EP0213121B1 - Cle de serrage amelioree - Google Patents

Cle de serrage amelioree Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0213121B1
EP0213121B1 EP85901269A EP85901269A EP0213121B1 EP 0213121 B1 EP0213121 B1 EP 0213121B1 EP 85901269 A EP85901269 A EP 85901269A EP 85901269 A EP85901269 A EP 85901269A EP 0213121 B1 EP0213121 B1 EP 0213121B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
bore
key
holder member
key member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85901269A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0213121A4 (fr
EP0213121A1 (fr
Inventor
Ronald W. Batten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT85901269T priority Critical patent/ATE52212T1/de
Publication of EP0213121A1 publication Critical patent/EP0213121A1/fr
Publication of EP0213121A4 publication Critical patent/EP0213121A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0213121B1 publication Critical patent/EP0213121B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00—Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/14—Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers
    • B25B23/1415—Break members; Arrangements specially adapted for break-bolts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B25B21/001—Combined nut setting and crimping

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a power assisted wrenching tool, and in particular, to a wrenching tool for attachment of fasteners in loose and interference fit applications.
  • Threaded fasteners are frequently used in loose fit applications in which it is difficult to work from both sides of the workpiece. This occurs quite frequently in the aerospace industry, and a particular fastening system has been developed in this industry.
  • This system employs frangible fasteners comprising a bolt with a threaded nut member having a threaded collar and a distal wrenching ring separated by a notched section that provides a predetermined limiting torque which when exceeded permits the wrenching ring to shear from the threaded collar leaving the latter in place at a precise predetermined tensile loading on the bolt member.
  • the threaded collar has an upset portion, usually a slightly elliptical shape, to provide a frictional spring lock to prevent the fastener from spinning off in the event that the residual tension on the fastener is lost.
  • these fasteners are used both in loose and interference fit applications, and in the former applications it has been the practice to use a drive tool having a center key which is inserted into a broached keyway of the bolt to hold the bolt stationary while the threaded collar is applied.
  • the key is mounted in a keyway broached in the center core of a key holder member of the wrenching tool.
  • the holder member is slidably received in a central through bore of the driven, socket member.
  • the key is fixedly secured in the core of the holder member usually by a set screw.
  • U.S. Patent 3,584,527 is typical of these tools.
  • the key is inserted from the rear of the tool, and a retainer ring secures the key.
  • the prior key retainers in these tools are cumbersome and cause delays and difficulties in changing the tools from the application of fasteners in interference fit and loose fit applications, since in only the latter is the key necessary.
  • the key often breaks during use and it is necessary to replace broken and worn keys, again a time consuming operation with the customary key retainers. Occasionally, the key becomes jammed in a bolt during the application of a threaded fastener and, when this occurs, the tool is immobilized and difficulties are removing the tool from the work.
  • the wrenching tool includes a motor assembly 10 with a motor housing 12 and an integral, dependent hand grip 14 having a trigger 16.
  • the motor assembly 10 is supplied with a motive fluid, commonly compressed air, through a flexible hose 18.
  • the particularly illustrated wrenching tool includes a torque control assembly 20 which is threadably engaged on the threaded boss 22 of the housing 12 and which has an internal shaft, not shown, that is connected to the motor drive shaft.
  • the torque control assembly 20 contains an internal friction clutch which is preloaded to a predetermined torque and this assembly is commonly used with the non-frangible fasteners to provide a control on the tightening torque applied to the fasteners. It is not needed when the tool is to be used with frangible fasteners.
  • the torque control assembly is attached to the tool head assembly 23.
  • This head assembly has a housing 24 which contains a plurality of gears that provide a gear train with the appropriate speed reduction characteristic for the particular tool.
  • the head assembly 23 supports a socket assembly 24.
  • a number of interchangeable socket assemblies can be used to provide a variable extension from the face 28 of the head assembly housing 24.
