EP0202717A1 - Buried assembly having a signalling device - Google Patents

Buried assembly having a signalling device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0202717A1
EP0202717A1 EP86200854A EP86200854A EP0202717A1 EP 0202717 A1 EP0202717 A1 EP 0202717A1 EP 86200854 A EP86200854 A EP 86200854A EP 86200854 A EP86200854 A EP 86200854A EP 0202717 A1 EP0202717 A1 EP 0202717A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signaling device
telescopic arrangement
coaxial
buried
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86200854A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0202717B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Société Civile S.P.I.D. Tranin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cessione thomson - Trt Defense
Original Assignee
Telecommunications Radioelectriques et Telephoniques SA TRT
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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Application filed by Telecommunications Radioelectriques et Telephoniques SA TRT, Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV, Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Telecommunications Radioelectriques et Telephoniques SA TRT
Publication of EP0202717A1 publication Critical patent/EP0202717A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0202717B1 publication Critical patent/EP0202717B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B23/00—Land mines ; Land torpedoes
    • F42B23/24—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/14—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact operating at a predetermined distance from ground or target by means of a protruding member

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a buried system, comprising a signaling device consisting of a telescopic arrangement of coaxial tubes and comprising, means for increasing the internal pressure in order to develop the telescopic arrangement, means for controlling the increase in internal pressure from a predetermined time.
  • This telescopic arrangement is provided without sealing means and a first drawback of such a system is that it then requires a considerable increase in internal pressure, of the order of 500 bars and possibly up to 3000 bars, so that the telescopic arrangement has a practical chance of emerging in the open air.
  • This increase in internal pressure implies an excess of pyrotechnic charge to compensate for the lack of tightness without guaranteeing with certainty an exit to the open air of the telescopic arrangement, in a configuration buried in hard ground, in fact the leaks can be very, significant.
  • the excess pyrotechnic charge can lead to such violent ejection of the telescopic arrangement that it is torn from its support and thrown to great distance.
  • the present invention provides a system of the aforementioned kind which does not have the first drawback of the known system.
  • the buried system comprising a signaling device of the type mentioned in the preamble is remarkable in that the signaling device also has means for sealing the telescopic arrangement, at the level of the coaxial tubes and a means to ensure the conservation of said seal during the development of the telescopic arrangement.
  • the internal pressure is under control.
  • a relatively moderate pressure (30 to 100 bars) is then sufficient to pierce the ground and lead to the open air. Keeping this seal results in a systematic exit to the open air of the telescopic arrangement.
  • the means for sealing the telescopic arrangement are O-rings placed around the coaxial tubes.
  • the means for ensuring the preservation of the seal inside the telescopic arrangement is a washer fixed to the top of the central coaxial tube and the edges of which rest on the top of the outer coaxial tube.
  • the invention proposes a remarkable buried system in that the means for achieving sealing in cooperation with the means for ensuring preservation of said sealing impose a development of the coaxial tubes in a determined order.
  • the buried system differs from the known system in that the means for ensuring the preservation of the seal in cooperation with the means for achieving said seal constitutes a non-return system for coaxial tubes.
  • the outer tube is the first to go up (tube which has the base of larger surface therefore on which the applied force is the most intense) and when it starts to go up it automatically drives the central tube, the washer fixed with the central tube resting on the edges of the outer tube, the other coaxial tubes follow simultaneously due to the friction imposed by the O-rings (the friction forces having moduli greater than the differences in moduli of the forces applied to two adjacent coaxial tubes). So if the telescopic arrangement has n coaxial tubes. the n coaxial tubes will go up simultaneously. The outer tube stops climbing when it has completed its maximum stroke.
  • the washer which is the means to ensure the preservation of the seal also serves as a non-return system, it can no longer occur jamming (earth for example), the different tubes then rise simultaneously excluding all possibilities jamming or even falling back due to a jam.
  • FIG. 1 the buried system 1 comprising a signaling device 2 proposed in its rest position.
  • the signaling device 2 consists on the one hand of a cylindrical casing 4, fixed relative to the buried device 1, of a movable outer tube 5, of a movable central tube 6 and of a plurality of intermediate tubes 7 (in the figure, 3 intermediate tubes 7 are shown, this number is obviously not limiting). Coaxial tubes which therefore have decreasing diameters are correctly adjusted to each other.
  • the signaling device 2 further comprises means 8 for increasing the internal pressure in order to develop telescopic storage 3 and means 9 for controlling the increase in internal pressure from a predetermined instant.
  • the means 8 are embodied by a gas-generating composition which can be, for example, black powder of the PN6 type, propellant or any other slow composition which can generate an overpressure inside the cylindrical casing 4 and the means 9 are embodied by an electric match which ignites the gas-generating composition 8 at a predetermined instant.
  • a shutter 10 hermetically closes the base of the cylindrical envelope 4 also serving as a support for the electric match 9.
  • a closing cap 11 closes in a non-hermetic manner the upper part of the cylindrical envelope 4.
  • the signaling device 2 also has means 12 for sealing the telescopic arrangement at the level of the coaxial tubes and means 13 for ensuring the conservation of said seal during the development of the telescopic arrangement.
  • the means 12 are materialized by O-rings arranged around the coaxial tubes and the means 13 is a washer fixed to the top of the central coaxial tube 6 and whose edges rest on the top of the tube outer coaxial 5 and therefore also on the edges of the intermediate coaxial tubes 7.
  • the signaling device is particularly and advantageously applicable to electronic anti-tank mines.
  • This type of mine has a period of activity voluntarily limited in time, at the end of which it returns to the "safety" state.
  • This transition to the "security” state does not, in principle, translate into anything perceptible, and it may prove useful to materialize it by a status indicator which is here configured by the signaling device 2, the The purpose of the status indicator is to visualize the "security" state, thus making it possible to identify mines or to cross one's own minefield.
  • the electric match 9 is lit igniting the gas-generating composition 8 and thus causing the increase in internal pressure .
  • the telescopic arrangement of the coaxial tubes 3 is developed according to the determined order. The n movable tubes rising simultaneously by virtue of the principles set out above, this up to the maximum stroke of the outer coaxial tube 5, then the (n-1) remaining tubes rise in their turn and so on until the complete exit of the central coaxial tube 6.
  • compositions which generate slow gases If there is little or no resistance above the device 2, in particular if the mine is almost exposed, the pressure of the gases has the simple effect of compensating for the weight of the tubes and their friction, the device 2 deploying slowly to its maximum length. If the mine is buried deeper or if the layer of soil under which it is buried is harder, then there is exerted on this layer of soil which is proportional to its resistance. After which the ground cracks, the pebbles possibly being on the path of the device 2 being moved and the device 2 deploying to its maximum length.
  • the buried system which, on the other hand, has an electrical connection essential to its original operation, is remarkable in that there is provided a means for causing the cutting of the essential electrical connection. to the original operation.
  • the means for causing the interruption of the electrical connection essential for the original functioning of the buried system is preferably the electrical match of the signaling device, to which said electrical connection is connected in series.
  • the buried system which has a signaling device has at least one original function which is specific to it.
  • this mine has a firing device which is triggered when a vehicle passes.
  • an electrical connection is essential to allow the functioning and the triggering of the system.
  • the signaling device is deployed in order to allow the visualization of this state and on the other hand, the electrical connection essential for the functioning of the buried system is cut, more particularly when this system is a mine, it is the connection to the firing system of the military charge which is cut.
  • this electrical connection F essential for the functioning of the buried system 1 is connected in series on the electric match 9 of the signaling device 2 so that when the electric match ignites to trigger the development of the telescopic arrangement 3 , the electrical connection F is simultaneously broken, the electric match having operated as a fuse under the effect of heat.
  • the operation of the signaling device constitutes additional and unambiguous proof of the "safety" state, even in the very unlikely case of an accidental ignition of the electric match 9. It would indeed be intolerable for the signaling device gives in this circumstance a false indication.
  • the electrical connection essential for the original operation is a fusible conductive wire passing around the contours of the electric match 9 and which then melts under the effect of the heat released by the latter during its ignition. .
  • the electrical connection essential for the original operation is a conductive wire secured at one point of the central tube 6, for example attached to the base of the central tube, which breaks by necking effect during development of the telescopic arrangement 3.
  • Figure 2a shows in detail an embodiment of a coaxial tube of the telescopic arrangement, which can be the outer coaxial tube 5 (Figure 1) or any intermediate tube 7, a central coaxial tube being shown in Figure 2c the detail of an alternative embodiment applicable to FIGS. 2a and 2c is shown in FIG. 2b.
  • the outer coaxial tube 5 (for example) is shown in section.
  • This tube has the diameter D1 over its longest length referenced L1, over its length L2 it has an outer shoulder 14 of diameter D2 (D2> D1) on which the O-ring 12 shown in dotted lines rests. It is bored to an internal diameter D3 (D3 ⁇ D1) over its length L3 and to a diameter D4 - (D4 ⁇ D3) over its length L4, an internal shoulder 15 being thus obtained on which the O-ring of the coaxial tube of diameter directly below that of the tube shown in the drawing, comes crashing down.
  • the O-ring 12 can be partly placed in a groove 16 which would then be located above the shoulder 14, of any coaxial tube 5, 6, 7 .
  • FIG. 2c an embodiment of the central coaxial tube 6 which is shown in section.
  • This tube has the diameter D'1 over its length L1, it also has an external shoulder 14, of diameter D'2 (D'2> D'1) over its length L2, on which the O-ring 12 - rests (shown with dots).
  • the central coaxial tube is full over its entire length.
  • Figure 2c is shown a variant of the central coaxial tube, which is bored to an internal diameter D'3 - (D'3 ⁇ D'1) over its length L'3, but remains full over its length L'4 .
  • the means for increasing the internal pressure are arranged inside the bore of the central coaxial tube, which is bored without opening, in order to increase the internal pressure.
  • the gas-generating composition 8 can preferably be placed inside the central coaxial tube 6 as shown in FIG. 2c, instead of 'be arranged on the shutter 10 as proposed in Figure 1.
  • the washer 13 which is the means for ensuring the conservation of the seal.
  • the fixing means of the washer 13 is obviously produced by welding, it can also be produced simply by screwing.
  • Figure 3 is shown the signaling device 2 of the system buried in its deployed position.
  • the fixed cylindrical casing 4 as well as the external coaxial tube 5 and a part of the intermediate coaxial tubes 7 remain buried in the ground S, while the other part of the intermediate coaxial tubes 7 and the central coaxial tube 6 on which is fixed the washer 13 have come out of the ground, are in the open air thus signaling the location of the buried system.
  • the contrast with the external environment can be improved by using coaxial tubes of different colors.
  • Another possible application of such a device could be a remote-controlled mine antenna.

