EP0215360A1 - Matrix for the production of pellets - Google Patents
Matrix for the production of pellets Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0215360A1 EP0215360A1 EP86111994A EP86111994A EP0215360A1 EP 0215360 A1 EP0215360 A1 EP 0215360A1 EP 86111994 A EP86111994 A EP 86111994A EP 86111994 A EP86111994 A EP 86111994A EP 0215360 A1 EP0215360 A1 EP 0215360A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- webs
- press channels
- pellets
- die
- channels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/20—Roller-and-ring machines, i.e. with roller disposed within a ring and co-operating with the inner surface of the ring
- B30B11/201—Roller-and-ring machines, i.e. with roller disposed within a ring and co-operating with the inner surface of the ring for extruding material
- B30B11/202—Ring constructions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
- B30B11/227—Means for dividing the extruded material into briquets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
- Y10S425/23—Hay wafering or pelletizing means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
Matrize (2) zur Herstellung von Pellets aus pulverförmigem, körnigem, faserförmigem oder vorkompaktiertem Schüttgut mit einer Vielzahl durchgehender Preßkanäle, durch die das Schüttgut hindurchgedrückt wird, und mit einer Schneidevorrichtung, die das aus den Preßkanälen (4) austretende Preßgut in Pellets vorgebbarer Länge unterteilt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich auf der Austrittsseite der Matrize (2) zwischen den Preßkanälen (4) mit konstantem Abstand voneinander verlaufende Stege (6) befinden, zwischen denen Abschnitte (8) der Schneidevorrichtung (8,10) bis an die Austrittsenden der Preßkanäle (4) heranreichen.Die (2) for the production of pellets from powdery, granular, fibrous or precompacted bulk material with a plurality of continuous pressing channels through which the bulk material is pressed, and with a cutting device which divides the pressing material emerging from the pressing channels (4) into pellets of predeterminable length , characterized in that on the outlet side of the die (2) between the press channels (4) there are webs (6) running at a constant distance from one another, between which sections (8) of the cutting device (8, 10) as far as the outlet ends of the press channels (4) reach up.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Matrize zur Herstellung von Pellets nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Solche Pellets werden in der Futtermittelindustrie oder bei der Naturstoffextraktion verwendet.The present invention relates to a die for the production of pellets according to the preamble of claim 1. Such pellets are used in the animal feed industry or in natural product extraction.
Aus der DE-OS 32 35 847 ist es bekannt, Extraktionsgut zur Extraktion von Naturstoffen mit Hilfe von überkritischen Gasen die Form von Pellets zu geben. Die Vorteile dieser Pellets im Vergleich zu pulverförmigen Produkten sind: höheres Schüttgewicht und praktisch keine Kanalbildung durch die überkritischen Gase im Extraktionsgut. Pellets, die relativ kurz sind und einen geringen Durchmesser aufweisen, sind jedoch schwierig herzustellen. Um kleine Pellets herzustellen, ist es bekannt, Matrizen mit Preßkanälen relativ kleinen Durchmessers zu verwenden. Für die Festigkeit der Pellets ist das Verhältnis Länge zu Durchmesser von entscheidender Bedeutung. Wenn man relativ kleine Pellets herstellen will, muß die Länge der Preßkanäle entsprechend kurz sein, damit keine unzulässig hohen Temperaturen im Preßgut entstehen. Solche kurzen Preßkanäle erfordern jedoch aus Stabilitätsgründen relativ dickwandige Matrizen, wenn man nicht die Anzahl der Preßkanäle verringert, was den Preßgutdurchsatz vermindert.Zur Beseitigung dieser Schwierigkeiten ist es nach der US-PS 2,o59, 486 bekannt, die Durchmesser der Preßkanäle eintrittsseitig kleiner als austrittsseitig zu machen. Die Durchmessererweiterung kann dabei konisch oder stufenförmig sein. Auf diese Weise soll erreicht werden, daß das Preßgut zunächst in den engeren Abschnitten der Preßkanäle verdichtet wird und anschließend frei in die weiteren Abschnitte der Preßkanäle eintritt. In der Praxis hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß sich das Preßgut nach dem Verlassen der engeren Abschnitte der Preßkanäle wieder ausdehnt und daß die Pellets dann den unerwünscht größeren Durchmesser der weiteren Abschnitte der Preßkanäle erhalten. Es kommt dann auch auf der ganzen Länge der Preßkanäle zur Reibung mit dem Matrizenmaterial, was zu einer beträchtlichen Erhitzung des Preßguts führt und insbesondere bei temperaturempfindlichen Naturstoffen, wie z.B. Hopfen, zu irreversiblen