EP0203867B1 - Apparatus for casting metal strips - Google Patents

Apparatus for casting metal strips Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0203867B1
EP0203867B1 EP86401121A EP86401121A EP0203867B1 EP 0203867 B1 EP0203867 B1 EP 0203867B1 EP 86401121 A EP86401121 A EP 86401121A EP 86401121 A EP86401121 A EP 86401121A EP 0203867 B1 EP0203867 B1 EP 0203867B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mould
longitudinal
casting
metal
continuous
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EP86401121A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0203867A1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Barbé
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Clecim SAS
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Clecim SAS
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Priority to AT86401121T priority Critical patent/ATE54590T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a continuous metal casting machine in the form of at least two strips of relatively small thickness, for example of the order of 20 to 70 mm, and of large width, which can range for example up to 2 meters.
  • a continuous casting installation comprises, in the direction of casting, a distributor container intended to receive the liquid metal coming from the steelworks in pockets, a bottomless mold and a device for extracting and secondary cooling.
  • the dispensing container is used to ensure the continuity of the pouring, in particular when replacing a bag which has reached the end of the pouring.
  • the bottomless mold placed below the dispensing container and fed continuously therefrom, consists of two parallel longitudinal walls and two transverse walls mounted on a frame and limiting a rectangular section pouring cavity for the pouring of slabs, the long sides consisting of the longitudinal walls and the short sides of the transverse walls.
  • the walls of the mold are bounded inward by a metal contact plate, generally made of copper, also called a "friction plate".
  • At least the longitudinal walls are provided with a cooling system normally consisting of channels for circulation of a heat-transfer fluid, generally water, along the internal face of the contact plate.
  • a solidified skin is formed along the cooled contact plates, the thickness of which gradually increases towards the bottom and inside which the liquid metal is kept, which makes it possible to extract from the bottom of the mold.
  • a metal ribbon whose cross section corresponds to that of the mold.
  • the mold is generally subjected to a slight oscillating movement, which can be caused by various and well-known mechanisms.
  • the metal strip exiting through the bottom of the mold then passes through a secondary cooling device generally consisting of a series of guide elements forming a passage placed in the extension of the mold and of the same section as the latter, each element of guide being provided with means for holding and cooling the metal strip.
  • a secondary cooling device generally consisting of a series of guide elements forming a passage placed in the extension of the mold and of the same section as the latter, each element of guide being provided with means for holding and cooling the metal strip.
  • at least some guide elements are provided with means exerting traction on the strip.
  • Known machines include means for adjusting the dimensions of the cast product, in particular by moving the longitudinal walls for adjusting the thickness and the transverse walls for adjusting the width of the strip.
  • the adjustment possibilities remain limited, each machine being provided for the casting of products of a certain category.
  • this thickness must remain, in known machines, relatively large, at least 100 mm for example. Such machines cannot therefore be used for the continuous casting of strips of relatively small thickness.
  • the invention relates to a new arrangement making it possible to produce thin strips on a machine of the conventional type described above and whose operation is therefore well known. .
  • the liquid metal is poured into a distribution tank interposed between the dispensing container and the mold, said tank being placed on the mold, secured to the latter, and equipped with means for holding the metal at the casting temperature;
  • the mold is divided into at least two parallel casting cavities delimited by at least one intermediate plate interposed between the longitudinal walls of the mold and extending parallel to the latter between the two transverse plates, the intermediate plate being provided on its two faces of surface cooling means;
  • the metal poured into the distribution tank is distributed in the center of the two parallel cavities for the formation of two strips whose thickness corresponds to the distance between the intermediate plate and the corresponding longitudinal wall and at least the first guide element placed below of the mold is divided longitudinally in at least two parallel cavities each provided with means for cooling and pulling the strips leaving the corresponding cavities of the mold.
  • the distribution tank is limited by longitudinal and transverse walls respectively placed in line with those of the mold.
  • the mold and the intermediate partition are provided at their upper part with means for delaying the start of solidification to a level below the junction plane between the mold and the distribution tank.
  • These delaying means may include a heat shield placed at the top of each longitudinal wall of the mold and on both sides of the intermediate partition, said shield being interposed between the cooling system and the internal plate for contact with the metal and s 'extending over the entire width of the casting cavity and up to the level desired for the start of solidification.
  • the intermediate partition is advantageously provided, along its upper edge, with an edge constituted by a profile of porous material and capable of being traversed by an inert gas injected from channels covered by said edge and supplied in pressurized gas which can be preheated to a very high temperature.
  • the distribution tank is provided along the lower edges of its longitudinal walls, with two edges made up of profiles of porous material capable of being traversed by an inert gas injected from channels covered by said edges and fed in gas under pressure.
  • the edge of porous material of each longitudinal wall of the distribution tank forms a descending lip separated from the lower part of the wall by a groove-shaped space into which the upper edge of the internal plate of the longitudinal wall of the mold, this being arranged projecting above the joint plane between the distribution tank and the mold, the bottom of the groove being separated from the top of the upper edge by a space supplied with inert gas under pressure and constituting the inert gas injection channel through the porous border.
  • At least the first guide element is advantageously constituted by a cage-shaped chassis in which are mounted two longitudinal plates and at least one intermediate partition placed respectively in the extension of the longitudinal plates and of the intermediate partition of the mold and provided with systems for cooling the faces in contact with the metal, one of the longitudinal plates serving as a reference, fixed on the chassis and the other longitudinal plate as well as the intermediate partition being connected to the chassis a way allowing slight transverse displacements and associated with transverse clamping cylinders.
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents the whole of an installation which comprises, from top to bottom in the casting direction, a dispensing container 1, a bottomless mold or ingot mold 2 surmounted by a distribution tank 3, and a secondary extraction and cooling device 4, consisting of a series of guide elements 40, the strips formed being wound on winding devices 18.
  • the metal is poured from a pocket from the steelworks and not shown in the drawings, into a dispensing container 1 of conventional type, adjustable in altitude and in the horizontal plane relative to the machine.
  • the distributor 1 is equipped with one or more pouring tubes 11 which plunge into the bath of liquid steel 6.
  • the pouring tube 11 penetrates inside the mold placed directly below the intermediate container .
  • a tank 3 is interposed between the mold 2 and the dispenser 1 and it is therefore inside the tank 3 that the bath of liquid metal in which the pouring tube 11 enters.
  • the flow rate is adjusted, for example by a stopper or a nozzle, so as to maintain the level 61 of the liquid steel at a height e] above the outlet orifice 12 of the tube 11 and at a safety distance e2 below the upper edge of the tank 3.
  • the mold 2 commonly called ingot mold, is constituted, in a conventional manner, by a frame 20 in the form of a rectangular frame on which the walls of the ingot mold are mounted. This usually comprises two longitudinal walls applied by clamping means 22 against transverse walls which limit the spacing of the longitudinal walls and therefore determine, in conventional installations, the thickness of the cast strip.
  • the tank 3 itself consists of a chassis 31 covered with refractory walls 32 limiting a rectangular cavity 33.
  • the chassis 31 of the tank 3 is provided with centering means 34 on the chassis 20 of the mold 2, the latter further comprising means 23 for removable fixing of the tank 3, for example elastic tie rods each consisting of a threaded rod 23 engaging in an orifice formed on a flange 35 fixed to the base of the chassis 31 of the tank 3 and onto which is tightened a tightening nut 24 applying to the flange 35 by means of Belleville washers.
  • elastic tie rods each consisting of a threaded rod 23 engaging in an orifice formed on a flange 35 fixed to the base of the chassis 31 of the tank 3 and onto which is tightened a tightening nut 24 applying to the flange 35 by means of Belleville washers.
  • the width e of the pouring cavity 33 must be large enough so that there is no solidification skin between the pouring tube 11 and the interior walls of the cavity 33. In practice, this width e must therefore have a minimum value of 200 to 250 mm.
  • the length of the cavity 33 is equal to the width of the cast strips and therefore to the distance between the transverse plates of the mold 2.
  • the meniscus constituting the free surface 61 of the steel bath 6 is covered with an isothermal powder having known properties in terms of trapping the inclusions contained in the liquid steel.
  • the height H of the tank 3 and the height h of metal maintained in the cavity 31 are determined as a function of the specific flow rate of the machine.
  • the refractory lining 32 of the tank 3 is strongly heated before casting and maintained at temperature during casting by means which are easy to conceive, such as, for example, a circulation of gas at high temperature in channels 36 formed in the refractory 32.
  • the heating is adjusted so as to maintain the metal at the casting temperature.