  • the particular socket assembly illustrated is flush with this plate and receives in its socket 30, the wrenching ring 32 of a frangible fastener 34.
  • the socket assembly is also illustrated with the key 36 of the invention restrained in the core of the holder member 38.
  • the workpiece is generally indicated at 40 and comprises two members to be retained by a bolt fastener 42 and a threaded collar fastener 44 of the frangible fastener unit.
  • the socket assembly 26 removed from the head assembly 23.
  • the socket assembly comprises three major parts.
  • the key 36 has one or more flats 46 and is received within a broached keyway concentric in the core 48 of the holder member 38.
  • the holder member 38 is slidably received within a through bore of the outer, driven member 50 which has a plurality of sprocket gear teeth 52 about its periphery. These gear teeth 52 engage with gears within the head assembly 23.
  • the forward end of the driven member 50 has a socket 30 for receiving the wrenching ring 32 previously mentioned with regard to Figure 1.
  • the holder member 38 has a transverse bore 54 which receives a spring retainer that restrains this member against rotation while permitting its relative axial displacement within the driven member 50.
  • key 36 has flats 46 coextensive its length with one end chamfered at 56 and with a peripheral groove 58 adjacent the chamfered end.
  • the aforementioned sprocket gear teeth 52 preferably are integral with the driven member 50 and this member has a socket end 30 which is in communication with a through bore, not shown, having a sufficient inside diameter to slideably receive the central core 48 of the holder member 38.
  • the holder member 38 has a center bore 60 which is broached to provide flated surfaces which mate the flatted surfaces 46 of key 36.
  • the holder member has a cross bore 62 which intersects the longitudinal center bore 60. This cross bore 62 is of sufficient diameter to receive the ball 64 which serves as a detent, cooperatively engaging the peripheral groove 58 of the key 36.
  • the workpiece 40 comprises plates 41 and 43 which are to be fastened and, for this purpose, have aligned bores which receive the shank of a bolt 42.
  • Bolt 42 is used in combination with a frangible fastener 34 having an internally threaded collar 44 on one end, and a wrenching ring 32 on its opposite end, separated by an annular notched section 45 which has a groove 47 of a predetermined depth to provide a predetermined breakaway torque for separating the wrenching ring from the collar 44.
  • the head assembly 22 of the wrenching tool of the invention is shown with the key 36 of the invention retained in the holder member 38 which is restrained against rotation by spring 66.
  • the fastener 34 is shown applied on bolt 42, in a conventional loose fit.
  • the bolt 42 has a center keyway 68 with mating flats to receive the end of key 36 and the wrenching collar 32 is placed in the socket 30 of the wrenching tool.
  • the work is to be secured by actuation of the wrenching tool which advances the collar 44 on the bolt 42.
  • This operation is illustrated in Figure 6 where the locking collar 44 is advanced on bolt 42 with the bolt 42 drawn into tension, restraining plates 41 and 43.
  • the holder member 38 is slideably displaced in the wrenching tool, reaching the position shown in Figure 6.
  • the holder member 38 is retained stationary by the spring 66 which has a bent end received in the through bore 54 in the end of the holder member 38.
  • the continued application of torque to the frangible fastener 34 results in failure of its notched center section and separation of the wrenching collar 32 from the fastener collar 44 which remains in place, securely locking the fastener.
  • the spring 66 returns the holder member 38 to its normal position, ejecting the wrenching ring 32 from the internal socket 30 of the wrenching tool.
  • the device will also work with non-frangible fastener systems which do not release a separate wrenching collar to the tool.
  • the wrenching tool and fastener system is shown in greater detail.
  • the bolt 42 is shown in a loose fit extending through plates 41 and 43 and with its threaded end entering into the internally threaded fastener collar 44.
  • the wrenching ring 32 at the opposite end of the frangible fastener 34 is shown engaged in the socket 30 of the driven member 50.
  • the holder unit 38 is shown in its fully extended position and the key 36 is shown restrained by the ball 64 that is received in the cross bore 62 and projects into the central bore 60 of the holder member 38.
  • ball 64 is captured in cross bore 62 by staked means such as a distal annular lip 65 on the inside wall of cross bore 62.
