EP0203377B1 - Blow tunnel for drying lacquered work pieces - Google Patents

Blow tunnel for drying lacquered work pieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0203377B1
EP0203377B1 EP86105663A EP86105663A EP0203377B1 EP 0203377 B1 EP0203377 B1 EP 0203377B1 EP 86105663 A EP86105663 A EP 86105663A EP 86105663 A EP86105663 A EP 86105663A EP 0203377 B1 EP0203377 B1 EP 0203377B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blow
tunnel
zone
workpieces
radiation elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86105663A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0203377A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Lauterwasser
Bernd Kleinteich
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication date
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Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP0203377A1 publication Critical patent/EP0203377A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F26B3/283—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun in combination with convection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2210/00—Drying processes and machines for solid objects characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2210/12—Vehicle bodies, e.g. after being painted

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device of the type specified in the preamble of the first claim.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy this situation and to design a device of the type mentioned at the outset such that adequate drying of the coated objects can be carried out with little space and time required even when using solvents which are difficult to evaporate.
  • the arrangement according to the invention creates a blowing tunnel, in which it is ensured in the first zone by the radiators that sufficient evaporation of the solvent is achieved and by the inflowing air that the removal of solvent is ensured.
  • the body surface temperature is recooled, which enables the body to be further treated by additional painting processes without any loss of quality. Due to the mutually offset use of the emitters with the blowing nozzles, a blowing tunnel is created which also removes difficult-to-evaporate solvents from the paint film within a very short time, so that, especially in large-scale production, neither the cycle times nor the space required for painting need to be changed significantly compared to the previous method. This also results in a uniform heating of the entire body and thus a more even evaporation.
  • the first and second zones are equipped differently according to the invention and, moreover, the infrared heaters and the blowing nozzles are arranged alternately in the first zone. It is only on the basis of this arrangement that the problem set at the outset can be solved satisfactorily.
  • Infrared emitters have proven to be particularly suitable emitters. It is known to use infrared drying for accelerated film formation in painted workpieces. However, their use in large series systems has not previously been considered possible because the emitters feared that the painted workpieces would be heated up too much and therefore an increased space requirement and / or time required for the necessary cooling before the next processing steps was expected.
  • blow tunnel constructed in accordance with the invention is shown schematically in perspective.
  • the blow tunnel 1 consists of a first zone 2 and a second zone 3. These two zones 2, 3 represent the core zones of the blow tunnel.
  • an inlet area known per se can also be provided in the direction of flow in front of zone 2, as well as an area adjacent to the zone 3 subsequent discharge area.
  • a conveyor 4 is provided on the bottom of the blow tunnel 1 for transporting the workpieces, in particular the motor vehicle bodies.
  • Such conveyors are generally known and are therefore - since they do not fall under the subject of the invention - not described in detail.
  • the blow tunnel 1 preferably has an octagonal cross section to ensure that all painted surfaces of the motor vehicle bodies can be dried uniformly and sufficiently quickly.
  • infrared emitters 5 and blowing nozzles 6 are alternately offset in zone 2 in the opposite wall areas and in the ceiling area.
  • the blowing nozzles 6 are connected to a known, not shown supply air delivery system.
  • the air emerging from the blowing nozzles can be tempered, depending on the requirements. Temperature ranges between 23 ° C and 70 ° C are preferred.
  • the infrared radiators 5 can be regulated and therefore emit a variable power.
  • Zone 2 it can make sense to divide Zone 2 into two sections of the same structure and to connect the blowing nozzles of the two sections to separate air delivery systems in order to achieve different blowing air temperatures and quantities and different levels of humidity in Zone 2.
  • Zone 3 connects seamlessly to Zone 2. This consists only of a plurality of blowing nozzles 6. This zone 3 serves to cool the heated motor vehicle body. This is therefore necessary in the subsequent processing step, e.g. B. when applying a clear coat to get a cheap, low sheet temperature.
  • the blow nozzles 6 provided there are therefore connected to a further air guidance system in order to obtain the necessary cold air. Air temperatures of approximately 10 ° C. to 23 ° C. are preferred.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung der im Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs angegebenen Art.The invention relates to a device of the type specified in the preamble of the first claim.

