EP0216021A1 - Air-coolable furnace wall - Google Patents

Air-coolable furnace wall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0216021A1
EP0216021A1 EP86107903A EP86107903A EP0216021A1 EP 0216021 A1 EP0216021 A1 EP 0216021A1 EP 86107903 A EP86107903 A EP 86107903A EP 86107903 A EP86107903 A EP 86107903A EP 0216021 A1 EP0216021 A1 EP 0216021A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
stones
air
chamber wall
wall according
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86107903A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0216021B1 (en
Inventor
Max Schwalb
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Didier Werke AG
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Didier Werke AG
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Priority to AT86107903T priority Critical patent/ATE39996T1/en
Publication of EP0216021A1 publication Critical patent/EP0216021A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/02—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F23M5/085—Cooling thereof; Tube walls using air or other gas as the cooling medium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air-coolable combustion chamber wall for incinerators, in particular for waste incineration plants, consisting of at least one brickwork with a space for guiding cooling air along a wall side facing away from the combustion chamber side.
  • Combustion chamber walls of this type are known in which two masonry structures which are spaced apart are connected with individual spacers. On the firebox side, individual slots are open through which air is introduced into the firebox. Such constructions are not very stable.
  • an air-coolable combustion chamber wall is known, which is designed as a metallic air-supplying cavity wall, which is provided with air outlet openings on the combustion chamber side, a metallic plate wall being placed in front of the cavity walls on the fire chamber side and with the cavity of the cavity walls, the air outlet openings of which The inner jacket opens into the space between the inner jacket and the panel wall in front, communicates with the combustion chamber through openings in the panel wall offset with respect to the first-mentioned openings.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber wall of the generic type, which results in a more stable and effective wall construction at a lower cost.
  • the masonry is constructed from stones, the walls of which each enclose at least one air duct which is in flow communication with corresponding air ducts of adjacent stones.
  • Such masonry is simple and inexpensive to erect and results in a stable construction. Because of the resulting large cooling surfaces, there is already an effective reduction in the surface temperature with a relatively low air volume requirement and thus a reduction in slag caking on the combustion chamber side. Larger insulations can be avoided because the air in the air ducts of the stones serves as an effective insulator. An expensive steel structure is not necessary.
  • the reduction in the surface temperature of the wall area on the combustion chamber side is particularly favorable when the area of the wall of the stone on the combustion chamber side is smaller than the opposite surface of the wall of the stone facing the air duct. According to a further feature of the invention, this can be achieved, for example, by the wall surface facing the respective air duct having a surface-enlarging surface structure.
  • the surface-enlarging surface structure can be formed, for example, by groove-like recesses which run in the longitudinal direction of the channel, so that the flow resistance for the air flowing in the channels is not significantly impaired if the surface effectiveness is high.
  • Such groove-like recesses can also be produced in a simple manner.
  • the air duct of each stone can also be designed in two or more passages by partition walls running in the air flow direction.
  • the heat exchange with the air can be further improved, in particular if the surfaces of the partition walls also have a surface structure that increases the surface area.
  • connection channels in a special embodiment of the invention between the air channels of adjacent stones and / or the trains of one and the same stone.
  • air supply ducts themselves can exist between the air ducts and the combustion chamber. This allows the cooling air to enter the combustion chamber in order to be available as secondary air for the afterburning of the flue gases. Since the secondary air in the air ducts has already been warmed up, the flue gases are thoroughly mixed, the wall temperatures of the combustion chamber are further reduced, and slag caking is thus additionally prevented.
  • the connecting ducts and / or the air supply ducts can be formed in a simple manner by groove-like indentations in the end faces of the stones, which, if appropriate, complement one another with corresponding groove-like indentations of the stones above or below to form channels with a larger cross section.
  • the stones can be arranged in the association, that is to say offset from one another to one another.
  • Another feature of the invention is that adjacent stones are interlocked.
  • the toothing can take place both on the side wall outer surfaces between stones adjacent in a stone layer and between the facing end faces of the stones of adjacent layers in order to achieve a high stability of the wall construction.
  • the wall of the stone facing the firebox is thicker than its side walls.
  • air channel-free blocks for receiving anchoring elements and / or for closing off the air channels are arranged between or on the stones.
  • the blocks serve to close off the air ducts at the upper and lower ends, that is to say as a base and / or a cover.
  • the blocks can also be interlocked with stones in the manner described above.
  • the teeth of the stones and / or the blocks can be formed relatively easily by tongue and groove arrangements in the side wall outer surfaces and / or end faces of the stones and / or the blocks.
  • Both the stones and the blocks preferably have a height, a depth and a width which (in this order) add up to 64 mm, 125 mm and 250 mm or a multiple thereof.
  • the stones and blocks according to the invention fit into a grid of normal format (brick format) stones, so that they can easily be supplemented with bricking and the like in the same grid.
  • the stones and / or the blocks preferably consist of SiC, a material which has proven itself for combustion chamber walls. Because of the heat conduction, it is also proposed to brick the stones and / or blocks using SiC-containing fire cement.
  • the air-cooled combustion chamber wall is constructed from masonry of stones 1, the walls 2 of which each enclose at least one air duct 3 running parallel to the wall plane, so that a continuous duct is formed with the stones 1 of the same type arranged above and below. Measures have been taken so that the surface 13 of the wall 2 of the stone 1 on the combustion chamber side is smaller than the surface 14 of the wall 2 of the stone 1 facing the air duct 3. But not only the wall surface 14, but also the rest, the respective air duct 3 facing wall surfaces 4 have a surface-enlarging surface structure 5, which in the case shown is formed by groove-like recesses which run in the longitudinal direction of the duct, that is to say in the direction of air flow.
  • partition walls 6 extending in the air flow direction can be provided, so that, as shown in each case, two-pass or three-pass channels 3 are formed.
  • the surfaces of the partition walls 6 are also provided in the illustrated case by means of surface-enlarging surface structures, namely groove-like recesses running in the direction of flow to improve the heat transfer.
  • connecting channels 7 are formed in that groove-like indentations are provided in the end faces 9 of the stones 1, which complement each other with corresponding groove-like indentations of the stones 1 adjacent on the end face to form a full channel and in corresponding connecting channels 7 laterally pass in a stone layer of neighboring stones 1.
  • air supply ducts 8 are provided between the air ducts 3 and the combustion chamber, which air ducts are formed in the same way by groove-like indentations on the end face, which complement one another to form full ducts.
  • the stones 1 are arranged in order to improve the stability of the wall construction in the association, that is to say offset from layer to layer.
  • Adjacent stones 1 are interlocked by interlocking them in the side wall outer surfaces 12 by means of tongue and groove arrangements 11.
  • the tongue and groove arrangements 11 likewise run essentially in the longitudinal direction of the flow, which prevent the stones 1 from being displaced relative to one another perpendicular to the main wall plane.
  • tongue and groove arrangements running parallel to the main wall plane can also be provided in the end faces 9 of the stones 1, so that not only the mutual displacement of the stones 1 in one position, but also a mutual displacement of the stones 1 from layer to layer is prevented is.
  • air channel-free blocks 10 are arranged between or on the stones 3 provided with channels 3. These can accommodate a secure reception of anchoring elements for fastening the wall structure to an additional support or holding structure or can also serve to close the channels 3 at the end.
  • the blocks 10, like the stones 1, can be interlocked with one another with the stones 1.
  • the stones 1 and the blocks 10 preferably have a height of 64 mm, a depth of 125 mm and a width of 250 mm or a height, depth and width which add to these standard dimensions or a multiple thereof, so that they are simple Can be built in the same grid with so-called stonework from so-called normal formats.
  • the stones 1 and the blocks 10 are preferably made of SiC; they can be walled with fire cement containing SiC.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an air-cooled combustion chamber wall for combustion furnaces. The combustion chamber wall comprises at least one masonry wall with a space in the middle for the passage of cooling air along the side of the wall away from the combustion chamber side. To create a simple, stable and effective structure, the invention proposes that the masonry be made of bricks, whose walls enclose at least one air duct.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine luftkühlbare Feuerraumwand für Verbrennungsöfen, insbesondere für Müllverbrennungsanlagen, bestehend aus mindestens einem Mauerwerk mit Zwischenraum für die Führung von Kühlluft an einer der Feuerraumseite abgewandten Wandseite entlang.The invention relates to an air-coolable combustion chamber wall for incinerators, in particular for waste incineration plants, consisting of at least one brickwork with a space for guiding cooling air along a wall side facing away from the combustion chamber side.