Abstract

Ce système enterré 1 qui comporte un dispositif de signalisation 2 constitué d'un arrangement télescopique 3 de tubes coaxiaux 4, 5, 6, 7, des moyens 8 pour accroître la pression interne afin de développer l'arrangement télescopique 3, des moyens 9 pour commander l'accroissement de pression interne à un instant donné, est remarquable en ce qu'il possède en outre des moyens 12 pour réaliser l'étanchéité de l'arrangement télescopique 3 au niveau des tubes coaxiaux 4, 5, 6, 7 et un moyen 13 pour assurer la conservation de l'étanchéité pendant le développement de l'arrangement télescopique 3. Les moyens 12 et 13 coopèrent avantageusement pour imposer le développement des tubes coaxiaux 4, 5, 6, 7 dans un ordre déterminé, ce qui améliore la rigidité du dispositif et autorise une sortie systématique à l'air libre d'une partie de celui-ci.This buried system 1 which comprises a signaling device 2 consisting of a telescopic arrangement 3 of coaxial tubes 4, 5, 6, 7, means 8 for increasing the internal pressure in order to develop the telescopic arrangement 3, means 9 for controlling the increase in internal pressure at a given time is remarkable in that it also has means 12 for sealing the telescopic arrangement 3 at the level of the coaxial tubes 4, 5, 6, 7 and a means 13 for ensuring the preservation of the seal during the development of the telescopic arrangement 3. The means 12 and 13 cooperate advantageously to impose the development of the coaxial tubes 4, 5, 6, 7 in a determined order, which improves the rigidity of the device and allows a systematic exit to the open air of a part of it.