  • other means could be used, such as for example electric heating.
  • the mold 2 is divided into at least two parts by at least one intermediate partition 7.
  • Figure 1 there is shown, by way of example, a continuous casting installation of three strips 60 in which the ingot mold 2 and the guide elements 40 are divided into three parts each by two intermediate partitions 7.
  • FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale, a single intermediate partition 7 is shown, consequently determining two casting cavities 62 and 63.
  • Each casting cavity is limited at its two ends by transverse plates 26 of width 1 which are interposed between the opposite faces of the intermediate partition 7 and of the corresponding longitudinal wall 21.
  • the assembly is contained by plate-holding elements 25 clamped towards one another by the clamping means 22 bearing on the frame 20 of the mold.
  • the clamping means 22 bearing on the frame 20 of the mold.
  • one of the plate-carrying elements 250 is pressed directly against the frame 20 and the longitudinal wall 210 which it supports therefore constitutes the alignment reference of the machine, the other plate-carrying element 251 being pushed back by the clamping means. 22.
  • the steel poured inside the tank 3 and kept liquid by the heating thereof can be distributed between the cavities 62 and 63 in which two strips of steel are formed, the thickness of which is determined by the width 1 of the transverse plates 26 and the width by the spacing of the two transverse plates 26 placed at the two ends of the same cavity.
  • the width of the intermediate plates 26, and consequently the spacing of the longitudinal walls 21 it is possible to modify the thickness of the cast strips 60.
  • each longitudinal wall 21 can be constituted in a conventional manner and covered, for example, inwards, by an internal plate or friction plate 27, generally made of copper and, outwards, by an external plate 28 in which are provided with cooling water circulation channels.
  • each intermediate partition 7 consists of a central core 71 parallel to the longitudinal walls 21 and carrying, on either side, two plates 72 for supporting the friction plates 73 placed opposite the corresponding plates 27 of the walls longitudinal. Inside the core 71 are formed channels 74 for circulation of a heat transfer fluid connected to the supply and discharge circuit of the cooling fluid.
  • the longitudinal walls 21 and the intermediate partitions 7 are provided at their upper part with devices 8 making it possible to delay solidification.
  • the device 8 comprises a U-shaped part 80 which covers the upper part of the assembly formed by the central core 71 and the support plates 72. From part and other of these, the part 8 is provided with flanks 81 which descend along the support plates 72 decreasing in thickness and are themselves covered by the friction plates 73 which rise to the upper level of the ingot mold. In this way, the sides 81 create a thermal screen between the central part of the intermediate partition and the friction plate 73, the efficiency of this screen gradually decreasing up to a height e3 below the level of the plane P of junction. of the mold with the distribution tank. Thanks to this heat shield, the steel remains liquid substantially up to the lower level P ′ of the sides 81. On the other hand, from this level, the cooling of the friction plates 73 is ensured and it is formed, in a conventional manner, a skin of solidified metal 64 whose thickness gradually increases as the metal advances downward, the core of the strip 60 remaining liquid.
  • each longitudinal wall 21 is capped at its upper part by a head 82 provided with sides 83 which descend along the support walls 21 to the level P ', in interposed between said support walls and the friction plates 27. It therefore follows that the solidified skin 64 is formed along the friction plates 27 only from the lower level P 'of the sides 81 forming a heat shield.
  • edge 84 consisting of a profiled element made of porous material covering the whole of the partition 7 and, preferably, of rounded shape at its upper part so as to direct the steel contained in the distribution tank 3 towards the two casting cavities 62 and 63.
  • the porous border 84 covers channels 85 formed hollow in the head 8 and supplied under pressure by a neutral gas which passes through the border 84 in the manner indicated by arrows.
  • a neutral gas which passes through the border 84 in the manner indicated by arrows.
  • the neutral gas will be introduced before casting and will be brought to high temperature so as to heat the edge 84 before casting and then to maintain its temperature during casting.
  • slots 86 are left into which open channels 87 formed inside the head 80 and supplied with a mist of lubricant under sufficient pressure to overcome the static pressure at this level.
  • the slots 86 may be only a few tenths of a millimeter thick. The injection of this lubricating mist avoids the attachment of liquid steel.
  • the arrangements which have just been described are applied symmetrically with respect to the vertical axis of the intermediate partition 7.
  • similar arrangements are provided for at the upper part of the walls. longitudinal 21.
  • the upper edge of the part 82 covering the longitudinal wall 21 is constituted by a projecting part 87 which engages in a groove 35 formed on the underside of the distribution tank 3, in the thickness of the refractory 32.
  • the lower part of each longitudinal wall of the distribution tank 3 is constituted by an edge made of porous material 36 and, according to an advantageous arrangement, this forms a descending lip constituting the internal side of the groove 35.
  • the bottom of the groove 35 is separated from the top of the upper edge 87 of the longitudinal wall by a space into which a neutral gas is injected under pressure which passes through the porous border 36 as indicated by arrows in FIG. 2, this injection of neutral gas having the effect indicated for the intermediate partition 7.
  • a slot 86 a few tenths of a millimeter thick is left between the lower edge of the edge 36 and the upper edge of the friction plate 27 and is connected to a channel 87 formed in the part 82 and through which a mist can be injected under pressure lubricant.
  • the flow of the steel kept liquid inside the distribution tank 3 is thus suitably diverted between the casting cavities 62 and 63, the solidification starting, as we have seen, at level P 'on all longitudinal sides of the cast strips.
  • the plate-holding elements 25 are isolated from the longitudinal walls 21 by interposing elastic elements 250 and by placing vibrators 210 on the external parts of the longitudinal walls 21. These vibrating elements 210 transmit vibration energy to all of the elements constituting the mold either directly or indirectly through the casting strips and end tabs which determine the edges.
  • the cooling channels are arranged parallel to the width of the strip and connected in series. They are advantageously distributed in two separate zones superimposed for each plate, each of these zones being controlled in flow, pressure and temperature.
  • the upper zone is arranged substantially between the levels P and P 'of the mold. It makes it possible in particular to control the heat exchange or at least the variations in heat exchange between the refractory 32 of the distribution tank 3 and the ingot mold.
  • the lower edge of the mold and, in general, all the lower ends of the cooling elements are provided with teeth ensuring better support for the strip.
  • Each secondary cooling element 40 is supported by a ring-shaped frame 41 carrying two outer plates 42 and intermediate plates 43 placed in the extension of the intermediate partitions and in number equal to them.
  • One of the outer plates 420 constitutes the reference alignment of the secondary cooling element and is placed in alignment with the longitudinal wall 210 of the mold.
  • the outer plates 42 are suspended from the frame 41 by connecting rods 44, as are the intermediate plates 43 whose suspension connecting rods, placed outside the plane of the figure, have not been shown.
  • the intermediate plates and the external plates 42 are kept apart by intermediate plates which fix the strip thicknesses and therefore have widths corresponding to those of the interleaves 26 of the ingot mold.
  • the assembly is balanced and held in the high position by four hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders 13 bearing on the foundation block 14.
  • four hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders 13 bearing on the foundation block 14.
  • FIG. 1 only the suspension of the lowest guide element has been shown for simplicity .
  • each guide element is also connected to the foundation block 14 by extraction cylinders 15, the body of which is articulated on the block 14 and the rod on the chassis 41. All of the cylinders are supplied by a device 9 allowing synchronization of the tightening of the plates with the displacement of the extraction cylinders 15.
  • the balancing cylinders 13 are supplied with permanent pressure by a pressure accumulator 91.
  • a hydraulic unit 92 supplies, by a network 93 the extraction cylinders 15 and by a network 94 the clamping cylinders 45.
  • An automatic mechanism 95 easy to design and not shown in detail in the drawings allows synchronization of the movements controlled by the jacks.
  • Each cage-shaped guide element in fact has an alternating reciprocating movement controlled by its extraction jacks 15. The cage is clamped by its jacks 45 during the downward movement and must be loosened during the ascent. During this upward movement, it is preferable to avoid the friction of the plates against the strip. To this end, as shown in FIG.
  • each plate of the guide cage is provided at its upper part and over a certain height, with orifices 46 connected to a network 47 for supplying compressed air.
  • a network 47 for supplying compressed air.
  • the plates are provided with water circulation channels 48 supplied by a network 49 provided with regulation valves making it possible to regulate the flow rate and the pressure of the water and therefore the cooling temperature.
  • the secondary cooling device comprises at least two extraction and guide cages so that there is always at least one cage engaged on the strips regardless of the open position of the other cages.
  • the start of the casting is carried out as on a conventional machine by mannequins corresponding to each of the casting bands.
  • a corresponding number of bands for example three bands in the case shown in FIG. 1.
  • the casting and the extraction are common to the three bands
  • the strips are oriented by deflectors 16 towards roller tables 17 which direct each strip towards a winding mandrel 18.
  • each of the lines must be equipped with two winders 180, 181 associated with roller tables 170, 171 and a switching roller 172 making it possible to orient the strip towards one or the other. rewinders.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

