EP0207314B1 - Matériau composite comportant des filaments courts de carbure de silicium comme matière de renforcement et d'un alliage d'aluminium avec cuivre et magnésium comme matrice métallique - Google Patents

Matériau composite comportant des filaments courts de carbure de silicium comme matière de renforcement et d'un alliage d'aluminium avec cuivre et magnésium comme matrice métallique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0207314B1
EP0207314B1 EP86107542A EP86107542A EP0207314B1 EP 0207314 B1 EP0207314 B1 EP 0207314B1 EP 86107542 A EP86107542 A EP 86107542A EP 86107542 A EP86107542 A EP 86107542A EP 0207314 B1 EP0207314 B1 EP 0207314B1
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Prior art keywords
composite material
bending strength
silicon carbide
matrix metal
magnesium
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German (de)
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EP0207314A1 (fr
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Masahiro C/O Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Kubo
Tadashi Dohnomoto
Atsuo Tanaka
Hidetoshi Hirai
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C47/00—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C47/08—Making alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal, e.g. by infiltrating the fibres or filaments placed in a mould
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
    • C22C49/04—Light metals
    • C22C49/06—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composite material made up from reinforcing fibers embedded in a matrix of metal, and more particularly relates to such a composite material utilizing silicon carbide short fiber materials as the reinforcing fiber material and aluminium alloys as the matrix metal.
  • Wrought type aluminium alloys JIS standard 6061 (0.4 to 0.8% Si, 0.15 to 0.4% Cu, 0.8 to 1.2% Mg, 0.04 to 0.35% Cr, remainder substantially AI)
  • JIS standard 5056 (not more than 0.3% Si, not more than 0.4% Fe, not more than 0.1% Cu, 0.05 to 0.2% Mn, 4.5 to 5.6% Mg, 0.05 to 0.2% Cr, not more than 0.1% Zn, remainder substantially Al)
  • JIS standard 2024 (0.5% Si, 0.5% Fe, 3.8 to 4.9% Cu, 0.3 to 0.9% Mn, 1.2 to 1.8% Mg, not more than 0.1% Cr, not more than 0.25% Zn, not more than 0.15% Ti, remainder substantially Al)
  • JIS standard 7075 (not more than 0.4% Si, not more than 0.5% Fe, 1.2 to 2.0% Cu, not more than 0.3 Mn, 2.1 to 2.9% Mg, 0.18 to 0.28% Cr, 5.1 to 6.1% Zn, 0.2% Ti, remainder substantially Al)
  • EP-A-170396 discloses composite materials which contain 10 to 30% by volume SiC or Si 3 N 4 fibres embedded in a matrix which consists of aluminium, magnesium or an alloy thereof.
  • the matrix is the Alloy AA 2024.
  • Alloy AA 2024 consists of 93.5% Al, 4.4% Cu, 0.6% Mg, and 1.5% Mn.
  • Alloy 7475 is also used as the matrix alloy. Alloy 7475 is an aluminium alloy which includes 2.3% Mg, but does not include Cu.
  • the inventors of the present application have considered the above mentioned problems in composite materials which use such conventional aluminium alloys as matrix metal, and in particular have considered the particular case of a composite material which utilizes silicon carbide short fibers as reinforcing fibers; since such silicon carbide short fibers, of the various reinforcing fibers used conventionally in the manufacture of a fiber reinforced metal composite material, have particularly high strength, and are exceedingly effective in improving the high temperature stability and strength.
  • the present inventors as a result of various experimental research to determine what composition of the aluminium alloy to be used as the matrix metal for such a composite material is optimum, have discovered that an aluminium alloy having a content of copper and magnesium within certain limits, and containing substantially no silicon, nickel, zinc, and so forth is optimal as matrix metal.
  • the present invention is based on the knowledge obtained from the results of the various experimental researches carried out by the inventors of the prersent application, as will be detailed later in this specification.
  • a composite material comprising silicon carbide short fibers embedded in a matrix of metal, the fiber volume proportion of said silicon carbide short fibers being between 5% and 50%, and said metal being an alloy consisting of between 2% to 6% of copper, between 2% to 4% of magnesium not more than 1% of inevitable metallic elements and remainder aluminium; and more preferably the fiber volume proportion of said silicon carbide short fibers may be between 5% and 40%; more preferably the copper content of said alloy may be between 2% and 5.5%; and more preferably the magnesium content of said alloy may be between 2% and 3.5%.
