EP0206883B1 - Moulded case circuit breaker - Google Patents

Moulded case circuit breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0206883B1
EP0206883B1 EP86401191A EP86401191A EP0206883B1 EP 0206883 B1 EP0206883 B1 EP 0206883B1 EP 86401191 A EP86401191 A EP 86401191A EP 86401191 A EP86401191 A EP 86401191A EP 0206883 B1 EP0206883 B1 EP 0206883B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hook
handle
circuit breaker
spindle
toggle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86401191A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0206883A1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Philippe Neel
Roger Case
Gilbert Garnier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Priority to AT86401191T priority Critical patent/ATE56307T1/en
Publication of EP0206883A1 publication Critical patent/EP0206883A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0206883B1 publication Critical patent/EP0206883B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/501—Means for breaking welded contacts; Indicating contact welding or other malfunction of the circuit breaker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/52—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever
    • H01H71/522—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever comprising a cradle-mechanism
    • H01H71/525—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever comprising a cradle-mechanism comprising a toggle between cradle and contact arm and mechanism spring acting between handle and toggle knee

Definitions

  • a first object of the present invention is to allow the realization of a mechanism at increased speed for contact separation control without significant increase in the volume occupied by this mechanism.
  • Another object of the invention is to allow the realization of a circuit breaker mechanism ensuring a strong acceleration of the movable contact from the separation of the contacts.
  • the object of the invention is also to produce a circuit breaker with a high intensity molded case, the height of the case is relatively small and the contact pressure withstands these high currents.
  • the circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that said hook carries a stop cooperating with the upper link, during the pivoting of the released hook towards the tripped position DD of the circuit breaker, to move said upper link by breaking the toggle joint and bringing the axis of the knee lever in a position beyond the neutral point of said pivoting handle, said neutral point being defined by the alignment of the axis of articulation of the handle, the axis of the knee lever and the anchoring point of the spring on the handle.
  • the pivoting of the hook following the release of the coupling acts in two different ways on the toggle joint, in this case on the upper link of the toggle joint, on the one hand by displacement of the articulation axis of the upper link on the hook in a direction of opening of the contacts and on the other hand by pivoting of this upper link, causing the breaking of the toggle joint to accelerate the opening movement of the movable contact.
  • This double action occurs from the start of the tripping movement, which promotes rapid separation of the contacts and effective limitation of the cut current.
  • the upper link remains stationary relative to the hook, which limits friction and the braking of the movement of the moving assembly.
  • connection between the hook and the rod "-tte supernatant is advantageously made p ⁇ .. a light formed in the hook and a pin carried by the upper link and engaging in the lumen of the hook.
  • the upper link extends in the closed position substantially perpendicular to the hook, so as to reduce the length of this upper link and therefore the overall height of the mechanism while maintaining an amplified movement. of the kneepad when triggered.
  • the large angle of pivoting of the handle in the closed position allows the creation of a particularly simple locking device for the handle in the event of soldering of the contacts.
  • the handle support is extended by a finger capable of abutting on the articulation axis of the movable contact in the event of welding of the latter before the handle has crossed the opening dead center defined by the articulation point of the handle and the axis position of the knee lifter.
  • a low voltage circuit breaker comprises a casing made of insulating material molded in two parts, in this case a bottom 10 and a cover 12.
  • the casing of the circuit breaker, of the three-pole type is subdivided by internal partitions into three compartments each receiving the constituent elements of a pole. Only the central pole, with which is associated an operating mechanism designated by the general reference 14, is represented in FIG. 1, the other poles being identical.
  • the bottom 10 carries input 16 and output 19 terminals arranged on the two opposite small sides of the molded housing. Terminal 16 is connected by a conductor 17 plated on the bottom 10 to a fixed contact 18, which cooperates in the closed position of the circuit breaker with movable contacts 20.
  • movable contacts 20 in the form of blades are mounted with limited pivoting on an axis 22 secured to a contact support 24, the end of which is subject to a rotary bar 26, connecting the supports 24 of the different poles.
  • the movable contacts 20 are electrically connected by braids 28 and conductors 30 to the output terminal 19.
  • Springs 32 interposed between the support 24 and the movable contacts 20 provide the contact pressure. It is easy to see that a rotation of the bar 26 causes the support 24 to pivot in the clockwise direction of rotation in FIG. 1, causing separation of the contacts 18, 20.
  • the operating mechanism 14 comprises a handle 38 projecting from an opening 40, formed in the cover 12.
