EP0214062B1 - Procédé de fabrication, par aiguilletage, d'étoffes non-tissées à poil couché - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication, par aiguilletage, d'étoffes non-tissées à poil couché Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0214062B1
EP0214062B1 EP86420175A EP86420175A EP0214062B1 EP 0214062 B1 EP0214062 B1 EP 0214062B1 EP 86420175 A EP86420175 A EP 86420175A EP 86420175 A EP86420175 A EP 86420175A EP 0214062 B1 EP0214062 B1 EP 0214062B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
layer
fibers
needles
product
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86420175A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0214062A1 (fr
Inventor
Michel Martin
Michel Laine
Jean-Claude Gacon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Benoit Le Tapis Brosse (societe Anonyme De Droit Francais)
Asselin SA
Original Assignee
Benoit Le Tapis Brosse (societe Anonyme De Droit Francais)
Asselin SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Benoit Le Tapis Brosse (societe Anonyme De Droit Francais), Asselin SA filed Critical Benoit Le Tapis Brosse (societe Anonyme De Droit Francais)
Priority to AT86420175T priority Critical patent/ATE49615T1/de
Publication of EP0214062A1 publication Critical patent/EP0214062A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0214062B1 publication Critical patent/EP0214062B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C15/00—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics
    • D06C15/02—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics between co-operating press or calender rolls
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H11/00—Non-woven pile fabrics
    • D04H11/08—Non-woven pile fabrics formed by creation of a pile on at least one surface of a non-woven fabric without addition of pile-forming material, e.g. by needling, by differential shrinking
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D04H18/02—Needling machines with needles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C29/00—Finishing or dressing, of textile fabrics, not provided for in the preceding groups