  • silicon carbide short fibers which have high strength, and are exceedingly effective in improving the high temperature stability and strength of the resulting composite material
  • matrix metal there is used an aluminium alloy with a copper content of 2% to 6%, a magnesium content of 2% to 4%, a content of not more than 1% of inevitable metallic elements, and the remainder aluminium, and the volume proportion of the silicon carbide short fibers is from 5% to 50%, whereby, as is clear from the results of experimental research carried out by the inventors of the present application as will be described below, a composite material with superior mechanical characteristics such as strength can be obtained.
  • the volume proportion of silicon carbide short fibers in a composite material according to the present invention may be set to be lower than the value required for such a conventional composite material, and therefore, since it is possible to reduce the amount of silicon carbide short fibers used, the machinability and workability of the composite material can be improved, and it is also possible to reduce the cost of the composite material. Further, the characteristics with regard to wear on a mating member will be improved.
  • the strength of the aluminium alloy matrix metal is increased and thereby the strength of the composite material is improved, but that effect is not sufficient if the copper content is less than 2%, whereas if the copper content is more than 6% the composite material becomes very brittle, and has a tendency to rapidly disintegrate. Therefore the copper content of the aluminium alloy used as matrix metal in the composite material of the present invention is required to be in the range of from 2% to 6%, and preferably is required to be in the range of from 2% to 5.5%.
  • oxides are normally present on the surface of such silicon carbide short fibers used as reinforcing fibers, before they are incorporated into the composite material, and if magnesium, which has a strong tendency to form oxides, is included in the molten matrix metal, then it is considered by the present inventors that the magnesium will react with the oxides on the surface of the silicon carbide short fibers during the process of infiltrating the molten matrix metal into the interstices of the reinforcing silicon carbide short fiber mass, and this magnesium will reduce the surface of the silicon carbide short fibers, as a result of which the affinity of the molten aluminium alloy matrix metal and the silicon carbide short fibers will be improved, and by this means the strength of the composite material will be improved.
  • the magnesium content of the aluminium alloy used as matrix metal in the composite material of the present invention is required to be in the range of from 2% to 4%, and preferably is required to be in the range of from 2% to 3,5%.
  • the wear resistance of the composite material increases with the volume proportion of the silicon carbide short fibers, but when the volume proportion of the silicon carbide short fibers is in the range from zero to 5% said wear resistance increases rapidly with an increase in the volume proportion of the silicon carbide short fibers, whereas when the volume proportion of the silicon carbide short fibers is in the range of at least 5%, the wear resistance of the composite material does not very significantly increase with an increase in the volume proportion of said silicon carbide short fibers. Therefore, according to one characteristic of the present invention, the volume proportion of the silicon carbide short fibers is required to be in the range of from 5% to 50%, and preferably is required to be in the range of from 5% to 40%.
  • the copper content of the aluminium alloy used as matrix metal of the composite material of the present invention has a relatively high value, if there are unevennesses in the concentration of the copper within the aluminium alloy, the portions where the copper concentration is high will be brittle, and it will not therefore be possible to obtain a uniform matrix metal or a composite material of good and uniform quality.
  • such a composite material of which the matrix metal is aluminium alloy of which the copper content is at least 2% and is less than 3.5% is subjected to liquidizing processing for from 2 hours to 8 hours at a temperature of from 480 °C to 520 °C, and is preferably further subjected to aging processing for 2 hours to 8 hours at a temperature of from 150 °C to 200 °C
  • such a composite material of which the matrix metal is aluminium alloy of which the copper content is at least 3.5% and is less than 6.5% is subjected to liquidizing processing for from 2 hours to 8 hours at a temperature of from 460 °C to 510°C, and is preferably further subjected to aging processing for 2 hours to 8 hours at a temperature of from 150 °C to 200°C.
  • the silicon carbide short fibers in the composite material of the present invention may be either silicon carbide whiskers or silicon carbide non continuous fibers, and the silicon carbide non continuous fibers may be silicon carbide continuous fibers cut to a prerdetermined length.