  • the handle 38 is rigidly secured to a handle support 42, pivotally mounted on a fixed axis 44 carried by a frame constituted by two flanges 46, fixed to the housing by screws 48.
  • the flanges 46 surround the constituent elements of the mechanism 14.
  • On a second axis fixed 50 carried by the flanges 46 is articulated a hook 52, the opposite end 54 of which cooperates with a latch 56.
  • On an axis 58 of the hook 52 is articulated a toggle formed by a link s upper 60, a toggle pin 62 and a lower link 64.
  • the lower link is articulated by an axis 66 carried by the support 24 of movable contact.
  • a tension spring 68 is anchored between the axis of the toggle joint 62 and a point 70 of the handle support 42.
  • the closing of the contacts is controlled by a reverse pivoting of the handle 38, bringing the toggle joint in the extended position corresponding to the closing of the contacts 18, 20.
  • Tripping of the circuit breaker that is to say an automatic opening on fault is generated by the unlocking of the hook 56, which releases the end 54 of the hook 52.
  • the latter pivots about its axis 50 allowing movement of the point of the axis 58 of articulation of the upper link 60.
  • the circuit breaker in FIG. 1 is equipped with an electronic trip device comprising a sensor in the form of a current transformer 72 which delivers a tripping signal, in the event of overcurrent or short circuit, to a relay 74 acting on the latching 56.
  • Such electronic trip devices are well known and they can moreover be replaced by conventional thermal and / or magnetic trip devices.
  • the upper link 60 carries a pin or lug 76, engaged in a slot 78, formed in the hook 52.
  • the pin 76 rests on the bottom 80 of the light 78, oriented on the side of the axis 50 of pivoting of the hook 52.
  • the upper link 60 is substantially perpendicular to the right connecting the axis 50 of the hook to the 'axis 58 of the link.
  • the released hook 52 pivots about its axis 50 anticlockwise by moving up the axis 58 for fixing the upper link 60 and pushing from the bottom 80 of the light 78 the pin 76 to the right in FIG. 3.
  • This action of the hook 52 on the pin 76 forces the knee lever 60, 64, to bend, from the start of the movement of the hook 52 by accelerating the opening movement imposed to the support 24 of the mobile contact 20.
  • FIG. 5 which illustrates the kinematics of this tripping movement, it can be seen that the axis 62 of the toggle joint moves during this movement beyond neutral for closing the handle 38, represented by a straight line 82 in broken lines connecting the axis 44 of articulation of the handle 38 at point F of the closed position of this handle.
  • the handle 38 Upon crossing by the axis 62 of the right 82, the handle 38 is biased to the right to come into the position identified in Figure 5 by the points DD.
  • FIG. 5 are also marked the other positions of the handle 38, in this case the closing dead center PMF, the opening dead center PMO, the sectioning point S, the opening point O and the point of reset A. These points are well known to specialists and will emerge from the following description. It should be noted that in the triggered position, the pin 76 is still in support of the bottom 80 of the light 78, the upper link 60 having not moved relative hook 52, these two parts 60, 52, having moved as a single unit.
  • the straight line connecting the axes 50, 58 is substantially parallel to the movable contact support 24 20 and the articulation point 66 of the lower link 64 on the support 24 is substantially at the movable contact 20.
  • These provisions allow a shortening of the links 60, 64, allowing a reduction in the overall height of the mechanism 14.
  • the angle defined by the upper link 60 and the spring 68 is large, for example around 25 degrees, which provides a significant force, maintaining the toggle 60, 64, in the extended position and a high contact pressure. This large angle does not hinder the movement of the handle 38 towards the tripping position DD, thanks to the pivoting imposed by the light 78 in the manner described above.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the manual opening operation of the circuit breaker by pivoting the handle 38 from the closed position F to the open position O.
  • the line of action of the spring 68 is moved towards the right in Figure 4, so as to exert on the knee brace 60, 64, a breaking force.
  • the hook 52 remains stationary, the pin 76 sliding in the slot 78.
  • Such an operation is conventional, the reclosing of the circuit breaker being effected by a pivoting of the handle 38 in the opposite direction.
  • the handle support 42 has an extension 84 beyond its pivot axis 44 capable of abutting the axis 22 of articulation of the movable contact 20 in the event of the contacts 18, 20 being welded. This coming into abutment prevents a pivoting of the handle 38 beyond the position S, representative of a soldering of the contacts 18, 20.
  • the handle 38 When the handle 38 is released, it returns to its closed position F signaling the closed position of the circuit breaker.
  • the axis 22 accompanies the support 24 in its opening movement avoiding a stop of the extension 84 and preventing movement of the handle 38 towards the open position.
  • Such devices for indicating contact soldering are well known per se, the kinematics of the mechanism according to the invention allowing production by extremely simple and reliable means.
  • the hook 52 carries in the vicinity of its end 54 a transverse rearming axis 86.
  • the handle support 42 has abutment surfaces 88 capable of pushing the transverse axis 86 towards the position for hooking the end 54 of the hook 52 with the hook 56 during the pivoting of the handle. 38 towards the open O and reset R positions on the right of FIG. 3.
  • the transverse axis 86 constitutes at the same time a stop defining the tripping position DD of the handle 38.

