EP0209339A2 - Induktionsheizgerät und Verfahren - Google Patents

Induktionsheizgerät und Verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0209339A2
EP0209339A2 EP86305379A EP86305379A EP0209339A2 EP 0209339 A2 EP0209339 A2 EP 0209339A2 EP 86305379 A EP86305379 A EP 86305379A EP 86305379 A EP86305379 A EP 86305379A EP 0209339 A2 EP0209339 A2 EP 0209339A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
canister
inductive heating
susceptor
coil
induction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86305379A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0209339A3 (de
Inventor
Eric John Ramm
John Gemmell Padgett
Morton David Melville
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization
Australian Atomic Energy Commission
Original Assignee
Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization
Australian Atomic Energy Commission
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Australian Atomic Energy Commission filed Critical Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization
Publication of EP0209339A2 publication Critical patent/EP0209339A2/de
Publication of EP0209339A3 publication Critical patent/EP0209339A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/28—Treating solids
    • G21F9/34—Disposal of solid waste

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an inductive heating apparatus and process for providing effective heat transfer between the induction coils of an induction furnace and an article or material to be heated thereby.
  • the invention is especially applicable where it is desired to heat a metal canister of generally cylindrical form and including a bellows-like wall structure: in a heated condition, the canister is free-standing and undergoes uniaxial pressing in order to compact the contents of the canister.
  • the present invention will be described in relation to its application to an apparatus and process for immobilising high level radioactive nuclear waste material in a synthetic rock formed by sintering an intimate mixture of such a waste material and a synthetic rock-forming material at a high temperature.
  • Such a process must be conducted in a active cell and not only must the process operate extremely reliably, but furthermore the process needs to have safeguards to permit any failure to be rectified using remote manipulators.
  • the invention is directed to new and useful developments which may be used in such a process or any other similar process for othet materials in which the process requires the application of high temperature to a material.
  • one aspect of the present invention provides an inductive heating process comprising the steps of placing a metal canister (1) within an induction heating coil (10).
  • the metal canister having a cylindrical wall which includes a bellows like structure, characterised by a metallic susceptor (7) of sleeve-like form being located at least partially between the canister (1) to be heated and the induction heating coil (10). and operating the induction heating coil (10) to cause the canister and its contents to be heated.
  • One important embodiment of the invention is one in which the canister contains radioactive nuclear waste and synthetic rock forming materials in particulate form intimately mixed with one another, and wherein the canister is supported in a hydraulic press and, after the canister and its contents have been heated, the hydraulic press is operated over an extended period of time while heating is maintained in order to cause a hot uniaxial pressing of the canister and the formation of synthetic rock with the nuclear waste immobilised therein.
  • Use of the present invention can permit a controlled and substantially even heating effect to be applied to the bellows-like wall structure of the metal canister so that non-uniform undue thermal stressing at various points in the bellows-like wall structure is avoided.
  • Use of this invention permits a relatively thin wall structure to be employed.
  • the susceptor sleeve preferably has sufficient strength to provide a safety shield effect in the event of a bellows rupture and thus may be used to confine the zone of spillage in the event of a failure.
  • the process may be operated such that the susceptor sleeve co operates with a shroud structure whereby, in the event of a bellows failure, any spilt material is contained within the shroud for subsequent clean-up.
  • Such a shroud structure when closed can be substantially gas tight so as to facilitate the provision of a hot gas purge flow through the shroud from an inlet to an outlet, whereby the exhaust gases can be readily filtered to remove any radioactive gases or particles that might otherwise escape.
  • This arrangement can be especially useful where the bellows-like canister is not completely sealed but has a discharge duct to permit gas from the canister to escape during both pre-heating and compression steps.
  • This gas is from the interstices of the particulate material and might also include volatile components from the material within the canister.
  • the canister has a filter structure for preventing the discharge of particulate material with any gas escaping from the canister.
  • an inductive heating apparatus comprising an induction coil (10) and characterised in that it has a metallic susceptor (7) of sleeve like form which extends axially and at least partially within the coil (10) and which is arranged to receive therein a cylindrical canister (4) having a bellows-liKe wall structure and containing particulate matter which is to be heated and compressed, the metal canister (4) being supported in a press, and the susceptor (7) being arranged for heating the canister (4) and its contents by virtue of heat generated in the susceptor sleeve (7) upon operation of the induction coil (10).
  • This aspect of the invention extends to an apparatus comprising a vertical hydraulic press for receiving a metal canister having a cylindrical wall which includes a bellows-like structure, the press being arranged for uniaxial pressing of the metal canister and its particulate contents, and an induction coil surrounding the portion of the press in which the canister is to be located for the compression step, and the apparatus being characterised by a metallic susceptor sleeve arranged within and extending at least partially through the induction coil for substantially shielding the canister from the induction coil and for causing heating of the canister and its contents by virtue of heat generated in the susceptor sleeve upon operation of the induction coil.