Machine for the continuous casting of metal in the form of at least two separate strips, comprising a tundish (1) supplied with liquid metal, a bottomless mold (2) supplied continuously by the tundish (1), and an extraction and secondary cooling device (4). The liquid metal is poured into a distributor vessel (3) interposed between the tundish (1) and the mold (2), the vessel (3) placed on the mold (2), secured to the latter and equipped with means of maintaining the metal at the casting temperature.

Description

L'invention a pour objet une machine de coulée continue de métal sous forme d'au moins deux bandes d'épaisseur relativement faible par exemple de l'ordre de 20 à 70 mm, et de largeur importante, pouvant aller par exemple jusqu'à 2 métres.The subject of the invention is a continuous metal casting machine in the form of at least two strips of relatively small thickness, for example of the order of 20 to 70 mm, and of large width, which can range for example up to 2 meters.

La coulée continue du métal et notamment de l'acier est maintenant parvenue à un stade industriel et permet de couler non seulement des barres, appelées souvent billettes, mais également des brames, c'est-à-dire des plaques de métal de largeur importante, pouvant dépasser 2 mètres par exemple.The continuous casting of metal and in particular steel has now reached an industrial stage and makes it possible to cast not only bars, often called billets, but also slabs, that is to say metal plates of large width , which can exceed 2 meters for example.

D'une façon générale, une installation de coulée continue comprend, dans le sens de la coulée, un récipient distributeur destiné à recevoir le métal liquide venant de l'aciérie dans des poches, un moule sans fond et un dispositif d'extraction et de refroidissement secondaire.In general, a continuous casting installation comprises, in the direction of casting, a distributor container intended to receive the liquid metal coming from the steelworks in pockets, a bottomless mold and a device for extracting and secondary cooling.

Le récipient distributeur sert à assurer la continuité de la coulée, notamment lors du remplacement d'une poche parvenue en fin de coulée. Le moule sans fond, placé audessous du récipient distributeur et alimenté en continu à partir de celui-ci, est constitué de deux parois longitudinales paralléles et de deux parois transversales montées sur un châssis et limitant une cavité de coulée de section rectangulaire pour la coulée de brames, les grands côtés étant constitués par les parois longitudinales et les petits côtés par les parois transversales. Les parois du moule sont limitées vers l'intérieur par une plaque de contact avec le métal, généralement en cuivre, appelée aussi "plaque de frottement". Au moins les parois longitudinales sont munies d'un système de refroidissement constitué, normalement, de canaux de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur, généralement de l'eau, le long de la face interne de la plaque de contact. De ce fait, il se forme le long des plaques de contact refroidies une peau solidifiée dont l'épaisseur augmente progressivement vers le bas et à l'intérieur de laquelle est maintenu le métal liquide, ce qui permet d'extraire par le fond du moule un ruban de métal dont la section transversale correspond à celle du moule. Pour éviter que le métal n'adhère aux plaques de contact, le moule est généralement soumis à un léger mouvement d'oscillation, qui peut être provoqué par des mécanismes divers et bien connus.The dispensing container is used to ensure the continuity of the pouring, in particular when replacing a bag which has reached the end of the pouring. The bottomless mold, placed below the dispensing container and fed continuously therefrom, consists of two parallel longitudinal walls and two transverse walls mounted on a frame and limiting a rectangular section pouring cavity for the pouring of slabs, the long sides consisting of the longitudinal walls and the short sides of the transverse walls. The walls of the mold are bounded inward by a metal contact plate, generally made of copper, also called a "friction plate". At least the longitudinal walls are provided with a cooling system normally consisting of channels for circulation of a heat-transfer fluid, generally water, along the internal face of the contact plate. As a result, a solidified skin is formed along the cooled contact plates, the thickness of which gradually increases towards the bottom and inside which the liquid metal is kept, which makes it possible to extract from the bottom of the mold. a metal ribbon whose cross section corresponds to that of the mold. To prevent the metal from sticking to the contact plates, the mold is generally subjected to a slight oscillating movement, which can be caused by various and well-known mechanisms.

Le ruban de métal sortant par le fond du moule passe alors dans un dispositif de refroidissement secondaire constitué généralement d'une série d'éléments de guidage formant un couloir placé dans le prolongement du moule et de même section que celui-ci, chaque élément de guidage étant muni de moyens de maintien et de refroidissement de la bande de métal. D'autre part, pour faciliter l'extraction de la bande de métal, au moins certains éléments de guidage sont munis de moyens exerçant une traction sur la bande.The metal strip exiting through the bottom of the mold then passes through a secondary cooling device generally consisting of a series of guide elements forming a passage placed in the extension of the mold and of the same section as the latter, each element of guide being provided with means for holding and cooling the metal strip. On the other hand, to facilitate the extraction of the metal strip, at least some guide elements are provided with means exerting traction on the strip.

A l'origine, les machines de coulée continue travaillaient uniquement verticalement, puis l'on a réalisé des machines de coulée courbes dans lesquelles le dispositif de refroidissement secondaire réalise un redressement à l'horizontale de la bande de métal de façon à découper facilement celle-ci en brames susceptibles d'être ensuite laminées de façon conventionnelle.Originally, continuous casting machines worked only vertically, then curved casting machines were produced in which the secondary cooling device straightens the metal strip horizontally so as to easily cut that -this into slabs which can then be rolled in a conventional manner.

Les machines connues comportent des moyens de réglage des dimensions du produit coulé, notamment par déplacement des parois longitudinales pour le réglage de l'épaisseur et des parois transversales pour le réglage de la largeur de la bande. Cependant, les possibilités de réglage restent limitées, chaque machine étant prévue pour la coulée de prod'uits d'une certaine catégorie. On a toutefois prévu (US-A-4.562.876) de oouler en même temps plusieurs barres de faible largeur à partir d'une machine-prévue pour la coulée de brames, en divisant la cavité du moule par des cloisons transversales écartées les u'nes des autres dans le sens longitudinal de façon à ménager plusieurs cavités juxtaposées ayant chacune l'épaisseur correspondant à la distance entre les parois longitudinales. Pour des raisons diverses, cette épaisseur doit rester, dans les machines connues, relativement importante, d'au moins 100 mm par exemple. De telles machines ne peuvent donc pas être utilisées pour la coulée continue de bandes d'épaisseur relativement faible.Known machines include means for adjusting the dimensions of the cast product, in particular by moving the longitudinal walls for adjusting the thickness and the transverse walls for adjusting the width of the strip. However, the adjustment possibilities remain limited, each machine being provided for the casting of products of a certain category. However, provision has been made (US-A-4,562,876) to roll several small bars at the same time from a machine-provided for casting slabs, by dividing the mold cavity by transverse partitions spaced apart. 'nes of the others in the longitudinal direction so as to provide several juxtaposed cavities each having the thickness corresponding to the distance between the longitudinal walls. For various reasons, this thickness must remain, in known machines, relatively large, at least 100 mm for example. Such machines cannot therefore be used for the continuous casting of strips of relatively small thickness.

A cet effet, on a déjà proposé différents systèmes. Par exemple, dans le brevet français no 69 45 157, le métal est introduit de bas en haut entre deux cylindres refroidis constituant les deux' parois du moule dans lequel se forme la bande, celle-ci restant appliquée contre l'un des cylindres jusqu'à solidification. De tels systèmes posent de multiples problèmes et ne sont pas parvenus au stade industriel.To this end, various systems have already been proposed. For example, in French patent no. 69 45 157, the metal is introduced from the bottom up between two cooled cylinders constituting the two 'walls of the mold in which the strip is formed, the latter remaining applied against one of the cylinders up to 'to solidification. Such systems pose multiple problems and have not reached the industrial stage.

Pour éviter les inconvénients présentés par la mise au point de machines de type nouveau, l'invention a pour objet une nouvelle disposition permettant de réaliser des bandes minces sur une machine du type conventionnel décrit précédemment et dont, par conséquent, le fonctionnement est bien connu.To avoid the drawbacks presented by the development of new type machines, the invention relates to a new arrangement making it possible to produce thin strips on a machine of the conventional type described above and whose operation is therefore well known. .

Conformément à l'invention, le métal liquide est déversé dans une cuve d'e répartition interposée entre le récipient distributeur et le moule, ladite cuve étant posée sur le moule, solidarisée avec ce dernier, et équipée de moyens de maintien du métal à la température de coulée; le moule est divisé en au moins deux cavités de coulée parallèles délimitées par au moins une plaque intermédiaire interposée entre les parois longitudinales du moule et s'étendant paralléle- ment à ces dernières entre les deux plaques transversales, la plaque intermédiaire étant munie sur ses deux faces de moyens de refroidissement superficiels; le métal déversé dans la cuve de répartition se répartit don centre les deux cavités parallèles pour la formation de deux bandes dont l'épaisseur correspond à l'écart entre la plaque intermédiaire et la paroi longitudinale correspondante et au moins le premier élément de guidage placé audessous du moule est divisé longitudinalement en au moins deux cavités paralléles munies chacune de moyens de refroidisse- men't et de traction des bandes sortant des cavités correspondantes du moule.In accordance with the invention, the liquid metal is poured into a distribution tank interposed between the dispensing container and the mold, said tank being placed on the mold, secured to the latter, and equipped with means for holding the metal at the casting temperature; the mold is divided into at least two parallel casting cavities delimited by at least one intermediate plate interposed between the longitudinal walls of the mold and extending parallel to the latter between the two transverse plates, the intermediate plate being provided on its two faces of surface cooling means; the metal poured into the distribution tank is distributed in the center of the two parallel cavities for the formation of two strips whose thickness corresponds to the distance between the intermediate plate and the corresponding longitudinal wall and at least the first guide element placed below of the mold is divided longitudinally in at least two parallel cavities each provided with means for cooling and pulling the strips leaving the corresponding cavities of the mold.