Es sind Feuerraumwände dieser Art bekannt, bei welchen zwei mit Abstand voneinander errichtete Mauerwerke mit einzelnen Abstandshaltern verbunden sind. Zur Feuerraumseite sind einzelne Schlitze geöffnet, durch welche Luft in den Feuerraum eingeführt wird. Derartige Konstruktionen sind nicht sehr stabil. Aus der DE-PS 23 17 064 ist eine luftkühlbare Feuerraumwand bekannt, welche als metallische luftzuführende Hohlwand ausgebildet ist, die feuerraumseitig mit Luftaustrittsöffnungen versehen ist, wobei den Hohlwänden feuerraumseitig im Abstand eine metallische Plattenwand vorge­setzt ist und wobei der Hohlraum der Hohlwände, deren Luftaustrittsöffnungen im Innenmantel in den zwischen Innenmantel und vorgesetzter Plattenwand liegenden Zwischenraum münden, durch gegenüber den erstgenannten Öffnungen versetzte Öffnungen in der Plattenwand mit dem Feuerraum in Verbindung steht. Hierdurch soll erreicht werden, daß einerseits die feuerzonennahen Innenwandflächen keine zur Aschenschmelzung führenden Temperaturen erreichen und eine wesentliche Verminderung der Außentemperatur eintritt. Derartige Stahlkonstruktionen sind begrenzt auf eine maximale Anwen­dungstemperatur von ca. 600 °C . Sie haben einen großen Luftmengenbedarf für die Kühlung und sind außerordentlich kostenaufwendig.Combustion chamber walls of this type are known in which two masonry structures which are spaced apart are connected with individual spacers. On the firebox side, individual slots are open through which air is introduced into the firebox. Such constructions are not very stable. From DE-PS 23 17 064 an air-coolable combustion chamber wall is known, which is designed as a metallic air-supplying cavity wall, which is provided with air outlet openings on the combustion chamber side, a metallic plate wall being placed in front of the cavity walls on the fire chamber side and with the cavity of the cavity walls, the air outlet openings of which The inner jacket opens into the space between the inner jacket and the panel wall in front, communicates with the combustion chamber through openings in the panel wall offset with respect to the first-mentioned openings. This is to ensure that, on the one hand, the inner wall surfaces near the fire zone do not reach any temperatures leading to the melting of the ashes, and a substantial reduction in the outside temperature occurs. Such steel structures are limited to a maximum application temperature of approx. 600 ° C. They have a large air volume requirement for cooling and are extremely costly.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Feuerraumwand der gattungsgemäßen Art zu schaffen, welche mit geringerem Kostenaufwand eine stabilere und wirksamere Wandkonstruktion ergibt.The object of the present invention is to provide a combustion chamber wall of the generic type, which results in a more stable and effective wall construction at a lower cost.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß im wesentlichen dadurch gelöst, daß das Mauerwerk aus Steinen aufgebaut ist, deren Wandungen jeweils mindestens einen mit entsprechenden Luftkanälen benachbarter Steine in Strömungsver­bindung stehenden Luftkanal umschließen. Ein solches Mauerwerk ist einfach und preisgünstig zu errichten und ergibt eine stabile Konstruktion. Wegen der sich ergebenden großen Kühlflächen ergibt sich bei verhältnismäßig geringem Luftmengenbedarf schon eine wirksame Verringerung der Oberflächentemperatur und dadurch Reduzierung von feuerraumseitigen Schlackenanbackungen. Größere Isolierungen können vermieden werden, da die in den Luftkanälen der Steine geführte Luft als wirksamer Isolator dient. Eine teure Stahlkonstruktion ist entbehrlich.This object is achieved according to the invention essentially in that the masonry is constructed from stones, the walls of which each enclose at least one air duct which is in flow communication with corresponding air ducts of adjacent stones. Such masonry is simple and inexpensive to erect and results in a stable construction. Because of the resulting large cooling surfaces, there is already an effective reduction in the surface temperature with a relatively low air volume requirement and thus a reduction in slag caking on the combustion chamber side. Larger insulations can be avoided because the air in the air ducts of the stones serves as an effective insulator. An expensive steel structure is not necessary.

