EP0214524A1 - Brick or paving stone of concrete or the like - Google Patents

Brick or paving stone of concrete or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0214524A1
EP0214524A1 EP86111538A EP86111538A EP0214524A1 EP 0214524 A1 EP0214524 A1 EP 0214524A1 EP 86111538 A EP86111538 A EP 86111538A EP 86111538 A EP86111538 A EP 86111538A EP 0214524 A1 EP0214524 A1 EP 0214524A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stone
stones
concrete
depressions
masonry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86111538A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0214524B1 (en
Inventor
Hubert Dipl.-Ing. Rollnik
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Franz Carl Nuedling Basaltwerke & Co KG GmbH
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Franz Carl Nuedling Basaltwerke & Co KG GmbH
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Priority to AT86111538T priority Critical patent/ATE58195T1/en
Publication of EP0214524A1 publication Critical patent/EP0214524A1/en
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Publication of EP0214524B1 publication Critical patent/EP0214524B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/8404—Sound-absorbing elements block-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
    • E01F8/0029—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement with porous surfaces, e.g. concrete with porous fillers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8414—Sound-absorbing elements with non-planar face, e.g. curved, egg-crate shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/8428—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling containing specially shaped acoustical bodies, e.g. funnels, egg-crates, fanfolds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/8442—Tray type elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/848—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling the cavities opening onto the face of the element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a masonry or paving stone made of concrete or the like and an arrangement of such stones to form a surface covering, edge or wall.
  • Such stones are known. They are used to design surfaces and to build walls or walls.
  • the stone When using the stone as a cladding element in the vicinity of sound sources or as a component for soundproofing walls or walls, it is important that the stone, both individually and in the arrangement with several stones of the same type, has a sound-absorbing or sound-absorbing effect.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to create a sound-absorbing concrete or similar stone, and to form a sound-absorbing wall element or masonry using such stones.
  • the depressions provided according to the invention on the side of the stone facing the sound source make it possible to introduce the sound energy into the stone and to convert it to heat on the surface of the stone, in particular on the surface inside the depressions, and thus to dissipate it.
  • Advantageous developments of the subject matter according to the invention are described in claims 2 to 10 and 12 to 17, the latter relating to preferred arrangements of stones for forming a wall element and self-supporting or non-load-bearing masonry.
  • the construction according to claim 5 also enables an even better "capture" of sound waves and thus better sound absorption.
  • the construction according to claim 9 is also important for sound absorption.
  • the stone By forming the stone from fine-pored, in particular open-pored material, the sound, after it has been introduced into the depressions, is passed on to the pores, "captured” and converted into thermal energy.
  • a masonry or paving stone made of concrete or the like (stone 10) is designed according to FIGS. 1 to 3 in the manner of a stone slab with a square outline in plan view.
  • a plurality of sound-absorbing depressions 12 are arranged on a flat side 11 of the stone 10 thus formed.
  • the recesses 12 are arranged according to a predetermined pattern or grid, namely in the longitudinal and transverse directions at equal distances from one another.
  • Other forms of this checkerboard-like grid are of course also possible, for example rows of depressions offset from one another or depressions 12 arranged concentrically or spirally.
  • the depressions 12 themselves are each conical, with a square cross section in plan view.
  • the side surfaces 13 delimiting the depression are designed to diverge outwards in the interior of the stone. This simplifies the manufacture of the stone 10 as a concrete molding, since there are no undercuts and the stone can be easily removed from a two-part form of a conventional structure.
  • the cross section of the depressions 12 can also be round, triangular, star-shaped, rectangular or any polygon in plan view.
  • the depressions 12 are surrounded by a peripheral edge 14 which extends at the level of a reference surface 15.
  • An elevation 16 projecting beyond the reference surface 15 is formed between each two adjacent depressions 12. Furthermore, between adjacent rows A, B, which extend in the longitudinal and transverse directions, C, D and E, F, G, H of alternately formed depressions 12 and elevations 16 each have a row 100, 102, 104 or 106, 108, 110 of alternately formed elevations 16 and reference surface areas 17.
  • the reference surface regions 17 are surface regions which extend in the reference surface 15 and are delimited here laterally by the elevations 16.
  • the depressions 12 are laterally delimited by the elevations 16, with the exception of the depressions arranged on the edge.
  • the elevations 16 and the reference surface areas 17 each also have a square cross section in plan view.
  • the side surfaces 13 of the depressions 12 are simultaneously the side surfaces of the elevations 16 which extend beyond the reference surface 15.
  • the top 18 of the elevations 16 and the bottom 19 of the recesses 12 are each formed as flat square surfaces. However, they can also be spherical, conical or the like.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the stone 10: the distance between the top 18 and the bottom 19 is 3: 2 and the ratio of the edge length of the stone 10: the inside width of the depression 12 (measured at the top edge, between two top sides 18) is 7: 1.
  • the taper of the recesses is the ratio of the inside width of the recess 12 (measured at the upper edge, between two upper sides 18): the width of the recess 12 (measured at the bottom 19) and is 2.6: 1.
  • the stone 10 is made of a fine-pore, in particular open-pore material, such as light-weight concrete with a high number of pores.
  • the open-pore lightweight concrete in conjunction with the depressions 12 has a particularly good sound-absorbing and sound-absorbing effect, as already explained at the beginning.
  • FIGS. 4 and 6 show an arrangement 20 of stones 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 on the surface 21 of a flat or curved (FIG. 6), preferably reinforced, concrete slab 22.
  • the wall element 23 thus formed is a finished part versatile and inexpensive to use.
  • the stones 10 are laid and bound in fresh concrete on the surface 21 of the concrete slab 22.
  • the stones 10 are preferably arranged sunk in the concrete slab 22 with respect to an outer peripheral edge 24.
  • the upper part of the peripheral edge 24 in the upright position of the wall element 23 can be formed as a cornice 25 and the opposite lower part of the peripheral edge as a support 26, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the peripheral edge 24 has a strength-increasing function for the wall element 23 and has an advantageous effect in production, since the stones 10 can be laid directly against the inner edge 27 of the peripheral edge 24.
  • the cornice 25 also serves as weather protection for the stones 10. It specifically drains the rainwater.
  • the support 26 is preferably of reinforced design since it bears the total weight of the wall element 23.
  • the peripheral edge 24 has an approximately rectangular cross section. It can thus be positively inserted between two supports, in particular double-T beams, so that any number of wall elements 23 can be set up simply and quickly using as many double-T beams with the formation of a sound-absorbing boundary wall or the like.
  • the wall element 23 can also be designed to be sound-absorbing on two sides, specifically by the arrangement of stones 10 not only on one surface 21 but also on the opposite surface.
  • the peripheral edge 24, in particular, however, the support 26 and the cornice 25, are correspondingly widened.
  • the plate 22 can be made of a material other than concrete, for example plastic or the like.
  • an arrangement of stones 10 can also be carried out as a self-supporting, essentially upright, masonry 28, which is preferably built on a foundation 29 made of concrete, plastic, wood, steel or the like.
  • the stones 10 are arranged within the masonry 28 to form vertical rows 30, the stones 10 of adjacent rows 30 each being offset from one another.
  • an embodiment of the masonry 28 is also conceivable, in which the stones 10 are arranged, for example, in mutually offset horizontal rows or in the transverse and longitudinal directions without being offset from one another.
  • the upper edge of the masonry is formed by an end strip 31 made of concrete or the like. If the masonry is erected on a slope, the foundation 29 and the end strip 31 are linear in accordance with the slope (FIG. 7), or else the foundation and the lower boundary 32 of the end strip 31 are stepped. Conversely, the upper boundary of the end strip can of course also be stepped and the lower boundary of the foundation can be straight.
  • the stones 10 can be laid as a supplement to any other masonry, in particular as a formwork, for example inner wall formwork, preferably with the formation of a double-layer masonry.
  • the stone 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 and the wall element 23 according to FIGS. 4 to 6 have the following technical data: Resistant to de-icing salt thanks to the use of LP and low W / Z below 0.4 Fireproof, non-flammable, weather and aging resistant.