Description

La présente invention concerne un système enterré, comportant un dispositif de signalisation consitué d'un arrangement télescopique de tubes coaxiaux et comportant, des moyens pour accroître la pression interne afin de développer l'arrangement télescopique, des moyens pour commander l'accroissement de pression interne à partir d'un instant prédéterminé.The present invention relates to a buried system, comprising a signaling device consisting of a telescopic arrangement of coaxial tubes and comprising, means for increasing the internal pressure in order to develop the telescopic arrangement, means for controlling the increase in internal pressure from a predetermined time.

Un tel système est connu du brevet français n° 2 351 378. Dans ce brevet, qui est relatif à un artifice de signalisation de fonctionnement d'un engin d'exercice, normalement enfoui sous terre, un arrangement télescopique de tubes coaxiaux est susceptible de se développer sous l'action d'une ou deux charges pyrotechniques de développement dont l'allumage produit une augmentation de pression interne pour forcer le développement de l'arrangement télescopique et vaincre la résistance du terrain dans lequel l'engin est enfoui, l'arrangement télescopique en fin de développement émergeant alors à l'air libre. Cet arrangement télescopique est prévu sans moyens d'étanchéité et un premier inconvénient d'un tel système est qu'il nécessite alors un accroissement de pression interne considérable, de l'ordre de 500 bars et pouvant aller jusqu'à 3000 bars, pour que l'arrangement télescopique ait une chance en pratique d'émerger à l'air libre. Cet accroissement de pression interne implique alors un excédent de charge pyrotechnique pour compenser le manque d'étanchéité sans pour autant garantir avec certitude une sortie à l'air libre de l'arrangement télescopique, dans une configuration enfouie dans un sol dur, en effet les fuites peuvent être très, importantes. A l'inverse, en configuration mine posée sur le sol ou enfouie au ras du sol, l'excédent de charge pyrotechnique peut conduire à une éjection si violente de l'arrangement télescopique que celui-ci est arraché de son support et projeté à grande distance.Such a system is known from French Patent No. 2,351,378. In this patent, which relates to a device for signaling the operation of an exercise machine, normally buried underground, a telescopic arrangement of coaxial tubes is capable of develop under the action of one or two pyrotechnic development charges, the ignition of which produces an increase in internal pressure to force the development of the telescopic arrangement and overcome the resistance of the ground in which the machine is buried, the telescopic arrangement at the end of development then emerging in the open air. This telescopic arrangement is provided without sealing means and a first drawback of such a system is that it then requires a considerable increase in internal pressure, of the order of 500 bars and possibly up to 3000 bars, so that the telescopic arrangement has a practical chance of emerging in the open air. This increase in internal pressure then implies an excess of pyrotechnic charge to compensate for the lack of tightness without guaranteeing with certainty an exit to the open air of the telescopic arrangement, in a configuration buried in hard ground, in fact the leaks can be very, significant. Conversely, in a mine configuration placed on the ground or buried at ground level, the excess pyrotechnic charge can lead to such violent ejection of the telescopic arrangement that it is torn from its support and thrown to great distance.

La présente invention propose un système du genre précité qui ne présente pas le premier inconvénient du système connu.The present invention provides a system of the aforementioned kind which does not have the first drawback of the known system.

Pour cela, le système enterré comportant un dispositif de signalisation du type mentionné dans le préambule est remarquable en ce que le dispositif de signalisation possède en outre des moyens pour réaliser l'étanchéité de l'arrangement télescopique, au niveau des tubes coaxiaux et un moyen pour assurer la conservation de ladite étanchéité pendant le développement de l'arrangement télescopique. En effet lorsque l'étanchéité est réalisée et conservée, il est clair que la pression interne est maîtrisée. Il suffit alors d'une pression relativement modérée (30 à 100 bars) pour percer le sol et déboucher à l'air libre. La conservation de cette étanchéité entraîne une sortie systématique à l'air libre de l'arrangement télescopique.For this, the buried system comprising a signaling device of the type mentioned in the preamble is remarkable in that the signaling device also has means for sealing the telescopic arrangement, at the level of the coaxial tubes and a means to ensure the conservation of said seal during the development of the telescopic arrangement. In fact, when the seal is produced and kept, it is clear that the internal pressure is under control. A relatively moderate pressure (30 to 100 bars) is then sufficient to pierce the ground and lead to the open air. Keeping this seal results in a systematic exit to the open air of the telescopic arrangement.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention les moyens pour réaliser l'étanchéité de l'arrangement télescopique sont des joints toriques disposés autour des tubes coaxiaux.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the means for sealing the telescopic arrangement are O-rings placed around the coaxial tubes.

Selon une des caractéristiques de l'invention le moyen pour assurer la conservation de l'étanchéité à l'intérieur de l'arrangement télescopique est une rondelle fixée au sommet du tube coaxial central et dont les bords reposent sur le sommet du tube coaxial extérieur.According to one of the characteristics of the invention, the means for ensuring the preservation of the seal inside the telescopic arrangement is a washer fixed to the top of the central coaxial tube and the edges of which rest on the top of the outer coaxial tube.

