EP0204052A2 - Verfahren und System zur Kontrolle der Elektrodenerosion eines Plasmabrenners - Google Patents

Verfahren und System zur Kontrolle der Elektrodenerosion eines Plasmabrenners Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0204052A2
EP0204052A2 EP85420199A EP85420199A EP0204052A2 EP 0204052 A2 EP0204052 A2 EP 0204052A2 EP 85420199 A EP85420199 A EP 85420199A EP 85420199 A EP85420199 A EP 85420199A EP 0204052 A2 EP0204052 A2 EP 0204052A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
electrodes
value
plasma torch
field coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85420199A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0204052B1 (de
EP0204052A3 (en
Inventor
Michel G. Drouet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hydro Quebec
Original Assignee
Hydro Quebec
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hydro Quebec filed Critical Hydro Quebec
Priority to AT85420199T priority Critical patent/ATE66562T1/de
Publication of EP0204052A2 publication Critical patent/EP0204052A2/de
Publication of EP0204052A3 publication Critical patent/EP0204052A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0204052B1 publication Critical patent/EP0204052B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/40—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles using applied magnetic fields, e.g. for focusing or rotating the arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3431—Coaxial cylindrical electrodes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a system for controlling the erosion of the electrodes of a plasma torch. More specifically, the invention relates to the use of the plasma torch under conditions where the electrodes of the latter have a substantially prolonged life by increasing the surface swept by the arc foot.
  • coal is also used as an energy source to make steel by directly transforming the metal in a hearth furnace or in oxygen and coke ovens, as well as in the other treatment stages (coke oven and high - gas stove).
  • fusion and heating must use other forms of energy.
  • This gas varies with the electric power delivered in the electric arc and the gas flow. This temperature being able to reach from .3000 ° to 10000 °, the hot gas produced is strongly ionized, it is therefore a plasma hence the name of plasma torch given to this device.
  • the electrical power of commercially available torches varies between a few kW and ten MW.
  • the service life of the electrodes is an essential element.
  • the torch manufacturers indicate durations varying between 100 and 1000 hours for cooled electrodes.
  • the rate of erosion of the electrodes depends on the operating conditions: value of the arc current, materials and temperature of the electrode, nature and pressure of the ambient gas, movement of the arc foot.
  • the wear phenomenon is very poorly understood.
  • the tangential injection of cold gases and the presence of an axial magnetic field each have the effect of creating a rotation of the arc foot on the surface of the tubular electrodes.
  • the arc is driven by the rotating gas or pushed by the force 1 x B resulting from the interaction between the magnetic field B and the arc current I.
  • the speed of the arc increases with the value of the field magnetic applied transversely to the arc.
  • the arc is usually moved rapidly over a circle on the surface of the electrode by a constant magnetic field, thus distributing over the internal surface of the electrode.
  • cylindrical where the arc attaches to the inevitable erosion which occurs in contact with the arc with the surface of the elec trode.
  • An object of the present invention relates to an o roceded by e. which causes an axial displacement of the trajectory of the arch foot.
  • the invention relates to a method for controlling the erosion of the electrodes of a plasma torch, in which an electric arc is established, when the electrodes are connected to a power supply and an axial magnetic field generated by a coil system. field, causes the arc feet to rotate in a circular path inside the electrodes.
  • the value of the current in the field coil system used to rotate the arc is varied periodically, thus causing an axial displacement of the circular path of the arc foot.
  • the current value is continuously modulated in the coil system, so as to cause each of the arc feet to move on a cylindrical surface, for example along a helical path.
  • the field coil system comprises one, two or more field coils for each electrode.
  • the value of the current (s) in one or more of the coils can be continuously modulated, so as to modify axially the position of the minimum of the resultant of the fields thus causing an axial displacement of the radial trajectory of the arch foot.
  • the modulation of the value of the currents is adjusted, in order to synchronize the axial displacements of the arc feet at the two electrodes to keep a constant arc length and thus keep the arc voltage at the same value.
  • the invention also relates to a plasma torch comprising two cylindrical electrodes making it possible to obtain an electric arc when the electrodes are connected to a power supply, and a field coil system for each electrode to cause the rotation of the arc feet according to a circular path inside the cylindrical electrodes.
  • means are provided for periodically varying the value of the currents in the field coil system used to rotate the arc, thus causing an axial displacement of the circular path of the arc foot.
  • said means are arranged to continuously modulate the value of the currents in the coil system, so as to cause each of the arc feet to move on a cylindrical surface.
  • means are provided for continuously modulating the value of the current in one of the two coils, so as to modify the position of the minimum of the sum of two fields axially, thus causing an axial displacement of the radial trajectory. of the arc foot.
  • means are provided for adjusting the modulation of the value of the current, in order to synchronize the axial displacements of the arc feet at the two electrodes in order to maintain a constant arc length and thus maintain the arc voltage at the same value.
  • the torch 29 has at least two field coils 31 and 33 for each electrode unlike commercial torches which have only one.
  • the value of current in one of the coils (or both) is modulated by any known means 35 continuously, so as to modify axially the position of the minimum of the sum of the two fields thus causing an axial displacement d of the radial trajectory a or b of the foot d arc 37.
  • the arc foot no longer describes a circle, it moves on a cylindrical surface.
  • the axial movements of the arc feet at the two electrodes can be synchronized by any known means to maintain a constant arc length and thus keep the arc voltage at the same value.
  • each electrode of the plasma torch comprises only a single coil and a vortex injection of the gas; this displacement can, in fact, be obtained by continuously modulating the current in the coil. This control is nevertheless less effective than by the use of two or more coils.
  • the erosion rate of a commercial torch has been measured by several manufacturers; . it is approximately 1.5 x 10 -9 kg per coulomb of electricity.
  • the amount of material eroded after 400 hours of operation at 1000A of a torch is therefore:
  • the length X eroded in the axial direction is of (density for copper 8.95):