Bei lackierten Werkstücken, insbesondere in der Serienfertigung von Kraftfahrzeugkarosserien ist es bekannt, diese nach dem Aufbringen jeder Lackschicht zu trocknen. Bei den bisher verwendeten schnell verdunstenden Lösungsmitteln (Basislacke) wurden die Karosserien durch Blastunnel transportiert. In diesem Blastunnel wurde kalte oder erwärmte Luft auf die vorbeilaufende Karosserie geblasen. Dadurch wurde eine Trocknung des Lackes erzielt.In the case of painted workpieces, in particular in the series production of motor vehicle bodies, it is known to dry them after the application of each layer of paint. With the rapidly evaporating solvents (basecoats) used so far, the bodies were transported through blow tunnels. In this blowing tunnel, cold or warmed air was blown onto the passing body. This caused the paint to dry.

Aufgrund der verschärften Umweltbestimmungen ist man bestrebt, diese Lösungsmittel ganz oder teilweise durch Wasser zu ersetzen und dementsprechend wasserlösliche Lacke einzusetzen. Der Nachteil derartiger wasserlöslicher Lacke ist jedoch, daß das Wasser relativ langsam verdunstet. Damit entsteht das Problem, daß die heute vorhandenen Blastunnel wesentlich verlängert werden müßten, was aber aus Platzgründen nicht möglich ist. Daneben bestände die Möglichkeit, die Verweilzeit der Karosserien in den Blastunneln zu verlängern. Dadurch werden jedoch die gesamten Taktzeiten der Lackieranlage verändert und es müßten Puffer vorgesehen werden, die ebenfalls wieder Platz benötigen.Due to the stricter environmental regulations, efforts are being made to replace all or part of these solvents with water and, accordingly, to use water-soluble paints. The disadvantage of such water-soluble paints, however, is that the water evaporates relatively slowly. This creates the problem that the blow tunnels present today would have to be extended considerably, but this is not possible due to space constraints. There was also the possibility of extending the dwell time of the bodies in the blow tunnels. However, this changes the entire cycle times of the painting system and buffers would have to be provided, which also need space again.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, hier Abhilfe zu schaffen und eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend auszubilden, daß auch bei Verwendung von schwerverdunstbaren Lösungsmitteln eine ausreichende Trocknung der lackierten Gegenstände bei geringem Raum- und Zeitbedarf durchgeführt werden kann.The object of the present invention is to remedy this situation and to design a device of the type mentioned at the outset such that adequate drying of the coated objects can be carried out with little space and time required even when using solvents which are difficult to evaporate.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des ersten Anspruchs gelöst. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung wird ein Blastunnel geschaffen, bei dem in der ersten Zone durch die Strahler sichergestellt ist, daß eine ausreichende Abdunstung des Lösungsmittels erzielt wird und durch die einströmende Luft, daß der Lösungsmittelabtransport gewährleistet ist. In der sich anschließenden zweiten Zone erfolgt eine Rückkühlung der Karosserieoberfläche der Temperaturwerte, die eine Weiterbehandlung der Karosserie durch zusätzliche Lackiervorgänge ohne Qualitätseinbuße ermöglichen. Aufgrund der wechselseitig versetzten Verwendung der Strahler mit den Blasdüsen wird ein Blastunnel geschaffen, der auch schwerverdunstbare Lösungsmittel innerhalb kürzester Zeiten aus dem Lackfilm entfernt, so daß gerade bei Großserienfertigung weder die Taktzeiten noch der Raumbedarf beim Lackieren gegenüber dem bisherigen Verfahren wesentlich verändert werden muß. Auch wird dadurch eine gleichmäßige Erwärmung der gesamten Karosserie und damit eine Vergleichmäßigung beim Abdunsten erzielt.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of the first claim. The arrangement according to the invention creates a blowing tunnel, in which it is ensured in the first zone by the radiators that sufficient evaporation of the solvent is achieved and by the inflowing air that the removal of solvent is ensured. In the subsequent second zone, the body surface temperature is recooled, which enables the body to be further treated by additional painting processes without any loss of quality. Due to the mutually offset use of the emitters with the blowing nozzles, a blowing tunnel is created which also removes difficult-to-evaporate solvents from the paint film within a very short time, so that, especially in large-scale production, neither the cycle times nor the space required for painting need to be changed significantly compared to the previous method. This also results in a uniform heating of the entire body and thus a more even evaporation.