Die Verminderung der Oberflächentemperatur der feuerraumseitigen Wandfläche ist dann besonders günstig, wenn die feuerraumseitige Fläche der Wandung des Steines kleiner ist als die gegenüberliegende, dem Luftkanal zugewandte Fläche der Wandung des Steines. Dies läßt sich gemäß einem weiteren Erfin­dungsmerkmal beispielsweise dadurch verwirklichen, daß die dem jeweiligen Luftkanal zugewandte Wandungsfläche eine flächenvergrößernde Oberflächenstruktur aufweist.The reduction in the surface temperature of the wall area on the combustion chamber side is particularly favorable when the area of the wall of the stone on the combustion chamber side is smaller than the opposite surface of the wall of the stone facing the air duct. According to a further feature of the invention, this can be achieved, for example, by the wall surface facing the respective air duct having a surface-enlarging surface structure.

Die flächenvergrößernde Oberflächenstruktur kann beispielsweise durch nutartige Aussparungen gebildet sein, welche in Kanallängsrichtung verlaufen, so daß bei großer Oberflächenwirksamkeit der Strömungswiderstand für die in dem Kanälen strömende Luft nicht wesentlich beeinträchtigt wird. Derartige nutartige Aussparungen lassen sich auch auf einfache Weise herstellen.The surface-enlarging surface structure can be formed, for example, by groove-like recesses which run in the longitudinal direction of the channel, so that the flow resistance for the air flowing in the channels is not significantly impaired if the surface effectiveness is high. Such groove-like recesses can also be produced in a simple manner.

Bei hoher Feuerraumbelastung kann der Luftkanal jedes Steines weiterhin durch in Luftströmungsrichtung verlaufende Unterteilungswände zwei- oder mehrzugig ausgebildet sein. Dadurch kann der Wärmeaustausch mit der Luft noch weiter verbessert werden, insbesondere wenn auch die Oberflächen der Unterteilungswände eine flächenvergrößernde Oberflächenstruktur aufweisen.In the case of a high combustion chamber load, the air duct of each stone can also be designed in two or more passages by partition walls running in the air flow direction. As a result, the heat exchange with the air can be further improved, in particular if the surfaces of the partition walls also have a surface structure that increases the surface area.

Es ist auch möglich, in den Luftkanälen bzw. -zügen zusätzliche oberflächenvergrößernde Einsatzstrukturen, ähnlich einem Cowper-System, anzuordnen.It is also possible to arrange additional surface-enlarging insert structures, similar to a Cowper system, in the air ducts or ducts.