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
EP85420199A 1985-06-07 1985-11-08 Verfahren und System zur Kontrolle der Elektrodenerosion eines Plasmabrenners Expired - Lifetime EP0204052B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85420199T ATE66562T1 (de) 1985-06-07 1985-11-08 Verfahren und system zur kontrolle der elektrodenerosion eines plasmabrenners.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA483451 1985-06-07
CA000483451A CA1248185A (fr) 1985-06-07 1985-06-07 Methode et systeme de controle de l'erosion des electrodes d'une torche a plasma

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0204052A2 true EP0204052A2 (de) 1986-12-10
EP0204052A3 EP0204052A3 (en) 1987-11-04
EP0204052B1 EP0204052B1 (de) 1991-08-21

Family

ID=4130664

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85420199A Expired - Lifetime EP0204052B1 (de) 1985-06-07 1985-11-08 Verfahren und System zur Kontrolle der Elektrodenerosion eines Plasmabrenners

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4683367A (de)
EP (1) EP0204052B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE66562T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1248185A (de)
DE (1) DE3583864D1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2609358A1 (fr) * 1987-01-07 1988-07-08 Electricite De France Torche a plasma a pied d'arc amont mobile longitudinalement et procede pour maitriser son deplacement
FR2685850A1 (fr) * 1991-12-31 1993-07-02 Electricite De France Procede et alimentation electrique perfectionnes pour torche a plasma.
WO2010070051A1 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Europlasma Procédé de contrôle de l'usure d'au moins une des électrodes d'une torche à plasma

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5235160A (en) * 1990-03-22 1993-08-10 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Heat-plasma-jet generator capable of conducting plasma spray or heat-plasma cvd coating in a relatively wide area
CA2099202A1 (en) * 1992-06-25 1993-12-26 Graeme J. Ogilvie Material treatment method and apparatus
CA2084281C (fr) * 1992-12-01 1999-07-06 Roberto Nunes Szente Torche a plasma pour deposition avec injection centrale
FR2734445B1 (fr) * 1995-05-19 1997-07-18 Aerospatiale Torche a plasma d'arc a courant continu, particulierement destinee a l'obtention d'un corps chimique par decomposition d'un gaz plasmagene
IL116939A0 (en) * 1996-01-29 1996-05-14 Netanya Plasmatek Ltd Plasma torch apparatus
US6478841B1 (en) 2001-09-12 2002-11-12 Techint Technologies Inc. Integrated mini-mill for iron and steel making
US8852693B2 (en) 2011-05-19 2014-10-07 Liquipel Ip Llc Coated electronic devices and associated methods
CN108566715B (zh) * 2018-04-11 2020-12-18 航天神洁(北京)科技发展有限公司 一种等离子煤制乙炔等离子枪