D'autre part il existe un deuxième inconvénient du système connu, en effet, en considérant la formule bien connue F = Ps, pour une pression donnée P, la force appliquée F est d'autant plus intense que la surface s sur laquelle s'exerce la pression est grande. Ainsi la pression interne qui s'exerce sur les bases des différents tubes coaxiaux entraîne logiquement, en premier, le tube coaxial dont la base possède la plus grande surface, ce tube étant le tube extérieur de plus grand diamètre. Dans ces conditions le tube qui sort le premier et qui bien entendu est creux, a de fortes chances de se voir remplir, par exemple de terre par un effet semblable à celui qui serait obtenu lors d'un carottage ce qui produit un bourrage, empêchant ainsi le développement normal des autres tubes coaxiaux.On the other hand there is a second drawback of the known system, in fact, considering the well-known formula F = Ps, for a given pressure P, the applied force F is all the more intense as the surface s on which s the pressure is great. Thus the internal pressure which is exerted on the bases of the various coaxial tubes logically entails, first, the coaxial tube whose base has the largest surface, this tube being the outer tube of larger diameter. Under these conditions, the tube which comes out first and which, of course, is hollow, is very likely to be filled, for example with earth, by an effect similar to that which would be obtained during coring, which produces a blockage, preventing thus the normal development of other coaxial tubes.

C'est afin d'éviter ce deuxième inconvénient particulièrement gênant lorsque le nombre de tubes est supérieur à deux, que l'invention propose un système enterré remarquable en ce que les moyens pour réaliser l'étanchéité en coopération avec le moyen pour assurer la conservation de ladite étanchéité imposent un développement des tubes coaxiaux dans un ordre déterminé.It is in order to avoid this particularly inconvenient second drawback when the number of tubes is greater than two, that the invention proposes a remarkable buried system in that the means for achieving sealing in cooperation with the means for ensuring preservation of said sealing impose a development of the coaxial tubes in a determined order.

Dans ce même objectif et selon un autre aspect de l'invention le système enterré se distingue du système connu en ce que le moyen pour assurer la conservation de l'étanchéité en coopération avec les moyens pour réaliser ladite étanchéité consitue un système anti-retour pour les tubes coaxiaux.With this same objective and according to another aspect of the invention, the buried system differs from the known system in that the means for ensuring the preservation of the seal in cooperation with the means for achieving said seal constitutes a non-return system for coaxial tubes.

En effet, le'tube extérieur est le premier à monter (tube qui possède la base de plus grande surface donc sur lequel la force appliquée est la plus intense) et lorsqu'il commence à monter il entraîne automatiquement le tube central, la rondelle fixée au tube central reposant sur les bords du tube extérieur, les autres tubes coaxiaux suivent simultanément du fait de la friction imposée par les joints toriques (les forces de friction ayant des modules supérieurs aux différences des modules des forces appliquées à deux tubes coaxiaux adjacents). Ainsi si l'arrangement télescopique possède n tubes coaxiaux. les n tubes coaxiaux vont monter simultanément. Le tube extérieur s'arrête de monter lorsqu'il a accompli sa course maximum. Des n-1 tubes coaxiaux restants celui qui est le plus à l'extérieur subit la plus grande force, du fait que sa surface de base est maintenant la plus importante, il continue donc de monter entraînant le tube central grâce à la rondelle qui repose aussi sur ses bords, les autres tubes coaxiaux étant de même entraînés du fait des forces de friction. Lorsque le tube le plus à l'extérieur a accompli à son tour sa course maximale il s'arrête, et alors les n-2 tubes restants continuent de monter suivant le même principe. Et ainsi de suite jusqu'à ce qu'il ne reste que le tube central qui s'arrête à son tour lorsqu'il a atteint sa course maximale.Indeed, the outer tube is the first to go up (tube which has the base of larger surface therefore on which the applied force is the most intense) and when it starts to go up it automatically drives the central tube, the washer fixed with the central tube resting on the edges of the outer tube, the other coaxial tubes follow simultaneously due to the friction imposed by the O-rings (the friction forces having moduli greater than the differences in moduli of the forces applied to two adjacent coaxial tubes). So if the telescopic arrangement has n coaxial tubes. the n coaxial tubes will go up simultaneously. The outer tube stops climbing when it has completed its maximum stroke. Of the n-1 coaxial tubes remaining, the one which is the most outside undergoes the greatest force, because its base surface is now the largest, it therefore continues to rise driving the central tube thanks to the washer which rests also on its edges, the other coaxial tubes being likewise driven due to the friction forces. When the outermost tube in turn has completed its maximum stroke it stops, and then the remaining n-2 tubes continue to rise on the same principle. And so on until there remains only the central tube which stops in turn when it has reached its maximum stroke.

De cette manière, les tubes ne s'étant jamais désolidarisés, l'étanchéité a été conservée. Du fait de la montée simultanée du n tubes, puis des (n-1) tubes etc..., une importante rigidité est conférée au système ce qui est un avantage supplémentaire pour une sortie systématique de l'arrangement télescopique.In this way, the tubes never having separated, the seal was kept. Due to the simultaneous rise of the n tubes, then of the (n-1) tubes, etc., considerable rigidity is imparted to the system, which is an additional advantage for systematic exit from the telescopic arrangement.

D'autre part la rondelle qui est le moyen pour assurer la conservation de l'étanchéité sert aussi de système anti-retour, il ne peut plus se produire de bourrage (de terre par exemple), les différents tubes montent alors simultanément excluant toutes possibilités de coincement ou même de recul du fait d'un bourrage.On the other hand the washer which is the means to ensure the preservation of the seal also serves as a non-return system, it can no longer occur jamming (earth for example), the different tubes then rise simultaneously excluding all possibilities jamming or even falling back due to a jam.

La description suivante en regard des dessins annexés, le tout donné à titre d'exemple, fera bien comprendre comment l'invention peut être réalisée.The following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, all given by way of example, will make it clear how the invention can be implemented.

  • La figure 1 montre une vue en coupe du système enterré dont le dispositif de signalisation est présenté dans sa position de repos.Figure 1 shows a sectional view of the buried system whose signaling device is presented in its rest position.
  • Les figures 2a, 2b et 2c , montrent en détail un exemple de réalisation de tubes coaxiaux de l'arrangement télescopique.Figures 2a, 2b and 2c show in detail an embodiment of coaxial tubes of the telescopic arrangement.
  • La figure 3 montre le dispositif de signalisation du système enterré présenté dans sa position déployée.FIG. 3 shows the signaling device of the buried system presented in its deployed position.