Bei der Angabe der erfindungsgemäßen zwei Zonen sind nur solche Zonen gezählt, die zur Trocknung des Werkstücks unmittelbar beitragen. Andere, aus anlagetechnischen Gründen evtl. noch vorhandene Ein- und/oder Auslaufzonen sind hierbei nicht mitgezählt.When specifying the two zones according to the invention, only those zones are counted which contribute directly to the drying of the workpiece. Other entry and / or exit zones that may still exist for technical reasons are not counted here.

Aus der US-A-4 257 172 ist eine Trocknungsanlage zum Trocknen von Werkstücken, die mit lösungsmittelbehafteten Lacken behandelt sind, bekannt. Zwar werden auch hier Blasdüsen und Infrarotheizer verwendet, jedoch in einer anderen Reihenfolge. So werden die zu trocknenden Produkte zuerst in Durchlaufrichtung betrachtet unter die Belüftungsdüsen geführt (erste Zone) und erst dann zu der zweiten Zone des Trocknungstunnels transportiert, in der zusätzlich auch Infrarotheizer angeordnet sind. Hierbei sind die Infrarotheizer in dieser zweiten Zone in Reihe hintereinander angeordnet und zwischen den einzelnen Reihen der Blasdüsen. Damit soll erreicht werden, daß die brennbaren Gase, die beim Trocknen von lösungsmittelbehafteten Lacken entstehen, sicher von den Infrarotheizern entfernt gehalten werden.From US-A-4 257 172 a drying system for drying workpieces which have been treated with solvent-based paints is known. Blow nozzles and infrared heaters are also used here, but in a different order. The products to be dried are first passed under the ventilation nozzles, viewed in the direction of flow (first zone), and only then are they transported to the second zone of the drying tunnel, in which infrared heaters are also arranged. The infrared heaters are arranged in series in this second zone and between the individual rows of the blowing nozzles. The aim of this is to ensure that the flammable gases which arise when drying solvent-containing paints are kept safely away from the infrared heaters.

Im Gegensatz hierzu wird erfindungsgemäß jedoch die erste und zweite Zone anders bestückt und darüber hinaus sind die Infrarotheizer und die Blasdüsen in der ersten Zone abwechselnd angeordnet. Nur aufgrund dieser Anordnung kann die eingangs gestellte Aufgabe zufriedenstellend gelöst werden.In contrast to this, however, the first and second zones are equipped differently according to the invention and, moreover, the infrared heaters and the blowing nozzles are arranged alternately in the first zone. It is only on the basis of this arrangement that the problem set at the outset can be solved satisfactorily.

Als besonders geeignete Strahler haben sich Infrarotstrahler erwiesen. Es ist zwar bekannt, Infrarottrocknung zur beschleunigten Filmbildung bei lackierten Werkstücken zu verwenden. Jedoch ist deren Einsatz in Großserienanlagen bisher nicht für möglich gehalten worden, da man durch die Strahler eine zu starke Aufheizung der lackierten Werkstücke befürchtete und deshalb mit einem erhöhten Raumbedarf und/oder Zeitbedarf für die notwendige Abkühlung vor den nächsten Bearbeitungsgängen rechnete.Infrared emitters have proven to be particularly suitable emitters. It is known to use infrared drying for accelerated film formation in painted workpieces. However, their use in large series systems has not previously been considered possible because the emitters feared that the painted workpieces would be heated up too much and therefore an increased space requirement and / or time required for the necessary cooling before the next processing steps was expected.

Durch Ausbildung des Blastunnels nach den Ansprüchen 3 bis 5 wird eine einfache Temperaturregulierung und Anpassung an unterschiedliche Werkstücke erzielt. Hierbei wird der Regelaufwand auf ein Minimum beschränkt, ohne daß die Leistungsfähigkeit des Blastunnels darunter leidet.By designing the blow tunnel according to claims 3 to 5, simple temperature regulation and adaptation to different workpieces is achieved. The control effort is kept to a minimum without the performance of the blow tunnel suffering.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. In der einzigen Abbildung ist schematisch ein erfindungsgemäß aufgebauter Blastunnel in Perspektive dargestellt.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of a preferred exemplary embodiment. In the single figure, a blow tunnel constructed in accordance with the invention is shown schematically in perspective.