Abstract

Brick or paving stone (10) of concrete or the like, with a plurality of mutually spaced sound-absorbing recesses (12) formed on at least one side, and an arrangement of such bricks or stones on at least one surface (21) of a plane or curved, preferably reinforced concrete or such like slab (22), to form a unitary wall element (23). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Mauerwerk- oder Pflasterstein aus Beton oder dergleichen sowie eine Anordnung von derartigen Steinen zur Bildung einer Flächenverkleidung, Rand oder Mauer.The invention relates to a masonry or paving stone made of concrete or the like and an arrangement of such stones to form a surface covering, edge or wall.

Derartige Steine sind bekannt. Sie werden zur Ausgestaltung von Flächen und zum Aufbau von Mauern oder Wänden verwendet.Such stones are known. They are used to design surfaces and to build walls or walls.

Beim Einsatz des Steines als Verkleidungselement in der Nähe von Schallquellen oder als Bauelement für Schallschutzmauern oder Wände ist es von Wichtigkeit, daß der Stein, sowohl einzeln als auch in der Anordnung mit mehreren Steinen der gleichen Art, eine schalldämmende bzw. schallabsorbierende Wirkung aufweist.When using the stone as a cladding element in the vicinity of sound sources or as a component for soundproofing walls or walls, it is important that the stone, both individually and in the arrangement with several stones of the same type, has a sound-absorbing or sound-absorbing effect.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, einen schallabsorbierenden Beton- oder dergleichen Stein zu schaffen, sowie unter Verwendung derartiger Steine ein schallabsorbierendes Wandelement oder Mauerwerk auszubilden.The object of the present invention is therefore to create a sound-absorbing concrete or similar stone, and to form a sound-absorbing wall element or masonry using such stones.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß hinsichtlich der Steine durch die kennzeichnenden Maßnahmen des Anspruchs 1 und hinsichtlich des Wandelements oder Mauerwerks durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 11 gelöst.This object is achieved with regard to the stones by the characterizing measures of claim 1 and with regard to the wall element or masonry by the characterizing features of claim 11.

Durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Vertiefungen an der der Schallquelle zugewandten Seite des Steines ist es möglich, die Schallenergie in den Stein einzuleiten und an der Oberfläche des Steines, insbesondere an der Oberfläche innerhalb der Vertiefungen, in Wärme umzuwandeln und damit abzubauen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Gegenstandes sind in den Ansprüchen2 bis 10 bzw. 12 bis 17 beschrieben, wobei letztere bevorzugte Anordnungen von Steinen zur Ausbildung eines Wandelementes und selbsttragenden oder nichttragenden Mauerwerks betreffen.The depressions provided according to the invention on the side of the stone facing the sound source make it possible to introduce the sound energy into the stone and to convert it to heat on the surface of the stone, in particular on the surface inside the depressions, and thus to dissipate it. Advantageous developments of the subject matter according to the invention are described in claims 2 to 10 and 12 to 17, the latter relating to preferred arrangements of stones for forming a wall element and self-supporting or non-load-bearing masonry.

Besonders hervorzuheben sind die konstruktiven Maßnahmen nach Anspruch 3 und/oder 5. Die konische Ausbildung der Vertiefungen hat einerseits zur Folge, daß der Schall begünstigt in die Vertiefungen geleitet und absorbiert wird. Zum anderen lassen sich dadurch die Steine leichter entschalen, insbesondere bei Verwendung einer zweigeteilten Steinform. Der Form-Oberteil kann trotz der Vertiefungen problemlos abgehoben werden, weil Hinterschneidungen fehlen.Particularly noteworthy are the constructive measures according to claim 3 and / or 5. The conical design of the depressions on the one hand has the consequence that the sound is favorably directed into the depressions and absorbed. On the other hand, the stones can be removed from the mold more easily, especially when using a two-part stone form. The upper part of the mold can be lifted off easily despite the indentations because there are no undercuts.

Die Konstruktion nach Anspruch 5 ermöglicht darüber hinaus ein noch besseres "Einfangen" von Schallwellen und damit bessere Schallabsorbtion.The construction according to claim 5 also enables an even better "capture" of sound waves and thus better sound absorption.

Von Bedeutung für die Schallabsorbtion ist auch noch die Konstruktion nach Anspruch 9. Durch die Ausbildung des Steines aus feinporigem, insbesondere offenporigem Material wird der Schall, nachdem er in die Vertiefungen eingeleitet ist, in die Poren weitergeleitet, "gefangen" und in Wärmeenergie umgewandelt.The construction according to claim 9 is also important for sound absorption. By forming the stone from fine-pored, in particular open-pored material, the sound, after it has been introduced into the depressions, is passed on to the pores, "captured" and converted into thermal energy.

Nachstehend werden verschiedene Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Steines sowie eine Anordnung von Steinen zur Bildung eines Wandelementes oder Mauerwerkes anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Mauerwerk- oder Pflasterstein aus Beton oder dergleichen in der Draufsicht;
  • Fig. 2 den Stein gemäß Fig. 1 im Schnitt längs der Linie II-II in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 den Stein gemäß Fig. 1 im Schnitt, jedoch längs der Linie III-III in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 ein Wandelement, bestehend aus einer Anordnung von Steinen gemäß Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 5 das Wandelement gemäß Fig. 4 im Querschnitt;
  • Fig. 6 ein Wandelement entsprechend Fig. 4 im Schnitt, jedoch in gewölbter Ausführung;
  • Fig. 7 ein selbsttragendes Mauerwerk aus einer Anordnung von Steinen gemäß Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 8 ein gegenüber der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 7 abgewandeltes Mauerwerk aus einer Anordnung von Steinen gemäß Fig. 1.
Various embodiments of the stone according to the invention and an arrangement of stones to form a wall element or masonry are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a masonry or paving stone made of concrete or the like in plan view.
  • FIG. 2 shows the stone according to FIG. 1 in section along the line II-II in FIG. 1;
  • 3 shows the stone according to FIG. 1 in section, but along the line III-III in FIG. 1;
  • 4 shows a wall element consisting of an arrangement of stones according to FIG. 1;
  • 5 shows the wall element according to FIG. 4 in cross section;
  • 6 shows a wall element corresponding to FIG. 4 in section, but in a curved design;
  • 7 shows a self-supporting masonry made of an arrangement of stones according to FIG. 1;
  • 8 a masonry modified from the embodiment according to FIG. 7 from an arrangement of stones according to FIG. 1.