Um eine gleichmäßige Wärmeabfuhr durch Druckausgleich zwischen den ein­zelnen Luftkanälen zu gewährleisten, bestehen bei einer besonderen Aus­gestaltung der Erfindung zwischen den Luftkanälen benachbarter Steine und/oder den Zügen ein und desselben Steines Verbindungskanäle.In order to ensure uniform heat dissipation by pressure equalization between the individual air channels, there are connection channels in a special embodiment of the invention between the air channels of adjacent stones and / or the trains of one and the same stone.

Ferner können zwischen den Luftkanälen und dem Feuerraum selbst Luft­zufuhrkanäle bestehen. Hierdurch kann die Kühlluft in den Feuerraum eintre­ten, um als Sekundarluft für die Nachverbrennung der Rauchgase zur Verfügung zu stehen. Da die Sekundärluft in den Luftkanälen bereits auf­gewärmt ist, erfolgt eine gute Durchmischung der Rauchgase, weitere Absenkung der Wandtemperaturen des Feuerraums und dadurch zusätzliche Verhinderung des Anbackens von Schlacke.Furthermore, air supply ducts themselves can exist between the air ducts and the combustion chamber. This allows the cooling air to enter the combustion chamber in order to be available as secondary air for the afterburning of the flue gases. Since the secondary air in the air ducts has already been warmed up, the flue gases are thoroughly mixed, the wall temperatures of the combustion chamber are further reduced, and slag caking is thus additionally prevented.

Nach der Erfindung können die Verbindungskanäle und/oder die Luft­zufuhrkanäle auf einfache Weise durch nutartige Einformungen in den Stirnflächen der Steine gebildet sein, welche sich gegebenenfalls mit entsprechenden nutartigen Einformungen der jeweils darüber- bzw. darun­terliegenden Steine zu Kanälen mit größerem Querschnitt ergänzen.According to the invention, the connecting ducts and / or the air supply ducts can be formed in a simple manner by groove-like indentations in the end faces of the stones, which, if appropriate, complement one another with corresponding groove-like indentations of the stones above or below to form channels with a larger cross section.

Zur Verbesserung der Stabilität der Wandkonstruktion können die Steine im Verband, also von Lage zu Lage versetzt zueinander angeordnet sein.In order to improve the stability of the wall construction, the stones can be arranged in the association, that is to say offset from one another to one another.

Ferner besteht ein weiteres Erfindungsmerkmal darin, daß benachbarte Steine miteinander verzahnt sind. Die Verzahnung kann sowohl an den Seitenwandaußenflächen zwischen in einer Steinlage benachbarten Steinen als auch zwischen den einander zugekehrten Stirnflächen der Steine benachbarter Lagen erfolgen, um eine hohe Stabilität der Wandkonstruktion zu erzielen.Another feature of the invention is that adjacent stones are interlocked. The toothing can take place both on the side wall outer surfaces between stones adjacent in a stone layer and between the facing end faces of the stones of adjacent layers in order to achieve a high stability of the wall construction.

Um die Standzeit einer solchen Wandkonstruktion zu erhöhen, kann ferner bei einer besonderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, daß die dem Feurraum zugewandte Wandung des Steines stärker ist als seine Seitenwandungen.In order to increase the service life of such a wall construction, it can further be provided in a special embodiment of the invention that the wall of the stone facing the firebox is thicker than its side walls.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, wenn zwischen oder auf den Steinen luftkanal­freie Blöcke für die Aufnahme von Verankerungselementen und/oder den Abschluß der Luftkanäle angeordnet sind. Auf diese Weise ist ohne großen Konstruktionsaufwand eine Halterung der Feuerraumwand an einer rückwärtigen Bauwerkskonstruktion, beispielsweise Stahlkonstruktion möglich. Außerdem dienen die Blöcke dem Abschluß der Luftkanäle am oberen und am unteren Ende, also sozusagen als Boden und/oder als Deckel.It is particularly advantageous if air channel-free blocks for receiving anchoring elements and / or for closing off the air channels are arranged between or on the stones. In this way, it is possible to mount the combustion chamber wall on a rear building structure, for example a steel structure, without great design effort. In addition, the blocks serve to close off the air ducts at the upper and lower ends, that is to say as a base and / or a cover.

Auch die Blöcke können mit Steinen in der zuvor geschilderten Art verzahnt sein.The blocks can also be interlocked with stones in the manner described above.

Die Verzahnung der Steine und/oder der Blöcke kann verhältnismäßig einfach durch Nut- oder Federanordnungen in den Seitenwandungsaußenflächen und/oder Stirnflächen der Steine und/oder der Blöcke gebildet sein.The teeth of the stones and / or the blocks can be formed relatively easily by tongue and groove arrangements in the side wall outer surfaces and / or end faces of the stones and / or the blocks.