Veränderungen der Inhaltstoffe führen kann.From DE-OS 32 35 847 it is known to give extraction material for the extraction of natural products with the help of supercritical gases in the form of pellets. The advantages of these pellets compared to powdered products are: higher bulk density and practically no channel formation due to the supercritical gases in the extraction material. However, pellets that are relatively short and small in diameter are difficult to manufacture. In order to produce small pellets, it is known to use dies with press channels of relatively small diameter. The length to diameter ratio is of crucial importance for the strength of the pellets. If you want to produce relatively small pellets, the length of the press channels must be correspondingly short, so that no unacceptably high temperatures arise in the material to be pressed. However, for reasons of stability, such short press channels require relatively thick-walled matrices if the number of press channels is not reduced, which reduces the throughput of the material to be pressed. To eliminate these difficulties, it is known according to US Pat to make exit. The diameter expansion can be conical or step-shaped. In this way it should be achieved that the material to be pressed is first compressed in the narrower sections of the press channels and then freely enters the further sections of the press channels. In practice, however, it has been shown that the material to be pressed expands again after leaving the narrower sections of the press channels and that the pellets then receive the undesirably larger diameter of the further sections of the press channels. There is then also friction along the entire length of the press channels with the matrix material, which leads to considerable heating of the pressed material and especially in the case of temperature-sensitive ones Natural substances, such as hops, can lead to irreversible changes in the ingredients.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Matrize nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 anzugeben, mit der wirtschaftlich kurze Pellets kleinen Durchmessers, die eine große Festigkeit haben, ohne beträchtliche Erhitzung des Preßguts herzustellen sind.The present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a die according to the preamble of claim 1 with which economically short pellets of small diameter which have great strength can be produced without considerable heating of the pressed material.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Die Dicke der Stege ist abhängig vom Durchmesser und der Länge der Preßkanäle. Für bevorzugte Pellets von 1 bis 1o mm Durchmesser und 2 bis 5o mm Länge liegt die günstigste Dicke der Stege zwischen 1 und 15 mm, insbesondere zwischen 3 und 7 mm. Diese Werte stellen einen Kompromiß dar zwischen der verfügbaren Matrizenfläche einerseits und der erforderlichen Stabilität der Matrize andererseits. Auch der Abstand zwischen den einzelnen Stegen richtet sich im wesentlichen nach dem Durchmesser der Preßkanäle. Bevorzugt liegen daher bei Durchmessern der Preßkanäle von 1 bis 5 mm zwischen den einzelnen Stegen 1 bis 2o Reihen von Preßkanälen. Auch hier muß,ähnlich wie bei der Dicke der Verstärkungsstege,zwischen ausreichender Stabilität der Matrize, was gleichbedeutend ist mit geringem Abstand der Stege, und möglichst optimaler Ausnutzung der Matrizenoberfläche (großer Abstand der Stege) abgewogen werden. Dabei muß weiterhin berücksichtigt werden, daß der Abstand der Stegeso groß ist, daß für die Schneidvorrichtung, die unmittelbar an das Ende der Preßkanäle heranreichen muß, genügend Platz vorhanden ist.The thickness of the webs depends on the diameter and the length of the press channels. For preferred pellets of 1 to 10 mm in diameter and 2 to 50 mm in length, the most favorable thickness of the webs is between 1 and 15 mm, in particular between 3 and 7 mm. These values represent a compromise between the available die area on the one hand and the required stability of the die on the other. The distance between the individual webs also depends essentially on the diameter of the press channels. For diameters of the press channels of 1 to 5 mm, therefore, there are preferably 1 to 20 rows of press channels between the individual webs. Here too, similar to the thickness of the reinforcing webs, sufficient stability of the die, which is synonymous with a small spacing of the webs, and optimal utilization of the die surface (large spacing of the webs) must be weighed. It must also be taken into account that the distance between the webs is so large that there is enough space for the cutting device, which must reach directly to the end of the press channels.