Ein Mauerwerk- oder Pflasterstein aus Beton oder dergleichen (Stein 10) ist gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 3 nach Art einer Steinplatte mit in Draufsicht quadratischem Umriß ausgebildet. An einer Flachseite 11 des so ausgebildeten Steines 10 ist eine Vielzahl von schallabsorbierend wirkenden Vertiefungen 12 angeordnet. Die Anordnung der Vertiefungen 12 erfolgt nach einem vorgegebenen Muster bzw. Raster, nämlich in Längs- und Querrichtung jeweils in gleichen Abständen voneinander. Altzrnativ zu diesem schachbrettartigen Raster sind natürlich auch andere Formen möglich, zum Beispiel gegeneinander versetzte Reihen von Vertiefungen oder konzentrisch bzw. spiralförmig angeordnete Vertiefungen 12.A masonry or paving stone made of concrete or the like (stone 10) is designed according to FIGS. 1 to 3 in the manner of a stone slab with a square outline in plan view. A plurality of sound-absorbing depressions 12 are arranged on a flat side 11 of the stone 10 thus formed. The recesses 12 are arranged according to a predetermined pattern or grid, namely in the longitudinal and transverse directions at equal distances from one another. Other forms of this checkerboard-like grid are of course also possible, for example rows of depressions offset from one another or depressions 12 arranged concentrically or spirally.

Die Vertiefungen 12 selbst sind jeweils konisch ausgebildet, und zwar mit in Draufsicht quadratischem Querschnitt. Die die Vertiefung begrenzenden Seitenflächen 13 sind im Inneren des Steines nach außen hin divergierend ausgebildet. Dadurch wird die Fertigung des Steines 10 als Betonformling erleichtert, da es keine Hinterschneidungen gibt und die Entschalung des Steines aus einer zweigeteilten Form herkömmlichen Aufbaues problemlos erfolgen kann. Der Querschnitt der Vertiefungen 12 kann in Draufsicht auch rund, dreieckig, sternförmig,rechteckig oder beliebig vieleckig sein.The depressions 12 themselves are each conical, with a square cross section in plan view. The side surfaces 13 delimiting the depression are designed to diverge outwards in the interior of the stone. This simplifies the manufacture of the stone 10 as a concrete molding, since there are no undercuts and the stone can be easily removed from a two-part form of a conventional structure. The cross section of the depressions 12 can also be round, triangular, star-shaped, rectangular or any polygon in plan view.

Die Vertiefungen 12 sind von einem Umfangsrand 14 umgeben, der sich auf dem Niveau einer Bezugsfläche 15 erstreckt.The depressions 12 are surrounded by a peripheral edge 14 which extends at the level of a reference surface 15.

Zwischen jeweils zwei benachbarten Vertiefungen 12 ist jeweils eine über die Bezugsfläche 15 hinausragende Erhöhung 16 ausgebildet. Ferner ist zwischen benachbarten, sich in Längs- und Querrichtung erstreckenden Reihen A, B, C, D bzw. E, F, G, H von abwechselnd ausgebildeten Vertiefungen 12 und Erhöhungen 16 ist jeweils eine Reihe 100, 102, 104 bzw. 106, 108, 110 von abwechselnd ausgebildeten Erhöhungen 16 und Bezugsflächenbereichen 17 angeordnet. Die Bezugsflächenbereiche 17 sind sich in der Bezugsfläche 15 erstreckende Flächenbereiche, die hier seitlich jeweils durch die Erhöhungen 16 begrenzt sind. In entsprechender Weise sind die Vertiefungen 12 seitlich jeweils durch die Erhöhungen 16 begrenzt, mit Ausnahme der randseitig angeordneten Vertiefungen. Die Erhöhungen 16 und die Bezugsflächenbereiche 17 weisen in Draufsicht ebenfalls jeweils einen quadratischen Querschnitt auf. Die Seitenflächen 13 der Vertiefungen 12 sind gleichzeitig die Seitenflächen der sich über die Bezugsfläche 15 hinaus erstreckenden Erhöhungen 16.An elevation 16 projecting beyond the reference surface 15 is formed between each two adjacent depressions 12. Furthermore, between adjacent rows A, B, which extend in the longitudinal and transverse directions, C, D and E, F, G, H of alternately formed depressions 12 and elevations 16 each have a row 100, 102, 104 or 106, 108, 110 of alternately formed elevations 16 and reference surface areas 17. The reference surface regions 17 are surface regions which extend in the reference surface 15 and are delimited here laterally by the elevations 16. Correspondingly, the depressions 12 are laterally delimited by the elevations 16, with the exception of the depressions arranged on the edge. The elevations 16 and the reference surface areas 17 each also have a square cross section in plan view. The side surfaces 13 of the depressions 12 are simultaneously the side surfaces of the elevations 16 which extend beyond the reference surface 15.