  • the key 36 is secured by ball 64 which seats in the peripheral groove 58 of the key.
  • the ball 64 is held in this position by the driven member 50, surrounding the holder member 38.
  • the driven member 50 is illustrated with its sprocket gear teeth 52 meshed with the drive teeth of a driving sprocket gear 70 contained within the housing 24 of the head assembly 23.
  • the holder member 38 is restrained against rotation in this assembly by the end of spring 66 which extends into the cross bore 64, all as previously described.
  • Figure 9 illustrates the wrenching tool immediately upon separation of the frangible wrenching ring 32 from the fastener collar 44. This occurs when the fastening collar is advanced sufficiently on bolt 42 to achieve a predetermined tension in bolt 42, compressing the workpiece 40.
  • the wrenching tool is retracted from the work, extracting the key 36 from the broached keyway 68 in the end of bolt 42.
  • spring 66 resiliently biases the holder member 38 towards its extended position, advancing this unit until the shoulder 72 abuts the wrenching ring 32 and ejects this ring from the socket.
  • the key 36 can be readily extracted from the socket assembly 26 in the manner shown in Figure 10.
  • the annular groove 74 is positioned in exact alignment with the cross bore 62 of the holder member 38, permitting ball 64 to move laterally, retracting the ball from its engagement with groove 58 in the end of the key 36. This frees key 36 for extraction from the assembly, as shown in Figure 6.
  • shoulder 63 is visible in through bore 60 which provides an abutment stop for key 36.
  • the annular groove 74 can be aligned with cross bore 62, and the bias of spring 66 can be released from holder 38 in the aligned position by placing a spacer block 75 between the back of housing 24 of the head assembly and the head 76 of the holder member 38.
  • the spacer block can be permanently attached to the tool by a pivotal attachment to permit it to be swung into the illustrated position when needed and moved to one side when the tool is in use.
  • the key 36 can be set in the socket assembly in its restrained position within holder 38 by forcefully advancing the key 36 in the manner illustrated in Figure 11.
  • the ball 64 is in its inwardly displaced position, restrained therein by the driven member 50.
  • the inboard end of key 36 encounters the ball and its inward movement is interfered by the ball.
  • the key has adequate resiliency to flex sufficiently to permit its head end to advance past the ball 64.
  • the head end of key 36 is chamfered as shown at 56 at an angle of 10 to about 65 degrees, preferably 45 degrees, with its longitudinal axis, and the peripheral groove 58 is located within a distance from 0.2 to about 0.5 times the diameter of ball 64. Additional, there should be a slight tolerance in the fit between the key and its receiving bore 60. Since this provides a facile and fast manner for seating the key 36 in the socket assembly, it constitutes a preferred embodiment of the key 36 for use in the invention.
  • the bore 60 in the center of the holder 38 is preferably coextensive the length of the holder member 38 thereby permitting access through the head 76 of holder member 38 thereby permitting one to insert a pin to forcefully eject key 36 should the latter become jammed in the holder member 38.
  • an angular cross bore 80 can be provided in this holder member 38, intersecting the central bore 60 in the manner illustrated in Figure 12.
  • the invention as thus described provides a number of advantages over the conventionally employed unit having a key which is retained in the holder member by set screws and the like.
  • the key can be very quickly inserted or extracted from the holder member without requiring its disassembly or removal of a set screw. This is important particularly when switching the tool between interference and loose fit applications, as is frequently required.
  • a broken key segment within the holder 38 can be readily removed by the alignment of the annular groove 74 with the cross bore 62 in the holder 38 which permits the ball 64 to release the key and the key will then fall from the holder 38.
  • a pin can be advanced through the continuous through bore 60 from the head end 38 of the assembly.
  • a frequent occurrence is the jamming of the key 36 in the broached keyway 68 of the fastener 42.
  • the entire wrenching tool is captured and retained until the key 36 can be freed or broken to permit removal of the wrenching tool.
  • the wrenching tool can be readily freed from the fastener system by simply moving the holder member 38 into the key disengagement position and, if necessary, using a spacer block such as 75 for this purpose. Once the tool is aligned in this manner, it can readily be removed, leaving the jammed key 36 in the bolt 42 for subsequent extraction.