Landscapes

  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Brushes (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Insulating Of Coils (AREA)

Abstract

A moulded case circuit breaker has a toggle-joint mechanism, articulated on a hook and on a moving contact support. The toggle joint includes a swivel pin movably engaged in an aperture of the hook. When tripping takes place, the released hook pushes the toggle-joint, via the swivel pin and aperture, into a broken position to accelerate opening of the contacts. In the closed position, the toggle-joint is practically perpendicular to the hook.

Description

L'invention est relative à un disjoncteur électrique basse tension à boîtier moulé ayant trois positions stables respectivement d'ouverture O, de fermeture F et déclenchée DD, ledit disjoncteur comprenant :

  • - au moins un contact monté tixe dans ledit boîtier,
  • - un support de contact mobile monté à pivotement dans ledit boîtier pour amener lesdits contacts en position de fermeture, respectivement d'ouverture,
  • - un mécanisme de commande, logé dans ledit boîtier, pour actionner ledit support entre les positions d'ouverture et de fermeture, ledit mécanisme ayant une poignée pivotante de commande manuelle d'ouverture et de fermeture du disjoncteur et un châssis fixé audit boîtier,
  • - un crochet monté à pivotement sur un axe fixe dudit châssis et coopérant avec un accrochage dont la libération provoque le déclenchement du disjoncteur,
  • - une genouillère à deux biellettes reliées par un axe de genouillère, l'extrémité libre de la biellette supérieure étant articulée sur un axe du crochet et l'extrémité de la biellette inférieure étant articulée sur ledit support,
  • -un ressort de traction ancré d'une part à l'axe de genouillère et d'autre part à la poignée pour solliciter la genouillère respectivement en position d'extension, lorsque la poignée est en position de fermeture du disjoncteur et en position brisée, lorsque la poignée est en position d'ouverture, la libération du crochet par un déverrouillage de l'accrochage provoquant le déplacement de l'ensemble crochet genouillère en position déclenchée DD du disjoncteur.
The invention relates to a low-voltage electrical circuit breaker with molded housing having three stable positions of respectively opening O, closing F and tripping DD, said circuit breaker comprising:
  • - at least one contact mounted fixed in said housing,
  • a mobile contact support pivotally mounted in said housing to bring said contacts into the closed, respectively open, position;
  • a control mechanism, housed in said housing, for actuating said support between the open and closed positions, said mechanism having a pivoting handle for manual control of opening and closing of the circuit breaker and a chassis fixed to said housing,
  • - a hook pivotally mounted on a fixed axis of said chassis and cooperating with an attachment, the release of which causes tripping of the circuit breaker,
  • a toggle with two links connected by a toggle pin, the free end of the upper link being articulated on an axis of the hook and the end of the lower link being articulated on said support,
  • a tension spring anchored on the one hand to the toggle pin and on the other hand to the handle to urge the toggle respectively in the extended position, when the handle is in the closed position of the circuit breaker and in the broken position, when the handle is in the open position, the release of the hook by unlocking the hooking causing the displacement of the toggle hook assembly in the tripped position DD of the circuit breaker.

Les avantages des disjoncteurs à boîtier moulé du genre mentionné (FR-A 2 025 422) sont bien connus et cette technique est utilisée pour des calibres de plus en plus importants. Des courants de forte intensité nécessitent des pièces conductrices de grande section qui sont volumineuses et lourdes. Il est également indispensable d'augmenter la pression de contact et la vitesse de séparation de ces contacts pour limiter la durée de l'arc de coupure. Toutes ces modifications se traduisent par un mécanisme de commande particulièrement encombrant et lourd, ce qui limite les possibilités d'emploi de la technique à boîtier moulé.The advantages of molded case circuit breakers of the kind mentioned (FR-A 2 025 422) are well known and this technique is used for increasingly large ratings. High intensity currents require large cross-section conductive parts which are bulky and heavy. It is also essential to increase the contact pressure and the separation speed of these contacts to limit the duration of the breaking arc. All of these modifications result in a particularly bulky and cumbersome control mechanism, which limits the possibilities of using the molded case technique.

Un premier but de la présente invention est de permettre la réalisation d'un mécanisme à vitesse accrue de commande de séparation des contacts sans augmentation notable du volume occupé par ce mécanisme. Un autre but de l'invention est de permettre la réalisation d'un mécanisme de disjoncteur assurant une forte accélération du contact mobile dès la séparation des contacts.A first object of the present invention is to allow the realization of a mechanism at increased speed for contact separation control without significant increase in the volume occupied by this mechanism. Another object of the invention is to allow the realization of a circuit breaker mechanism ensuring a strong acceleration of the movable contact from the separation of the contacts.

L'invention a également pour but de réaliser un disjoncteur à boîtier moulé de forte intensité dont la hauteur du boîtier est relativement faible et dont la pression de contact résiste à ces courants élevés.The object of the invention is also to produce a circuit breaker with a high intensity molded case, the height of the case is relatively small and the contact pressure withstands these high currents.

Le disjoncteur selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que ledit crochet porte une butée coopérant avec la biellette supérieure, au cours du pivotement du crochet libéré vers la position déclenchée DD du disjoncteur, pour déplacer ladite biellette supérieure en brisant la genouillère et amener l'axe de la genouillère en une position de dépassement du point mort de ladite poignée pivotante, ledit point mort étant défini par l'alignement de l'axe d'articulation de la poignée, l'axe de la genouillère et le point d'ancrage du ressort sur la poignée.The circuit breaker according to the invention is characterized in that said hook carries a stop cooperating with the upper link, during the pivoting of the released hook towards the tripped position DD of the circuit breaker, to move said upper link by breaking the toggle joint and bringing the axis of the knee lever in a position beyond the neutral point of said pivoting handle, said neutral point being defined by the alignment of the axis of articulation of the handle, the axis of the knee lever and the anchoring point of the spring on the handle.

Le pivotement du crochet consécutif à la libération de l'accrochage agit de deux manières différentes sur la genouillère, en l'ocurrence sur la biellette supérieure de la genouillère, d'une part par déplacement de l'axe d'articulation de la biellette supérieure sur le crochet dans une direction d'ouverture des contacts et d'autre part par pivotement de cette biellette supérieure, provoquant le brisage de la genouillère pour accélérer le mouvement d'ouverture du contact mobile. Cette double action intervient dès le début du mouvement de déclenchement, ce qui favorise une séparation rapide des contacts et une limitation efficace du courant coupé. Au cours de ce mouvement de déclenchement, la biellette supérieure reste immobile par rapoort au crochet, ce qui limite les frottements et le freinage du déplacement de l'équipage mobile. Il ressortira de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention que le pivotement forcé de la biellette supérieure provoque le déplacement de l'axe de la genouillère dans une direction favorisant le franchissement du point mort de la poignée vε une position déclenchée. Cette particularité perme un choix de la position de fermeture de la poignée dans laquelle le ressort exerce une force accrue sur la genouillère maintenant une forte pression de contact.The pivoting of the hook following the release of the coupling acts in two different ways on the toggle joint, in this case on the upper link of the toggle joint, on the one hand by displacement of the articulation axis of the upper link on the hook in a direction of opening of the contacts and on the other hand by pivoting of this upper link, causing the breaking of the toggle joint to accelerate the opening movement of the movable contact. This double action occurs from the start of the tripping movement, which promotes rapid separation of the contacts and effective limitation of the cut current. During this triggering movement, the upper link remains stationary relative to the hook, which limits friction and the braking of the movement of the moving assembly. It will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment of the invention that the forced pivoting of the upper link causes the displacement of the axis of the toggle joint in a direction favoring the crossing of the dead center of the handle. vε a triggered position. This feature allows a choice of the closed position of the handle in which the spring exerts an increased force on the toggle joint maintaining a high contact pressure.