De préférence, la cuve de répartition est limitée par des parois longitudinales et transversales placées respectivement dans le prolongement de celles du moule.Preferably, the distribution tank is limited by longitudinal and transverse walls respectively placed in line with those of the mold.

De façon particulièrement avantageuse, le moule et la cloison intermédiaire sont munis à leur partie supérieure de moyens de retardement du début de solidification jusqu'à un niveau inférieur au plan de jonction entre le moule et la cuve de répartition.In a particularly advantageous manner, the mold and the intermediate partition are provided at their upper part with means for delaying the start of solidification to a level below the junction plane between the mold and the distribution tank.

Ces moyens de retardement peuvent comprendre un écran thermique placé à la partie supérieure de chaque paroi longitudinale du moule et sur les deux faces de la cloison intermédiaire, ledit écran étant interposé entre le système de refroidissement et la plaque interne de contact avec le métal et s'étendant sur toute la largeur de la cavité de coulée et jusqu'au niveau voulu pour le début de solidification.These delaying means may include a heat shield placed at the top of each longitudinal wall of the mold and on both sides of the intermediate partition, said shield being interposed between the cooling system and the internal plate for contact with the metal and s 'extending over the entire width of the casting cavity and up to the level desired for the start of solidification.

Par ailleurs, la cloison intermédiaire est avantageusement munie, le long de sa tranche supérieure, d'une bordure constituée d'un profilé en matière poreuse et susceptible d'être traversé par un gaz inerte injecté à partir de canaux recouverts par ladite bordure et alimentés en gaz sous pression qui peut être préalablement chauffé à très haute température. De même, la cuve de répartition est munie le long des bords inférieurs de ses parois longitudinales, de deux bordures constituées deprofilés en matière poreuse susceptibles d'être traversés par un gaz inerte injecté à partir de canaux recouverts par lesdites bordures et ali- mentès en gaz sous pression.Furthermore, the intermediate partition is advantageously provided, along its upper edge, with an edge constituted by a profile of porous material and capable of being traversed by an inert gas injected from channels covered by said edge and supplied in pressurized gas which can be preheated to a very high temperature. Likewise, the distribution tank is provided along the lower edges of its longitudinal walls, with two edges made up of profiles of porous material capable of being traversed by an inert gas injected from channels covered by said edges and fed in gas under pressure.

Dans un mode de réalisation préférentiel, la bordure en matière poreuse de chaque paroi longitudinale de la cuve de répartition forme une lévre descendante écartée de la partie inférieure de la paroi par un espace en forme de rainure dans lequel vient s'emboîter le bord supérieur de la plaque interne de la paroi longitudinale du moule, celuici étant ménagé en saillie au-dessus du plan de joint entre la cuve de répartition et le moule, le fond de la rainure étant séparé du sommet du bord supérieur par un espace alimenté en gaz inerte sous pression et constituant le canal d'injection du gaz inerte à travers la bordure poreuse.In a preferred embodiment, the edge of porous material of each longitudinal wall of the distribution tank forms a descending lip separated from the lower part of the wall by a groove-shaped space into which the upper edge of the internal plate of the longitudinal wall of the mold, this being arranged projecting above the joint plane between the distribution tank and the mold, the bottom of the groove being separated from the top of the upper edge by a space supplied with inert gas under pressure and constituting the inert gas injection channel through the porous border.

En ce qui concerne le dispositif de refroidissement secondaire, au moins le premier élément de guidage est avantageusement constitué par un châssis en forme de cage dans lequel sont montées deux plaques longitudinales et au moins une cloison intermédiaire placées respectivement dans le prolongement des plaques longitudinales et de la cloison intermédiaire du moule et munies de systèmes de refroidissement des faces en contact avec le métal, l'une des plaques longitudinales servant de référence, fixée sur le châssis et l'autre plaque longitudinale ainsi que la cloison intermédiaire étant reliées au châssis d'une façon permettant de légers déplacements transversaux et associés à des vérins de serrage transversaux.With regard to the secondary cooling device, at least the first guide element is advantageously constituted by a cage-shaped chassis in which are mounted two longitudinal plates and at least one intermediate partition placed respectively in the extension of the longitudinal plates and of the intermediate partition of the mold and provided with systems for cooling the faces in contact with the metal, one of the longitudinal plates serving as a reference, fixed on the chassis and the other longitudinal plate as well as the intermediate partition being connected to the chassis a way allowing slight transverse displacements and associated with transverse clamping cylinders.

Mais l'invention sera mieux comprise par la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation donné à titre d'exemple et représenté sur les dessins annexés.

  • - La figure 1 est une vue schématique de l'ensemble d'une installation de coulée selon l'invention, en coupe transversale par un plan perpendiculaire à celui des bandes.
  • - La figure 2 est une vue de détail, à échelle agrandie, de la partie supérieure du moule.
  • - La figure 3 est une vue de détail, en coupe transversale au plan des bandes, d'un élément de guidage du dispositif de refroidissement secondaire.
  • - La figure 4 est une vue en coupe selon le plan IV-IV de la figure 3.
However, the invention will be better understood from the following description of an embodiment given by way of example and shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • - Figure 1 is a schematic view of the assembly of a casting installation according to the invention, in cross section through a plane perpendicular to that of the strips.
  • - Figure 2 is a detail view, on an enlarged scale, of the upper part of the mold.
  • - Figure 3 is a detail view, in cross section at the plane of the strips, of a guide element of the secondary cooling device.
  • - Figure 4 is a sectional view along the plane IV-IV of Figure 3.

Sur la figure 1, on a représenté schématiquement l'ensemble d'une installation qui comprend, de haut en bas dans le sens de coulée, un récipient distributeur 1, un moule ou lingotière sans fond 2 surmonté d'une cuve de répartition 3, et un dispositif d'extraction et de refroidissement secondaire 4, constitué d'une série d'éléments de guidage 40, les bandes formées étant enroulées sur des dispositifs de bobinage 18.FIG. 1 schematically represents the whole of an installation which comprises, from top to bottom in the casting direction, a dispensing container 1, a bottomless mold or ingot mold 2 surmounted by a distribution tank 3, and a secondary extraction and cooling device 4, consisting of a series of guide elements 40, the strips formed being wound on winding devices 18.

La coulée du métal se fait, à partir d'une poche venant de l'aciérie et non représentée sur les dessins, dans un récipient distributeur 1 de type conventionnel, réglable en altitude et dans le plan horizontal-par rapport à la machine.The metal is poured from a pocket from the steelworks and not shown in the drawings, into a dispensing container 1 of conventional type, adjustable in altitude and in the horizontal plane relative to the machine.

Le distributeur 1 est équipé d'un ou plusieurs tubes de coulée 11 qui plongent dans le bain d'acier liquide 6. Dans les installations classiques, le tube de coulée 11 pénétre à l'intérieur du moule placé directement au-dessous du récipient intermédiaire. Dans invention, au contraire, une cuve 3 est interposée entre le moule 2 et le distributeur 1 et c'est donc à l'intérieur de la cuve 3 qu'est ménagé le bain de métal liquide dans lequel pénètre le tube de coulée 11. De façon bien connue, le débit de coulée est réglé, par exemple par une quenouille ou une busette, de façon à maintenir le niveau 61 de l'acier liquide à une hauteur e] au-dessus de l'orifice de sortie 12 du tube de coulée 11 et à une distance de sécurité e2 au-dessous du bord supérieur de la cuve 3.The distributor 1 is equipped with one or more pouring tubes 11 which plunge into the bath of liquid steel 6. In conventional installations, the pouring tube 11 penetrates inside the mold placed directly below the intermediate container . In the invention, on the contrary, a tank 3 is interposed between the mold 2 and the dispenser 1 and it is therefore inside the tank 3 that the bath of liquid metal in which the pouring tube 11 enters. As is well known, the flow rate is adjusted, for example by a stopper or a nozzle, so as to maintain the level 61 of the liquid steel at a height e] above the outlet orifice 12 of the tube 11 and at a safety distance e2 below the upper edge of the tank 3.