  • the induction coil is embedded in a refractory material having a bore therein, the canister to be heated being positioned within a metallic susceptor sleeve located in the bore.
  • the susceptor sleeve is positioned on or adjacent the exposed refractory surface of the bore.
  • the susceptor sleeve is supported on a refactory support, the susceptor sleeve being removable from within the induction coil for replacement should it be necessary to do so.
  • the induction furnace has two or more tappings for the inductive heating coil for progressively reducing or increasing the length of the heating zone.
  • an intimate mixture of high level radioactive waste and synthetic rock forming particles are loaded into a cylindrical canister having a bellows-like wall structure.
  • the canister is completely sealed whereas in the embodiment of Figures 3 to 5, the canister could be sealed but also it may have a gas bleed duct.
  • the requirement is that the bellows--like canister and its contents be brought to a reasonable uniform high temperature (about 1150 C) and then while heating is maintained pressure of up to 21 MPa is applied to cause hot uniaxial pressing. This process causes the contents of the canister to form a synthetic rock safely immobilising the radioactive waste and the canister is compressed without gross radial outward deformation in a reliable manner.
  • a bellows canister 4 mounted in a vertical hydraulic press comprising a fixed upper refractory pressure pad 2 attached to a press frame clement 2' and a lower refractory pressure pad 3 located on top of a water cooled hydraulic ram 5.
  • the ram may be retracted sufficiently below the level of the remainder of the structure to permit loading and unloading of bellows canisters 4 and the ram may be moved upwardly as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the apparatus also includes an induction furnace 1 comprising an induction heating coil 10 embedded within a refractory block 6 of cylindrical form and a metal susceptor sleeve 7 arranged with a clearance in the bore of the block 6.
  • the block 6 is fixed within the press by a mounting structure not shown in the drawings and the coils are connected through electrical tappings to a power supply.
  • the susceptor sleeve 7 extends below the bottom of the refractory block 6 and is supported in its metal support collar 8.
  • the hydraulic ram 5 is loaded with a canister 4 which is moved up to the position shown in Figure 1 for pre-heating.
  • the induction coil is energized through its full length through suitable electrical tappings to provide a substantially uniform heating effect whereby the canister and its contents is brought up to a suitable temperature typically around 1150°C.
  • gas such as an inert gas or gas mixture at a pressure slightly above the pressure prevailing in the active cell. This gas becomes hot within the envelope of the susceptor sleeve 7 and thus tends to act as a blanket filling the zone within the susceptor sleeve and causing a purge flow as indicated by drrows 12 to escape into the active cell during the loading and unloading stages.
  • the apparatus also comprises a lower shroud 13 comprising a cap like member 14 having an outwardly flanged collar 15 for mating with the flanged collar 8 at the lower end of the susceptor sleeve 7.
  • the lower shroud also includes an annular disc 16 fixed to the hydraulic ram 5 below the pressure pad 3 and having a cylindrical depending skirt 17 over which an interior rim 18 of the cap is a sliding fit.
  • the cap 14 is suspended by helical extension springs 19 from the periphery of the disc 16.
  • the drawings also show schematically in dotted line water cooling hoses 20 for the hydraulic ram 5.
  • the bellows canister 4 is adapted to placed by a suitable manipulator 22 onto the head of the ram pressure pad 3.
  • the ram 5 is then raised and. as shown Figure 4.
  • the bellows canister 4 is inserted into the furnace and the flanged collars 15 and 8 approach one another. When these collars contact, a seal is effected and continued upward motion of the ram 5 causes the springs 19 to extend until the top of the bellows canister abuts the top pressure pad 2.
  • high pressure is exerted by ram 5 to compress the bellows canister to the configuration shown in Figure 5 and during this stage imposes maximum extension of the springs 19.
  • the ram 5 is then lowered and the compressed bellows canister 4 can be removed.
  • the synthetic rock which is generally known as SYNROC, is formed by sintering an intimate mixture of high level radioactive nuclear waste material and synthetic rock-forming material which form three titanate minerals, namely, Hollandite BaAl 2 Ti 6 0 16 , Zirconolite CaZrTi 2 O 7 and Perovskite CaTiO 3 , plus rutile titanium oxide Ti0 2 and a small amount of metal alloy.
  • synthetic rock-forming material which form three titanate minerals, namely, Hollandite BaAl 2 Ti 6 0 16 , Zirconolite CaZrTi 2 O 7 and Perovskite CaTiO 3 , plus rutile titanium oxide Ti0 2 and a small amount of metal alloy.
  • any other suitable rock-forming material may be used.
  • the apparatus in this embodiment has the susceptor sleeve 7 formed as a first shroud element which, as shown schematically, is fixed in a substantial gas seal connection with the top frame member 2' and in its upper region the susceptor sleeve has an inlet pipe 11 for admitting a flow of suitable configure the flanged collars 15 and 8 to define an exhaust duct 23 which can be connected to a suitable extraction and gas filtration system.
  • gases including any volatile radioactive gases
  • the susceptor sleeve provides convenient and effective heating of the bellows canister but furthermore the shroud arrangement shown in Figures 3 to 5 can provide enhanced safety and, in the unlikely event of any failure of a bellows canister, there is a surrounding structure which can collect spilt particulate material which is capable of being cleaned up from the confined zone in question and the apparatus can continue to operate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP86305379A 1985-07-16 1986-07-14 Induktionsheizgerät und Verfahren Withdrawn EP0209339A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU150085 1985-07-16
AU1500/85 1985-07-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0209339A2 true EP0209339A2 (de) 1987-01-21
EP0209339A3 EP0209339A3 (de) 1988-06-08

