EP0202317B1 - Fuse insert with optoelectrical indicator - Google Patents

Fuse insert with optoelectrical indicator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0202317B1
EP0202317B1 EP86900088A EP86900088A EP0202317B1 EP 0202317 B1 EP0202317 B1 EP 0202317B1 EP 86900088 A EP86900088 A EP 86900088A EP 86900088 A EP86900088 A EP 86900088A EP 0202317 B1 EP0202317 B1 EP 0202317B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrically conductive
resistance
fuse
optoelectric
resistance layer
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP86900088A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0202317A1 (en
Inventor
Karl Walter Bonfig
Jörg-Walter HIMMEL
Ulrich Kuipers
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT86900088T priority Critical patent/ATE58259T1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/046—Fuses formed as printed circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/30—Means for indicating condition of fuse structurally associated with the fuse
    • H01H85/32—Indicating lamp structurally associated with the protective device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuse link of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 and is based on DE-A-27 41 779.
  • a fuse link is known from DE-A-27 41 779, which can be designed both as a cartridge fuse and as a screw connector fuse. In both embodiments, it contains an optoelectric display device connected in parallel to the fuse element, which is separated from the fuse element by means of thermal insulation.
  • the optoelectric display device is arranged within a translucent casing, while in the case of the screw connector fuse it is arranged inside a connector housing made of glass or another, electrically non-conductive, transparent material. It consists of a light-emitting diode, which is connected in series to a resistor arrangement, which can optionally consist of one or two resistors connected to the light-emitting diode. In both cases, these are discrete resistors which, together with the light-emitting diode, form a rectilinear, cuboid arrangement.
  • a translucent housing is therefore required so that the optoelectric display device can be recognized by the viewer.
  • the optoelectric display device it is necessary for the optoelectric display device to be arranged within the translucent housing or the opaque casing.
  • an insulating layer of heat-resistant material to protect the optoelectric display device, i.e. the LED and the resistors required.
  • a further fuse element with an insulating body in which a fuse element embedded in the extinguishing agent is arranged between two contacts.
  • a glow lamp with a high-impedance series resistor connected in series is provided in a identification current path and is used to enable a clearly visible status display of the fuse link to replace mechanical identification devices on electrical fuse systems with a reliable, clearly visible, illuminated status display.
  • any optoelectric display device for example a filament lamp, a light-emitting diode or a liquid crystal display, which is designed in parallel with the fusible conductor via an identification current path, can be provided.
  • a reusable fuse cartridge in the form of a tube with an internal glow lamp in which the glow lamp is connected in series to a high-resistance resistor and several fusible conductors are arranged on the outside of the tube.
  • An additional special fuse holder is required for the fuse cartridge.
  • a fuse with an optoelectric display device which consists of a lamp arranged in a housing with a window, the connections of which are connected on the one hand directly to the one security cap and on the other hand via a resistor to the other security cap .
  • the resistance of the optoelectric display device consists of an electrically conductive material of high resistance, which is attached to the inner wall of the housing surrounding the lamp, the electrically conductive material consisting of a carbon-containing mixture with which the interior of the lamp housing is coated or painted.
  • the optoelectric display device is connected to the actual fuse by means of screw connections, so that an additional housing volume is required to accommodate the fuse with an optoelectric display device. This device can therefore not be easily replaced with simple fuses without a display device because of the larger volume required.
  • the known fusible link inserts with optoelectric status display have, because of the additional components required for the status display in the form of discrete series resistors, a much smaller internal volume that can be used for the extinguishing process of the switch-off arc when the fuse element burns through. As a result, the breaking capacity or breaking work to be fulfilled by the fuse is very severely restricted, so that the breaking capacity of the fuse link is considerably reduced.
  • screw caps with integrated light-emitting status indicators are used to indicate the status of a fuse, either a test contact for indicating the fuse status, which must be touched with a finger, or a long contact flag is required, which must be inserted between the fuse link and a fitting ring right into the fuse base . Both embodiments are complex in their construction and difficult to handle by the user.
  • the object of the invention is to create a fuse link with an optoelectric display device which is simple to manufacture, to manufacture and to handle have, requires little space, can be used in conventional fuse links and can be retrofitted for such fuse links and can be easily adapted to the performance characteristics of the fuse link used.