Le moule 2 appelé communément lingotière, est constitué, de façon classique, par un châssis 20 en forme de cadre rectangulaire sur lequel sont montées les parois de la lingotière. Celle-ci comprend habituellement deux paroies longitudinales appliquées par des moyens de serrage 22 contre des parois transversales qui limitent l'écartement des parois longitudinales et déterminent donc, dans les installations classiques, l'épaisseur de la bande coulée.The mold 2 commonly called ingot mold, is constituted, in a conventional manner, by a frame 20 in the form of a rectangular frame on which the walls of the ingot mold are mounted. This usually comprises two longitudinal walls applied by clamping means 22 against transverse walls which limit the spacing of the longitudinal walls and therefore determine, in conventional installations, the thickness of the cast strip.

La cuve 3 est constituée elle-même d'un châssis 31 recouvert de parois réfractaires 32 limitant une cavité rectangulaire 33. Le châssis 31 de la cuve 3 est muni de moyens de centrage 34 sur le châssis 20 de la lingotière 2, celle-ci comprenant d'autre part des moyens 23 de fixation amovibles de la cuve 3, par exemple des tirants élastiques constitués chacun d'une tige filetée 23 s'engageant dans un orifice ménagé sur une bride 35 fixée à la base du châssis 31 de la cuve 3 et sur laquelle est vissé un écrou de serrage 24 s'appliquant sur la bride 35 par l'intermédiaire de rondelles Belleville. De la sorte, on peut assurer le centrage et la solidarisa- tion de la cuve 3 avec la lingotiére 2 tout en permettant une libre dilatation.The tank 3 itself consists of a chassis 31 covered with refractory walls 32 limiting a rectangular cavity 33. The chassis 31 of the tank 3 is provided with centering means 34 on the chassis 20 of the mold 2, the latter further comprising means 23 for removable fixing of the tank 3, for example elastic tie rods each consisting of a threaded rod 23 engaging in an orifice formed on a flange 35 fixed to the base of the chassis 31 of the tank 3 and onto which is tightened a tightening nut 24 applying to the flange 35 by means of Belleville washers. In this way, it is possible to ensure centering and securing of the tank 3 with the mold 2 while allowing free expansion.

La largeur e de la cavité de coulée 33 doit être assez importante pour qu'il n'y ait pas de peau de solidification entre le tube de coulée 11 et les parois intérieures de la cavité 33. En pratique, cette largeur e devra donc avoir une valeur minimale de 200 à 250 mm.The width e of the pouring cavity 33 must be large enough so that there is no solidification skin between the pouring tube 11 and the interior walls of the cavity 33. In practice, this width e must therefore have a minimum value of 200 to 250 mm.

La longueur de la cavité 33 est égale à la largeur des bandes coulées et par conséquent à la distance entre les plaques transversales de la lingotiére 2.The length of the cavity 33 is equal to the width of the cast strips and therefore to the distance between the transverse plates of the mold 2.

De façon connue, le ménisque constituant la surface libre 61 du bain d'acier 6 est recouvert d'une poudre isothermique ayant des propriétés connues en matière de piégeage des inclusions contenues dans l'acier liquide.In known manner, the meniscus constituting the free surface 61 of the steel bath 6 is covered with an isothermal powder having known properties in terms of trapping the inclusions contained in the liquid steel.

La hauteur H de la cuve 3 et la hauteur h de métal maintenue dans la cavité 31 sont déterminées en fonction du débit spécifique de la machine.The height H of the tank 3 and the height h of metal maintained in the cavity 31 are determined as a function of the specific flow rate of the machine.

Selon l'une des caractéristiques essentielles de l'invention' le garnissage réfractaire 32 de la cuve 3 est fortement chauffé avant la coulée et maintenu en température pendant la coulée par des moyens faciles à concevoir, comme, par exemple, une circulation de gaz à haute température dans des canaux 36 ménagés dans le réfractaire 32. Le chauffage est réglé de façon à maintenir le métal à la température de coulée. Bien entendu, d'autres moyens pourraient être utilisés, comme par exemple un chauffage électrique.According to one of the essential characteristics of the invention, the refractory lining 32 of the tank 3 is strongly heated before casting and maintained at temperature during casting by means which are easy to conceive, such as, for example, a circulation of gas at high temperature in channels 36 formed in the refractory 32. The heating is adjusted so as to maintain the metal at the casting temperature. Of course, other means could be used, such as for example electric heating.

Selon une autre caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, la lingotiére 2 est divisée en au moins deux parties par au moins une cloison intermédiaire 7. Sur la figure 1, on a représenté, à titre d'exemple, une installation de coulée continue de trois bandes 60 dans laquelle la lingotière 2 et les éléments de guidage 40 sont divisés en trois parties chacun par deux cloisons intermédiaires 7. Pour plus de simplicité, sur la figure 2 à échelle agrandie, on a représenté une seule cloison intermédiaire 7 déterminant par conséquent deux cavités de coulée 62 et 63.According to another essential characteristic of the invention, the mold 2 is divided into at least two parts by at least one intermediate partition 7. In Figure 1, there is shown, by way of example, a continuous casting installation of three strips 60 in which the ingot mold 2 and the guide elements 40 are divided into three parts each by two intermediate partitions 7. For simplicity, in FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale, a single intermediate partition 7 is shown, consequently determining two casting cavities 62 and 63.

Chaque cavité de coulée est limitée à ses deux extrémités par des plaques transversales 26 de largeur 1 qui sont interposées entre les faces en regard de la cloison intermédiaire 7 et de la paroi longitudinale 21 correspondante. De façon classique, l'ensemble est contenu par des éléments porteplaques 25 serrés l'un vers l'autre par les moyens de serrage 22 prenant appui sur le châs- si.s 20 de la lingotière. De préférence, l'un des éléments porteplaque 250 est plaqué directement contre le châssis 20 et la paroi longitudinale 210 qu'il supporte constitue donc la référence d'alignement de la machine, l'autre élément porteplaque 251 étant repoussé par les moyens de serrage 22.Each casting cavity is limited at its two ends by transverse plates 26 of width 1 which are interposed between the opposite faces of the intermediate partition 7 and of the corresponding longitudinal wall 21. Conventionally, the assembly is contained by plate-holding elements 25 clamped towards one another by the clamping means 22 bearing on the frame 20 of the mold. Preferably, one of the plate-carrying elements 250 is pressed directly against the frame 20 and the longitudinal wall 210 which it supports therefore constitutes the alignment reference of the machine, the other plate-carrying element 251 being pushed back by the clamping means. 22.

On voit donc que l'acier coulé à l'intérieur de la cuve 3 et maintenu liquide par le chauffage de celle-ci peut se répartir entre les cavités 62 et 63 dans lesquelles se forment deux bandes d'acier, dont l'épaisseur est déterminée par la largeur 1 des plaques transversales 26 et la largeur par l'espacement des deux plaques transversales 26 placées aux deux extrémités d'une même cavité. En changeant la largeur des plaques intercalaires 26, et par conséquent l'espacement des parois longitudinales 21, on peut modifier l'épaisseur des bandes coulées 60.It can therefore be seen that the steel poured inside the tank 3 and kept liquid by the heating thereof can be distributed between the cavities 62 and 63 in which two strips of steel are formed, the thickness of which is determined by the width 1 of the transverse plates 26 and the width by the spacing of the two transverse plates 26 placed at the two ends of the same cavity. By changing the width of the intermediate plates 26, and consequently the spacing of the longitudinal walls 21, it is possible to modify the thickness of the cast strips 60.

Les moyens qui permettent de régler les dimensions de la cavité de coulée sont nombreux et bien connus; il n'est donc pas nécessaire de les décrire en détail.The means which make it possible to adjust the dimensions of the casting cavity are numerous and well known; it is therefore not necessary to describe them in detail.

De même, chaque paroi longitudinale 21 peut être constituée de façon classique et recouverte, par exemple, vers l'intérieur, par une plaque interne ou plaque de frottement 27, généralement en cuivre et, vers l'extérieur, par une plaque extérieure 28 dans laquelle sont ménagés des canaux de circulation d'eau de refroidissement.Likewise, each longitudinal wall 21 can be constituted in a conventional manner and covered, for example, inwards, by an internal plate or friction plate 27, generally made of copper and, outwards, by an external plate 28 in which are provided with cooling water circulation channels.

De façon analogue, chaque cloison intermédiaire 7 est constituée d'une âme centrale 71 parallèle aux parois longitudinales 21 et portant, de part et d'autre, deux plaques 72 de support des plaques de frottement 73 placées en regard des plaques correspondantes 27 des parois longitudinales. A l'intérieur de l'âme 71 sont ménagés des canaux 74 de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur reliés au circuit d'alimentation'et d'évacuation du fluide de refroidissement.Similarly, each intermediate partition 7 consists of a central core 71 parallel to the longitudinal walls 21 and carrying, on either side, two plates 72 for supporting the friction plates 73 placed opposite the corresponding plates 27 of the walls longitudinal. Inside the core 71 are formed channels 74 for circulation of a heat transfer fluid connected to the supply and discharge circuit of the cooling fluid.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse del'invention, les parois longitudinales 21 et les cloisons intermédiaires 7 sont munies à leur partie supérieure de dispositifs 8 permettant de retarder la solidification.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the longitudinal walls 21 and the intermediate partitions 7 are provided at their upper part with devices 8 making it possible to delay solidification.