Daß die Schneidvorrichtung zwischen den Stegen unmittelbar bis an die Austrittsenden der Preßkanäle heranreicht, ist besonders wichtig. Dadurch wird nämlich erreicht, daß die Preßlinge unmittelbar nach dem Verlassen der Preßkanäle auf die gewünschte Länge gebracht werden.That the cutting device between the webs reaches right up to the outlet ends of the press channels is particularly important. This means that the compacts are brought to the desired length immediately after leaving the press channels.
Auch die Höhen der Stege üben einen Einfluß auf die Stabilität der Matrize aus. Die Höhe der Stege soll daher das 1,3-fache der Länge der Preßkanäle übertreffen. Im Normalfall weisen die Stege Höhen von 1o bis 1oo mm auf.The height of the webs also have an influence on the stability of the die. The height of the webs should therefore exceed 1.3 times the length of the press channels. The webs normally have heights of 1o to 1oo mm.
Im Normalfall reichen die Oberflächen der Stege aus, um durch ihren Kontakt mit der Luft für eine ausreichende Kühlung zu sorgen. Falls erforderlich, kann bei sehr temperaturempfindlichem Preßgut zur zusätzlichen Kühlung ein Kühlbad vorgesehen sein, durch welches die Stege beim Umlauf der Matrize geführt werden.The surfaces of the webs are normally sufficient to ensure adequate cooling through their contact with the air. If necessary, in the case of very temperature-sensitive pressed material, a cooling bath can be provided for additional cooling, through which the webs are guided as the die rotates.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an einem Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen erläutert:
- Fig. 1 zeigt einen Abschnitt einer hohlzylindrischen Matrize im Längsschnitt.
- Fig. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt längs der Linie II-II in Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3 zeigt einen Schnitt längs der Linie III-III in Fig. 1.
- Fig. 4 zeigt eine Ansicht in der Blickrichtung IV in Fig. 1.
- Fig. 5 zeigt vergrößert den Bereich V in Fig. 1.
- Fig. 1 shows a section of a hollow cylindrical die in longitudinal section.
- FIG. 2 shows a section along the line II-II in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 shows a section along the line III-III in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 shows a view in the viewing direction IV in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 5 shows the area V in FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale.
Die Matrize 2 weist die Form eines Hohlzylinders auf, dessen Krümmung aus Fig. 2 erkennbar ist. In der Matrize befinden sich in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende Reihen von Preßkanälen 4. Wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich, liegen benachbarte Reihen von Preßkanälen gegeneinander versetzt. In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel befinden sich zwischen jeweils fünf Reihen von Preßkanälen 4 auf der Außenseite der Matrize 2 rundum verlaufende Stege 6. Zwischen die Stege greifen von außen Messer 8, die bis an die inneren Enden der Preßkanäle 4 heranreichen, jedoch von einer gemeinsamen Querschiene 1o ausgehen. Die inneren Enden der Preßkanäle 4 sind mit Anfasungen 12 versehen.The die 2 has the shape of a hollow cylinder, the curvature of which can be seen in FIG. 2. In the die there are rows of
Claims (6)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich auf der Austrittsseite der Matrize (2) zwischen den Preßkanälen (4) mit konstantem Abstand voneinander verlaufende Stege (6) befinden, zwischen denen Abschnitte (8) der Schneidvorrichtung (8, 1o) bis an die Austrittsenden der Preßkanäle (4) heranreichen.1. die (2) for the production of pellets from powdery, granular, fibrous or precompacted bulk material with a plurality of continuous press channels (4) through which the bulk material is pressed, and with a cutting device (8, 1o), which from the press channels (4) emerging pressed material divided into pellets of a predeterminable length,
characterized in that on the outlet side of the die (2) between the press channels (4) there are webs (6) running at a constant distance from one another, between which sections (8) of the cutting device (8, 1o) as far as the outlet ends of the press channels ( 4) reach up.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3530844 | 1985-08-29 | ||
DE19853530844 DE3530844A1 (en) | 1985-08-29 | 1985-08-29 | PELLET MAKING MATRICE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0215360A1 true EP0215360A1 (en) | 1987-03-25 |
EP0215360B1 EP0215360B1 (en) | 1989-05-31 |
Family
ID=6279645