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB966103A (en) * 1960-01-04 1964-08-06 Her Majesty S Principal Sec De Improvements in or relating to arc torches
US3416021A (en) * 1966-05-11 1968-12-10 Navy Usa Arc apparatus employing three dimensional arc motion and dynamic balancing
DE1300182B (de) * 1967-09-29 1969-07-31 Siemens Ag Wirbelstabilisierter Lichtbogen-Plasmabrenner
US3521106A (en) * 1965-04-12 1970-07-21 Siemens Ag Plasma burner with adjustable constriction structure in gas flow path

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3283205A (en) * 1961-06-01 1966-11-01 Bolt Harold E De Shifting arc plasma system
US3654513A (en) * 1969-06-30 1972-04-04 Westinghouse Electric Corp Arc heater apparatus and method for producing a diffuse arc discharge
US4194106A (en) * 1975-01-27 1980-03-18 Secheron Soudure S.A. Methods and devices for cutting, eroding, welding and depositing metallic and non-metallic materials by means of an electric arc
CA1105569A (en) * 1977-10-18 1981-07-21 Ivan A. Kuznetsov Plasma arc torch head
US4278868A (en) * 1977-12-19 1981-07-14 Thermatool Corp. Methods and apparatus for heating metal parts with magnetically driven travelling electric arc
US4219726A (en) * 1979-03-29 1980-08-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Arc heater construction with total alternating current usage
US4439657A (en) * 1979-07-30 1984-03-27 Institut Fiziki Akademii Nauk Belorusskoi SSR Apparatus for high temperature treatment of rectilinear-generatrix surfaces of nonconductive products

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB966103A (en) * 1960-01-04 1964-08-06 Her Majesty S Principal Sec De Improvements in or relating to arc torches
US3521106A (en) * 1965-04-12 1970-07-21 Siemens Ag Plasma burner with adjustable constriction structure in gas flow path
US3416021A (en) * 1966-05-11 1968-12-10 Navy Usa Arc apparatus employing three dimensional arc motion and dynamic balancing
DE1300182B (de) * 1967-09-29 1969-07-31 Siemens Ag Wirbelstabilisierter Lichtbogen-Plasmabrenner

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2609358A1 (fr) * 1987-01-07 1988-07-08 Electricite De France Torche a plasma a pied d'arc amont mobile longitudinalement et procede pour maitriser son deplacement
EP0277845A1 (de) * 1987-01-07 1988-08-10 Electricite De France Plasmabrenner mit longitudinal beweglichem oberen Bogenende und Methode zur Steuerung der Verschiebung
FR2685850A1 (fr) * 1991-12-31 1993-07-02 Electricite De France Procede et alimentation electrique perfectionnes pour torche a plasma.
EP0550336A1 (de) * 1991-12-31 1993-07-07 Electricite De France Verfahren und elektrische Spannungsversorgung für einen Plasmabrenner
US5376768A (en) * 1991-12-31 1994-12-27 Electricite De France - Service National Method for equalizing wear to prolong the lifespan of a plasma torch electrode
US5393954A (en) * 1991-12-31 1995-02-28 Service National Ealectricite De France Plasma torch with power supply for equalizing wear to prolong the lifespan of an electrode of the torch
WO2010070051A1 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Europlasma Procédé de contrôle de l'usure d'au moins une des électrodes d'une torche à plasma
FR2940584A1 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-25 Europlasma Procede de controle de l'usure d'au moins une des electrodes d'une torche a plasma
US8502109B2 (en) 2008-12-19 2013-08-06 Europlasma Method of monitoring the wear of at least one of the electrodes of a plasma torch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0204052B1 (de) 1991-08-21
CA1248185A (fr) 1989-01-03
DE3583864D1 (de) 1991-09-26
EP0204052A3 (en) 1987-11-04
ATE66562T1 (de) 1991-09-15
US4683367A (en) 1987-07-28

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