Die Oberseite 18 der Erhöhungen 16 und der Boden 19 der Vertiefungen 12 sind jeweils als ebene Qudratflächen ausgebildet. Sie können jedoch ebensogut sphärisch, kegelförmig oder dergleichen gestaltet sein. Das Verhältnis Stärke des Steines 10: Abstand Oberseite 18-Boden 19 beträgt 3:2 und das Verhältnis Kantenlänge des Steines 10: lichte Weite der Vertiefung 12 (gemessen an der Oberkante, zwischen zwei Oberseiten 18) beträgt 7:1. Die Konizität der Vertiefungen ist das Verhältnis lichte Weite der Vertiefung 12 (gemessen an der Oberkante, zwischen zwei Oberseiten 18): Weite der Vertiefung 12 (gemessen am Boden 19) und beträgt 2,6:1.The top 18 of the elevations 16 and the bottom 19 of the recesses 12 are each formed as flat square surfaces. However, they can also be spherical, conical or the like. The ratio of the thickness of the stone 10: the distance between the top 18 and the bottom 19 is 3: 2 and the ratio of the edge length of the stone 10: the inside width of the depression 12 (measured at the top edge, between two top sides 18) is 7: 1. The taper of the recesses is the ratio of the inside width of the recess 12 (measured at the upper edge, between two upper sides 18): the width of the recess 12 (measured at the bottom 19) and is 2.6: 1.

Der Stein 10 ist aus einem feinporigen, insbesondere offenporigem Material, wie hauffwerksporigem Leichtbeton, hergestellt. Der offenporige Leichtbeton in Verbindung mit den Vertiefungen 12 wirkt besonders gut schallabsorbierend sowie schalldämmend wie eingangs bereits dargelegt.The stone 10 is made of a fine-pore, in particular open-pore material, such as light-weight concrete with a high number of pores. The open-pore lightweight concrete in conjunction with the depressions 12 has a particularly good sound-absorbing and sound-absorbing effect, as already explained at the beginning.

Die Fig. 4, 5 und 6 zeigen eine Anordnung 20 von Steinen 10 gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 3 auf der Oberfläche 21 einer ebenen oder gewölbten (Fig. 6), vorzugsweise armierten, Betonplatte 22. Das so gebildete Wandelement 23 ist als Fertigteil vielseitig und kostengünstig verwendbar. Zur Herstellung des Wandelementes 23 werden die Steine 10 in frischen Beton auf der Oberfläche 21 der Betonplatte 22 verlegt und eingebunden. Vorzugsweise sind die Steine 10 gegenüber einem äußeren Umfangsrand 24 versenkt in der Betonplatte 22 angeordnet. Der in aufrechter Lage des Wandelementes 23 obere Teil des Umfangsrandes 24 kann als Gesims 25 und der gegenüberliegende untere Teil des Umfangsrandes als Auflager 26 ausgebildet sein, wie in Fig. 4 und 5 dargestellt. Der Umfangsrand 24 hat für das Wandelement 23 eine festigkeitserhöhende Funktion und wirkt sich vorteilhaft in der Fertigung aus, da die Steine 10 unmittelbar an die Innenkante 27 des Umfangsrandes 24 anliegend verlegt werden können. Das Gesims 25 dient darüber hinaus als Wetterschutz für die Steine 10. Es leitet das Regenwasser gezielt ab. Das Auflager 26 ist vorzugsweise verstärkt ausgebildet, da es das Gesamtgewicht des Wandelementes 23 trägt. Der Umfangsrand 24 weist einen etwa rechteckigen Querschnitt auf. Er ist dadurch formschlüssig zwischen zwei Stützen, insbesondere Doppel-T-Träger, einsetzbar, so daß beliebig viele Wandelemente 23 unter Verwendung ebensovieler Doppel-T-Träger unter Ausbildung einer schallabsorbierenden Begrenzungswand oder dergleichen einfach und schnell aufstellbar sind. Das Wandelement 23 kann auch zweiseitig schallabsorbierend ausgeführt sein, und zwar durch die Anordnung von Steinen 10 nicht nur an einer Oberfläche 21, sondern auch an der gegenüberliegenden Oberfläche. Zu diesem Zweck werden der Umfangsrand 24, insbesondere jedoch das Auflager 26 und das Gesims 25, entsprechend verbreitert ausgeführt. Beim Einsetzen der Wandelemente 23 in Doppel-T-Träger müssen dann auch Doppel-T-Träger mit entsprechend größerem Querschnittsprofil verwendet werden.4, 5 and 6 show an arrangement 20 of stones 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 on the surface 21 of a flat or curved (FIG. 6), preferably reinforced, concrete slab 22. The wall element 23 thus formed is a finished part versatile and inexpensive to use. To produce the wall element 23, the stones 10 are laid and bound in fresh concrete on the surface 21 of the concrete slab 22. The stones 10 are preferably arranged sunk in the concrete slab 22 with respect to an outer peripheral edge 24. The upper part of the peripheral edge 24 in the upright position of the wall element 23 can be formed as a cornice 25 and the opposite lower part of the peripheral edge as a support 26, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The peripheral edge 24 has a strength-increasing function for the wall element 23 and has an advantageous effect in production, since the stones 10 can be laid directly against the inner edge 27 of the peripheral edge 24. The cornice 25 also serves as weather protection for the stones 10. It specifically drains the rainwater. The support 26 is preferably of reinforced design since it bears the total weight of the wall element 23. The peripheral edge 24 has an approximately rectangular cross section. It can thus be positively inserted between two supports, in particular double-T beams, so that any number of wall elements 23 can be set up simply and quickly using as many double-T beams with the formation of a sound-absorbing boundary wall or the like. The wall element 23 can also be designed to be sound-absorbing on two sides, specifically by the arrangement of stones 10 not only on one surface 21 but also on the opposite surface. For this purpose, the peripheral edge 24, in particular, however, the support 26 and the cornice 25, are correspondingly widened. When inserting the wall elements 23 into double-T beams, double-T beams with a correspondingly larger cross-sectional profile must then also be used.