Sowohl die Steine als auch die Blöcke haben vorzugsweise eine Höhe, eine Tiefe und eine Breite, die sich (in dieser Reihenfolge) auf 64 mm, 125 mm und 250 mm oder ein Vielfaches davon ergänzen. Hierdurch passen die erfindungsgemäßen Steine und Blöcke in ein Raster von Normalformat (Ziegelsteinformat)-Steinen, so daß sie ohne weiteres mit Beimauerungen und dergleichen im gleichen Raster ergänzt werden können.Both the stones and the blocks preferably have a height, a depth and a width which (in this order) add up to 64 mm, 125 mm and 250 mm or a multiple thereof. As a result, the stones and blocks according to the invention fit into a grid of normal format (brick format) stones, so that they can easily be supplemented with bricking and the like in the same grid.

Bevorzugt bestehen die Steine und/oder die Blöcke aus SiC, ein Material, welches sich für Feuerraumwände bewährt hat. Wegen der Wärmeleitung wird ferner vorgeschlagen, die Steine und/oder Blöcke mittels SiC-haltigem Feuerkitt zu vermauern.The stones and / or the blocks preferably consist of SiC, a material which has proven itself for combustion chamber walls. Because of the heat conduction, it is also proposed to brick the stones and / or blocks using SiC-containing fire cement.

Weitere Ziele, Merkmale, Vorteile und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung. Dabei bilden alle beschriebenen und/oder bildlich dargestellten Merkmale für sich oder in beliebiger sinnvoller Kombination den Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfin­dung, auch unabhängig von ihrer Zusammenfassung in den Ansprüchen oder deren Rückbeziehung.Further objectives, features, advantages and possible uses of the present invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawing. All of the described and / or illustrated features, alone or in any meaningful combination, form the subject matter of the present invention, regardless of how they are summarized in the claims or their relationship.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 in Schrägansicht, teilweise weggebrochen, einen Ausschnitt aus einer die Erfindung aufweisenden Feuerraumwand, und
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf einen Ausschnitt von erfindungsgemäßen Steinen nebeneinander in einer Lage.
Show it:
  • Fig. 1 in an oblique view, partially broken away, a section of a combustion chamber wall having the invention, and
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of a section of stones according to the invention side by side in one layer.

Gemäß Fig. 1 ist die luftkühlbare Feuerraumwand aus einem Mauerwerk aus Steinen 1 aufgebaut, deren Wandungen 2 jeweils mindestens einen parallel zur Wandungsebene verlaufenden Luftkanal 3 umschließen, so daß mit den darüber und darunter angeordneten gleichartigen Steinen 1 jeweils ein durchgängiger Kanal entsteht. Dabei sind Maßnahmen getroffen, daß die feuerraumseitige Fläche 13 der Wandung 2 des Steines 1 kleiner ist als die gegenüberliegende dem Luftkanal 3 zugewandte Fläche 14 der Wandung 2 des Steines 1. Aber nicht nur die Wandungsfläche 14, sondern auch die übrigen, dem jeweiligen Luftkanal 3 zugewandten Wandungsflächen 4 weisen eine flächenvergrößernde Oberflächenstruktur 5 auf, welche im dargestellten Fall durch nutartige Aussparungen gebildet ist, welche in Kanallängsrichtung, also in Luftströmungsrichtung verlaufen. Zur weiteren Vergrößerung der mit Luft in Berührung kommenden Flächen der Steine 1 können in Luftströmungsrichtung verlaufende Unterteilungswände 6 vorgesehen sein, so daß, wie in je einem Fall dargestellt ist, zweizügige bzw. dreizügige Kanäle 3 entstehen. Auch die Oberflächen der Unterteilungswände 6 sind in dem dargestellten Fall mittels flächenvergrößernden Oberflächenstrukturen, nämlich in Strömungsrichtung verlaufenden nutartigen Aussparungen zur Ver­besserung des Wärmeübergangs versehen. Zwischen den einzelnen Luftkanälen 3 benachbarter Steine 1 sind Verbindungskanäle 7 dadurch gebildet, daß in den Stirnflächen 9 der Steine 1 nutartige Einformungen vorgesehen sind, welche sich mit entsprechenden nutartigen Einformungen der stirnseitig angrenzen­den Steine 1 zu je einem vollen Kanal ergänzen und in entsprechende Verbin­dungskanäle 7 seitlich in einer Steinlage benachbarter Steine 1 übergehen.1, the air-cooled combustion chamber wall is constructed from masonry of stones 1, the walls 2 of which each enclose at least one air duct 3 running parallel to the wall plane, so that a continuous duct is formed with the stones 1 of the same type arranged above and below. Measures have been taken so that the surface 13 of the wall 2 of the stone 1 on the combustion chamber side is smaller than the surface 14 of the wall 2 of the stone 1 facing the air duct 3. But not only the wall surface 14, but also the rest, the respective air duct 3 facing wall surfaces 4 have a surface-enlarging surface structure 5, which in the case shown is formed by groove-like recesses which run in the longitudinal direction of the duct, that is to say in the direction of air flow. To further enlarge the areas of the stones 1 that come into contact with air, partition walls 6 extending in the air flow direction can be provided, so that, as shown in each case, two-pass or three-pass channels 3 are formed. The surfaces of the partition walls 6 are also provided in the illustrated case by means of surface-enlarging surface structures, namely groove-like recesses running in the direction of flow to improve the heat transfer. Between the individual air channels 3 of adjacent stones 1, connecting channels 7 are formed in that groove-like indentations are provided in the end faces 9 of the stones 1, which complement each other with corresponding groove-like indentations of the stones 1 adjacent on the end face to form a full channel and in corresponding connecting channels 7 laterally pass in a stone layer of neighboring stones 1.