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86111994A Expired EP0215360B1 (en) | 1985-08-29 | 1986-08-29 | Matrix for the production of pellets |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4704080A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0215360B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0720542B2 (en) |
CS (1) | CS262675B2 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3530844A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CZ303200B6 (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-05-23 | Atea Praha, S. R. O. | Granulator matrix |
RU2482907C1 (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2013-05-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Юго-Западный государственный университет" (ЮЗГУ) | Fertiliser granulation device |
CN107927863A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-20 | 深圳润丰投资咨询有限公司 | A kind of crucian cultivation standard specification feed granulating apparatus |
CN113908767A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-11 | 广东海洋大学 | Self-cleaning type granulating device with high granulation rate for feed processing and granulating process thereof |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0328322U (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1991-03-20 | ||
AU6578498A (en) * | 1997-03-20 | 1998-10-12 | Koch Feed Technologies Company | Extrusion apparatus |
HUP0104341A2 (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2002-03-28 | Flz Faserlogistikzentrum Gmbh. | Granulate and method and device for the production thereof |
RU2547013C1 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-04-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Юго-Западный государственный университет" (ЮЗГУ) | Fertiliser granulation device |
CN113974020B (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2024-03-26 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | Special compound feed for trachinotus ovatus and production equipment thereof |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE812774C (en) * | 1948-10-02 | 1951-09-03 | Fritz Heinemann | Method and device for the production of pellets |
DE2913457A1 (en) * | 1978-04-06 | 1979-10-18 | Cantori Lavinio | REVOLVING PRESS DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS EXPRESSION OF OILY SEEDS AND FRUITS |
DE3342659A1 (en) * | 1983-11-25 | 1985-06-05 | Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Ag Hamburg Und Kiel, 2300 Kiel | Pelletising cavity plate |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2603170A (en) * | 1945-11-14 | 1952-07-15 | Edgar N Meakin | Extrusion mill |
-
1985
- 1985-08-29 DE DE19853530844 patent/DE3530844A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-08-20 US US06/898,238 patent/US4704080A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-08-26 CS CS866212A patent/CS262675B2/en unknown
- 1986-08-29 DE DE8686111994T patent/DE3663625D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-08-29 EP EP86111994A patent/EP0215360B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-08-29 JP JP61201881A patent/JPH0720542B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE812774C (en) * | 1948-10-02 | 1951-09-03 | Fritz Heinemann | Method and device for the production of pellets |
DE2913457A1 (en) * | 1978-04-06 | 1979-10-18 | Cantori Lavinio | REVOLVING PRESS DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS EXPRESSION OF OILY SEEDS AND FRUITS |
DE3342659A1 (en) * | 1983-11-25 | 1985-06-05 | Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Ag Hamburg Und Kiel, 2300 Kiel | Pelletising cavity plate |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CZ303200B6 (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-05-23 | Atea Praha, S. R. O. | Granulator matrix |
RU2482907C1 (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2013-05-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Юго-Западный государственный университет" (ЮЗГУ) | Fertiliser granulation device |
CN107927863A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-20 | 深圳润丰投资咨询有限公司 | A kind of crucian cultivation standard specification feed granulating apparatus |
CN113908767A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-11 | 广东海洋大学 | Self-cleaning type granulating device with high granulation rate for feed processing and granulating process thereof |
CN113908767B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2023-08-01 | 广东海洋大学 | Self-cleaning granulating device for feed processing with high granulating rate and granulating process thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3663625D1 (en) | 1989-07-06 |
JPS6253731A (en) | 1987-03-09 |
US4704080A (en) | 1987-11-03 |
CS262675B2 (en) | 1989-03-14 |
CS621286A2 (en) | 1988-08-16 |
EP0215360B1 (en) | 1989-05-31 |
JPH0720542B2 (en) | 1995-03-08 |
DE3530844A1 (en) | 1987-03-05 |
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