EP0206908B1 - Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer für Abblendlicht - Google Patents

Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer für Abblendlicht Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0206908B1
EP0206908B1 EP86401279A EP86401279A EP0206908B1 EP 0206908 B1 EP0206908 B1 EP 0206908B1 EP 86401279 A EP86401279 A EP 86401279A EP 86401279 A EP86401279 A EP 86401279A EP 0206908 B1 EP0206908 B1 EP 0206908B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
screen
reflector
light source
light
cut
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86401279A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0206908A1 (de
Inventor
François Bailly
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Vision SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Vision SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Vision SAS filed Critical Valeo Vision SAS
Publication of EP0206908A1 publication Critical patent/EP0206908A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0206908B1 publication Critical patent/EP0206908B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/68—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on screens
    • F21S41/683—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on screens by moving screens
    • F21S41/686—Blades, i.e. screens moving in a vertical plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/36—Combinations of two or more separate reflectors
    • F21S41/365—Combinations of two or more separate reflectors successively reflecting the light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/63—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates
    • F21S41/64—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates by changing their light transmissivity, e.g. by liquid crystal or electrochromic devices
    • F21S41/645—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on refractors, filters or transparent cover plates by changing their light transmissivity, e.g. by liquid crystal or electrochromic devices by electro-optic means, e.g. liquid crystal or electrochromic devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to automobile headlights, headlights capable of emitting either a long-range light beam, for example a driving beam, or a cut beam, for example a passing beam.
  • the headlamps / dipped headlights comprise a parabolic reflector and a double light source constituted by two tungsten filaments.
  • one of the filaments cooperates with the entire reflector.
  • a blackout screen or a blackout cup cuts off the light rays emitted by the second filament and arriving on the reflector, which returns them in the form of a cut low beam.
  • the transition from the crossing lighting state to the road lighting state takes place by switching the electrical supply of the filaments.
  • the present invention generally proposes to produce a beam cut projector eliminating the drawbacks of previous projectors, and making it possible to reach, by static means, insensitive to vibrations, extremely rapid beam variations, under the action of a command. electric. Consequently, the invention allows a particularly advantageous implementation of the aforementioned new light sources.
  • the subject of the invention is an automobile headlamp of the type comprising at least one reflector cooperating with a single light source, a screen comprising liquid crystals with variable transparency, interposed on the path of the light rays, characterized in that the screen comprises at least one occultation zone to which the liquid crystals confer either a state of transparency or a state of non-transparency, and in that this zone comprises a limit which defines a cut-off limit for the light beam emitted by the projector.
  • the switching of the liquid crystal zone is preferably obtained by a variation in electrical voltage, this zone being produced in the manner known per se for producing passive screens in the field of digital display.
  • the screen has a single occultation zone made of liquid crystals. It consists, in a preferred example, of two transparent glass slides between which are arranged nematic liquid crystals in a helix in correspondence with the occultation zone. On the outside of the glass slides, two crossed light polarizers are arranged. Inside each blade, on the crystal side, are arranged ultra-thin transparent metallic layers or bands forming electrodes. As is well known to the specialist in liquid crystals, the application or non-application of an electrical voltage to the electrodes results in a variation in torsion of the liquid crystals, so that the assembly may or may not be crossed by the light.
  • the transmission factor of such a system is not 100% but it remains sufficient for automotive lighting, especially when using light sources such as gas discharge lamps or arc lamps.
  • a modulation of the limit of the occultation zone constituting the beam cut-off limit. For example, by using a plurality of electrodes in juxtaposed horizontal bands, it is possible to adjust the height of the occultation zone, depending on the electrodes finally excited on each of the two aforementioned plates.
  • the field of beam cut projectors using very bright sources and high light fluxes is very specific; in such projectors, significant heating is inevitable.
  • the tests conducted by the Applicant have shown the "feasibility" of the new projectors according to the invention.