Der Blastunnel 1 besteht aus einer ersten Zone 2 und einer zweiten Zone 3. Diese beiden Zonen 2, 3 stellen die Kernzonen des Blastunnels dar. Selbstverständlich kann in Durchlaufrichtung vor der Zone 2 noch ein an sich bekannter Einlaufbereich vorgesehen werden sowie ein sich an der Zone 3 anschließender Auslaufbereich.The blow tunnel 1 consists of a first zone 2 and a second zone 3. These two zones 2, 3 represent the core zones of the blow tunnel. Of course, an inlet area known per se can also be provided in the direction of flow in front of zone 2, as well as an area adjacent to the zone 3 subsequent discharge area.

Zum Transport der Werkstücke, insbesondere der Kraftfahrzeugkarosserien, ist am Boden des Blastunnels 1 eine Fördereinrichtung 4 vorgesehen. Derartige Fördervorrichtungen sind allgemein bekannt und werden deshalb - da sie nicht unter den Gegenstand der Erfindung fallen - nicht näher beschrieben.A conveyor 4 is provided on the bottom of the blow tunnel 1 for transporting the workpieces, in particular the motor vehicle bodies. Such conveyors are generally known and are therefore - since they do not fall under the subject of the invention - not described in detail.

Der Blastunnel 1 hat bevorzugt einen achteckigen Querschnitt, um sicherzustellen, daß sämtliche lackierten Flächen der Kraftfahrzeugkarosserien gleichmäßig und ausreichend schnell getrocknet werden können.The blow tunnel 1 preferably has an octagonal cross section to ensure that all painted surfaces of the motor vehicle bodies can be dried uniformly and sufficiently quickly.

Zur Trocknung sind in der Zone 2 wechselweise versetzt in den gegenüberliegenden Wandbereichen sowie im Deckenbereich Infrarotstrahler 5 und Blasdüsen 6 angeordnet. Die Blasdüsen 6 sind an ein an sich bekanntes, nicht dargestelltes Zuluftfördersystem angeschlossen. Die aus den Blasdüsen austretende Luft kann - je nach Erfordernissen - temperiert sein. Bevorzugt werden Temperaturbereiche zwischen 23°C und 70°C. Die Infrarotstrahler 5 sind regelbar und geben deshalb eine variable Leistung ab.For drying, infrared emitters 5 and blowing nozzles 6 are alternately offset in zone 2 in the opposite wall areas and in the ceiling area. The blowing nozzles 6 are connected to a known, not shown supply air delivery system. The air emerging from the blowing nozzles can be tempered, depending on the requirements. Temperature ranges between 23 ° C and 70 ° C are preferred. The infrared radiators 5 can be regulated and therefore emit a variable power.

Je nach Erfordernissen kann es sinnvoll sein, die Zone 2 in zwei gleich aufgebaute Abschnitte zu unterteilen und die Blasdüsen der beiden Abschnitte an getrennte Luftfördersysteme anzuschließen, um so in der Zone 2 unterschiedliche Blaslufttemperaturen sowie -mengen und unterschiedliche Luftfeuchtigkeiten zu verwirklichen.Depending on the requirements, it can make sense to divide Zone 2 into two sections of the same structure and to connect the blowing nozzles of the two sections to separate air delivery systems in order to achieve different blowing air temperatures and quantities and different levels of humidity in Zone 2.

Nahtlos an der Zone 2 schließt sich die Zone 3 an. Diese besteht nur aus einer Vielzahl von Blasdüsen 6. Diese Zone 3 dient zur Kühlung der aufgeheizten Kraftfahrzeugkarosserie. Dies ist deshalb notwendig, um in dem nachfolgenden Bearbeitungsgang, z. B. beim Auftragen eines Klarlackes, eine günstige, niedrige Blechtemperatur zu erhalten. Die dort vorgesehenen Blasdüsen 6 sind deshalb an ein weiteres Luftführungssystem angeschlossen, um die notwendige kalte Luft zu erhalten. Bevorzugt werden Lufttemperaturen von zirka 10°C bis 23°C.Zone 3 connects seamlessly to Zone 2. This consists only of a plurality of blowing nozzles 6. This zone 3 serves to cool the heated motor vehicle body. This is therefore necessary in the subsequent processing step, e.g. B. when applying a clear coat to get a cheap, low sheet temperature. The blow nozzles 6 provided there are therefore connected to a further air guidance system in order to obtain the necessary cold air. Air temperatures of approximately 10 ° C. to 23 ° C. are preferred.