Die Platte 22 kann aus einem anderen Werkstoff als Beton gefertigt sein, zum Beispiel Kunststoff oder dergleichen.The plate 22 can be made of a material other than concrete, for example plastic or the like.

Gemäß den Fig. 7 und 8 ist eine Anordnung von Steinen 10 auch als selbsttragendes, im wesentlichen aufrechtes, Mauerwerk 28 ausführbar, welches vorzugsweise auf einem Fundament 29 aus Beton, Kunststoff, Holz, Stahl oder dergleichen errichtet ist. Die Steine 10 sind innerhalb des Mauerwerks 28 unter Bildung lotrechter Reihen 30 angeordnet, wobei die Steine 10 benachbarter Reihen 30 jeweils versetzt zueinander liegen. Es ist jedoch auch eine Ausführung des Mauerwerks 28 denkbar, in der die Steine 10 zum Beispiel in gegenseitig versetzten waagerechten Reihen oder in Quer- und Längsrichtung unversetzt zueinander angeordnet sind. Der obere Rand des Mauerwerks ist durch einen Abschlußstreifen 31 aus Beton oder dergleichen gebildet. Wird das Mauerwerk auf einem Gefälle errichtet, sind das Fundament 29 und der Abschlußstreifen 31 entsprechend dem Gefälle geradlinig ausgebildet (Fig. 7), oder aber das Fundament und die untere Begrenzung 32 des Abschlußstreifens 31 sind gestuft. Umgekehrt kann natürlich auch die obere Begrenzung des Abschlußstreifens gestuft verlaufen und die untere Begrenzung des Fundamentes geradlinig ausgebildet sein.7 and 8, an arrangement of stones 10 can also be carried out as a self-supporting, essentially upright, masonry 28, which is preferably built on a foundation 29 made of concrete, plastic, wood, steel or the like. The stones 10 are arranged within the masonry 28 to form vertical rows 30, the stones 10 of adjacent rows 30 each being offset from one another. However, an embodiment of the masonry 28 is also conceivable, in which the stones 10 are arranged, for example, in mutually offset horizontal rows or in the transverse and longitudinal directions without being offset from one another. The upper edge of the masonry is formed by an end strip 31 made of concrete or the like. If the masonry is erected on a slope, the foundation 29 and the end strip 31 are linear in accordance with the slope (FIG. 7), or else the foundation and the lower boundary 32 of the end strip 31 are stepped. Conversely, the upper boundary of the end strip can of course also be stepped and the lower boundary of the foundation can be straight.

In einer weiteren, hier nicht gezeigten Ausführungsform sind die Steine 10 als Ergänzung zu einem beliebigen anderen Mauerwerk, insbesondere als Verschalung, zum Beispiel Innenwandverschalung, verlegbar, vorzugsweise unter Ausbildung eines zweischaligen Mauerwerks.In a further embodiment, not shown here, the stones 10 can be laid as a supplement to any other masonry, in particular as a formwork, for example inner wall formwork, preferably with the formation of a double-layer masonry.

Der Stein 10 gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 3 bzw. das Wandelement 23 gemäß den Fig. 4 bis 6 weist folgende technische Daten auf:

Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002
Frosttausalzbeständig durch Einsatz von LP und niedrigen W/Z unter 0,4 Feuerfest, nicht brennbar, witterungs- und alterungsbeständig.The stone 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 and the wall element 23 according to FIGS. 4 to 6 have the following technical data:
Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002
 Resistant to de-icing salt thanks to the use of LP and low W / Z below 0.4 Fireproof, non-flammable, weather and aging resistant.

Sämtliche in den Unterlagen offenbarten Merkmale werden als erfindungswesentlich beansprucht, soweit sie einzeln oder in Kombination gegenüber dem Stand der Technik neu sind.All features disclosed in the documents are claimed as essential to the invention, insofar as they are new compared to the prior art, individually or in combination.