  • the fiber length of the silicon carbide short fibers is preferably from 10 ⁇ m to 5 cm, and particularly is from 50 11m to 2 cm, and the fiber diameter is preferably 0.1 11 m to 25 ⁇ m, and particularly is from 0.1 11m to 20 ⁇ m.
  • the present inventors manufactured by using the high pressure casting method samples of various composite materials, utilizing as reinforcing material silicon carbide whisker material of type 'Tokamax' (this is a trademark) made by Tokai Carbon K.K, which had fiber lengths 50 to 200 ⁇ m and fiber diameters 0.2 to 0.5 ⁇ m, and utilizing as matrix metal AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloys of various compositions. Then the present inventors conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of aluminium alloys designated as A1 through A44 were produced, having as base material aluminium and having various quantities of magnesium and copper mixed therewith, as shown in the appended table 1; this was done by, in each case, introducing an appropriate quantity of substantially pure aluminium metal (purity at least 99%) and an appropriate quantity of substantially pure magnesium metal (purity at least 99%) into an alloy of 50% aluminium and 50% copper.
  • an appropriate number of silicon carbide whisker material preforms were made by, in each case, subjecting a quantity of the above specified silicon carbide whisker material to compression forming without using any binder. Each of these silicon carbide whisker material preforms was, as schematically illustrated in perspective view in fig.
  • an exemplary such preform is designated by the reference numeral 2 and the silicon carbide whiskers therein are generally designated as 1, 38x100x16 mm in dimensions, and the individual silicon carbide whiskers 1 in said preform 2 were oriented substantially randomly in three dimensions. And the fiber volume proportion in each of said preforms 2 was 30%.
  • each of these silicon carbide whisker material preforms 2 was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminium alloys A1 through A44 described above, in the following manner.
  • the preform 2 was heated up to a temperature of 600 °C, and then said preform 2 was placed within a mold cavity 4 of a casting mold 3, which itself had previously been preheated up to a temperature of 250 °C.
  • a pressure plunger 6, which itself had previously been preheated up to a temperature of 200 °C, which closely cooperated with the upper portion of said mold cavity 4 was inserted into said upper mold cavity portion, and was pressed downwards by a means not shown in the figure so as to pressurize said to a pressure of 9,81 kN / cm 2.
  • the molten aluminium alloy was caused to percolate into the interstices of the silicon carbide whisker material preform 2.
  • the results of these bending strength tests were as shown in the appended table 2, and as summarized in the graphs of fig. 3 and fig. 4.
  • the numerical values in table 2 indicate the bending strengths (in Nfmm 2 ) of the composite material bending strength test pieces having as matrix metals aluminium alloys having percentage contents of copper and magnesium as shown along the upper edge and down the left edge of the table, respectively.
  • the graphs of fig. 3 are based upon the data in table 2, and show the relation between copper content and the bending strength (in N/mm 2 1 of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of magnesium fixed along the various lines thereof; and the graphs of fig.
  • the bending strength values are generally very much higher than the typical bending strength of approximately 588,4 N/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminium alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using similar silicon carbide short fiber material as reinforcing material; and in particular it will be appreciated that the bending strength of such a composite material whose matrix metal aluminium alloy has a copper content of from 2% to 6% and a magnesium content of from 2% to 4% is between 1.4 and 1.6 times as great as that of such an abovementioned conventional composite material.
  • the copper content of said Al-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from 2% to 6%, and particularly should be in the range of from 2% to 5.5%; and it is preferable that the magnesium content of said AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from 2% to 4%, and particularly should be in the range of from 2% to 3.5%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, again utilizing as reinforcing material the same silicon carbide whisker material, and utilizing as matrix metal various other AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloys, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only 10%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of aluminium alloys designated as B1 through B39 were produced in the same manner as before, again having as base material aluminium and having various quantities of magnesium and copper mixed therewith, as shown in the appended table 3.
  • an appropriate number of silicon carbide whisker material preforms were as before made by, in each case, subjecting a quantity of the previously utilized type of silicon carbide whisker material to compression forming without using any binder, each of said silicon carbide whisker material preforms 2 now having a fiber volume proportion of 10%, by contrast to the first set of preferred embodiments described above.