La liaison entre le crochet et la bie"-tte sur- neu- re est avantageusement réalisée p<.. une lumière ménagée dans le crochet et un tourillon porté par la biellette supérieure et s'engageant dans la lumière du crochet.The connection between the hook and the rod "-tte supernatant is advantageously made p <.. a light formed in the hook and a pin carried by the upper link and engaging in the lumen of the hook.

Selon un développement de l'invention, la biellette supérieure s'étend en position de fermeture sensiblement perpendiculairement au crochet, de manière à réduire la longueur de cette biellette supérieure et de ce fait l'encombrement en hauteur du mécanisme tout en conservant un déplacement amplifié de la genouillère lors d'un déclenchement. L'angle important de pivotement de la poignée en position de fermeture permet la réalisation d'un dispositif de blocage particulièrement simple de la poignée en cas de soudure des contacts. Le support de poignée est prolongé par un doigt susceptible de buter sur l'axe d'articulation du contact mobile en cas de soudure de ce dernier avant que la poignée ait franchi le point mort d'ouverture défini par le point d'articulation de la poignée et la position de l'axe de la genouillère.According to a development of the invention, the upper link extends in the closed position substantially perpendicular to the hook, so as to reduce the length of this upper link and therefore the overall height of the mechanism while maintaining an amplified movement. of the kneepad when triggered. The large angle of pivoting of the handle in the closed position allows the creation of a particularly simple locking device for the handle in the event of soldering of the contacts. The handle support is extended by a finger capable of abutting on the articulation axis of the movable contact in the event of welding of the latter before the handle has crossed the opening dead center defined by the articulation point of the handle and the axis position of the knee lifter.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représenté aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en élévation et en coupe axiale d'un disjoncteur selon l'invention, représenté en position de fermeture ;
  • - la figure 2 est une vue schématique en perspective du mécanisme du disjoncteur selon la figure 1 ;
  • - La figure 3 est une vue à échelle agrandie du mécanisme de la figure 1, la position fermée étant représentée en traits continus et la position déclenchée en traits discontinus ;
  • - les figures 4 et 5 sont des diagrammes illustrant les différentes positions du mécanisme ;
  • - la figure 6 est une vue en élévation du disjoncteur, la paroi latérale du boîtier étant supposée enlevée.
Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of an embodiment of the invention given by way of nonlimiting example and represented in the appended drawings in which:
  • - Figure 1 is an elevational view in axial section of a circuit breaker according to the invention, shown in the closed position;
  • - Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of the circuit breaker mechanism according to Figure 1;
  • - Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the mechanism of Figure 1, the closed position being shown in solid lines and the triggered position in broken lines;
  • - Figures 4 and 5 are diagrams illustrating the different positions of the mechanism;
  • - Figure 6 is an elevational view of the circuit breaker, the side wall of the housing being assumed removed.