Claims (17)

1. Mauerwerk- oder Pflasterstein aus Beton oder dergleichen (Stein 10), gekennzeichnet durch eine an mindestens einer Seite ausgebildete Vielzahl von im Abstand voneinander angeordneten schallabsorbierend wirkenden Vertiefungen (12).1. masonry or paving stone made of concrete or the like (stone 10), characterized by a plurality of spaced apart sound-absorbing depressions (12) formed on at least one side. 2. Stein (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vertiefungen (12) nach einem vorgegebenen Raster, insbesondere in Längs- und Querrichtung jeweils in gleichen Abständen voneinander, angeordnet sind.2. Stone (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the depressions (12) are arranged according to a predetermined grid, in particular in the longitudinal and transverse directions at equal distances from one another. 3. Stein (10) nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vertiefungen (12) konisch ausgebildet sind, insbesondere in Draufsicht quadratischem Querschnitt.3. stone (10) according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the depressions (12) are conical, in particular in cross-section in plan view square. 4. Stein (10) nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vertiefungen (12) unterschiedlich tief ausgebildet sind, insbesondere dergestalt, daß die Tiefe ausgehend vom Rand des Steines nach innen zu- oder abnimmt.4. Stone (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the depressions (12) are of different depths, in particular such that the depth increases or decreases inwards starting from the edge of the stone. 5. Stein (10) nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen in Längs- und Querrichtung benachbarten Vertiefungen (12) jeweils eine über eine Bezugsfläche (15) hinausragende Erhöhung (16) ausgebildet ist.5. Stone (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that between adjacent in the longitudinal and transverse directions recesses (12) each have a reference surface (15) protruding elevation (16) is formed. 6. Stein (10) nach Anspruch 5, gekennzeichnet durch einen die Vertiefungen (12) und Erhöhungen (16) umgebenden Umfangsrand (14), der sich unterhalb oder oberhalb, vorzugsweise etwa auf dem Niveau der Bezugsfläche (15) erstreckt.6. stone (10) according to claim 5, characterized by a the recesses (12) and elevations (16) surrounding peripheral edge (14) which extends below or above, preferably approximately at the level of the reference surface (15). 7. Stein (10) nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichent, daß zwischen benachbarten, sich in Längs-und Querrichtung erstreckenden Reihen von sich abwechselnden Vertiefungen (12) und Erhöhungen (16) jeweils eine Reihe von abwechselnd ausgebildeten Erhöhungen (16) und Bezugsflächenbereichen (17) angeordnet ist.7. stone (10) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized gekennzeichent that between adjacent, extending in the longitudinal and transverse directions of rows of alternating depressions (12) and elevations (16) each have a series of alternately formed ridges (16) and Reference surface areas (17) is arranged. 8. Stein (10) nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vertiefungen (12) begrenzende Seitenflächen (13) in den Bereich der angrenzenden Erhöhungen (16) fortgesetzt sind.8. stone (10) according to one or more of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the depressions (12) delimiting side surfaces (13) in the region of the adjacent elevations (16) are continued. 9. Stein (10) nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er aus feinporigem, insbesondere offenporigem Material, wie hauffwerksporigem Leichtbeton, hergestellt ist.9. stone (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is made of fine-pore, in particular open-pore material such as heap-engineered lightweight concrete. 10. Stein (10) nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sein äußerer Umfangsrand (14) in Draufsicht ein Quadrat, Rechteck, Dreieck, einen Kreis oder dergleichen begrenzt.10. stone (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that its outer peripheral edge (14) delimits a square, rectangle, triangle, a circle or the like in plan view. 11. Anordnung (20) von Steinen (10), insbesondere nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, auf mindestens einer Oberfläche (21) einer ebenen oder gewölbten, vorzugsweise armierten, Beton- oder dergleichen Platte (22), unter Ausbildung eines einheitlichen Wandelementes (23).11. arrangement (20) of stones (10), in particular according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, on at least one surface (21) of a flat or curved, preferably reinforced, concrete or similar plate (22), forming a uniform wall element (23). 12. Anordnung (20) nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steine (10) gegenüber einem äußeren Umfangsrand (24) versenkt in der Beton- oder dergleichen Platte (22) angeordnet, vorzugsweise eingebunden sind, wobei gegebenenfalls der eine Rand als Gesims (25) und der gegenüberliegende Rand als Auflager (26) ausgebildet sind.12. Arrangement (20) according to claim 11, characterized in that the stones (10) with respect to an outer circumferential edge (24) sunk in the concrete or the like plate (22) are arranged, preferably integrated, where appropriate the one edge as a cornice (25) and the opposite edge are designed as supports (26). 13. Anordnung (20) nach Anspruch 11 oder Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie formschlüssig zwischen zwei Stützen, insbesondere Doppel-T-Trägern, einsetzbar ist.13. Arrangement (20) according to claim 11 or claim 12, characterized in that it can be positively inserted between two supports, in particular double-T beams. 14. Anordnung (20) von Steinen (10) nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steine (10) auf einem Fundament (29) aus Beton oder dergleichen unter Bildung eines selbsttragenden, im wesentlichen aufrechten, Mauerwerks (28) angeordnet sind, wobei gegebenenfalls der obere Rand des Mauerwerks durch einen Abschlußstreifen (31) aus Beton oder dergleichen gebildet ist.14. Arrangement (20) of stones (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the stones (10) on a foundation (29) made of concrete or the like to form a self-supporting, substantially upright, masonry (28) are arranged, the upper edge of the masonry possibly being formed by an end strip (31) made of concrete or the like. 15. Anordnung (20) nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steine (10) innerhalb des Mauerwerks (28) unter Bildung lotrechter Reihen (30) angeordnet sind, wobei die Steine (10) benachbarter Reihen (30) jeweils versetzt zueinander liegen.15. An arrangement (20) according to claim 14, characterized in that the stones (10) within the masonry (28) are arranged to form vertical rows (30), the stones (10) of adjacent rows (30) each being offset from one another . 16. Anordnung nach Anspruch 14 oder Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fundament (29) des Mauerwerks (28) in Längsrichtung desselben gestuft ausgebildet ist, und daß die untere Begrenzung (32) des oberen Abschlußstreifens (31) entsprechend gestuft verläuft.16. The arrangement according to claim 14 or claim 15, characterized in that the foundation (29) of the masonry (28) is stepped in the longitudinal direction thereof, and that the lower boundary (32) of the upper end strip (31) extends accordingly stepped. 17. Anordnung von Steinen (10) nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie als Verschalung, insbesondere Innenwandverschalung, verlegbar ist, vorzugsweise unter Ausbildung eines zweischaligen Mauerwerks.17. Arrangement of stones (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it can be laid as cladding, in particular inner wall cladding, preferably with the formation of a double-shell masonry.
EP86111538A 1985-08-29 1986-08-20 Brick or paving stone of concrete or the like Expired - Lifetime EP0214524B1 (en)