  • These preforms 2 had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms 2 of the first set of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these silicon carbide whisker material preforms 2 was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminium alloys B1 through B39 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminium alloy mass with the preform 2 included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminium alloy mass was machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had silicon carbide fiber whisker material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminium alloys B1 through B39 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of silicon carbide fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now 10%.
  • post processing steps were performed on the composite material samples, substantially as before.
  • the results of these bending strength tests were as shown in the appended table 4, and as summarized in the graphs of fig. 5 and fig. 6.
  • the numerical values in table 4 indicate the bending strengths (in N/mm 2 ) of the composite material bending strength test pieces having as matrix metals aluminium alloys having percentage contents of copper and magnesium as shown along the upper edge and down the left edge of the table, respectively.
  • the graphs of fig. 5 are based upon the data in table 4, and show the relation between copper content and the bending strength (in N/mm 2 ) of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of magnesium fixed along the various lines thereof; and the graphs of fig.
  • the bending strength values are generally very much higher than the typical bending strength of approximately 431,5 N/mm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminium alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using similar silicon carbide short fiber material as reinforcing material; and in particular it will be appreciated that the bending strength of such a composite material whose matrix metal aluminium alloy has a copper content of from m 2% to 6% and a magnesium content of from 2% to 4% is approximately between 1.3 and 1.5 times as great as that of such an abovementioned conventional composite material.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing silicon carbide fibers is 10% as in the previous case when said volume proportion was 30%
  • the copper content of said AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from 2% to 6%, and particularly should be in the range of from 2% to 5.5%
  • the magnesium content of said Al-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from 2% to 4%, and particularly should be in the range of from 2% to 3.5%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, again utilizing as reinforcing material the same silicon carbide whisker material, and utilizing as matrix metal various AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloys, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of only 5%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • silicon carbide whisker material preforms were made as before by, in each case, subjecting a quantity of the previously utilized type of silicon carbide whisker material to compression forming without using any binder, each of said silicon carbide whisker material preforms 2 now having a fiber volume proportion of 5%, by contrast to the first and second sets of preferred embodiments described above; these preforms 2 had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms 2 of the first and second sets of preferred embodiments.
  • each of these silicon carbide whisker material preforms 2 was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminium alloys described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before, and, after machining away the peripheral portions of the resulting solidified aluminium alloy masses, sample pieces of composite material which had silicon carbide fiber whisker material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the above described aluminium alloys as matrix metal were obtained. And the volume proportion of silicon carbide fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now 5%.
  • the numerical values in table 5 indicate the bending strengths (in N/mm 2 ) of the composite material bending strength test pieces having as matrix metals aluminium alloys having percentage contents of copper and magnesium as shown along the upper edge and down the left edge of the table, respectively.
  • the graphs of fig. 7 are based upon the data in table 5, and show the relation between copper content and the bending strength (in N/mm 2 ) of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of magnesium fixed along the various lines thereof; and the graphs of fig. 8 are also based upon the data in table 5, and similarly but contrariwise show the relation between magnesium content and the bending strength (in N/mm 2 ) of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of copper fixed along the various lines thereof.
  • the values for magnesium content and for copper content are shown with their second decimal places rounded by rounding .04 downwards to .0 and .05 upwards to .1.
  • the bending strength values are generally very much higher than the typical bending strength of approximately 382,5 N/mm attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminium alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using similar silicon carbide short fiber material as reinforcing material; and in particular it will be appreciated that the bending strength of such a composite material whose matrix metal aluminium alloy has a copper content of from 2% to 6% and a magnesium content of from 2% to 4% is between 1.4 and 1.6 times as great as that of such an abovementioned conventional composite material.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing silicon carbide fibers is 5% as in the previous case when said volume proportion was 30% or 20%
  • the copper content of said AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from 2% to 6%, and particularly should be in the range of from 2% to 5.5%
  • the magnesium content of said AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from 2% to 4%, and particularly should be in the range of from 2% to 3.5%.
  • a different type of reinforcing fiber was chosen.