Ferner sind zwischen den Luftkanälen 3 und dem Feuerraum Luft­zuführungskanäle 8 vorgesehen, welche in gleicher Weise durch stirnseitige nutartige Einformungen gebildet sind, welche sich zu vollen Kanälen ergänzen. Die Steine 1 sind zur Verbesserung der Stabilität der Wand­konstruktion im Verband, also von Lage zu Lage versetzt angeordnet. Benach­barte Steine 1 sind miteinander verzahnt, indem diese mittels Nut- und Federanordnungen 11 in den Seitenwandungsaußenflächen 12 ineinandergreifen. Die Nut- und Federanordnungen 11 verlaufen ebenfalls im wesentlichen in Strömungslängsrichtung, welche ein Verschieben der Steine 1 gegeneinander senkrecht zur Wandhauptebene verhindern. Zusätzlich oder stattdessen können auch in den Stirnflächen 9 der Steine 1 parallel zur Wandhauptebene verlaufende Nut- und Federanordnungen vorgesehen sein, so daß nicht nur das gegenseitige Verrücken der Steine 1 in einer Lage, sondern auch ein gegen­seitiges Verrücken der Steine 1 von Lage zu Lage verhindert ist. Gemäß Fig. 1 sind zwischen oder auf den mit Kanälen 3 versehenen Steinen 1 luftkanalfreie Blöcke 10 angeordnet. Diese können einer sicheren Aufnahme von Verankerungselementen für die Befestigung der Mauerkonstruktion an einer zusätzlichen Stütz- oder Haltekonstruktion aufnehmen oder auch zum stirnseitigen Verschließen der Kanäle 3 dienen. Die Blöcke 10 können ebenso wie die Steine 1 untereinander mit den Steinen 1 verzahnt sein. Die Steine 1 und die Blöcke 10 haben vorzugsweise eine Höhe von 64 mm, eine Tiefe von 125 mm und eine Breite von 250 mm oder eine Höhe, Tiefe und Breite, welche sich zu diesen Normmaßen oder einem Vielfachen davon ergänzen, so daß sie auf einfache Weise mit Beimauerwerk aus sogenannten Normalformaten in gleichem Raster verbaut werden können. Die Steine 1 und die Blöcke 10 bestehen vorzugsweise aus SiC; sie können mit SiC-haltigem Feuerkitt ver­mauert sein.Furthermore, air supply ducts 8 are provided between the air ducts 3 and the combustion chamber, which air ducts are formed in the same way by groove-like indentations on the end face, which complement one another to form full ducts. The stones 1 are arranged in order to improve the stability of the wall construction in the association, that is to say offset from layer to layer. Adjacent stones 1 are interlocked by interlocking them in the side wall outer surfaces 12 by means of tongue and groove arrangements 11. The tongue and groove arrangements 11 likewise run essentially in the longitudinal direction of the flow, which prevent the stones 1 from being displaced relative to one another perpendicular to the main wall plane. Additionally or instead, tongue and groove arrangements running parallel to the main wall plane can also be provided in the end faces 9 of the stones 1, so that not only the mutual displacement of the stones 1 in one position, but also a mutual displacement of the stones 1 from layer to layer is prevented is. According to FIG. 1, air channel-free blocks 10 are arranged between or on the stones 3 provided with channels 3. These can accommodate a secure reception of anchoring elements for fastening the wall structure to an additional support or holding structure or can also serve to close the channels 3 at the end. The blocks 10, like the stones 1, can be interlocked with one another with the stones 1. The stones 1 and the blocks 10 preferably have a height of 64 mm, a depth of 125 mm and a width of 250 mm or a height, depth and width which add to these standard dimensions or a multiple thereof, so that they are simple Can be built in the same grid with so-called stonework from so-called normal formats. The stones 1 and the blocks 10 are preferably made of SiC; they can be walled with fire cement containing SiC.

Bezugszeichenliste:Reference symbol list:

  • 1 Steine1 stones
  • 2 Wandungen2 walls
  • 3 Luftkanal3 air duct
  • 4 Wandungsfläche4 wall surface
  • 5 Oberflächenstruktur5 surface structure
  • 6 Unterteilungswände6 partition walls
  • 7 Verbindungskanäle7 connection channels
  • 8 Luftzufuhrkanäle8 air supply channels
  • 9 Stirnflächen9 end faces
  • 10 Blöcke10 blocks
  • 11 Nut- und Federanordnung11 tongue and groove arrangement
  • 12 Seitenwandungsaußenfläche12 side wall outer surface
  • 13 feuerraumseitige Fläche13 surface on the combustion chamber side
  • 14 Fläche14 area

Claims (18)