Si l'on se référe, par exemple, à la cloison intermédiaire 7, le dispositif 8 comprend une pièce en U 80 qui coiffe la partie supérieure de l'ensemble constitué par l'âme centrale 71 et les plaques support 72. De part et d'autre de celles-ci, la pièce 8 est munie de flancs 81 qui descendent le long des plaques de support 72 en diminuant d'épaisseur et sont elles-mêmes recouvertes par les plaques de frottement 73 qui montent jusqu'au niveau supérieur de la lingotiére. De la sorte, les flancs 81 créent un écran thermique entre la partie centrale de la cloison intermédiaire et la plaque de frottement 73, l'efficacité de cet écran diminuant progressivement jusqu'à une hauteur e3 au-dessous du niveau du plan P de jonction de la lingotiére avec la cuve de répartition. Grâce à cet écran thermique, l'acier reste liquide sensiblement jusqu'au niveau inférieur P' des flancs 81. En revanche, à partir de ce niveau, le refroidissement des plaques de frottement 73 est assuré et il se forme, de façon classique, une peau de métal solidifié 64 dont l'épaisseur augmente progressivement au fur et à mesure de l'avancement du métal vers le bas, le coeur de la bande 60 restant liquide.If one refers, for example, to the intermediate partition 7, the device 8 comprises a U-shaped part 80 which covers the upper part of the assembly formed by the central core 71 and the support plates 72. From part and other of these, the part 8 is provided with flanks 81 which descend along the support plates 72 decreasing in thickness and are themselves covered by the friction plates 73 which rise to the upper level of the ingot mold. In this way, the sides 81 create a thermal screen between the central part of the intermediate partition and the friction plate 73, the efficiency of this screen gradually decreasing up to a height e3 below the level of the plane P of junction. of the mold with the distribution tank. Thanks to this heat shield, the steel remains liquid substantially up to the lower level P ′ of the sides 81. On the other hand, from this level, the cooling of the friction plates 73 is ensured and it is formed, in a conventional manner, a skin of solidified metal 64 whose thickness gradually increases as the metal advances downward, the core of the strip 60 remaining liquid.

D'une façon analogue, chaque paroi longitudinale 21 est coiffée à sa partie supérieure par une tête 82 munie de flancs 83 qui descendent le long des parois de support 21 jusqu'au niveau P', en s'interposant entre lesdites parois de support et les plaques de frottement 27. Il en résulte donc que la peau solidifiée 64 se forme le long des plaques de frottement 27 seulement à partir du niveau inférieur P' des flancs 81 formant écran thermique.Similarly, each longitudinal wall 21 is capped at its upper part by a head 82 provided with sides 83 which descend along the support walls 21 to the level P ', in interposed between said support walls and the friction plates 27. It therefore follows that the solidified skin 64 is formed along the friction plates 27 only from the lower level P 'of the sides 81 forming a heat shield.

Si l'on revient maintenant à la cloison intermédiaire 7, on voit que celle-ci est munie le long de sa tranche supérieure d'une bordure 84 constituée d'un élément profilé en matière poreuse recouvrant l'ensemble de la cloison 7 et, de préférence, de forme arrondie à sa partie supérieure de façon à diriger l'acier contenu dans la cuve de répartition 3 vers les deux cavités de coulée 62 et 63.If we now return to the intermediate partition 7, it can be seen that the latter is provided along its upper edge with an edge 84 consisting of a profiled element made of porous material covering the whole of the partition 7 and, preferably, of rounded shape at its upper part so as to direct the steel contained in the distribution tank 3 towards the two casting cavities 62 and 63.

La bordure poreuse 84 recouvre des canaux 85 ménagés en creux dans la tête 8 et alimentés sous pression par un gaz neutre qui passe à travers la bordure 84 de la façon indiquée par des flèches. Cette injection d'un gaz neutre dans le métal facilite la décantation des inclusions et permet d'éviter que l'acier ne colle à la surface de la cloison intermédiaire, ce qui pourrait produire un engraissement à l'entrée de la cavité de coulée et, à terme, obturer celle-ci. De préférence, le gaz neutre sera introduit avant la coulée et sera porté à haute température de façon à chauffer la bordure 84 avant la coulée puis à maintenir sa température pendant la coulée.The porous border 84 covers channels 85 formed hollow in the head 8 and supplied under pressure by a neutral gas which passes through the border 84 in the manner indicated by arrows. This injection of a neutral gas into the metal facilitates the settling of the inclusions and makes it possible to prevent the steel from sticking to the surface of the intermediate partition, which could produce a fattening at the entrance of the casting cavity and , eventually, close it. Preferably, the neutral gas will be introduced before casting and will be brought to high temperature so as to heat the edge 84 before casting and then to maintain its temperature during casting.

Entre la bordure 84 et la face supérieure de la tête 8 et des plaques de frottement 73 on laisse deux fentes 86 dans lesquelles débouchent des canaux 87 ménagés à l'intérieur de la tête 80 et alimentés par un brouillard de lubrifiant sous une pression suffisante pour vaincre la pression ferro- statique à ce niveau. Les fentes 86 peuvent n'avoir que quelques dixièmes de millimétres d'épaisseur. L'injection de ce brouillard lubrifiant permet d'éviter l'accrochage de l'acier liquide.Between the rim 84 and the upper face of the head 8 and of the friction plates 73, two slots 86 are left into which open channels 87 formed inside the head 80 and supplied with a mist of lubricant under sufficient pressure to overcome the static pressure at this level. The slots 86 may be only a few tenths of a millimeter thick. The injection of this lubricating mist avoids the attachment of liquid steel.

Il est bien évident que les dispositions que l'on vient de décrire sont appliquées d'une manière symétrique par rapport à l'axe vertical de la cloison intermèdiaire 7. D'autre part, des dispositions analogues sont prévues à la partie supérieure des parois longitudinales 21. A cet effet, le bord supérieur de la pièce 82 recouvrant la paroi longitudinale 21 est constitué par une partie en saillie 87 qui s'engage dans une rainure 35 ménagée sur la face inférieure de la cuve de répartition 3, dans l'épaisseur du réfractaire 32. De façon analogue à la disposition décrite pour la cloison intermédiaire 7, la partie inférieure de chaque paroi longitudinale de la cuve de répartition 3 est constituée par une bordure en matière poreuse 36 et, selon une disposition avantageuse, celle-ci forme une lévre descendante constituant le côté interne de la rainure 35. Par ailleurs, le fond de la rainure 35 est séparé du sommet du bord supérieur 87 de la paroi longitudinale par un espace dans lequel est injecté sous pression un gaz neutre qui traverse la bordure poreuse 36 comme indiqué par des flèches sur la figure 2, cette injection de gaz neutre ayant l'effet indiqué pour la cloison intermédiaire 7. De même, une fente 86 de quelques dixiémes de millimétre d'épaisseur est laissée entre le bord inférieur de la bordure 36 et le bord supérieur de la plaque de frottement 27 et est reliée à un canal 87 ménagé dans la pièce 82 et par lequel peut être injecté sous pression un brouillard de lubrifiant.It is obvious that the arrangements which have just been described are applied symmetrically with respect to the vertical axis of the intermediate partition 7. On the other hand, similar arrangements are provided for at the upper part of the walls. longitudinal 21. For this purpose, the upper edge of the part 82 covering the longitudinal wall 21 is constituted by a projecting part 87 which engages in a groove 35 formed on the underside of the distribution tank 3, in the thickness of the refractory 32. In a similar manner to the arrangement described for the intermediate partition 7, the lower part of each longitudinal wall of the distribution tank 3 is constituted by an edge made of porous material 36 and, according to an advantageous arrangement, this forms a descending lip constituting the internal side of the groove 35. Furthermore, the bottom of the groove 35 is separated from the top of the upper edge 87 of the longitudinal wall by a space into which a neutral gas is injected under pressure which passes through the porous border 36 as indicated by arrows in FIG. 2, this injection of neutral gas having the effect indicated for the intermediate partition 7. Likewise, a slot 86 a few tenths of a millimeter thick is left between the lower edge of the edge 36 and the upper edge of the friction plate 27 and is connected to a channel 87 formed in the part 82 and through which a mist can be injected under pressure lubricant.

L'écoulement de l'acier maintenu liquide à l'intérieur de la cuve de répartition 3 est ainsi convenablement dévié entre les cavités de coulée 62 et 63, la solidification commençant, comme on l'a vu, au niveau P' sur toutes les faces longitudinales des bandes coulées.The flow of the steel kept liquid inside the distribution tank 3 is thus suitably diverted between the casting cavities 62 and 63, the solidification starting, as we have seen, at level P 'on all longitudinal sides of the cast strips.