Claims (11)

1. Un outil de serrage rotatif, comprenant un moteur et un organe (50) entraîné en rotation muni d'une douille distale (30) et d'un trou central qui reçoit à coulissement un organe de support (38) fixe en rotation et percé d'un alésage central (60) partant d'une de ces extrémités, une clé (36) installée dans cet alésage incluant un méplat (46) à sa surface qui s'adapte à un méplat formé sur la paroi interne dudit alésage central pour bloquer en rotation ladite clé (36), et dans lequel ladite clé (36) présente une gorge périphérique (58) au voisinage de son extrémité logée dans l'alésage central (60), caractérisé par:
(a) une bille à cliquet (64) à l'intérieur dudit outil, propre à se loger dans ladite gorge périphérique (58) et à bloquer ainsi axialement la clé (36) dans l'alésage central (60);
(b) un trou radial (62) percé dans l'organe de support (38) et coupant l'alésage central (60), la bille étant reçue dans ce trou (62);
(c) une gorge annulaire (74) sur la paroi interne du trou central de l'organe de support (50) entraîné en rotation, conçu pour établir une encoche latérale extérieure pour la bille (64) du cliquet en une position intermédiaire entre ses extrémités et intermédiaire entre les extrémités de la trajectoire du trou radial (62) tandis que l'organe de support (38) glisse axialement à l'intérieur de l'organe entraîné (50);
(d) un ressort (66) fixé à l'organe de support (38) pour bloquer celui-ci en rotation et pour charger l'organe (38) vers ladite extrémité munie d'au trou central:
(e) un épaulement (63) formé sur l'organe de support et un épaulement complémentaire formé sur ladite clé (36) pour limiter le mouvement axial de la clé (36) dans l'alésage central quand ladite rainure annulaire extérieure (74) se trouve en face de la bille (64) du cliquet;

ce pourquoi ladite clé (36) est bloquée axialement dans l'organe de support (38) quand la bille (64) est logée dans la rainure périphérique (58) de ladite clé (36) et peut en être dégagée en alignant le trou radial (62) et la rainure annulaire (74) pour que la bille (64) soit libre de se déplacer latéralement vers l'extérieur.
2. L'outil de la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit trou radial (62) présente une lèvre annulaire distale (65) sur sa surface interne pour retenir la bille dans ce trou.
3. L'outil de la revendication 1, dans lequel la clé (36) est munie d'une pluralité de méplats (46) longitudinaux, l'alésage central présentant une section complémentaire.
4. L'outil de la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite clé (36) comprend une chanfrein distal (56).
5. L'outil de la revendication 4, dans lequel ladite gorge distale (58) est disposée à une distance de l'extrémité de ladite clé (36) qui est comprise entre 0,2 et 0,5 fois le diamètre de la bille (64) du cliquet.
6. L'outil de la revendication 1, dans lequel l'organe entraîné (50) est entouré à sa périphérie de dents (52) formées d'une pièce avec lui.
7. L'outil de la revendication 6, dans lequel l'organe de support (38) est bloqué en rotation par un arrêtoir à ressort (66) qui coopère avec lui par son extrémité distale.
8. L'outil de la revendication 1, en combinaison avec un boulon (42) percé d'un logement de clé central (68) pour recevoir la clé (36) et un écrou (34) présentant un collier (44) vissé sur le boulon, et un anneau de serrage opposé (32) reçu dans la douille (30).
9. L'outil de la revendication 8, dans lequel ledit collier (44) est un écrou de serrage frangible comprenant une section affaiblie entre ledit collier (44) et ledit anneau (32).
10. L'outil de la revendication 1, comprenant une pièce d'espacement (75) sur ledit outil, coopérant avec l'organe de support (38) pour limiter son glissement dans ledit trou central de l'organe (50) entraîné en rotation quand le trou radial de l'organe de support (38) est aligné avec ladite rainure annulaire intérieure (74) de l'organe (50) entraîné en rotation pour permettre à ladite bille (64) de sortir de la gorge périphérique (58) de ladite clé (36) en libérant cette clé pour extraction de l'alésage qui le reçoit.
EP85901269A 1985-02-19 1985-02-19 Cle de serrage amelioree Expired EP0213121B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85901269T ATE52212T1 (de) 1985-02-19 1985-02-19 Schraubenschluessel.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1985/000296 WO1986004853A1 (fr) 1985-02-19 1985-02-19 Cle de serrage amelioree