  • the present inventors manufactured by using the high pressure casting method samples of various composite materials, utilizing as reinforcing material silicon carbide whisker material of type «Nikaron» (this is a trademark) made by Nihon Carbon K.K., which was a continuous fiber material with fiber diameters 10 to 15 microns and was cut at intervals of 5mm to produce a silicon carbide short fiber material, and utilizing as matrix metal AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloys of various compositions. Then the present inventors conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • a set of aluminium alloys designated as B1 through B39 were produced in the same manner as in the second set of preferred embodiments described above, and thus the previously described table 3 is applicable to this fourth set of preferred embodiments also.
  • an appropriate number of silicon carbide whisker material preforms were now made by, in each case, first adding polyvinyl alcohol to function as an organic binder to a quantity of the above described type of silicon carbide whisker material, then applying compression forming to the resulting fiber mass, and then drying the compressed form in the atmosphere at a temperature of 600 °C for 1 hour so as to evaporate the polyvinyl alcohol organic binder.
  • Each of the resulting silicon carbide whisker material preforms 2 now had a silicon carbide short fiber volume proportion of 15%, by contrast to the first through the third sets of preferred embodiments described above.
  • These preforms 2 had the same dimensions of 38x100x16 mm as the preforms 2 of the first through the third sets of preferred embodiments described above, and in this case the silicon carbide short fibers incorporated therein were oriented substantially randomly in planes parallel to their 38 mm x 100 mm faces, and had randomly overlapping orientation in the thickness direction orthogonal to these planes.
  • each of these silicon carbide whisker material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminium alloys B1 through B39 described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminium alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminium alloy was machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had silicon carbide fiber whisker material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the aluminium alloys B1 through B39 as matrix metal.
  • the volume proportion of silicon carbide fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now 15%.
  • post processing steps of liquidizing processing and artificial aging processing were performed on the composite material samples, substantially as before.
  • the results of these bending strength tests were as shown in the appended table 6, and as summarized in the graphs of fig. 9 and fig. 10.
  • the numerical values in table 6 indicate the bending strengths (in N/mm 2 ) of the composite material bending strength test pieces having as matrix metals aluminium alloys having percentage contents of copper and magnesium as shown along the upper edge and down the left edge of the table, respectively.
  • the graphs of fig. 9 are based upon the data in table 6, and show the relation between copper content and the bending strength (in N/mm 2 ) of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of magnesium fixed along the various lines thereof; and the graphs of fig.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, again utilizing as reinforcing material the same silicon carbide whisker material as in the fourth set of preferred embodiments described above, and utilizing as matrix metal various AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloys, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of 20%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • silicon carbide whisker material preforms were made as before by, in each case, subjecting a quantity of the type of silicon carbide whisker material utilized in the fourth set of preferred embodiments to compression forming as described above, each of said silicon carbide whisker material preforms 2 now having a fiber volume proportion of 20%, by contrast to the fourth set of preferred embodiments described above; these preforms 2 had substantially the same dimensions as the preforms 2 of the fourth set of preferred embodiments, and the same type of fiber orientation.
  • each of these silicon carbide whisker material preforms 2 was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminium alloys described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before, and, after machining away the peripheral portions of the resulting solidified aluminium alloy masses, sample pieces of composite material which had silicon carbide fiber whisker material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the above described aluminium alloys as matrix metal were obtained. And the volume proportion of silicon carbide fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now 20%.
  • the numerical values in table 7 indicate the bending strengths (in N/mm 2 ) of the composite material bending strength test pieces having as matrix metals aluminium alloys having percentage contents of copper and magnesium as shown along the upper edge and down the left edge of the table, respectively.
  • the graphs of fig. 11 are based upon the data in table 7, and show the relation between copper content and the bending strength (in N/mm 2 ) of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of magnesium fixed along the various lines thereof; and the graphs of fig. 12 are also based upon the data in table 7, and similarly but contrariwise show the relation between magnesium content and the bending strength (in N/mm 2 ) of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of copper fixed along the various lines thereof.
  • the bending strength values in table 7 are generally very much higher than the typical bending strength of approximately 500 Nlmm 2 attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminium alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using similar silicon carbide short fiber material as reinforcing material; and in particular it will be appreciated that the bending strength of such a composite material whose matrix metal aluminium alloy has a copper content of from 2% to 6% and a magnesium content of from 2% to 4% is between 1.2 and 1.5 times as great as that of such an abovementioned conventional composite material.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing silicon carbide fibers is 20% as in the previous cases, in order to increase the strength of such a composite material having such silicon carbide whisker reinforcing fiber material and having as matrix metal an AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy, it is again preferable that the copper content of said AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from 2% to 6%, and particularly should be in the range of from 2% to 5.5%; and it is preferable that the magnesium content of said AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy matrix should be in the range of from 2% to 4%, and particularly should be in the range of from 2% to 3.5%.