Sur la figure 1 est représenté le système enterré 1 comportant un dispositif de signalisation 2 proposé dans sa position de repos. Le dispositif de signalisation 2 est constitué d'une part d'un enveloppe cylindrique 4, fixe par rapport au dispositif enterré 1, d'un tube extérieur 5 mobile, d'un tube central 6 mobile et d'une pluralité de tubes intermédiaires 7 (sur la figure, 3 tubes intermédiaires 7 sont représentés, ce nombre n'est évidemment pas limitatif). Les tubes coaxiaux qui ont donc des diamètres décroissants sont correctement ajustés les uns aux autres. Le dispositif de signalisation 2 comprend d'autre part des moyens 8 pour accroître la pression interne afin de développer rar- rangement télescopique 3 et des moyens 9 pour commander l'accroissement de pression interne à partir d'un instant prédéterminé. Dans une réalisation préférée du système de l'invention les moyens 8 sont concrétisés par une composition génératrice de gaz qui peut être par exemple de la poudre noire du genre PN6, du propergol ou tout autre composition lente pouvant engendrer une surpression à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe cylindrique 4 et les moyens 9 sont concrétisés par une allumette électrique qui enflamme la composition génératrice de gaz 8 à un instant prédéterminé. Un obturateur 10 vient clore hermétiquement la base de l'enveloppe cylindrique 4 servant également de support à l'allumette électrique 9. Enfin un capuchon de fermeture 11 vient clore de façon non hermétique la partie supérieure de l'enveloppe cylindrique 4. Conformément à l'invention le dispositif de signalisation 2 possède en outre des moyens 12 pour réaliser l'étanchéité de l'arrangement télescopique au niveau des tubes coaxiaux et un moyen 13 pour assurer la conservation de ladite étanchéité pendant le développement de l'arrangement télescopique. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, les moyens 12 sont matérialisés par des joints toriques disposés autour des tubes coaxiaux et le moyen 13 est une rondelle fixée au sommet du tube coaxial central 6 et dont les bords reposent sur le sommet du tube coaxial extérieur 5 et donc également sur les bords des tubes coaxiaux intermédiaires 7.In Figure 1 is shown the buried system 1 comprising a signaling device 2 proposed in its rest position. The signaling device 2 consists on the one hand of a cylindrical casing 4, fixed relative to the buried device 1, of a movable outer tube 5, of a movable central tube 6 and of a plurality of intermediate tubes 7 (in the figure, 3 intermediate tubes 7 are shown, this number is obviously not limiting). Coaxial tubes which therefore have decreasing diameters are correctly adjusted to each other. The signaling device 2 further comprises means 8 for increasing the internal pressure in order to develop telescopic storage 3 and means 9 for controlling the increase in internal pressure from a predetermined instant. In a preferred embodiment of the system of the invention, the means 8 are embodied by a gas-generating composition which can be, for example, black powder of the PN6 type, propellant or any other slow composition which can generate an overpressure inside the cylindrical casing 4 and the means 9 are embodied by an electric match which ignites the gas-generating composition 8 at a predetermined instant. A shutter 10 hermetically closes the base of the cylindrical envelope 4 also serving as a support for the electric match 9. Finally, a closing cap 11 closes in a non-hermetic manner the upper part of the cylindrical envelope 4. In accordance with l The invention the signaling device 2 also has means 12 for sealing the telescopic arrangement at the level of the coaxial tubes and means 13 for ensuring the conservation of said seal during the development of the telescopic arrangement. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the means 12 are materialized by O-rings arranged around the coaxial tubes and the means 13 is a washer fixed to the top of the central coaxial tube 6 and whose edges rest on the top of the tube outer coaxial 5 and therefore also on the edges of the intermediate coaxial tubes 7.

Le dispositif de signalisation s'applique particulièrement et avantageusement bien aux mines antichar électroniques. Ce genre de mine a une durée d'activité volontairement limitée dans le temps, à l'issue de laquelle elle retourne à l'état "sécurité". Ce passage à l'état "sécurité" ne se traduit, en principe, par rien de perceptible, et il peut s'avérer utile de le matérialiser par un indicateur d'état qui est ici configuré par le dispositif de signalisation 2, l'indicateur d'état a pour but de visualiser l'état "sécurité", permettant ainsi de relever les mines ou de traverser son propre champ de mines.The signaling device is particularly and advantageously applicable to electronic anti-tank mines. This type of mine has a period of activity voluntarily limited in time, at the end of which it returns to the "safety" state. This transition to the "security" state does not, in principle, translate into anything perceptible, and it may prove useful to materialize it by a status indicator which is here configured by the signaling device 2, the The purpose of the status indicator is to visualize the "security" state, thus making it possible to identify mines or to cross one's own minefield.

Ainsi lorsque la mine est électriquement placée à l'état "sécurité" après untemps prédéterminé, qui peut être par exemple de 30 jours, l'allumette électrique 9 est allumée enflammant la composition génératrice de gaz 8 et provoquant ainsi l'accroissement de pression interne. Lorsque la pression augmente à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe cylindrique 4, l'arrangement télescopique des tubes coaxiaux 3 est développé selon l'ordre déterminé. Les n tubes mobiles s'élevant simultanément en vertu des principes énoncés précédemment, ceci jusqu'à la course maximale du tube coaxial extérieur 5, puis les (n-1 ) tubes restants s'élèvent à leur tour et ainsi de suite jusqu'à la sortie complète du tube coaxial central 6. Ainsi, il est obtenu une sortie systématique du dispositif de signalisation 2 du fait de la rigidité conférée au dispositif et de la conservation de l'étanchéité dans le dispositif et ceci sans perdre de l'idée qu'il est plus aisé de soulever et de briser une couche de terre de manière progressive que de le faire de manière brutale et quasi instantanée. Le délai d'exécution de l'opération qui peut s'échelonner de quelques secondes à plusieurs minutes, selon la nature du terrain rencontré, n'est pas critique pour l'utilisateur sachant que la durée d'activité d'une mine se mesure en jours ou en mois.Thus when the mine is electrically placed in the "safety" state after a predetermined time, which can be for example 30 days, the electric match 9 is lit igniting the gas-generating composition 8 and thus causing the increase in internal pressure . When the pressure increases inside the cylindrical envelope 4, the telescopic arrangement of the coaxial tubes 3 is developed according to the determined order. The n movable tubes rising simultaneously by virtue of the principles set out above, this up to the maximum stroke of the outer coaxial tube 5, then the (n-1) remaining tubes rise in their turn and so on until the complete exit of the central coaxial tube 6. Thus, a systematic exit from the signaling device 2 is obtained due to the rigidity imparted to the device and the preservation of the seal in the device, without losing the idea that 'It is easier to lift and break a layer of soil in a progressive way than to do it in a brutal and almost instantaneous way. The execution time of the operation which can range from a few seconds to several minutes, depending on the nature of the terrain encountered, is not critical for the user knowing that the duration of mine activity is measured in days or months.