  • the screens according to the invention can be placed judiciously in the projector by moving it away from the light source.
  • the liquid crystal screen merges with the exit lens of the projector.
  • the glass plates of the screen are oversized; especially in thickness (compared to usual screens), to increase its heat dissipation capacities.
  • the projector of this first embodiment comprises an elliptical reflector 10, a light source 11 disposed in the vicinity of its internal focus 12, the light rays emitted by the source returned by the elliptical reflector 10 converging in the vicinity of the external focus 13.
  • the converging-diverging reflected rays are taken up by a lens 14 to finally constitute a useful emitted beam.
  • a liquid crystal screen 15 of the aforementioned type is defined in the vicinity of the external focal point 13 of the elliptical reflector 10 defining a concealment zone Z defined between two glass plates comprising liquid crystals.
  • the screen 15 comprises two parallel glass blades assembled in leaktight manner and between which are arranged "nematic helical" liquid crystals.
  • Figure 2a shows such a glass slide 15a.
  • electrodes 15b are arranged in very thin transparent layers (indium or tin oxide).
  • the configuration of the electrode layer located in front is given the configuration corresponding to the concealment of zone Z.
  • the electrodes are arranged in strips 15c. Between the plates a few tens of microns apart, the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a quarter helix (twisted structure).
  • crossed polarizers 15d On the two outer faces of the glass plates are arranged crossed polarizers 15d.
  • the light polarized by the first polarizer of the first glass plate undergoes a rotation of 90 ° between the two plates due to the helical configuration of the liquid crystals and leaves at the rear polarized perpendicularly to its direction of entry, the second polarizer of the second plate letting it exit. There is transparency.
  • zone Z is provided with a limit corresponding simply to the requirements of the passing light (concealment of zone 17 on a protective screen 18).
  • the light rays are or are not obscured by the screen 15.
  • the headlamp can emit either a driving beam or a passing beam.
  • the input electrodes can be arranged in parallel horizontal bands such as 15c which can be variably excited.
  • the height, and more generally the configuration of the cut-off zone Z can be adjusted by varying the cut-off limit.
  • completely transparent and always transparent zones can be provided between electrodes 15c, if one wishes to have light above the cut-off.
  • the projector of this second embodiment comprises a main parabolic reflector 20 having a focus 21 on its optical axis constituting the optical axis 22 of the protector.
  • a light source 23, constituted for example by a filament or an electric arc, is situated slightly in front of the hearth 21, its rear part coinciding with this hearth. As can be seen in the figure, the rays emitted by the light source and returned by the reflector are therefore slightly convergent.
  • a closing glass 24 provided with beam distribution streaks, in a manner known per se.
  • a liquid crystal screen 25 Between the reflector and the glass is disposed a liquid crystal screen 25 according to the invention having a structure similar to that which has just been described, with two electrical control terminals 25e.
  • the light rays such as ⁇ , which pass above the horizontal, freely cross the screen and come to refract in the glass 24 thus ensuring a beam complementary to that created by rays such as a which, them, always freely cross the upper part of the glass 24.
  • the headlamp when no voltage is applied to the terminals 25e, the headlamp emits a beam corresponding to all of the rays reflected by the reflector and refracted by all of the glass 24. A beam of beam is thus obtained.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 thus shows, in a very simple optical configuration, the intervention of a liquid crystal screen 25 according to the invention to achieve, depending on the state of excitation of the screen, two regimes of illumination. It will be noted that it is a static electrically controlled system using only one light source, which obviously makes it much superior both to the systems of the prior art using mobile screens and to the systems using two light sources, and in any case much less expensive than systems using two discharge sources.
  • the projector of Figures 5 and 6 comprises two substantially elliptical reflectors 30a, 30b, arranged symmetrically with respect to a central vertical plane. These two reflectors 30a, 30b have a common internal focal point 31 and each an external focal point (32a, 32b), the two external focal points (32a, 32b) of the two elliptical reflectors also being symmetrical with respect to a central plane.
  • the light source 33 which can for example be a tungsten filament, an electric arc, a discharge lamp, is arranged at the common focus 31 of the two reflectors (30a, 30b), so that, as shown, the rays coming from the light source and returned to the left and right by the two elliptical reflectors come to converge on the focal points (32a, 32b).
