 6. Caloduc selon la revendication 1 ou 2 , caractérisé en ce que la face interne de la surface d'échange thermique (1) est plane.6. Heat pipe according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the internal face of the heat exchange surface (1) is planar.
EP19860870111 1985-09-05 1986-08-11 Heat pipe with a capillary structure Expired EP0217777B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE0/215549A BE903187A (en) 1985-09-05 1985-09-05 Hermetically sealed tube capillary - has sheet defining permeable partitions with heat exchange surface
AT86870111T ATE45212T1 (en) 1985-09-05 1986-08-11 HEAT TUBE WITH CAPILLARY STRUCTURE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE215549 1985-09-05
BE0/215549A BE903187A (en) 1985-09-05 1985-09-05 Hermetically sealed tube capillary - has sheet defining permeable partitions with heat exchange surface

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0217777A1 true EP0217777A1 (en) 1987-04-08
EP0217777B1 EP0217777B1 (en) 1989-08-02

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DE (1) DE3664809D1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0574678A1 (en) * 1992-06-17 1993-12-22 ERNO Raumfahrttechnik Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Heat-pipe
EP1333237A2 (en) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-06 National Space Development Agency of Japan Accumulator
US6843308B1 (en) 2000-12-01 2005-01-18 Atmostat Etudes Et Recherches Heat exchanger device using a two-phase active fluid, and a method of manufacturing such a device

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3598177A (en) * 1968-10-29 1971-08-10 Gen Electric Conduit having a zero contact angle with an alkali working fluid and method of forming
US3892273A (en) * 1973-07-09 1975-07-01 Perkin Elmer Corp Heat pipe lobar wicking arrangement
US4019571A (en) * 1974-10-31 1977-04-26 Grumman Aerospace Corporation Gravity assisted wick system for condensers, evaporators and heat pipes

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3598177A (en) * 1968-10-29 1971-08-10 Gen Electric Conduit having a zero contact angle with an alkali working fluid and method of forming
US3892273A (en) * 1973-07-09 1975-07-01 Perkin Elmer Corp Heat pipe lobar wicking arrangement
US4019571A (en) * 1974-10-31 1977-04-26 Grumman Aerospace Corporation Gravity assisted wick system for condensers, evaporators and heat pipes

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0574678A1 (en) * 1992-06-17 1993-12-22 ERNO Raumfahrttechnik Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Heat-pipe
US6843308B1 (en) 2000-12-01 2005-01-18 Atmostat Etudes Et Recherches Heat exchanger device using a two-phase active fluid, and a method of manufacturing such a device
EP1333237A2 (en) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-06 National Space Development Agency of Japan Accumulator
EP1333237A3 (en) * 2002-02-05 2004-07-07 National Space Development Agency of Japan Accumulator

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Publication number Publication date
EP0217777B1 (en) 1989-08-02
DE3664809D1 (en) 1989-09-07

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