Sur les figures, un disjoncteur basse tension comprend un boîtier en matière isolante moulée en deux parties, en l'occurrence un fond 10 et un couvercle 12. Le boîtier du disjoncteur, du type tripolai- re est subdivisé par des cloisons internes en trois compartiments recevant chacun les éléments constitutifs d'un pôle. Seul le pôle central, auquel est associé un mécanisme de manoeuvre désigné par le repère général 14, est représenté sur la figure 1, les autres pôles étant identiques. Le fond 10 porte des bornes d'entrée 16 et de sortie 19 disposées sur les deux petits côtés opposés du boîtier moulé. La borne 16 est reliée par un conducteur 17 plaqué sur le fond 10 à un contact fixe 18, qui coopère en position de fermeture du disjoncteur avec des contacts mobiles 20. Ces contacts mobiles 20 en forme de lames sont montés à pivotement limité sur un axe 22 solidaire d'un support de contact 24, dont l'extrémité est assujettie à un barreau rotatif 26, reliant les supports 24 des différents pôles. Les contacts mobiles 20 sont connectés électriquement par des tresses 28 et des conducteurs 30 à la borne de sortie 19. Des ressorts 32, intercalés entre le support 24 et les contacts mobiles 20 assurent la pression de contact. Il est facile de voir qu'une rotation du barreau 26 provoque un pivotement du support 24 dans le sens de rotation des aiguilles d'une montre sur la figure 1, provoquant une séparation des contacts 18, 20. Aux contacts 18, 20 est associée une chambre de coupure 34 à tôles de déionisation 36 s'étendant parallèlement au fond 10 au dessus du conducteur 17. Le mécanisme de manoeuvre 14 comprend une poignée 38 faisant saillie d'une ouverture 40, ménagée dans le couvercle 12. La poignée 38 est rigidement assujettie à un support de poignée 42, monté à pivotement sur un axe fixe 44 porté par un châssis constitué par deux flasques 46, fixés au boîtier par des vis 48. Les flasques 46 encadrent les éléments constitutifs du mécanisme 14. Sur un deuxième axe fixe 50 porté par les flasques 46, est articulé un crochet 52, dont l'extrémité opposée 54 coopére avec un accrochage 56. Sur un axe 58 du crochet 52, est articulée une genouillère constituée par une biellette supérieure 60, un axe de genouillère 62 et une biellette inférieure 64. La biellette inférieure est articulée par un axe 66 porté par le support 24 de contact mobile. Un ressort de traction 68 est ancré entre l'axe de la genouillère 62 et un point 70 du support 42 de poignée.In the figures, a low voltage circuit breaker comprises a casing made of insulating material molded in two parts, in this case a bottom 10 and a cover 12. The casing of the circuit breaker, of the three-pole type is subdivided by internal partitions into three compartments each receiving the constituent elements of a pole. Only the central pole, with which is associated an operating mechanism designated by the general reference 14, is represented in FIG. 1, the other poles being identical. The bottom 10 carries input 16 and output 19 terminals arranged on the two opposite small sides of the molded housing. Terminal 16 is connected by a conductor 17 plated on the bottom 10 to a fixed contact 18, which cooperates in the closed position of the circuit breaker with movable contacts 20. These movable contacts 20 in the form of blades are mounted with limited pivoting on an axis 22 secured to a contact support 24, the end of which is subject to a rotary bar 26, connecting the supports 24 of the different poles. The movable contacts 20 are electrically connected by braids 28 and conductors 30 to the output terminal 19. Springs 32, interposed between the support 24 and the movable contacts 20 provide the contact pressure. It is easy to see that a rotation of the bar 26 causes the support 24 to pivot in the clockwise direction of rotation in FIG. 1, causing separation of the contacts 18, 20. With the contacts 18, 20 is associated a breaking chamber 34 with deionization plates 36 extending parallel to the bottom 10 above the conductor 17. The operating mechanism 14 comprises a handle 38 projecting from an opening 40, formed in the cover 12. The handle 38 is rigidly secured to a handle support 42, pivotally mounted on a fixed axis 44 carried by a frame constituted by two flanges 46, fixed to the housing by screws 48. The flanges 46 surround the constituent elements of the mechanism 14. On a second axis fixed 50 carried by the flanges 46, is articulated a hook 52, the opposite end 54 of which cooperates with a latch 56. On an axis 58 of the hook 52, is articulated a toggle formed by a link s upper 60, a toggle pin 62 and a lower link 64. The lower link is articulated by an axis 66 carried by the support 24 of movable contact. A tension spring 68 is anchored between the axis of the toggle joint 62 and a point 70 of the handle support 42.

En position de fermeture des contacts, représentée à la figure 1, les biellettes 60, 64, de la genouillère sont sensiblement alignées en maintenant le support 24 en position de fermeture des contacts 18, 20, sous l'action du ressort 68. Un tel disjoncteur est bien connu des spécialistes et il suffit de rappeler qu'une ouverture manuelle du disjoncteur, commandée par un pivotement de la poignée 38, vers la droite sur la figure 1, provoque un déplacement du point d'ancrage 70 dans une position où le ressort 68 exerce une force de brisage de la genouillère 60, 64.In the closed position of the contacts, shown in FIG. 1, the links 60, 64, of the toggle joint are substantially aligned while maintaining the support 24 in the closed position of the contacts 18, 20, under the action of the spring 68. Such a circuit breaker is well known to specialists and it suffices to recall that a manual opening of the circuit breaker, controlled by a pivoting of the handle 38, to the right in FIG. 1, causes a displacement of the anchoring point 70 in a position where the spring 68 exerts a breaking force of the toggle joint 60, 64.

La fermeture des contacts est commandée par un pivotement inverse de la poignée 38, amenant la genouillère en position d'extension correspondant à la fermeture des contacts 18, 20. Un déclenchement du disjoncteur, c'est-à-dire une ouverture automatique sur défaut est engendrée par le déverrouillage de l'accrochage 56, qui libère l'extrémité 54 du crochet 52. Ce dernier pivote autour de son axe 50 en autorisant un déplacement du point de l'axe 58 d'articulation de la biellette supérieure 60. Le disjoncteur sur la figure 1 est équipé d'un déclencheur électronique comprenant un capteur en forme de transformateur de courant 72 qui délivre un signal de déclenchement, en cas de surintensité ou de court-circuit, à un relais 74 agissant sur l'accrochage 56. De tels déclencheurs électroniques sont bien connus et ils peuvent d'ailleurs être remplacés par es déclencheurs thermiques et/ou magnétiques conventionnels.The closing of the contacts is controlled by a reverse pivoting of the handle 38, bringing the toggle joint in the extended position corresponding to the closing of the contacts 18, 20. Tripping of the circuit breaker, that is to say an automatic opening on fault is generated by the unlocking of the hook 56, which releases the end 54 of the hook 52. The latter pivots about its axis 50 allowing movement of the point of the axis 58 of articulation of the upper link 60. The circuit breaker in FIG. 1 is equipped with an electronic trip device comprising a sensor in the form of a current transformer 72 which delivers a tripping signal, in the event of overcurrent or short circuit, to a relay 74 acting on the latching 56. Such electronic trip devices are well known and they can moreover be replaced by conventional thermal and / or magnetic trip devices.