  • an opaque screen of the conventional type 35 which obscures the rising rays and here gives a beam cut horizontally of the passing beam type obtained by reflection on the reflectors 30b and 34b giving an illumination of the type represented on the Figure 7 (the opaque screen 35 is shown from the front fig. 6b).
  • the associated reflectors 30a and 34a do not have a cut-off device. They therefore give a complete beam illuminating the entire perspective of the road and which therefore overlap the lower part of the beam given by the reflectors 30b and 34b, as seen in FIG. 8.
  • a screen 36 containing liquid crystals constituted as indicated above When this screen 36 is not subjected to an activation voltage of the crystals at its terminals 36e, the rays such as Ra pass freely through said screen and the whole of the road perspective is illuminated as in FIG. 8. route function. When an electrical voltage is applied to the screen 36, it becomes opaque and obscures the rays Ra. Only the rays Rb emitted by the subassembly (30b, 34b), that is to say rays of crossing light are emitted (Fig. 7).
  • the sub-assembly (30a, 34a) can be equipped with a permanent screen to conceal the rays of the crossing type permanently since the other sub-assembly (30b, 34b) always emits enough of them.
  • a projector comprising a parabolic upper half-reflector 40 of focus 41.
  • the light source 42 constituted by an axial filament is slightly in front of this focus 41.
  • This half -reflector 40 gives descending rays such as ⁇ o . and gives on a screen (FIG. 12) a projection 43, the upper part of which is substantially horizontal, therefore not dazzling.
  • the upper half-reflector 40 is associated with a lower parabolic half-reflector 50 whose focal point 51 is located in the middle of the source 42.
  • This lower half-reflector therefore gives a beam of rays such as a o whose projection on a screen ( figure 12) gives an image such as 53.
  • this fourth embodiment represents the transposition, in a system of liquid crystal screens of the system with movable shutters described in French patent FR-A-1 296 036 given here as for reference and further information. This reference also makes it possible to understand all the advantages of the static electrically controlled system according to the invention which has the advantage of being faster, more reliable and insensitive to vibrations.
  • the invention applies to any switchable beam cut projector. It is possible, for example, to produce a dipped headlight whose illumination changes from "right-hand traffic” to "left-hand traffic” mode.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Ein Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer von der Art, die wenigstens einen Reflektor (10; 20; 30a. 30b - 34a; 40 - 50) enthält, der mit einer einzigen Lichtquelle (11; 23; 33; 42) zusammenwirkt, wobei eine Scheibe (15; 25; 36; 45) Flüssigkristalle mit veränderlicher Transparenz besitzt und auf dem Weg der Lichtstrahlen eingesetzt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Scheibe wenigstens eine Abdunklungszone (Z) besitzt, die durch die Flüssigkristalle entweder in einen transparenten Zustand oder einen nichttransparenten Zustand versetzt werden kann, und daß diese Zone (Z) eine Grenze aufweist, die eine Abblendgrenze für das vom Scheinwerfer ausgehende Lichtbündel definiert.
2. Ein Scheinwerfer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abblendscheibe (15; 25; 36; 45) von der Art ist, die von außen nach innen verlaufend zwei Polarisatoren, zwei Glasplatten, zwei transparente Dünnschichtelektroden, von denen eine wenigstens eine Fläche aufweist, die die Konfiguration der Abdunklungszone begrenzt, und eine zentrale Einfüllmöglichkeit für die Flüssigkristalle in Schneckenform enthält.
3. Ein Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, gekennzeichnet durch eine Aufteilung der Elektrode und der Abdunklungszone (Z) der Scheibe (15) in horizontale Streifen (15c).
4. Ein Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet durch einen Parabolreflektor (20), der mit einer Lichtquelle (11) kurz vor dem Brennpunkt zusammenwirkt, und eine Abblendscheibe (25), die auf dem Weg der vom Reflektor (20) zurückgeworfenen Strahlen eingesetzt ist.
5. Ein Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet durch einen elliptischen Reflektor (10) mit einer Lichtquelle (11) in Nähe des Innenbrennpunkts (12) und einer Flüssigkristallscheibe (15) in Nähe des Außenbrennpunkts (13).
6. Ein Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet durch eine einzige Lichtquelle (33), die mit zwei elliptischen Reflektoreinheiten (30a, 30b) in Verbindung mit zwei Parabolreflektoren (34a, 34b) zusammenwirkt, wobei eine der Einheiten (30b, 34b) ein Mittel (35) zur Abblendung und die andere (30a, 34a) eine Flüssigkristallscheibe (36) aufweist, die am Lichtaustrittsfenster angeordnet ist.
7. Ein Scheinwerfer nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er eine Lichtquelle (42) aufweist, die mit wenigstens einem Reflektor (40, 50) und wenigstens einer Flüssigkristallscheibe (45) zusammenwirkt, die zwischen Lichtquelle und Reflektor eingesetzt ist.
EP86401279A 1985-06-14 1986-06-12 Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer für Abblendlicht Expired EP0206908B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8509052A FR2583499B1 (fr) 1985-06-14 1985-06-14 Projecteur de vehicule automobile a variation de faisceau
FR8509052 1985-06-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0206908A1 EP0206908A1 (de) 1986-12-30
EP0206908B1 true EP0206908B1 (de) 1989-11-15

