Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/40—Monoamines or polyamines; Salts thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/001—Softening compositions
  • C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid

Definitions

• the present invention relates to aqueous liquid detergent compositions of the suspending type, i.e. compositions in which particles of a different density can be stably suspended.
• the invention relates to aqueous liquid detergent compositions of the suspending type which exhibit good cleaning performance and simultaneously impart a softening quality to the fabrics being laundered.
• Simultaneous cleaning and softening is desirable, as it provides the user with increased convenience in the laundering operation, rendering redundant the after-wash softening/rinse cycle and the separate dosing of special-purpose softening compositions.
• long-chain fatty amines which are suitable to impart through-the- wash softening, can be stably incorporated in aqueous liquid detergent compositions of the suspending type, provided the compositions are formulated to have a pH value above the isoelectric point of the fatty amine.
• an aqueous suspending liquid detergent composition for the cleaning and softening of fabrics which comprises:
• composition also comprises one or more electrolytes as part of the active system, thereby providing the structure necessary for the suspending properties of the composition.
• Suitable nonionic detergent-actives for use in the present invention may be found in the following classes: fatty acid alkylolamides, alkylene oxide condensates of alkylphenols or primary and secondary aliphatic alcohols, alkylamines, alkyl mercaptans and amine oxides.
• ethylene oxide condensates and mixtures of ethylene oxide condensates with fatty acid alkylolamides are preferred. Particularly suitable have been found ethylene oxides having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of between 11 and 15, such as C"C,5 alcohols condensed with 6-8 ethylene oxides.
• anionic derivatives of, in particular, polyalkoxylated nonionic detergent materials which have retained to a large extent a nonionic character can be used instead of or in combination with nonionic detergent-actives.
• Suitable examples are the sulphated, phosphated or carboxylated polyalkoxylated nonionic detergent-actives, such as the alkyl and alkylaryl polyethoxy ether sulphates.
• Suitable alkyl polyethoxy ether sulphates have about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain and have an average of 1 to 12, preferably 1 to 6 ethylene oxide units.
• anionic surfactants can be used in the compositions of the present invention.
• Suitable anionic non-soap surfactants are water-soluble salts of alkyl benzene sulphonates, alkyl sulphates, paraffin sulphonates, alpha-olefin sulphonates, alpha-sulphocarboxylates and their esters, alkyl glyceryl ether sulphonates, fatty acid monoglyceride sulphates and sulphonates, 2- acyloxy-alkane-1-sulphonates, and beta-alkoxy alkane sulphonates. Soaps are also suitable anionic surfactants.
• Especially preferred alkyl benzene sulphonates have about 9 to about 15 carbon atoms in a linear or branched alkyl chain, more especially about 11 to about 13 carbon atoms.
• Suitable alkyl sulphates have about 10 to about 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, more especially from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms.
• Suitable paraffin sulphonates are essentially linear and contain from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, more especially from about 14 to about 18 carbon atoms.
• Suitable alpha-olefin sulphonates have about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms, more especially about 14 to about 16 carbon atoms; alpha-olefin sulphonates can be made by reaction with sulphur trioxide, followed by neutralization under conditions such that any sultones present are hydrolyzed to the corresponding hydroxy alkane sulphonates.
• Suitable alpha-sulphocarboxylates contain from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms; included herein are not only the salts of alpha-sulphonated fatty acids, but also their esters made from alcohols containing about 1 to about 14 carbon atoms.
• Suitable alkyl glyceryl ether sulphates are ethers of alcohols having about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms, more especially those derived from coconut oil and tallow.
• Suitable alkyl phenol polyethoxy ether sulphates have about 8 to about 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain and an average of about 1 to about 6 ethylene oxide units per molecule.
• Suitable 2-acyloxy-alkane-1-sulphonates contain from about 2 to about 9 carbon atoms in the acyl group and about 9 to about 23 carbon atoms in the alkane moiety.
• Suitable beta-alkyloxy alkane sulphonates contain about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms in the alkane moiety.
• the alkyl chains of the foregoing non-soap anionic surfactants can be derived from natural sources such as coconut oil or tallow, or can be made synthetically, as for example by using the Ziegler or Oxo processes. Water-solubility can be achieved by using alkali metal, ammonium, or alkanolammonium cations; sodium is preferred. Mixtures of anionic surfactants are contemplated by this invention; a satisfactory mixture contains alkyl benzene sulphonate having 11-13 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and alkyl sulphate having 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group.
• Suitable soaps contain about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, more especially about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms.