On notera donc, qu'il est avantageux de choisir des compositions génératrices de gaz lentes. S'il n'y a pas ou peu de résistance au dessus du dispositif 2, en particulier si la mine est presque à découvert, la pression des gaz a pour simple effet de compenser le poids des tubes et leur friction, le dispositif 2 se déployant alors lentement jusqu'à sa longueur maximum. Si la mine est enfouie plus profondément ou si la couche de terre sous laquelle elle est enfouie est plus dure, il s'exerce alors sur cette couche de terre une pression qui est proportionnelle à sa résistance. Après quoi le sol se fissure, les cailloux se trouvant éventuellement sur la trajectoire du dispositif 2 étant déplacés et le dispositif 2 se déployant jusqu'à sa longueur maximum.It will therefore be noted that it is advantageous to choose compositions which generate slow gases. If there is little or no resistance above the device 2, in particular if the mine is almost exposed, the pressure of the gases has the simple effect of compensating for the weight of the tubes and their friction, the device 2 deploying slowly to its maximum length. If the mine is buried deeper or if the layer of soil under which it is buried is harder, then there is exerted on this layer of soil which is proportional to its resistance. After which the ground cracks, the pebbles possibly being on the path of the device 2 being moved and the device 2 deploying to its maximum length.

Dans un mode de réalisation préféré du système selon l'invention, le système enterré qui possède d'autre part une liaison électrique essentielle à son fonctionnement originel est remarquable en ce qu'il est prévu un moyen pour provoquer la coupure de la liaison électrique essentielle au fonctionnement originel. Le moyen pour provoquer la coupure de la liaison électrique essentielle au fonctionnement originel du système enterré est de préférence l'allumette électrique du dispositif de signalisation, sur laquelle est connectée en série ladite liaison électrique.In a preferred embodiment of the system according to the invention, the buried system which, on the other hand, has an electrical connection essential to its original operation, is remarkable in that there is provided a means for causing the cutting of the essential electrical connection. to the original operation. The means for causing the interruption of the electrical connection essential for the original functioning of the buried system is preferably the electrical match of the signaling device, to which said electrical connection is connected in series.

En effet, le système enterré qui possède un dispositif de signalisation a au moins une fonction originelle qui lui est propre. Dans le cas d'application à une mine antichar électronique, cette mine possède un dispositif de mise à feu qui est déclenché au passage d'un véhicule. Ainsi une liaison électrique est essentielle pour permettre le fonctionnement et le déclenchement du système. Lors du passage de la mine à l'état "sécurité", d'une part le dispositif de signalisation se déploie afin de permettre la visualisation de cet état et d'autre part, la liaison électrique essentielle au fonctionnement du système enterré est coupée, plus particulièrement lorsque ce système est une mine, c'est la liaison au système de mise à feu de la charge militaire qui est coupée. Pour cela cette liaison électrique F essentielle au fonctionnement du système enterré 1 est connectée en série sur l'allumette électrique 9 du dispositif de signalisation 2 de telle sorte que lorsque l'allumette électrique s'enflamme pour déclencher le développement de l'arrangement télescopique 3, la liaison électrique F est simultanément rompue, l'allumette électrique ayant fonctionnée comme un fusible sous l'effet de la chaleur. Ainsi le fonctionnement du dispositif de signalisation constitue une preuve supplémentaire et non ambiguë de l'état "sécurité", même dans le cas très improbable d'un allumage accidentel de l'allumette électrique 9. Il serait en effet intolérable que le dispositif de signalisation donne dans cette circonstance une fausse indication.Indeed, the buried system which has a signaling device has at least one original function which is specific to it. In the case of application to an electronic anti-tank mine, this mine has a firing device which is triggered when a vehicle passes. Thus an electrical connection is essential to allow the functioning and the triggering of the system. During the passage of the mine to the "safety" state, on the one hand the signaling device is deployed in order to allow the visualization of this state and on the other hand, the electrical connection essential for the functioning of the buried system is cut, more particularly when this system is a mine, it is the connection to the firing system of the military charge which is cut. For this this electrical connection F essential for the functioning of the buried system 1 is connected in series on the electric match 9 of the signaling device 2 so that when the electric match ignites to trigger the development of the telescopic arrangement 3 , the electrical connection F is simultaneously broken, the electric match having operated as a fuse under the effect of heat. Thus the operation of the signaling device constitutes additional and unambiguous proof of the "safety" state, even in the very unlikely case of an accidental ignition of the electric match 9. It would indeed be intolerable for the signaling device gives in this circumstance a false indication.

Selon une variante non représentée sur le dessin, la liaison électrique essentielle au fonctionnement originel est un fil conducteur fusible passant aux contours de l'allumette électrique 9 et qui fond alors sous l'effet de la chaleur dégagée par celle-ci lors de son allumage.According to a variant not shown in the drawing, the electrical connection essential for the original operation is a fusible conductive wire passing around the contours of the electric match 9 and which then melts under the effect of the heat released by the latter during its ignition. .