Es hat sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, beide Zonen 2 und 3 gleich lang auszuführen.It has proven to be advantageous to make both zones 2 and 3 of the same length.

Claims (5)

1. A blow tunnel for drying lacquered workpieces, especially motor vehicle bodies, composed of a conveyor device for transporting the workpieces through the blow tunnel and of a plurality of radiation elements and blow nozzles which are arranged on the tunnel walls and/or ceilings, are connected to an air conveying system and blow air on to the workpieces to be dried, the blow tunnel being divided into two zones, characterized in that, in the first zone, considered in the direction of passage of the workpieces, radiation elements (5) and blow nozzles (6) are arranged in alternatively staggered manner and, in the adjoining second zone (3), only blow nozzles (6) are arranged.
2. A blow tunnel according to Claim 1, characterized in that infra-red radiation elements are provided as radiation elements (5).
3. A blow tunnel according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the temperature of the blown air is adjustable.
4. A blow tunnel according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the radiation elements (5) deliver a variable, adjustable heat output.
5. A blow tunnel according to any one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the blow nozzles (6) are assembled into groups which are each separately connected to air conveying systems.
EP86105663A 1985-04-30 1986-04-24 Blow tunnel for drying lacquered work pieces Expired EP0203377B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3515600A DE3515600C1 (en) 1985-04-30 1985-04-30 Blow tunnel for drying painted workpieces
DE3515600 1985-04-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0203377A1 EP0203377A1 (en) 1986-12-03
EP0203377B1 true EP0203377B1 (en) 1989-12-20

Family

ID=6269512

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86105663A Expired EP0203377B1 (en) 1985-04-30 1986-04-24 Blow tunnel for drying lacquered work pieces

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EP (1) EP0203377B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3515600C1 (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3806257A1 (en) * 1988-02-27 1989-08-31 Audi Ag Method of painting motor-vehicle bodies or components thereof
AU2570492A (en) * 1991-08-29 1993-04-05 Abb Flakt, Inc. Paint baking oven with infrared lamps
DE4336857A1 (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-05-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Process for drying automotive paints
DE4336856A1 (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-05-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Process for drying automotive paints
AT403518B (en) * 1993-12-01 1998-03-25 Hoffmann Friedrich METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DRYING AND / OR CURING COATINGS
FR2806153B1 (en) * 2000-03-09 2002-05-17 Renault INSTALLATION FOR HEATING THE UNDERBODY OF A MOTOR VEHICLE AFTER WAX INJECTION
DE102004042855B3 (en) * 2004-09-04 2006-01-05 Eisenmann Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Cooling device used in the manufacture of vehicle chasses comprises a cooling zone with a delimiting wall having a surface which is tempered
JP5196967B2 (en) 2007-11-15 2013-05-15 株式会社大気社 Coating drying method and coating drying apparatus
DE102012002865B4 (en) 2012-02-11 2021-06-10 Gogas Goch Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for the energetic optimization of the drying process of products treated with substances containing organic solvents
DE102013004131B4 (en) 2013-03-09 2022-07-28 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Device for treating a coating of a vehicle body

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE761999C (en) * 1942-07-03 1953-09-28 Aeg Device for drying painted objects by irradiating luminous bodies
US4257172A (en) * 1979-01-22 1981-03-24 Olympic Infra-Dry Inc. Combination forced air and infrared dryer
DE3016437A1 (en) * 1980-04-29 1981-11-05 Eisenmann KG Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft mbH & Co, 7030 Böblingen Drying cabinet for enamelled or lacquered articles - has movable IR radiant heating panels with reflectors each side of flow path
US4295826A (en) * 1980-06-20 1981-10-20 Michael Vasilantone Infrared dryer
GB2091858B (en) * 1980-12-11 1984-09-26 Infraroedteknik Ab Surface treatment of objects
GB2123537B (en) * 1982-05-17 1985-10-02 Electricity Council Convective drying
DE3406789C1 (en) * 1984-02-24 1989-07-20 Adolf 7251 Weissach Berkmann Process for drying particularly powder-coated workpieces by infrared radiation

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Publication number Publication date
DE3667722D1 (en) 1990-01-25
DE3515600C1 (en) 1986-10-09
EP0203377A1 (en) 1986-12-03

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