1. Luftkühlbare Feuerraumwand für Verbrennungsöfen, insbesondere für Müllverbrennungsanlagen, bestehend aus mindestens einem Mauerwerk mit Zwischenraum für die Führung von Kühlluft an einer der Feuerraumseite abgewandten Wandseite entlang, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mauerwerk aus Steinen (1) aufgebaut ist, deren Wandungen (2) jeweils mindestens einem mit entsprechenden Luftkanälen (3) benachbarter Steine (1) in Strömungsverbindung stehenden Luftkanal (3) umschließen.1. Air-cooled combustion chamber wall for incinerators, in particular for waste incineration plants, consisting of at least one masonry with space for guiding cooling air along a wall side facing away from the combustion chamber side, characterized in that the masonry is made up of stones (1), the walls (2) of which each enclose at least one air duct (3) which is in flow connection with corresponding air ducts (3) of adjacent stones (1). 2. Feuerraumwand nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die feuerraumseitige Fläche (13) der Wandung (2) des Steins (1) kleiner ist als die gegenüberliegende, dem Luftkanal (3) zugewandte Fläche (14) der Wandung (2) des Steins (1).2. combustion chamber wall according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion chamber-side surface (13) of the wall (2) of the stone (1) is smaller than the opposite, the air duct (3) facing surface (14) of the wall (2) of the stone (1). 3. Feuerraumwand nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dem jeweiligen Luftkanal (3) zugewandte Wandungsfläche (4, 14) eine flächenvergrößernde Oberflächenstruktur (5) aufweist.3. combustion chamber wall according to claim 2, characterized in that the respective air duct (3) facing wall surface (4, 14) has a surface-enlarging surface structure (5). 4. Feuerraumwand nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die flachenvergrößernde Oberflächenstruktur (5) durch nutartige Aussparungen gebildet ist.4. combustion chamber wall according to claim 3, characterized in that the flat-enlarging surface structure (5) is formed by groove-like recesses. 5. Feuerraumwand nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Luftkanal (3) jedes Steines (1) durch in Luftströmungsrichtung verlaufende Unterteilungswände (6) zwei- oder mehrzugig ausgebildet ist.5. Combustion chamber wall according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the air channel (3) of each stone (1) is formed by two or more trains by dividing walls (6) extending in the air flow direction. 6. Feuerraumwand nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Luftkanälen (3) oberflächenvergrößernde Einsatzstrukturen angeordnet sind.6. combustion chamber wall according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the air channels (3) surface-increasing insert structures are arranged. 7. Feuerraumwand nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den Luftkanälen benachbarter Steine (1) und/oder den Zügen ein und desselben Steines (1) Verbindungskanäle (7) bestehen.7. combustion chamber wall according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that between the air channels of adjacent stones (1) and / or the trains of one and the same stone (1) connecting channels (7). 8. Feuerraumwand nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den Luftkanälen (3) und dem Feuerraum Luftzuführkanäle (8) bestehen.8. combustion chamber wall according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that there are air supply ducts (8) between the air ducts (3) and the combustion chamber. 9. Feuerraumwand nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungskanäle (7) und/oder die Luftzufuhrkanäle (8) durch nutartige Einformungen in den Stirnflächen (9) der Steine (1) gebildet sind, welche sich gegebenenfalls zu den Kanälen ergänzen.9. combustion chamber wall according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the connecting channels (7) and / or the air supply channels (8) are formed by groove-like deformations in the end faces (9) of the stones (1), which may complement each other to form the channels . 10. Feuerraumwand nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steine (1) im Verband, also von Lage zu Lage versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind.10. combustion chamber wall according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the stones (1) in the association, that is, staggered from one another to each other. 11. Feuerraumwand nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß benachbarte Steine (1) miteinander verzahnt sind.11. combustion chamber wall according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that adjacent stones (1) are interlocked. 12. Feuerraumwand nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß die dem Feuerraum zugewandte Wandung (2) des Steines (1) stärker ist als seine Seitenwandungen (2).12. combustion chamber wall according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the wall (2) of the stone (1) facing the combustion chamber is stronger than its side walls (2). 13. Feuerraumwand nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß zwischen oder auf den Steinen (1) luftkanalfreie Blöcke (10) für die Aufnahme von Verankerungselementen und/oder den Abschluß der Luftkanäle (3) angeordnet sind.13. combustion chamber wall according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that between or on the stones (1) air channel-free blocks (10) for receiving anchoring elements and / or the completion of the air channels (3) are arranged. 14. Feuerraumwand nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Blöcke (10) mit den Steinen (1) verzahnt sind.14. combustion chamber wall according to claim 13, characterized in that the blocks (10) with the stones (1) are toothed. 15. Feuerraumwand nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß die Verzahnung der Steine (1) und/oder der Blöcke (10) durch Nut- und Federanordnungen (11) in den Seitenwandungsaußenflächen (12) und/oder Stirnflächen (9) der Steine (1) gebildet ist.15. combustion chamber wall according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the teeth of the stones (1) and / or the blocks (10) by tongue and groove arrangements (11) in the side wall outer surfaces (12) and / or end faces (9 ) the stones (1) is formed. 16. Feuerraumwand nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß sich Höhe, Tiefe und Breite der Steine (1) und/oder der Blöcke (10) auf 64 mm, 125 mm und 250 mm oder ein Vielfaches davon ergänzen.16. combustion chamber wall according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the height, depth and width of the stones (1) and / or the blocks (10) to 64 mm, 125 mm and 250 mm or a multiple thereof. 17. Feuerraumwand nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß die Steine (1) und/oder die Blöcke (10) aus SiC bestehen.17. combustion chamber wall according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the stones (1) and / or the blocks (10) consist of SiC. 18. Feuerraumwand nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß die Steine (1) und/oder die Blöcke (10) mittels SiC-haltigem Feuerkitt vermauert sind.18. combustion chamber wall according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the stones (1) and / or the blocks (10) are walled by means of SiC-containing fire cement.
EP86107903A 1985-09-18 1986-06-10 Air-coolable furnace wall Expired EP0216021B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86107903T ATE39996T1 (en) 1985-09-18 1986-06-10 AIR-COOLABLE FIREPLACE WALL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3533240 1985-09-18
DE19853533240 DE3533240A1 (en) 1985-09-18 1985-09-18 AIRCOOLABLE FIREPLACE WALL