  • the present inventors manufactured further samples of various composite materials, again utilizing as reinforcing material the same silicon carbide whisker material as in the fourth set of preferred embodiments described above, and utilizing as matrix metal various AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloys, but this time employing a fiber volume proportion of 40%. Then the present inventors again conducted evaluations of the bending strength of the various resulting composite material sample pieces.
  • silicon carbide whisker material preforms were made as before by, in each case, subjecting a quantity of the same type of silicon carbide whisker material as utilized in the fourth set of preferred embodiments to compression forming as described with regard to said fourth set of preferred embodiments, each of said silicon carbide whisker material preforms 2 now having a fiber volume proportion of 40% by contrast to said fourth set of preferred embodiments; these preforms 2 had substantially the same dimensioins as the preforms 2 of the fourth set of preferred embodiments, and the same type of fiber orientation.
  • each of these silicon carbide whisker material preforms 2 was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminium alloys described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before, and, after maching away the peripheral portions of the resulting solidified aluminium alloy masses, sample pieces of composite material which had silicon carbide fiber whisker material as reinforcing material and the appropriate one of the above described aluminium alloys as matrix metal were obtained. And the volume proportion of silicon carbide fibers in each of the resulting composite material sample pieces was thus now 40%.
  • the numerical values in table 8 indicate the bending strengths (in N/mm 2 ) of the composite material bending strength test pieces having as matrix metals aluminium alloys having percentage contents of copper and magnesium as shown along the upper edge and down the left edge of the table, respectively.
  • the graphs of fig. 13 are based upon the data in table 8, and show the relation between copper content and the bending strength (in N/mm 2 ) of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of magnesium fixed along the various lines thereof; and the graphs of fig. 14 are also based upon the data in table 8, and similarly but contrariwise show the relation between magnesium content and the bending strength (in N/mm 2 ) of certain of the composite material test pieces, for percentage contents of copper fixed along the various lines thereof.
  • fig. 13, and fig. 14 as before, the values for magnesium content and for copper content are shown with their second decimal places rounded by rounding .04 downwards to .0 and .05 upwards to .1.
  • the bending strength values in table 8 are generally very much higher than the typical bending strength of approximately 735,5 N/mm attained in the conventional art for a composite material using as matrix metal a conventionally so utilized aluminium alloy of JIS standard AC4C and using similar silicon carbide short fiber material as reinforcing material; and in particular it will be appreciated that the bending strength of such a composite material whose matrix metal aluminium alloys has a copper content of from 2% to 6% and a magnesium content of from 2% to 4% is between 1.3 and 1.5 times as great as that of such an abovementioned conventional composite material.
  • the volume proportion of the reinforcing silicon carbide fibers is 40% as in the previous cases, in order to increase the strength of such a composite material having such silicon carbide whisker reinforcing fiber material and having as matrix metal an AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy, it is again preferable that the copper content of said AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from 2% to 6%, and particularly should be in the range of from 2% to 5.5%; and it is preferable that the magnesium content of said AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy matrix metal should be in the range of from 2% to 4%, and particularly should be in the range of from 2% to 3.5%.
  • the copper content of the AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy matrix metal is in the range of from 2% to 6%, and particularly to be in the range of from 2% to 5.5%
  • the magnesium content of said AI-Cu-Mg type aluminium alloy matrix metal is in the range of from 2% to 4%, and particularly to be in the range of from 2% to 3.5%
  • an appropriate number of silicon carbide whisker material preforms were as before made by, in each case, subjecting a quantity of the type of silicon carbide whisker material utilized in the case of the first set of preferred embodiments described above to compression forming without using any binder, the various ones of said silicon carbide whisker material preforms having fiber volume proportions of 0%, 5%, 10%, 25%, 30%, 40%, and 50%. These preforms had substantially the same dimensions and the same type of three dimensional random fiber orientation as the preforms of the first set of preferred embodiments. And, substantially as before, each of these silicon carbide whisker material preforms was subjected to high pressure casting together with an appropriate quantity of one of the aluminium alloy matrix metal described above, utilizing operational parameters substantially as before.