Family

ID=3692020

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86305379A Withdrawn EP0209339A3 (de) 1985-07-16 1986-07-14 Induktionsheizgerät und Verfahren

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0209339A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS6220284A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992007364A1 (en) * 1990-10-18 1992-04-30 Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation Formation of densified material
WO2007067365A3 (en) * 2005-12-07 2007-12-06 Ajax Tocco Magnethermic Corp Method and apparatus for controlling furnace position in response to thermal expansion

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2066418C (en) * 1990-07-18 1996-10-29 Akimichi Tamaoki Smoking article

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1012400B (de) * 1955-10-26 1957-07-18 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Vorrichtung zum induktiven Erhitzen metallischer Werkstuecke
EP0044692A2 (de) * 1980-07-15 1982-01-27 AUSTRALIAN NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION Vorrichtungen zum Einschliessen von Abfällen
EP0102246A1 (de) * 1982-08-30 1984-03-07 AUSTRALIAN NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION Verpackung und Verdichtung eines teilchenförmigen Materials

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1012400B (de) * 1955-10-26 1957-07-18 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Vorrichtung zum induktiven Erhitzen metallischer Werkstuecke
EP0044692A2 (de) * 1980-07-15 1982-01-27 AUSTRALIAN NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION Vorrichtungen zum Einschliessen von Abfällen
EP0102246A1 (de) * 1982-08-30 1984-03-07 AUSTRALIAN NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION Verpackung und Verdichtung eines teilchenförmigen Materials

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992007364A1 (en) * 1990-10-18 1992-04-30 Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation Formation of densified material
GB2264586A (en) * 1990-10-18 1993-09-01 Australian Nuclear Science Tec Formation of densified material
GB2264586B (en) * 1990-10-18 1994-05-18 Australian Nuclear Science Tec Formation of densified material
US5414208A (en) * 1990-10-18 1995-05-09 Australian Nuclear Science & Technology Organisation Formation of densified material
WO2007067365A3 (en) * 2005-12-07 2007-12-06 Ajax Tocco Magnethermic Corp Method and apparatus for controlling furnace position in response to thermal expansion
US7745764B2 (en) 2005-12-07 2010-06-29 Ajax Tocco Magnethermic Corporation Method and apparatus for controlling furnace position in response to thermal expansion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6220284A (ja) 1987-01-28
EP0209339A3 (de) 1988-06-08

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Inventor name: PADGETT, JOHN GEMMELL

Inventor name: RAMM, ERIC JOHN