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0213121A1 EP0213121A1 (fr) 1987-03-11
EP0213121A4 EP0213121A4 (fr) 1988-03-23
EP0213121B1 true EP0213121B1 (fr) 1990-04-25

Family

ID=22188590

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85901269A Expired EP0213121B1 (fr) 1985-02-19 1985-02-19 Cle de serrage amelioree

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0213121B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0735027B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE52212T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3577287D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1986004853A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4617844A (en) * 1983-07-18 1986-10-21 Vsi Corporation Removable key for wrenching tool
GB2281948B (en) * 1993-09-15 1996-08-14 Ambrose Dowling A screw-threaded bolt
GB0100393D0 (en) * 2001-01-06 2001-02-14 B & H Nottingham Ltd Improvements relating to shearable fasteners
FR3061056B1 (fr) * 2016-12-28 2019-05-17 Safran Nacelles Embout de vissage pour outil de vissage et outil de vissage comportant un tel embout

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2239072A (en) * 1939-03-02 1941-04-22 Dill Mfg Co Tool
US2726091A (en) * 1953-05-22 1955-12-06 Louis P Topar Tool holder
DE1161817B (de) * 1955-01-17 1964-01-23 Licentia Gmbh Elektrowerkzeug, z.B. Elektroschrauber mit einer Vorrichtung zum Einsetzen, zum Loesen und zum Haltern von Einsteckwerkzeugen
US2762403A (en) * 1955-03-01 1956-09-11 Gardner Denver Co Power operated screw setter
US2776681A (en) * 1955-08-15 1957-01-08 Nat Screw & Mfg Company Power operated tool for use with blind fasteners
US2955496A (en) * 1958-12-15 1960-10-11 Torre Kathryn S La Power-operated, bolt-holding wrench
US3027789A (en) * 1960-03-24 1962-04-03 Hi Shear Rivet Tool Company Portable power-driven gear-actuated offset torquing tool
US3324747A (en) * 1965-04-23 1967-06-13 Sweeney Mfg Co B K Bolt tightening tool
US3428327A (en) * 1966-09-19 1969-02-18 Black & Decker Mfg Co Quick release rotary tool chuck
DE1628079A1 (de) * 1967-01-31 1971-06-09 Licentia Gmbh Zum Schrauben oder Bohren geeignetes Getriebe
US3584527A (en) * 1968-07-29 1971-06-15 Rockwell Mfg Co Tools and attachments therefor
DE2345454A1 (de) * 1973-09-08 1975-03-20 Bosch Gmbh Robert Werkzeugkopf
US4289414A (en) * 1979-12-06 1981-09-15 Recker Florian B Torque transmitting coupling
US4462281A (en) * 1982-10-21 1984-07-31 Russell, Burdsall & Ward Corporation Bolt holding wrench
JPS5997850A (ja) * 1982-11-26 1984-06-05 有限会社　新城製作所 電動回転工具のアタツチメント
US4538483A (en) * 1983-07-18 1985-09-03 V.S.I. Corporation Fastener wrenching means
JPS59187471A (ja) * 1984-03-12 1984-10-24 室金属工業株式会社 電動ねじ回しのビツト保持装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE52212T1 (de) 1990-05-15
JPH0735027B2 (ja) 1995-04-19
EP0213121A4 (fr) 1988-03-23
WO1986004853A1 (fr) 1986-08-28
DE3577287D1 (de) 1990-05-31
EP0213121A1 (fr) 1987-03-11
JPS62501827A (ja) 1987-07-23

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