  • the solidified aluminium alloy mass with the preform included therein was then removed from the casting mold, and as before the peripheral portion of said solidified aluminium alloy mass was machined away, leaving only a sample piece of composite material which had silicon carbide fiber whisker material as reinforcing material in the appropriate fiber volume proportion and the described aluminium alloy as matrix metal.
  • post processing steps were performed on the composite material samples, similarly to what was done before: the composite material samples were subjected to liquidizing processing at a temperature of 500 °C for 8 hours, and then were subjected to artificial aging processing at a temperature of 160 °C for 8 hours.
  • the fiber volume proportion of the silicon carbide short fiber reinforcing material should be in the range of from 5% to 50%, and more preferably should be in the range of from 5% to 40%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Matériau composite, comprenant des fibres courtes de carbure de silicium incorporées dans une matrice métallique, la proportion en volume desdites fibres courtes de carbure de silicium étant comprise entre 5 et 50%, et ledit métal étant un alliage constitué du 2 à 6% de cuivre, de 2 à 4% de magnésium, et comportant moins de 1% d'aluminium résiduel et d'éléments métalliques inévitables.
2. Matériau composite selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la proportion en volume desdites fibres courtes de carbure de silicium est comprise entre 5% et 40%.
3. Matériau composite selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le teneur en cuivre dudit alliage est comprise entre 2% et 5,5%.
4. Matériau composite selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel la teneur en magnésium dudit alliage est comprise entre 2% et 3,5%.
EP86107542A 1985-06-04 1986-06-03 Matériau composite comportant des filaments courts de carbure de silicium comme matière de renforcement et d'un alliage d'aluminium avec cuivre et magnésium comme matrice métallique Expired EP0207314B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1207/86 1985-06-04
JP12078685A JPS61279645A (ja) 1985-06-04 1985-06-04 炭化ケイ素短繊維強化アルミニウム合金

Publications (2)

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EP0207314A1 EP0207314A1 (fr) 1987-01-07
EP0207314B1 true EP0207314B1 (fr) 1989-09-06

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EP86107542A Expired EP0207314B1 (fr) 1985-06-04 1986-06-03 Matériau composite comportant des filaments courts de carbure de silicium comme matière de renforcement et d'un alliage d'aluminium avec cuivre et magnésium comme matrice métallique

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EP (1) EP0207314B1 (fr)
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DE (1) DE3665486D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3700651A1 (de) * 1987-01-12 1988-07-21 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Zylinderkopf fuer luftgekuehlte brennkraftmaschinen
US5106702A (en) * 1988-08-04 1992-04-21 Advanced Composite Materials Corporation Reinforced aluminum matrix composite
IL95930A0 (en) * 1989-10-30 1991-07-18 Lanxide Technology Co Ltd Anti-ballistic materials and methods of making the same
US5259436A (en) * 1991-04-08 1993-11-09 Aluminum Company Of America Fabrication of metal matrix composites by vacuum die casting
AT408153B (de) * 1998-09-02 2001-09-25 Electrovac Metall-matrix-composite- (mmc-) bauteil
CN111321329A (zh) * 2020-04-14 2020-06-23 西安融烯科技新材料有限公司 一种低热膨胀率铝合金复合材料的制备方法及其应用

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0170396A1 (fr) * 1984-06-25 1986-02-05 Mitsubishi Aluminium Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de fabrication de métaux composites renforcés par de courtes fibres inorganiques

Family Cites Families (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3606667A (en) * 1968-09-27 1971-09-21 United Aircraft Corp Method of fabricating fiber-reinforced articles

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0170396A1 (fr) * 1984-06-25 1986-02-05 Mitsubishi Aluminium Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de fabrication de métaux composites renforcés par de courtes fibres inorganiques

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Metals Handbook, 9th ed., vol. 2 (1979), p. 45 *

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DE3665486D1 (en) 1989-10-12
JPS61279645A (ja) 1986-12-10
EP0207314A1 (fr) 1987-01-07

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