Outre la lubrification décrite précédemment et assurée par les canaux 87, il est nécessaire, comme dans les machines conventionnelles, d'assurer une rupture de l'équilibre mécanique à l'interface de la plaque de frottement et de l'acier liquide. A cet effet, il est possible de faire osciller la lingotiére 2 par les moyens bien connus pour les lingotières classiques de coulée continue et selon les mêmes lois cinématiques. Cependant, on peut avantageusement utiliser une autre disposition représentée plus en détail sur la figure 2.In addition to the lubrication described above and provided by the channels 87, it is necessary, as in conventional machines, to ensure a rupture of the mechanical equilibrium at the interface of the friction plate and the liquid steel. For this purpose, it is possible to oscillate the ingot mold 2 by means well known for conventional ingot molds for continuous casting and according to the same kinematic laws. However, it is advantageous to use another arrangement shown in more detail in FIG. 2.

Selon cette disposition, les éléments porteplaques 25 sont isolés des parois longitudinales 21 en interposant des éléments élastiques 250 et en plaçant des vibreurs 210 sur les parties extérieures des parois longitudinales 21. Ces éléments vibreurs 210 transmettent une énergie de vibration à l'ensemble des éléments constituant la lingotiére soit d'une maniére directe, soit d'une manière indirecte au travers des bandes de coulée et des intercalaires d'extrémité qui en déterminent les bords.According to this arrangement, the plate-holding elements 25 are isolated from the longitudinal walls 21 by interposing elastic elements 250 and by placing vibrators 210 on the external parts of the longitudinal walls 21. These vibrating elements 210 transmit vibration energy to all of the elements constituting the mold either directly or indirectly through the casting strips and end tabs which determine the edges.

Les canaux de refroidissement sont ménagés parallèlement à la largeur de la bande et reliés en série. Ils sont répartis avantageusement en deux zones distinctes superposées pour chaque plaque, chacune de ces zones étant contrôlée en débit, pression et température. La zone supérieure est disposée sensiblement entre les niveaux P et P' de la lingotiére. Elle permet notamment de contrôler l'échange thermique ou du moins les variations d'échange thermique entre le réfractaire 32 de la cuve de répartition 3 et la lingotiére.The cooling channels are arranged parallel to the width of the strip and connected in series. They are advantageously distributed in two separate zones superimposed for each plate, each of these zones being controlled in flow, pressure and temperature. The upper zone is arranged substantially between the levels P and P 'of the mold. It makes it possible in particular to control the heat exchange or at least the variations in heat exchange between the refractory 32 of the distribution tank 3 and the ingot mold.

Selon une autre disposition bien connue dans les machines conventionnelles, le bord inférieur de la lingotiére et, d'une façon générale, toutes les extrémités inférieures des éléments de refroidissement sont munies de dents assurant un meilleur supportage de la bande.According to another arrangement well known in conventional machines, the lower edge of the mold and, in general, all the lower ends of the cooling elements are provided with teeth ensuring better support for the strip.

Même si les bandes coulées sont de faible épaisseur, la solidification n'est pas terminée à la sortie de la lingotière en raison de la vitesse de coulée élevée, de l'ordre de 5 à 6 métres/minute pour une bande d'épaisseur 40 mm, soit une longueur de solidification de 4 à 5 mètres. C'est pourquoi la lingotière 2 est suivie d'un certain nombre d'éléments de refroidissement secondaires 40 dont l'un a été représenté en détail sur les figures 3 et 4.Even if the cast strips are thin, solidification is not finished at the outlet of the mold because of the high casting speed, of the order of 5 to 6 meters / minute for a strip of thickness 40 mm, i.e. a solidification length of 4 to 5 meters. This is why the ingot mold 2 is followed by a certain number of secondary cooling elements 40, one of which has been shown in detail in FIGS. 3 and 4.

Chaque élément de refroidissement secondaire 40 est supporté par un châssis 41 en forme d'anneau portant deux plaques extérieures 42 et des plaques intermédiaires 43 placées dans le prolongement des cloisons intermédiaires et en nombre égal à celles-ci. L'une des plaques extérieures 420 constitue l'alignement de référence de l'élément de refroidissement secondaire et est placée dans l'alignement de la paroi longitudinale 210 de la lingotière.Each secondary cooling element 40 is supported by a ring-shaped frame 41 carrying two outer plates 42 and intermediate plates 43 placed in the extension of the intermediate partitions and in number equal to them. One of the outer plates 420 constitutes the reference alignment of the secondary cooling element and is placed in alignment with the longitudinal wall 210 of the mold.

Les plaques extérieures 42 sont suspendues au châssis 41 par des bielles 44, de même que les plaques intermédiaires 43 dont les bielles de suspension, placées en dehors du plan de la figure, n'ont pas été représentées.The outer plates 42 are suspended from the frame 41 by connecting rods 44, as are the intermediate plates 43 whose suspension connecting rods, placed outside the plane of the figure, have not been shown.

De même que pour la lingotière, les plaques intermédiaires et les plaques extérieures 42 sont maintenues écartées par des plaques intercalaires qui fixent les épaisseurs de bande et ont donc des largeurs correspondant à celles des intercalaires 26 de la lingotiére.As in the case of the ingot mold, the intermediate plates and the external plates 42 are kept apart by intermediate plates which fix the strip thicknesses and therefore have widths corresponding to those of the interleaves 26 of the ingot mold.

L'ensemble est équilibré et maintenu en position haute par quatre vérins hydrauliques ou pneumatiques 13 prenant appui sur le massif de fondation 14. Sur la figure 1, on a représenté uniquement, pour simplifier, la suspension de l'élément de guidage le plus bas.The assembly is balanced and held in the high position by four hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders 13 bearing on the foundation block 14. In FIG. 1, only the suspension of the lowest guide element has been shown for simplicity .

Le châssis 41 de chaque élément de guidage est en outre relié au massif de fondation 14 par des vérins d'extraction 15 dont le corps est articulé sur le massif 14 et la tige sur le châssis 41. L'ensemble des vérins est alimenté par un dispositif 9 permettant d'assurer la synchronisation du serrage des plaques avec le dèplacement des vérins d'extraction 15.The frame 41 of each guide element is also connected to the foundation block 14 by extraction cylinders 15, the body of which is articulated on the block 14 and the rod on the chassis 41. All of the cylinders are supplied by a device 9 allowing synchronization of the tightening of the plates with the displacement of the extraction cylinders 15.

Les vérins d'équilibrage 13 sont alimentés en pression permanente par un accumulateur de pression 91. Une centrale hydraulique 92 alimente, par un réseau 93 les vérins d'extraction 15 et par un réseau 94 les vérins de serrage 45. Un automatisme 95 facile à concevoir et non représenté en détail sur les dessins permet de synchroniser les mouvements commandés par les vérins. Chaque élément de guidage en forme de cage a en effet un mouvement alternatif de vaet-vient commandé par ses vérins d'extraction 15. La cage est serrée par ses vérins 45 lors du mouvement descendant et doit être desserrée lors de la remontée. Pendant ce mouvement ascendant, il est préférable d'éviter le frottement des plaques contre la bande. A cet effet, comme on la représentée sur la figure 4, chaque plaque de la cage de guidage est munie à sa partie supérieure et sur une certaine hauteur, d'orifices 46 reliés à un réseau 47 d'alimentation en air comprimé. On peut ainsi, par soufflage d'air, assurer le décollement de la bande par rapport à la plaque lors de la remontée, l'air comprimé pouvant avantageusement être chargé d'un lubrifiant pour éviter tout risque de grippage lors de la remontée des plaques. Le réseau d'air comprimé 47 est maintenu en pression et peut être muni d'une simple vanne d'isolement, le soufflage n'ayant pas lieu lorsque les plaques sont serrées. De la sorte, le temps de réponse de l'écartement des plaques est quasiment nul.The balancing cylinders 13 are supplied with permanent pressure by a pressure accumulator 91. A hydraulic unit 92 supplies, by a network 93 the extraction cylinders 15 and by a network 94 the clamping cylinders 45. An automatic mechanism 95 easy to design and not shown in detail in the drawings allows synchronization of the movements controlled by the jacks. Each cage-shaped guide element in fact has an alternating reciprocating movement controlled by its extraction jacks 15. The cage is clamped by its jacks 45 during the downward movement and must be loosened during the ascent. During this upward movement, it is preferable to avoid the friction of the plates against the strip. To this end, as shown in FIG. 4, each plate of the guide cage is provided at its upper part and over a certain height, with orifices 46 connected to a network 47 for supplying compressed air. One can thus, by blowing air, ensure the separation of the strip relative to the plate during the ascent, the compressed air can advantageously be loaded with a lubricant to avoid any risk of seizing during the ascent of the plates . The compressed air network 47 is kept under pressure and can be provided with a simple isolation valve, the blowing not taking place when the plates are tightened. In this way, the response time of the spacing of the plates is almost zero.