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EP0361025A1 (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-04-04 AG Hunziker & Cie. Noise barrier device
FR2712902A1 (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-06-02 Tuyaux Bonna Acoustic insulator for placing along roadway
US5422056A (en) * 1989-09-04 1995-06-06 Steven Bernd Neu Method of manufacturing glass reinforced concrete building products
DE19547384A1 (en) * 1995-12-19 1997-06-26 Gerhard Hiesl Sound block for absorbing sound
EP0900881A2 (en) * 1997-09-09 1999-03-10 Favre Betonwaren Ag Building element,-assembly, -set or building for noise protection- and/or support structures
WO2003078740A1 (en) 2002-03-19 2003-09-25 Ecole Polytechnique Noise abatement wall
WO2006004353A1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2006-01-12 Bae-Young Kim Sound absorption block and method of constructing the same
WO2009137466A3 (en) * 2008-05-05 2010-01-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Acoustic composite
US7789193B2 (en) * 2006-04-27 2010-09-07 Masao Suzuki Sound insulating device
WO2011038435A1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-07 Wolfgang Brunbauer Sound absorbing device
GB2475718A (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-01 Red Twin Ltd Acoustic surface comprising structural slab with randomly positioned wells.

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DE4231487A1 (en) * 1992-09-21 1994-03-24 Nuedling Franz C Basaltwerk Sound absorbing, constructional wall element - has cover layer, whose wall is fitted with sound absorbing layer, or plates on rear side and has air gap between cover and support layers
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EP0361025A1 (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-04-04 AG Hunziker & Cie. Noise barrier device
US5422056A (en) * 1989-09-04 1995-06-06 Steven Bernd Neu Method of manufacturing glass reinforced concrete building products
FR2712902A1 (en) * 1993-11-26 1995-06-02 Tuyaux Bonna Acoustic insulator for placing along roadway
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JP4811822B2 (en) * 2004-06-30 2011-11-09 バエ−ヨン キム Sound absorbing block and construction method of sound absorbing block
WO2006004353A1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2006-01-12 Bae-Young Kim Sound absorption block and method of constructing the same
GB2429469A (en) * 2004-06-30 2007-02-28 Bae-Young Kim Sound absorption block and method of constructing the same
JP2008505258A (en) * 2004-06-30 2008-02-21 バエ−ヨン キム Sound absorbing block and construction method of sound absorbing block
US7571790B2 (en) 2004-06-30 2009-08-11 Bae-Young Kim Sound absorption block and method of constructing the same
CN1985055B (en) * 2004-06-30 2010-05-05 金培永 Sound absorption block and method of constructing the same
US7789193B2 (en) * 2006-04-27 2010-09-07 Masao Suzuki Sound insulating device
WO2009137466A3 (en) * 2008-05-05 2010-01-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Acoustic composite
US8381872B2 (en) 2008-05-05 2013-02-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Acoustic composite
CN102016194B (en) * 2008-05-05 2013-03-27 3M创新有限公司 Acoustic composite
WO2011038435A1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-07 Wolfgang Brunbauer Sound absorbing device
GB2475718A (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-01 Red Twin Ltd Acoustic surface comprising structural slab with randomly positioned wells.
GB2475718B (en) * 2009-11-27 2015-09-16 Red Twin Ltd Method of producing an acoustic surface.

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DE3530867A1 (en) 1987-03-05
ATE58195T1 (en) 1990-11-15
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DE3675478D1 (en) 1990-12-13

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