Selon une autre variante non représentée sur le dessin, la liaison électrique essentielle au fonctionnement originel est un fil conducteur solidaire en un point du tube central 6, par exemple accroché à la base du tube central, qui se romp par effet de striction lors du développement de l'arrangement télescopique 3.According to another variant not shown in the drawing, the electrical connection essential for the original operation is a conductive wire secured at one point of the central tube 6, for example attached to the base of the central tube, which breaks by necking effect during development of the telescopic arrangement 3.

La figure 2a montre en détail un exemple de réalisation d'un tube coaxial de l'arrangement télescopique, qui peut être le tube coaxial extérieur 5 (figure 1 ) ou un quelconque tube intermédiaire 7, un tube coaxial central étant lui montré à la figure 2c le détail d'une variante de réalisation applicable aux figures 2aet-2c est montré à la figure 2b.Figure 2a shows in detail an embodiment of a coaxial tube of the telescopic arrangement, which can be the outer coaxial tube 5 (Figure 1) or any intermediate tube 7, a central coaxial tube being shown in Figure 2c the detail of an alternative embodiment applicable to FIGS. 2a and 2c is shown in FIG. 2b.

Sur la figure 2a le tube coaxial extérieur 5 (par exemple) est représenté en coupe. Ce tube a pour diamètre D1 sur sa plus grande longueur référencée L1, sur sa longueur L2 il possède un épaulement extérieur 14 de diamètre D2 (D2 > D1) sur lequel repose le joint torique 12 représenté en pointillés. Il est alésé à un diamètre intérieur D3 (D3 < D1) sur sa longueur L3 et à un diamètre D4 - (D4 < D3) sur sa longueur L4, un épaulement intérieur 15 étant ainsi obtenu sur lequel le joint torique du tube coaxial de diamètre directement inférieur à celui du tube représenté sur le dessin, vient s'écraser. A la fin du développement du tube de diamètre directement inférieur, le joint est comprimé entre l'épaulement intérieur 15 du tube représenté sur le dessin et l'épaulement extérieur du tube de diamètre directement inférieur, le joint continuant d'assurer l'étanchéité alors que les tubes coaxiaux adjacents restent solidaires par l'intermédiaire de leurs épaulements intérieurs et extérieurs.In Figure 2a the outer coaxial tube 5 (for example) is shown in section. This tube has the diameter D1 over its longest length referenced L1, over its length L2 it has an outer shoulder 14 of diameter D2 (D2> D1) on which the O-ring 12 shown in dotted lines rests. It is bored to an internal diameter D3 (D3 <D1) over its length L3 and to a diameter D4 - (D4 <D3) over its length L4, an internal shoulder 15 being thus obtained on which the O-ring of the coaxial tube of diameter directly below that of the tube shown in the drawing, comes crashing down. At the end of the development of the tube of directly smaller diameter, the joint is compressed between the inner shoulder 15 of the tube shown in the drawing and the outer shoulder of the tube of directly smaller diameter, the joint continuing to seal then that the adjacent coaxial tubes remain integral by means of their internal and external shoulders.

Selon une variante de réalisation dont le détail est représenté sur la figure 2b le joint torique 12 peut être en partie placé dans une gorge 16 qui se situerait alors au dessus de l'épaulement 14, d'un quelconque tube coaxial 5, 6, 7.According to an alternative embodiment, the detail of which is shown in FIG. 2b, the O-ring 12 can be partly placed in a groove 16 which would then be located above the shoulder 14, of any coaxial tube 5, 6, 7 .

Sur la figure 2c est montré un exemple de réalisation du tube coaxial central 6 que est représenté en coupe. Ce tube a pour diamètre D'1 sur sa longueur L1, il possède aussi un épaulement extérieur 14, de diamètre D'2 (D'2 > D'1) sur sa longueur L2, sur lequel repose le joint torique 12 - (représenté en pointillés). En principe, et comme il est représenté sur la figure 1, le tube coaxial central est plein sur toute sa longueur. Cependant sur la figure 2c est montré une variante du tube coaxial central, qui est alésé à un diamètre intérieur D'3 - (D'3 < D'1) sur sa longueur L'3, mais reste plein sur sa longueur L'4. Selon une caractéristique du système ainsi réalisé, à l'intérieur de l'alésage du tube coaxial central, qui est alésé sans déboucher, sont disposés les moyens pour accroître la pression interne. En effet, afin de provoquer avantageusement une réaction chimique encore plus lente et de mieux maîtriser sa vitesse, la composition génératrice de gaz 8 peut être disposée de préférence à l'intérieur du tube coaxial central 6 comme représenté sur la figure 2c, au lieu d'être disposée sur l'obturateur 10 comme proposé à la figure 1. Au sommet du tube coaxial central 6 est fixée la rondelle 13 qui est le moyen pour assurer la conservation de l'étanchéité. Le moyen de fixation de la rondelle 13 est réalisé à l'évidence par soudage, il peut être aussi réalisé simplement par vissage.In Figure 2c is shown an embodiment of the central coaxial tube 6 which is shown in section. This tube has the diameter D'1 over its length L1, it also has an external shoulder 14, of diameter D'2 (D'2> D'1) over its length L2, on which the O-ring 12 - rests (shown with dots). In principle, and as shown in Figure 1, the central coaxial tube is full over its entire length. However in Figure 2c is shown a variant of the central coaxial tube, which is bored to an internal diameter D'3 - (D'3 <D'1) over its length L'3, but remains full over its length L'4 . According to a characteristic of the system thus produced, inside the bore of the central coaxial tube, which is bored without opening, are arranged the means for increasing the internal pressure. Indeed, in order to advantageously cause an even slower chemical reaction and better control its speed, the gas-generating composition 8 can preferably be placed inside the central coaxial tube 6 as shown in FIG. 2c, instead of 'be arranged on the shutter 10 as proposed in Figure 1. At the top of the central coaxial tube 6 is fixed the washer 13 which is the means for ensuring the conservation of the seal. The fixing means of the washer 13 is obviously produced by welding, it can also be produced simply by screwing.