Par ailleurs, au-dessous du réseau de soufflage d'air 46, les plaques sont munies de canaux de circulation d'eau 48 alimentés par un réseau 49 muni de vannes de régulation permettant de régler le débit et la pression de l'eau et par conséquent la température de refroidissement.Furthermore, below the air blowing network 46, the plates are provided with water circulation channels 48 supplied by a network 49 provided with regulation valves making it possible to regulate the flow rate and the pressure of the water and therefore the cooling temperature.

Le dispositif de refroidissement secondaire comprend au moins deux cages d'extraction et de guidage de telle sorte qu'il y ait toujours au moins une cage en prise sur les bandes quelle que soit la position d'ouverture des autres cages.The secondary cooling device comprises at least two extraction and guide cages so that there is always at least one cage engaged on the strips regardless of the open position of the other cages.

Le démarrage de la coulée est réalisé comme sur une machine conventionnelle par des mannequins correspondant à chacune des bandes coulées. On réalise ainsi, selon le nombre de cavitès de coulée, un nombre correspondant de bandes, par exemple trois bandes dans le cas représenté sur la figure 1. La coulée et l'extraction sont communes aux trois bandes A la sortie de l'extraction les bandes sont orientées par des dèflec- teurs 16 vers des tables à rouleaux 17 qui dirigent chaque bande vers un mandrin d'enroulement 18. Un poste de coupe 19, de type connu et représenté symboliquement sur la figure, coupe la bande 60 à la longueur voulue lorsque la bobine enroulée sur le mandrin 18 atteint le poids désiré.The start of the casting is carried out as on a conventional machine by mannequins corresponding to each of the casting bands. One thus realizes, according to the number of casting cavities, a corresponding number of bands, for example three bands in the case shown in FIG. 1. The casting and the extraction are common to the three bands At the exit of the extraction the strips are oriented by deflectors 16 towards roller tables 17 which direct each strip towards a winding mandrel 18. A cutting station 19, of known type and symbolically represented in the figure, cuts the strip 60 to length desired when the coil wound on the mandrel 18 reaches the desired weight.

Compte tenu de la continuité des coulées, chacune des lignes devra être équipée de deux enrouleuses 180, 181 associées à des tables à rouleaux 170, 171 et un rouleau d'aiguillage 172 permettant d'orienter la bande vers l'une ou l'autre des enrouleuses.Given the continuity of the flows, each of the lines must be equipped with two winders 180, 181 associated with roller tables 170, 171 and a switching roller 172 making it possible to orient the strip towards one or the other. rewinders.

Claims (9)

1. Machine for continuous casting of metal in the form of at least two separate products, comprising, from top to bottom, a tundish (1) supplied with liquid metal, a bottomless mould (2) supplied continuously by the tundish (1), and an extraction and secondary cooling device (4) of the product cast, the mould (2) consisting of two parallel longitudinal walls and two transverse walls mounted on an oscillating frame and limiting a casting cavity of rectangular cross-section separated into at least two parts by means of at least one partition, the said walls being connected to a cooling system for forming, in each of the parts of the cavity, a product solidified at the surface and discharged via the bottom of the mould (2) towards the extraction and secondary cooling device (4), the latter consisting of at least one series of guide elements (40) equipped with means of pulling and cooling the product, the said machine being characterized in that the liquid metal is poured into a distributor vessel (3) interposed between the tundish (1) and the mould (2), secured to the latter and equipped with means (36) of maintaining the metal at the casting temperature; the mould is divided into at least two parallel casting cavities (62, 63) delimited by at least one intermediate partition (7) interposed between the longitudinal walls (21) of the mould (2) and parallel to these, the said intermediate partition being equipped, on its two faces, with superficial cooling means (74), the metal poured into the distributor vessel (3) being distributed between the said parallel cavities (62, 63) to form, in each of these, a metal strip (60) of a thickness corresponding to the distance between the intermediate plate and the corresponding longitudinal wall; and at least the first guide element (40) located underneath the mould (2) is divided longitudinally into at least two parallel cavities, each equipped with means of cooling and pulling the strips leaving the corresponding cavities of the mould (2).
2. Continuous-casting machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that transverse plates (26) of a thickness corresponding to the width to be given to the strips are interposed respectively between the intermediate partitions (7) and the longitudinal walls (21).
3. Continuous-casting machine according to Claim 2, characterized in that the distributor vessel (3) is limited by longitudinal and transverse walls arranged respectively in the extension of those of the mould (2).
4. Continuous-casting machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the longitudinal walls (21) and the intermediate partition (7) are equipped, in their upper part, with means (8) of delaying the start of solidification up to a level P' below the joining plane P between the mould (2) and the distributor vessel (3).
5. Continuous-casting machine according to Claim 4, characterized in that the means (8) of delaying the start of solidification comprise a heat screen (83,81) arranged in the upper part of each longitudinal wall (21) of the mould (2) and on the two faces of the intermediate partition (7), the said shield (8) being covered by a friction plate (27) in contact with the metal and extending over the entire width of the casting cavity (62) as far as the level P' desired for the start of solidification.
6. Continuous-casting machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intermediate partition (7) is equipped, along its upper edge, with a rim (84) which consists of a sectional piece made of porous material and through which can pass an inert gas injected from channels (85) supplied with pressurized gas.
7. Continuous-casting machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distributor vessel (3) is equipped in its lower part, along the lower edges of its longitudinal walls (33), with two rims (36) consisting of sectional pieces which are made of porous material and through which can pass an inert gas injected from channels (87) formed along the said rims (36) and supplied with inert gas under pressure.
8. Continuous-casting machine according to Claim 7, characterized in that the rim (36) of porous material of each longitudinal wall (33) of the distributor vessel (3) forms a descending lip set apart from the lower portion of the wall by a groove-shaped space (35), into which fits the upper edge (87) of the longitudinal wall (21) of the mould (2), the said upper edge (87) being made to project above the joining plane P between the distributor vessel (3) and the mould (2), the bottom of the groove (35) being separated from the top of the upper edge (87) by a space supplied with inert gas under pressure and forming the channel for injecting inert gas through the porous rim (36).
9. Continuous-casting machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least the first guide element (40) of the secondary cooling device (4) consists of a cage-shaped frame (41), in which are mounted two longitudinal plates (42) and at least one intermediate partition (43) which are arranged respectively in the extension of the longitudinal plates (21) and of the intermediate partition (7) of the mould (2) and which are equipped with systems for cooling the faces in contact with the metal, and in that, with one of the longitudinal plates (420) serving as a reference and fastened to the frame (41), the intermediate partition (43) and the other longitudinal plate are connected to the frame (41) in a way which allows slight transverse displacements and are associated with transverse clamping jacks (45).
EP86401121A 1985-05-28 1986-05-27 Apparatus for casting metal strips Expired - Lifetime EP0203867B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86401121T ATE54590T1 (en) 1985-05-28 1986-05-27 DEVICE FOR CASTING METAL STRIPS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8507985A FR2582552B1 (en) 1985-05-28 1985-05-28 CONTINUOUS METAL CASTING MACHINE IN THE FORM OF STRIPS
FR8507985 1985-05-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0203867A1 EP0203867A1 (en) 1986-12-03
EP0203867B1 true EP0203867B1 (en) 1990-07-18

Family

ID=9319606

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86401121A Expired - Lifetime EP0203867B1 (en) 1985-05-28 1986-05-27 Apparatus for casting metal strips

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US4770226A (en)
EP (1) EP0203867B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE54590T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3672698D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8705269A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2582552B1 (en)

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DE4419387C1 (en) * 1994-05-30 1995-08-31 Mannesmann Ag Mfr. of continuously cast, closely dimensioned profiles

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JPH08121582A (en) * 1994-10-25 1996-05-14 Toyota Motor Corp Frictional state detection device of travelling road surface
WO2009054826A1 (en) * 2007-10-24 2009-04-30 Loma Machine, A Division Of Magnum Integrated Technologies Inc. Downender transport table assembly for use in continuous casting plants

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FR985233A (en) * 1949-03-04 1951-07-16 Process of casting iron, cast iron, steel, or other metals in the form of continuous ingots
FR1211632A (en) * 1957-09-06 1960-03-17 United Wire Works Ltd Metal casting refinements
FR1213578A (en) * 1957-09-10 1960-04-01 United Wire Works Ltd Mold for metal casting
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US3558256A (en) * 1964-10-21 1971-01-26 Paderwerk Gebruder Benteler Apparatus for the continuous casting of metals
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4419387C1 (en) * 1994-05-30 1995-08-31 Mannesmann Ag Mfr. of continuously cast, closely dimensioned profiles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2582552B1 (en) 1987-08-28
ES555354A0 (en) 1987-05-01
ES8705269A1 (en) 1987-05-01
EP0203867A1 (en) 1986-12-03
ATE54590T1 (en) 1990-08-15
FR2582552A1 (en) 1986-12-05
US4770226A (en) 1988-09-13
DE3672698D1 (en) 1990-08-23

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