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for manufacturing nonwoven products, having a combed appearance.
  • the nonwoven products obtained by needling have faces in which the direction of the surface fibers is arranged at random and the fibers do not extend, without exception, outside the surface of the product layer.
  • Document-US-A 4 390 582 relates to a textile comprising cut fibers, produced from superimposed veils of fibers undergoing a needling operation to extract part of the fibers, a combing operation to orient the fibers substantially perpendicular to the tablecloth, before they undergo a cutting operation.
  • the nonwoven products obtained by this process have rough surfaces and a non-decorative appearance. Furthermore, said products do not have a smooth surface allowing the flow of water when they are used, in particular in the building industry, to produce a roof or facade cladding.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a product comprising at least one combed face and capable of being used in numerous applications, in particular having good sealing qualities against water run-off.
  • this product consists of a layer of nonwoven product having a combed appearance and in which a part of the fibers has a free end overlapping to form a coating of fibers oriented parallel to the surface of the layer of fibers.
  • a part of the hard and resilient fibers such as coconut fibers
  • a mechanical post-needling operation to extract a part of the fiber from the substrate of said layer of fibers and constitute thus ends of fibers having a preferential parallelized orientation forming a combed coating on at least one of the faces of the layer of fibers
  • the frequency of alternating movements of the needles used for the post-needling operation being such that it allows obtaining a number of ends constituting a combed coating on one of the faces of the fibrous layer
  • the needles having a plating force such that, combined with the entrainment of the fibrous structure, it causes the coating of free ends substantially parallel to the drive direction.
  • the mechanical bonding operation is optionally followed by a brushing operation to perfect the parallel orientation of the free ends of the fibers and to improve their covering in order to perfect the combed appearance of the coating.
  • the nonwoven product, and having at least one combed face according to the invention can be used for the production of a real industrial thatch usable mainly thanks to the effect of tile introduced by the process.
  • the product according to the invention can be used for the realization of houses mainly in developing countries, in particular for the roof, and as skin for walls sensitive to water (earth, plaster, etc.) or unsightly like concrete blocks or mechanically fragile with regard to certain stresses (in particular seismic).
  • Another interesting use lies in the interior decoration of premises for residential or other use, and in particular for wall coverings.
  • Nonwoven products having a combed appearance on one side, can be successfully used in the manufacture of a coconut fiber wiper having the apparent characteristics of the traditional brush mat with plastic undercoat brushing the feet.
  • Non-woven products with a combed appearance can be used in clothing (faux loden, special clothing meeting a fashion need), in furniture (carpets, rugs, carpet brushes, mats, various furniture coverings) and copy of traditional weaving weave as for needlepunch but based on coconut fibers.
  • this invention aims to improve all the qualities of weaving velvet or not based on coconut fibers, which until today, went through manual or mechanical spinning, by traditional weaving or by cutting of this thread, that needling was then used only for insulation, padding of seats or mattresses, because of its anarchic appearance (non-parallelism of the ends of the fibers) thus excluding its use in areas of decoration , paper towels and copies of industrial thatch.
  • This new system will therefore make it possible to lower the cost price and to relaunch coconut fiber in competition with so-called synthetic fibers.
  • Nonwoven products are fibrous structures of variable thickness in which the fibers are sort of sewn on themselves.
  • Figure 1 there are shown two fibers 1 and 2 which are in the situation where they appear in the thickness of the layer of fibrous material.
  • the two ends 1a, 1b of the fiber 1 and the two ends 2a, 2b of the fiber 2 are embedded inside the entangled fibers, that is to say in the volume of the mat itself.
  • the ends 1a, 1b and 2a, 2b of the fibers are not free.
  • FIG 2 there is shown a layer of needled, nonwoven product which has been treated according to the method of the invention.
  • a fiber 3 belongs entirely like fibers 1 and 2 to the volume of entangled fibers and its ends 3a, 3b are not free.
  • the fibers 4, 4 ' have one of their ends 4a, 4'a which is embedded in the layer of fibers and their other end 4b, 4'b which extends freely outside the layer fiber.
  • Mechanical binding also has the effect of roughly orienting this end 4b, 4'b of the fibers 4, 4 'in the direction of movement of the product.
  • a rotary brushing in order to obtain a coating 5 constituted by the ends of the adjacent fibers oriented in parallel (FIG. 2).
  • FIG 3 there is shown an installation for obtaining needled products of known type. It includes a preparation assembly 6 which makes it possible to pass from the general purpose fiber 7 to a layer of fibers 8 capable of being needled, a needling machine 9 which allows the preparation of a nonwoven product 10 and a set of two cylinders 11 calendering which ensures the shaping of the layer 10 of nonwoven product and gives it its final thickness.
  • the layer of calendered needled nonwoven product 12 can subsequently undergo various finishing operations 13 before obtaining the final product 14.
  • FIG 4 there is shown a needle 9 of known type which is used in the installation shown in Figure 3 to obtain a traditional needled fiber product.
  • the tip 15 is very tapered and the lateral asperities 16 allow a drive of fibers in the direction of the needle, but not in the opposite direction.
  • FIG. 6 and 7 there is shown a mechanical binding device according to the invention which is arranged following the needling 9 shown in the figure 3 and which aims to carry out the extraction of the fibers 4b, 4'b, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the mat 17 advances between two plates 18 and 19 which are provided with lights 20 in which needles 21 move , 22, 23.
  • One of the needles 21 shown in FIG. 5 which is produced for carrying out the method according to the invention comprises a rectilinear rod 25 terminated by a head 24 in the form of a fork.
  • the rod 25 is smooth and narrower than the head 24.
  • the hollow 26 of the head is not too sharp to avoid premature shearing at the level of the fiber which it entails.
  • the needle 21 which begins its course catches a fiber 27, while the needle 22 which has passed through the layer of fibers continues to entrain the same fiber and forms a loop 28 outside of the needlepunch.
  • the needle 23 having reached its maximum stroke, the fiber 29 is broken at 30 at the level of the plate 19 (FIG. 6). This rupture makes it possible to obtain a single particularly long free end 31.
  • the fiber 29 breaks at 32 in the vicinity of the hollow of the fork 24. This break makes it possible to obtain two free ends 33 and 34 of substantially equal lengths.
  • This mode of rupture preferably appears with fairly rigid fibers which break at the place of the greatest curvature. As a result, these fibers make it possible to obtain the most regular combed appearance.
  • FIG. 8 there is shown the process in which the free ends are directed in very close directions.
  • the needle 23 is at the end of the race and the fiber 29 which has broken at 32 in the vicinity of the fork 23 separates into two strands 33 and 34.
  • the needle 23 rises, while the layer of needled product has advanced and the strands 33, 34 have abutted on the corner 35 of the lower plate 29.
  • the lateral drive of the layer of needled product, in combination with its plating on the plate 19, causes the strands 33 and 34 and all the similar free ends to be coated, as well as their progressive overlapping with one another.
  • needles 37 and 38 have different lengths in order to vary the density of the free strands over the entire width of the pass and therefore to modulate the effect of combing. It can be seen that, in FIG. 10, the arrangement of the needles 37 is asymmetrical and, consequently, not very advantageous since it introduces parasitic moments into the needling machine which affect its operation at fatigue.
  • FIG. 12 there is shown a pair of calendering members which consist of two cylinders 39 and 40 whose axes are parallel and which are rotated.
  • One of the cylinders 39 has circular ribs 41, 4la intended to exert two suppression s located in width.
  • the purpose of this arrangement is to obtain a fiber product whose combed appearance has scratches 42, 42a.
  • FIG. 14 two pairs of calendering members are shown, consisting of cylinders 43, 44 whose axes of revolution are parallel and horizontal, that is to say parallel to the plane of the layer of nonwoven, needled and cylindrical in shape.
  • the cylinders 43, 44 (FIG. 14) have bulges 45, 45a in the form of a truncated cone, the height of which is less than the spacing of the cylinders, that is to say the thickness of the layer. of fibers in current section.
  • the bulges 45, 45a are arranged head to tail at the ends of the cylinders.
  • Figure 15 there is shown the vertical section of the product produced from the previous calendering members ( Figure 14), as well as its assembly by overlapping without extra thickness thanks to the chamfers 46 ob held by the bulges 45, 45a.
  • the actual connection is made by sewing 47 using a thatched needle.
  • calendering members 48, 48a and 49, 49a are shown with curved contours.
  • the calendering members 49, 49a have the form of two sinusoids which fit together and make it possible to produce corrugated products. In this case, however, it must be ensured that the radii of curvature of the corrugations are significantly larger than the thickness of the product.
  • the concave radius of curvature 51 of the diabolo 50 is smaller than the convex radius of curvature 51a of the truncated ellipsoid 50a ( Figures 18, 19)
  • the usefulness of such products appears when bending moments are to be balanced or when assemblies require wings whose thinness could not suit the center of the product.
  • FIGs 20 and 21 there are shown rotary brushes 52 and 53 which are advantageously arranged upstream of the calendering tools.
  • the teeth 54 are of constant section, fixed and flexible whereas, in FIG. 21, the teeth 55 have a variable cross section and they are rigid, so that the device which carries them is more like a rotary comb than a rotary brush.
  • FIGs 22 and 23 there is shown an embodiment of the mechanical binding device in two different positions in order to obtain a combed appearance perpendicular to the direction of installation.
  • a mechanical binding device 57 which comprises a carriage 58 mounted on wheels 59, moving on rails 60 perpendicular to the direction of advancement of the layer of fibers 56.
  • Au above the carriage 58 is disposed a housing 61 in which the needles 62 and their actuating means are mounted.
  • the carriage 58 has an orifice 63 delimited by two horizontal plates and in which the layer of fibers 56 moves.
  • time t 22 0, which corresponds to the position of the carriage in FIG. 22, the layer of pre-needled fibers 56 which continuously advancing to the right is blocked and the carriage 58 advances perpendicularly so as to shape the mat.
  • a loop 64 is formed because the advancement of the mat 56 is continuous in current.
  • the needle holder tool 61 is placed in the high position, so that the carriage 58 can return to its initial position (FIG. 22) without coming into contact with the mat which advances under a traction exerted downstream and the loop 64 is absorbed.
  • the cycle can then start again.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Multi-Layer Textile Fabrics (AREA)
  • Details Of Garments (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
EP86420175A 1985-07-02 1986-06-30 Procédé de fabrication, par aiguilletage, d'étoffes non-tissées à poil couché Expired - Lifetime EP0214062B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86420175T ATE49615T1 (de) 1985-07-02 1986-06-30 Verfahren zur herstellung von nichtgewebten durch vernadelung erhaltenen strickwaren.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8510092 1985-07-02
FR8510092A FR2584428B1 (fr) 1985-07-02 1985-07-02 Procede de fabrication de produits non tisses, presentant un aspect peigne, par un dispositif mecanique alternatif.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0214062A1 EP0214062A1 (fr) 1987-03-11
EP0214062B1 true EP0214062B1 (fr) 1990-01-17