Sur la figure 3 est présenté le dispositif de signalisation 2 du système enterré dans sa position déployée. L'enveloppe cylindrique fixe 4 ainsi que le tube coaxial extérieur 5 et une partie des tubes coaxiaux intermédiaires 7 restent enterrés dans le sol S, alors que l'autre partie des tubes coaxiaux intermédiaires 7 et le tube coaxial central 6 su lequel est fixé la rondelle 13 sont sortis du sol, se trouvent à l'air libre signalant ainsi l'emplacement du système enterré.In Figure 3 is shown the signaling device 2 of the system buried in its deployed position. The fixed cylindrical casing 4 as well as the external coaxial tube 5 and a part of the intermediate coaxial tubes 7 remain buried in the ground S, while the other part of the intermediate coaxial tubes 7 and the central coaxial tube 6 on which is fixed the washer 13 have come out of the ground, are in the open air thus signaling the location of the buried system.

Pour augmenter l'effet de marquage, le contraste avec l'environnement extérieur peut être amélioré en utilisant des tubes coaxiaux de couleurs différentes.To increase the marking effect, the contrast with the external environment can be improved by using coaxial tubes of different colors.

Une autre application possible d'un tel dispositif pourrait être une antenne pour mine télécommandable.Another possible application of such a device could be a remote-controlled mine antenna.

Claims (8)

1. Système enterré, comportant un dispositif de signalisation constitué d'un arrangement télescopique de tubes coaxiaux et comportant, des moyens pour accroître la pression interne afin de développer l'arrangement télescopique, des moyens pour commander l'accroissement de pression interne à partir d'un instant prédéterminé, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de signalisation possède en outre des moyens pour réaliser l'étanchéité de l'arrangement télescopique, au niveau des tubes coaxiaux et un moyen pour assurer la conservation de ladite étanchéité pendant le développement de l'arrangement télescopique.1. Buried system, comprising a signaling device consisting of a telescopic arrangement of coaxial tubes and comprising, means for increasing the internal pressure in order to develop the telescopic arrangement, means for controlling the increase in internal pressure from '' a predetermined instant, characterized in that the signaling device also has means for sealing the telescopic arrangement, at the level of the coaxial tubes and means for ensuring the conservation of said seal during the development of the telescopic arrangement. 2. Système enterré comportant un dispositif de signalisation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour réaliser l'étanchéité de l'arrangement télescopique sont des joints toriques disposés autour des tubes coaxiaux.2. Buried system comprising a signaling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for sealing the telescopic arrangement are O-rings arranged around the coaxial tubes. 3. Système enterré comportant un dispositif de signalisation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce que le moyen pour assurer la conservation de l'étanchéité à l'intérieur de l'arrangement télescopique est une rondelle fixée au sommet du tube coaxial central et dont les bords reposent sur le sommet du tube coaxial extérieur.3. buried system comprising a signaling device according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the means for ensuring the preservation of the seal inside the telescopic arrangement is a washer fixed to the top of the tube central coaxial and whose edges rest on the top of the outer coaxial tube. 4. Système enterré selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour réaliser l'étanchéité en coopération avec le moyen pour assurer la conservation de ladite étanchéité imposent un développement des tubes coaxiaux dans un ordre déterminé.4. Buried system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the means for achieving the seal in cooperation with the means for ensuring the conservation of said seal impose a development of the coaxial tubes in a determined order. 5. Système enterré comportant un dispositif de signalisation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4 caractérisé en ce que le moyen pour assurer la conservation de l'étanchéité en coopération avec les moyens pour réaliser ladite étanchéité constitue un système anti-retour pour les tubes coaxiaux.5. buried system comprising a signaling device according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the means for ensuring the preservation of the seal in cooperation with the means for achieving said seal constitutes a non-return system for the tubes coaxial. 6. Système enterré comportant un dispositif de signalisation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, le système enterré possédant d'autre part une liaison électrique essentielle à son fonctionnement originel, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un moyen pour provoquer la coupure de la liaison électrique essentielle au fonctionnement originel.6. buried system comprising a signaling device according to one of claims 1 to 5, the buried system having on the other hand an electrical connection essential to its original operation, characterized in that there is provided a means for causing the cut of the electrical connection essential to the original functioning. 7. Système enterré comportant un dispositif de signalisation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, le dispositif de signalisation possédant entre autres une allumette électrique, caractérisé en ce que le moyen pour provoquer la coupure de la liaison électrique essentielle au fonctionnement originel du système enterré est l'allumette électrique sur laquelle est connectée en série ladite liaison électrique.7. buried system comprising a signaling device according to one of claims 1 to 6, the signaling device having inter alia an electric match, characterized in that the means for causing the interruption of the electrical connection essential to the original functioning of the system buried is the electric match on which said electrical connection is connected in series. 8. Système enterré comportant un dispositif de signalisation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, dont le tube coaxial central de l'arrangement télescopique est alésé sans déboucher, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour accroître la pression interne sont disposés à l'intérieur de l'alésage du tube coaxial central.8. Buried system comprising a signaling device according to one of claims 1 to 7, the central coaxial tube of the telescopic arrangement is bored without opening, characterized in that the means for increasing the internal pressure are arranged at the inside the bore of the central coaxial tube.
EP86200854A 1985-05-21 1986-05-20 Buried assembly having a signalling device Expired EP0202717B1 (en)

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FR8507608A FR2582428B1 (en) 1985-05-21 1985-05-21 UNDERGROUND SYSTEM COMPRISING A SIGNALING DEVICE
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EP0202717B1 EP0202717B1 (en) 1988-10-05

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FR2309829A1 (en) * 1975-04-29 1976-11-26 Ruggieri Ets Practice mine with signalling charges - has plastics ball ejected upwards and containing signalling charge
EP0022099A1 (en) * 1979-06-21 1981-01-07 Förenade Fabriksverken Land mine having timed ignition means
DE3151674A1 (en) * 1981-12-28 1983-07-07 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Colour indicator for indicating the re-deactivation of a mine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4714021A (en) 1987-12-22
FR2582428B1 (en) 1987-06-26
EP0202717B1 (en) 1988-10-05
DE3660875D1 (en) 1988-11-10
FR2582428A1 (en) 1986-11-28

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