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0216021A1 true EP0216021A1 (en) 1987-04-01
EP0216021B1 EP0216021B1 (en) 1989-01-11

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ID=6281260

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86107903A Expired EP0216021B1 (en) 1985-09-18 1986-06-10 Air-coolable furnace wall

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US (1) US4671191A (en)
EP (1) EP0216021B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE39996T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1277871C (en)
DE (2) DE3533240A1 (en)
DK (1) DK165566C (en)
FI (1) FI87489C (en)

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TW211603B (en) * 1991-06-03 1993-08-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd
US5277580A (en) * 1993-02-16 1994-01-11 Lea-Con, Inc. Wall construction system for refractory furnaces
DE4433154C2 (en) * 1994-09-17 1998-04-09 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Fireproof wall for a heating duct of an open annular chamber furnace
FR2769078B1 (en) * 1997-09-30 2000-04-28 Ass De Sauvegarde De L Enfance INCINERATION OVEN IN REFRACTORY BRICKS WITH CHANNELS AND AIR INJECTION PASSAGES AND BRICKS FOR ITS CONSTITUTION
FR2769076B1 (en) * 1997-09-30 2000-02-25 Ass De Sauvegarde De L Enfance INCINERATION OVEN IN REFRACTORY BRICKS WITH CHANNELS AND AIR INJECTION PASSAGES AND BRICKS FOR ITS CONSTITUTION
US6244197B1 (en) * 1999-01-04 2001-06-12 Gary L. Coble Thermal induced cooling of industrial furnace components
GB2432204B (en) * 2005-11-07 2010-05-12 York Linings Internat Ltd Refractory burner brick
CN110158888A (en) * 2019-06-11 2019-08-23 贵州建工集团第十一建筑工程有限责任公司 A kind of construction method of steel structure surface brick paving
WO2021215988A1 (en) * 2020-04-21 2021-10-28 Gartena Consulting & Installation Ab Plant for burning waste

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US1635851A (en) * 1923-09-17 1927-07-12 Liptak Michael Ventilated furnace wall
US1809417A (en) * 1925-10-05 1931-06-09 Liptak Michael Furnace wall
US1812315A (en) * 1926-09-16 1931-06-30 Drake Nonclinkering Furnace Bl Air cooled furnace wall
US1831675A (en) * 1927-12-03 1931-11-10 American Arch Co Furnace wall
FR1162290A (en) * 1956-11-05 1958-09-10 Cie Gen De Constr De Fours Carbonization furnace walls

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US907682A (en) * 1906-03-26 1908-12-22 Alfred Cotton Steam-boiler furnace.
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DE3316372A1 (en) * 1983-05-05 1984-11-08 Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden LINING STONE

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US1635851A (en) * 1923-09-17 1927-07-12 Liptak Michael Ventilated furnace wall
US1809417A (en) * 1925-10-05 1931-06-09 Liptak Michael Furnace wall
US1812315A (en) * 1926-09-16 1931-06-30 Drake Nonclinkering Furnace Bl Air cooled furnace wall
US1831675A (en) * 1927-12-03 1931-11-10 American Arch Co Furnace wall
FR1162290A (en) * 1956-11-05 1958-09-10 Cie Gen De Constr De Fours Carbonization furnace walls

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0216021B1 (en) 1989-01-11
FI863263A (en) 1987-03-19
DE3533240A1 (en) 1987-03-26
ATE39996T1 (en) 1989-01-15
DK362586A (en) 1987-03-19
DK165566C (en) 1993-04-26
FI863263A0 (en) 1986-08-11
US4671191A (en) 1987-06-09
DE3533240C2 (en) 1989-01-26
FI87489C (en) 1993-01-11
CA1277871C (en) 1990-12-18
DK165566B (en) 1992-12-14
DE3661773D1 (en) 1989-02-16
FI87489B (en) 1992-09-30
DK362586D0 (en) 1986-07-30

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