• Soaps can be made by direct saponification of natural fats and oils such as coconut oil, tallow and palm oil, or by neutralization of free fatty acids obtained from either natural or synthetic sources.
• the soap cation can be alkali metal, ammonium or alkanolammonium; sodium is preferred.
• the amount of the active detergent material may vary from 1 to 60%, preferably from 2-40% and especially preferably from 5-25%; when mixtures of e.g. anionics and nonionics are used, the relative weight ratio varies from 10:1 to 1:10, preferably from 6:1 to 1:6. When a soap is also incorporated, the amount thereof is from 1-40% by weight.
• a particularly preferred active detergent mixture is that of a water-soluble anionic sulphonate or sulphate detergent and a nonionic detergent in a weight ratio of from about 6:1 to 1:1, with or without a soap in a ratio of up to 2:1 with respect to the nonionic detergent constituent.
• the inclusion of one or more electrolytes, in particular of the salting-out type, is often essential.
• the composition may contain from 1 to 60% by weight, and preferably from 3 to 50% by weight, and particularly preferably from 10 to 35% by weight of the salting-out electrolytes.
• Typical examples of such salting-out electrolytes are water-soluble builder salts, such as the alkali metal ortho-and pyrophosphates, the alkali metal tripolyphosphates, such as sodium tripolyphosphate, the alkali metal silicates, alkali metal borates, alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal sulphates, alkali metal citrates; alkali metal salts of nitrilotriacetate; alkali metal salts of carbox- ymethyloxy succinate.
• the alkali metal salts the ammonium and ethanol-substituted ammonium salts can be used.
• ⁇ may be advantageous to include also a certain level of a non-salting-out electrolyte. This can be determined by routine experimentation, using the general indications below as to level and type of auxiliary electrolytes.
• auxiliary electrolytes are alkali metal iodides, alkali metal (per)-chlorates, alkali metal rhodanides, and alkali metal nitrates, and alkali metal bromides and alkali metal chlorides.
• the corresponding ammonium and ethanol-substituted ammonium salts can also be used.
• the auxiliary electrolyte is generally used in the composition in an amount of 0.5 to 35% by weight, preferably 1 to 30% by weight, and particularly preferably 2 to 25% by weight.
• Long-chain fatty amines suitable for the purpose of the invention are substantially water-insoluble compounds that have the general formula: wherein: R, is a C 10 -C 25 alkyl or alkenyl group,
• R 3 is methyl or ethyl.
• Suitable amines include:
• compositions should contain from 0.5% to 15% by weight of the amine, preferably from 1% to 10% by weight and most preferably from 2% to 5% by weight.
• the pH of the composition is essential to obtain physically stable formulations, and should be above the isoelectric point of the amine used.
• the compositional pH is at least one pH unit above said isoelectric point.
• amines in the lower range of isoelectric points Preferably amines having an isoelectric point in the range of 7 to 8.5 are used in combination with enzymes.
• the isoelectric point of any given amine can be determined by measuring the electrophoretic mobility of an aqueous dispersion of the amine under standard conditions of concentration and temperature at a series of pHs, with plotting of the mobilities against pH to determine the pH of zero mobility.
• T and Co represent the mixed alkyl radical derived from hydrogenated tallow acid and coconut oil acid, respectively.
• the liquid detergent composition of the invention may further contain any of the adjuncts normally used in fabric-washing detergent compositions, e.g. sequestering agents such as ethylene diamine tetraacetate; alkali silicates for adjusting the pH; soil-suspending and anti-redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.; fluorescent agents; perfumes, germicides and colourants.
• adjuncts normally used in fabric-washing detergent compositions e.g. sequestering agents such as ethylene diamine tetraacetate; alkali silicates for adjusting the pH; soil-suspending and anti-redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc.; fluorescent agents; perfumes, germicides and colourants.
• lather depressors such as silicones; and enzymes, particularly proteolytic and amylolytic enzymes; and peroxygen or chlorine bleaches, such as sodium perborate and potassium dichlorocyanurate, including bleach activators, such as N,N,N',N'-tetraacetylethylenediamine, may be necessary to formulate a complete heavy duty detergent composition suitable for use in washing machine operations.
• lather depressors such as silicones
• enzymes particularly proteolytic and amylolytic enzymes
• peroxygen or chlorine bleaches such as sodium perborate and potassium dichlorocyanurate
• bleach activators such as N,N,N',N'-tetraacetylethylenediamine
• the composition of the invention has a viscosity of up to 1.2 Pas, and most preferably from 0.4 to 1.0 Pas as measured at 20°C and at a shear rate of 21 seconds-'.

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• 1986
  • 1986-05-20 DE DE8686200858T patent/DE3661640D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1986-05-20 EP EP19860200858 patent/EP0203660B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1986-05-26 JP JP61120928A patent/JPH0637635B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1986-05-27 AU AU57973/86A patent/AU572024B2/en not_active Expired

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