Selon la présente invention, la biellette supérieure 60 porte un tourillon ou ergot 76, engagé dans une lumière 78, ménagée dans le crochet 52. En se référant plus particulièrement à la figure 3, on voit qu'en position de fermeture des contacts 18, 20, le tourillon 76 est en appui sur le fond 80 de la lumière 78, orienté du côté de l'axe 50 de pivotement du crochet 52. La biellette supérieure 60 est sensiblement perpendiculaire à la droite reliant l'axe 50 du crochet à l'axe 58 de la biellette. Lors d'un déclenchement, le crochet 52 libéré pivote autour de son axe 50 dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre en déplaçant vers le haut l'axe 58 de fixation de la biellette supérieure 60 et en poussant par le fond 80 de la lumière 78 le tourillon 76 vers la droite sur la figure 3. Cette action du crochet 52 sur le tourillon 76 force la genouillère 60, 64, à se plier, dès le début du mouvement du crochet 52 en accélérant le mouvement d'ouverture imposé au support 24 du contact mobile 20. En se référant plus particulièrement à la figure 5, qui illustre la cinématique de ce mouvement de déclenchement, on voit que l'axe 62 de la genouillère se déplace au cours de ce mouvement au delà du point mort de fermeture de la poignée 38, représentée par une droite 82 en traits discontinus reliant l'axe 44 d'articulation de la poignée 38 au point F de position de fermeture de cette poignée.According to the present invention, the upper link 60 carries a pin or lug 76, engaged in a slot 78, formed in the hook 52. Referring more particularly to FIG. 3, it can be seen that in the closed position of the contacts 18, 20, the pin 76 rests on the bottom 80 of the light 78, oriented on the side of the axis 50 of pivoting of the hook 52. The upper link 60 is substantially perpendicular to the right connecting the axis 50 of the hook to the 'axis 58 of the link. When triggered, the released hook 52 pivots about its axis 50 anticlockwise by moving up the axis 58 for fixing the upper link 60 and pushing from the bottom 80 of the light 78 the pin 76 to the right in FIG. 3. This action of the hook 52 on the pin 76 forces the knee lever 60, 64, to bend, from the start of the movement of the hook 52 by accelerating the opening movement imposed to the support 24 of the mobile contact 20. Referring more particularly to FIG. 5, which illustrates the kinematics of this tripping movement, it can be seen that the axis 62 of the toggle joint moves during this movement beyond neutral for closing the handle 38, represented by a straight line 82 in broken lines connecting the axis 44 of articulation of the handle 38 at point F of the closed position of this handle.

Dès le franchissement par l'axe 62 de la droite 82, la poignée 38 est sollicitée vers la droite pour venir dans la position repérée sur la figure 5 par les points DD. Sur la figure 5 sont également marquées les autres positions de la poignée 38, en l'occurrence le point mort de fermeture PMF, le point mort d'ouverture PMO, le point de sectionnement S, le point d'ouverture O et le point de réarmement R. Ces points sont bien connus des spécialistes et ressortiront de la suite de la description. Il convient de noter qu'en position déclenchée, le tourillon 76 est toujours en appui du fond 80 de la lumière 78, la biellette supérieure 60 n'ayant pas bougé par rapport au crochet 52, ces deux pièces 60, 52, s'étant déplacées comme un ensemble monobloc. En position de fermeture, la droite reliant les axes 50, 58 est sensiblement parallèle au support 24 de contact mobile 20 et le point d'articulation 66 de la biellette inférieure 64 sur le support 24 est sensiblement au niveau du contact mobile 20. Ces dispositions permettent un raccourcissement des biellettes 60, 64, en permettant une réduction de l'encombrement en hauteur du mécanisme 14. L'angle défini par la biellette supérieure 60 et le ressort 68 est important, par exemple voisin de 25 degrés, ce qui fournit une force importante, maintenant la genouillère 60, 64, en position d'extension et une pression de contact élevée. Cet angle important n'entrave pas le déplacement de la poignée 38 vers la position de déclenchement DD, grâce au pivotement imposé par la lumière 78 de la manière décrite ci-dessus.Upon crossing by the axis 62 of the right 82, the handle 38 is biased to the right to come into the position identified in Figure 5 by the points DD. In FIG. 5 are also marked the other positions of the handle 38, in this case the closing dead center PMF, the opening dead center PMO, the sectioning point S, the opening point O and the point of reset A. These points are well known to specialists and will emerge from the following description. It should be noted that in the triggered position, the pin 76 is still in support of the bottom 80 of the light 78, the upper link 60 having not moved relative hook 52, these two parts 60, 52, having moved as a single unit. In the closed position, the straight line connecting the axes 50, 58 is substantially parallel to the movable contact support 24 20 and the articulation point 66 of the lower link 64 on the support 24 is substantially at the movable contact 20. These provisions allow a shortening of the links 60, 64, allowing a reduction in the overall height of the mechanism 14. The angle defined by the upper link 60 and the spring 68 is large, for example around 25 degrees, which provides a significant force, maintaining the toggle 60, 64, in the extended position and a high contact pressure. This large angle does not hinder the movement of the handle 38 towards the tripping position DD, thanks to the pivoting imposed by the light 78 in the manner described above.