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Family Applications (1)

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EP86401279A Expired EP0206908B1 (de) 1985-06-14 1986-06-12 Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer für Abblendlicht

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EP (1) EP0206908B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3666972D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2583499B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103867982A (zh) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-18 黑拉许克联合股份有限公司 用于汽车的前照灯的光模块

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4002576C5 (de) * 1990-01-30 2005-06-02 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Scheinwerfer mit Abblend- und Fernlicht für Kraftfahrzeuge
IT1247780B (it) * 1990-11-16 1994-12-30 Carello Spa Proiettore ellittico a due luci per veicoli
JP3256937B2 (ja) * 1999-03-25 2002-02-18 スタンレー電気株式会社 縦型ヘッドランプ
JP2001312905A (ja) * 2000-04-26 2001-11-09 Stanley Electric Co Ltd 車両用前照灯
JP2001351408A (ja) * 2000-06-02 2001-12-21 Stanley Electric Co Ltd 車両用照明灯具
ITTO20010462A1 (it) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-18 Fiat Ricerche Dispositivo di illuminazione, particolarmente fanale per autoveicoli.
DE102004043706B4 (de) * 2004-09-09 2010-04-01 Oec Ag Optisches System für einen Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer, Beleuchtungseinheit für einen Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer und Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer
US20090279316A1 (en) * 2006-04-21 2009-11-12 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Lamp unit for an adaptive front lighting system for a vehicle
JP5448615B2 (ja) * 2009-07-14 2014-03-19 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用前照灯
DE102014113700A1 (de) * 2014-09-23 2016-03-24 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Scheinwerfer für Fahrzeuge
US10168013B1 (en) * 2018-04-30 2019-01-01 Tan De Tech Co., Ltd. Light module of laser headlamp with light circulation effect

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2004831A (en) * 1934-10-13 1935-06-11 Rice Clifford Mercer Automobile headlight
DE2209338A1 (de) * 1972-02-28 1973-09-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Beleuchtungssystem fuer kraftfahrzeuge
DE2244584A1 (de) * 1972-09-12 1974-03-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer
GB1451066A (en) * 1973-02-14 1976-09-29 Ass Eng Ltd Lighting units
DE2735195C2 (de) * 1977-08-04 1982-05-06 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Blendfreier Rückspiegel

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103867982A (zh) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-18 黑拉许克联合股份有限公司 用于汽车的前照灯的光模块

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3666972D1 (en) 1989-12-21
EP0206908A1 (de) 1986-12-30
FR2583499B1 (fr) 1989-10-27
FR2583499A1 (fr) 1986-12-19

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