Family

ID=9320885

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86420175A Expired - Lifetime EP0214062B1 (fr) 1985-07-02 1986-06-30 Procédé de fabrication, par aiguilletage, d'étoffes non-tissées à poil couché

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0214062B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE49615T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3668335D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES8707776A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2584428B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IN (1) IN163715B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
PT (1) PT82874B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5239734A (en) * 1989-06-30 1993-08-31 Sommer S.A. Process and device for manufacturing textile products from fibres and/or filaments and products obtained
ITFI20020054A1 (it) * 2002-03-29 2003-09-29 T N T Tessuti Non Tessuti S R Metodo e macchina per la produzione di un manufatto tessile decorato con un effetto a ricamo e manufatto cosi' ottenuto

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1825827A (en) * 1924-10-16 1931-10-06 Lea Fabrics Inc Single texture fabric and process of making the same
FR1111419A (fr) * 1954-11-03 1956-02-27 Dawant A Matériau d'isolement
FR1554901A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1967-12-14 1969-01-24
FR2142308A5 (en) * 1971-06-18 1973-01-26 Btb Benoit Tapis Brosse Roof covering - of plastic artificial thatch
FR2176311A6 (en) * 1972-03-16 1973-10-26 Btb Benoit Tapis Brosse Simulated thatch roofing - of long fibres part embedded in plastic substrate
FR2213655A5 (en) * 1973-01-08 1974-08-02 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Production of patterned heat-shrinking materials
US4390582A (en) * 1980-06-16 1983-06-28 Ozite Corporation Cut pile fabric with carrier and texturized loops

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2584428B1 (fr) 1987-10-23
FR2584428A1 (fr) 1987-01-09
PT82874B (pt) 1992-07-31
ES556966A0 (es) 1987-08-16
EP0214062A1 (fr) 1987-03-11
ATE49615T1 (de) 1990-02-15
DE3668335D1 (de) 1990-02-22
IN163715B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1988-10-29
PT82874A (fr) 1986-07-01
ES8707776A1 (es) 1987-08-16

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