La figure 4 illustre la manoeuvre d'ouverture manuelle du disjoncteur par pivotement de la poignée 38 de la position de fermeture F vers la position d'ouverture O. Au cours de ce pivotement, la ligne d'action du ressort 68 est déplacée vers la droite sur la figure 4, de manière à exercer sur la genouillère 60, 64, une force de brisage. Au cours de cette manoeuvre, le crochet 52 reste immobile, le tourillon 76 coulissant dans la lumière 78. Une telle manoeuvre est classique, la refermeture du disjoncteur s'opérant par un pivotement de la poignée 38 en direction opposée.FIG. 4 illustrates the manual opening operation of the circuit breaker by pivoting the handle 38 from the closed position F to the open position O. During this pivoting, the line of action of the spring 68 is moved towards the right in Figure 4, so as to exert on the knee brace 60, 64, a breaking force. During this maneuver, the hook 52 remains stationary, the pin 76 sliding in the slot 78. Such an operation is conventional, the reclosing of the circuit breaker being effected by a pivoting of the handle 38 in the opposite direction.

Le support 42 de poignée présente une extension 84 au delà de son axe de pivotement 44 susceptible de venir en butée de l'axe 22 d'articulation du contact mobile 20 en cas de soudure des contacts 18, 20. Cette venue en butée empêche un pivotement de la poignée 38 au delà de la position S, représentative d'une soudure des contacts 18, 20. Lorsque la poignée 38 est lâchée, elle revient dans sa position de fermeture F signalant la position fermée du disjoncteur. Il est clair qu'en fonctionnement normal, l'axe 22 accompagne le support 24 dans son mouvement d'ouverture évitant une butée de l'extension 84 et un empêchement du déplacement de la poignée 38 vers la position d'ouverture. De tels dispositifs d'indication d'une soudure des contacts sont bien connus en soi, la cinématique du mécanisme selon l'invention permettant une réalisation par des moyens extrêmement simples et fiables.The handle support 42 has an extension 84 beyond its pivot axis 44 capable of abutting the axis 22 of articulation of the movable contact 20 in the event of the contacts 18, 20 being welded. This coming into abutment prevents a pivoting of the handle 38 beyond the position S, representative of a soldering of the contacts 18, 20. When the handle 38 is released, it returns to its closed position F signaling the closed position of the circuit breaker. It is clear that in normal operation, the axis 22 accompanies the support 24 in its opening movement avoiding a stop of the extension 84 and preventing movement of the handle 38 towards the open position. Such devices for indicating contact soldering are well known per se, the kinematics of the mechanism according to the invention allowing production by extremely simple and reliable means.

Le crochet 52 porte au voisinage de son extrémité 54 un axe transversal 86 de réarmement. A cet effet, le support 42 de poignée présente des surfaces de butée 88, susceptibles de pousser l'axe transversal 86 vers la position d'accrochage de l'extrémité 54 du crochet 52 avec l'accrochage 56 au cours du pivotement de la poignée 38 vers les positions d'ouverture O et de réarmement R sur la droite de la figure 3. L'axe transversal 86 constitue en même temps une butée définissant la position de déclenchement DD de la poignée 38.The hook 52 carries in the vicinity of its end 54 a transverse rearming axis 86. To this end, the handle support 42 has abutment surfaces 88 capable of pushing the transverse axis 86 towards the position for hooking the end 54 of the hook 52 with the hook 56 during the pivoting of the handle. 38 towards the open O and reset R positions on the right of FIG. 3. The transverse axis 86 constitutes at the same time a stop defining the tripping position DD of the handle 38.

Il est inutile de décrire plus en détails le fonctionnement du mécanisme qui ressort de l'exposé précédent et il suffit de rappeler que ce mécanisme est particulièrement simple et robuste permettant l'application de pressions de contacts importantes et un déplacement rapide des contacts dès le début de l'ouverture du disjoncteur. Le mouvement de dé- clenchément s'effectue par des simples rotations mettant en oeuvre des forces de friction extrêmement faibles, ce qui contribue à la rapidité de l'ouverture.There is no need to describe in more detail the operation of the mechanism which emerges from the previous presentation and it suffices to recall that this mechanism is particularly simple and robust allowing the application of high contact pressures and rapid displacement of the contacts from the start. opening of the circuit breaker. The trigger movement is carried out by simple rotations using extremely low friction forces, which contributes to the speed of opening.

Claims (9)

1. A moulded case low voltage electrical circuit breaker having three stable positions respectively open O, closed F and tripped DD, said circuit breaker comprising:
- at least one stationary contact (18) fitted in said case,
- a support (24) of a moving contact (30) pivotally mounted in said case to bring said contacts (18, 20) respectively into the closing position and the opening position,
- an operating mechanism (14), housed in said case, to actuate said support (24) between the opening and closing positions, said mechanism having a pivoting handle (38) controlling manual opening and closing of the circuit breaker and a frame (46) fixed to said case,
- a hook (52) pivotally mounted on a fixed spindle (50) of said frame (46) cooperating with the latching device (56) and the release of which brings about tripping of the circuit breaker,
- a toggle-joint constituted of an upper rod (60) and a lower rod (64) which are connected together by a toggle-joint spindle (62), the free end of the upper rod (60) being articulated on the spindle (58) of the hook (52) and the end of the lower rod (64) being articulated on said support (24),
- a tension spring (68) anchored on the one hand to the toggle-joint spindle (62) and on the other hand at a point (70) to the handle (38) to urge the toggle-joint (60, 64) respectively to the extension position, when the handle (38) is in the circuit breaker closing position, and to the broken position when the handle is in the opening position, the hook (52) being released by unlocking of the latching device (56) causing the hook (52) and toggle-joint (60, 64) assembly to move and bringing the handle (58) to the tripped position DD of the circuit breaker,

characterized in that said hook (52) bears a stop (80) and that when releasing the hook (52) and when it pivots to the tripped position (DD) of the circuit breaker, said stop (80) cooperates with the upper rod (60) and moves it to break the toggle-joint (60, 64) and to bring the toggle-joint spindle (62) to a position beyond the open dead point (PMO) of said pivoting handle (38), said open dead point being defined by the alignment of the articulation spindle (44) of the handle (38), the toggle-joint spindle (62) and the anchoring point (70) of the spring on the handle (38).
2. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that said stop is constituted by the bottom (80) of an aperture (78) disposed in the hook (52), said bottom (80) coming into abutment with a swivel-pin (76) securedly united with the upper rod (60) and engaged in said aperture (78) in the course of a tripping operation.
3. The circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said stop (80) creates a rigid connection between the hook (52) and the upper rod (60) which move as a single assembly in the course of a tripping and releasing operation of the hook (52).
4. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that said stop (80) is disposed in such a way as not to hinder the free pivoting of the upper rod (60) in the course of manual opening and closing operations, by manual direct action on the handle (38).
5. The circuit breaker according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the closing position, the angle having as its apex the articulation spindle (58) of the upper rod (60) on the hook (52) and defined by the pivoting spindle (50) of the hook and the spindle (50) of the toggle-joint (60, 64) is close to a right angle.
6. The circuit breaker according to anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the closed position, the straight line passing through the articulation spindle (58), of the upper rod (60) and the pivoting spindle (50) of the hook (52) is appreciably parallel to said moving contact support (24).
7. The circuit breaker according to anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that said hook (52) bears at its end (54) near the latching device (56) a transverse spindle (86) and that the handle bears stops (88) cooperating with said transverse spindle (86) to move the hook (52) to the latching position in the course of a reloading movement of the handle (38).
8. The circuit breaker according to anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that the articulation spindle (66) of the lower rod (64) on the support (24) of the moving contact is appreciably aligned with the straight line passing through the moving contact (20) and the rotating bar (26) of the support (24).
9. The circuit breaker according to anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that the handle (38) is mounted on a handle support (42) comprising an extension (84) beyond the articulation spindle (44) of the handle in order to cooperate with said moving contact (20) in case of welding and to avoid the pivoting of the handle (38) into the open position O.
EP86401191A 1985-06-12 1986-06-03 Moulded case circuit breaker Expired - Lifetime EP0206883B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86401191T ATE56307T1 (en) 1985-06-12 1986-06-03 LOAD SWITCH WITH CAST HOUSING.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8509003 1985-06-12
FR8509003A FR2583570B1 (en) 1985-06-12 1985-06-12 MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER.

Publications (2)

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EP0206883A1 EP0206883A1 (en) 1986-12-30
EP0206883B1 true EP0206883B1 (en) 1990-09-05

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EP86401191A Expired - Lifetime EP0206883B1 (en) 1985-06-12 1986-06-03 Moulded case circuit breaker

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US (1) US4710738A (en)
EP (1) EP0206883B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0828171B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE56307T1 (en)
AU (1) AU584842B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1268199A (en)
DE (1) DE3673888D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8704290A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2583570B1 (en)
PT (1) PT82757B (en)
ZA (1) ZA864286B (en)

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FR2583571B1 (en) * 1985-06-12 1994-02-18 Merlin Et Gerin LOW VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH IMPROVED CUT.
FR2659177B1 (en) * 1990-03-01 1992-09-04 Merlin Gerin CURRENT SENSOR FOR AN ELECTRONIC TRIGGER OF AN ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BREAKER.
FR2663152B1 (en) * 1990-06-11 1996-04-26 Merlin Gerin MECHANISM OF A SPRING CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH TENSIONED BULB AND METHOD OF MOUNTING THE SPRINGS.
FR2687249B1 (en) * 1992-02-07 1994-04-01 Merlin Gerin CONTROL MECHANISM OF A MOLDED BOX CIRCUIT BREAKER.
FR2687248B1 (en) * 1992-02-07 1994-04-01 Merlin Gerin DEVICE FOR CONNECTING A LOW VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER TO A MOLDED HOUSING.
FR2689310B1 (en) * 1992-03-31 1997-05-09 Merlin Gerin MECHANISM WITH PIVOTING HANDLE OF A MOLDED BOX CIRCUIT BREAKER.
JP3057155B2 (en) * 1998-08-07 2000-06-26 寺崎電気産業株式会社 Circuit breaker
US6087913A (en) * 1998-11-20 2000-07-11 General Electric Company Circuit breaker mechanism for a rotary contact system
US6346868B1 (en) * 2000-03-01 2002-02-12 General Electric Company Circuit interrupter operating mechanism
JP4717912B2 (en) * 2008-09-16 2011-07-06 株式会社日立産機システム Circuit breaker
EP4163104A1 (en) 2021-10-05 2023-04-12 Flexopack S.A. Multilayer monoaxially oriented crosslinked film and process
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4710738A (en) 1987-12-01
AU584842B2 (en) 1989-06-01
ZA864286B (en) 1987-01-28
AU5852986A (en) 1986-12-18
ES8704290A1 (en) 1987-04-01
PT82757A (en) 1986-07-01
JPH0828171B2 (en) 1996-03-21
FR2583570A1 (en) 1986-12-19
FR2583570B1 (en) 1988-07-15
ES555843A0 (en) 1987-04-01
EP0206883A1 (en) 1986-12-30
ATE56307T1 (en) 1990-09-15
PT82757B (en) 1990-06-29
JPS6271141A (en) 1987-04-01
CA1268199A (en) 1990-04-24
DE3673888D1 (en) 1990-10-11

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