  • the solution according to the invention enables simple installation of the optoelectric display device by simplifying the contacting of the taps in the high-resistance layer with the contacts of the optoelectric display device and the fusible conductor.
  • the simplification of the contacting also enables a free choice of the geometric location of the voltage tap. As a result, good contacting of the voltage tap can be ensured even at high voltages and a correspondingly high resistance, since the resistance can be reduced at certain points.
  • the design of the resistor network as a film enables an arrangement, simple attachment and adaptation to different power, short-circuit and voltage data, so that retrofitting of conventional fuse links is also possible.
  • the film or the plastic insert so formed can be attached to the inner and / or outer surface of the insulating body of the fuse link so that the appropriate type of attachment can be selected as required.
  • FIG. 1 of a fuse link of a D-fuse system shows a hollow insulating body 1, preferably made of ceramic, on the inner surface 16 delimiting the cavity 15, an electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 is applied.
  • the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 is guided to or over the front ends of the insulating body 1 in such a way that an electrically conductive connection is created when the contact caps 3, 4 of the fuse link are pressed on.
  • the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 can be applied to one or more locations on the inner surface 16 of the insulating body 1 and has a different layer thickness and / or an inhomogeneous distribution of the specific resistance of the coating at different geometric locations of the coating, so that different resistance values are indicated different tapping points of the voltage and / or current divider network thus formed are present.
  • the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 can, for example, be sprayed on as a graphite coating, vapor-deposited as a carbon or metal layer or, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, as an insert body made of electrically conductive, high-resistance material, such as, for example, conductive plastic.
  • the light-emitting diode 5 serving as an optoelectric display device is arranged on one end of the fuse link so that it protrudes through an opening provided in a contact cap 4 and is clearly visible from the outside.
  • a first connection contact 6 of the light-emitting diode 5 is clamped under the one contact cap 4, while the other connection contact 9 of the light-emitting diode 5 is designed as a contact spring which presses on the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 via the spatial separating device 7.
  • the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 thus forms a voltage divider which is loaded by the light-emitting diode 5.
  • the voltage drop in a fuse link with melted fuse element 8 is determined via the local position of the other connection contact 9 of the light-emitting diode 5, which is designed as a contact spring, on the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2.
  • any desired voltage value can be defined and thus the electrical properties of the fuse link can be optimized.
  • the fusible conductor 8 can be obtained by multiple corrugations, kinks or the like. lengthened, thus optimizing the breaking capacity of the fuse link.
  • the insulating body 1 itself can alternatively be designed as an electrically conductive, high-resistance body, which is at least partially covered with an insulating layer, so that the remaining surfaces of the high-resistance insulating body 1 form the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of an NH fuse link with an optoelectric display device.
  • the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 is applied to the outer surface 17 of the fuse link.
  • the fuse link has metallic fuse link contacts 14 protruding from its end faces.
  • a first light-emitting diode 5 serving as an optoelectric display device is connected between one of the fuse-link contacts 14 and a first auxiliary contact 11 on the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2.
  • a second light-emitting diode 10 can optionally or additionally be provided as an optoelectric display device on the outer surface 17 of the fuse link and connected to the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 via a second and third auxiliary contact 12, 13.
  • the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 can be covered by an additional insulating layer, not shown, so that the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 is electrically, thermally and / or mechanically is protected.
  • the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 being applied partly on the inner surface 16 and partly on the outer surface 17 of the insulating material body 1.
  • the optoelectric display device 5 can be introduced into the contact cap in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the electrical connection between the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer on the outside of the fuse link and the optoelectric display device in the contact cap is produced via an auxiliary contact in the interior of the contact cap.
  • the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer can be replaced by an electrically conductive, low-resistance layer or an electrically conductive wire and a high-resistance resistor network integrated in the optoelectric display device.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a high-resistance resistor network designed as a plastic insert, which consists of electrically conductive, high-resistance plastic.
  • This plastic part shown in Fig. 4 is shaped so that it is adapted to the inner surface of the insulating body 1 and can preferably be bent in the area of the contact caps 4.
  • This plastic part can be pressed or punched in a simple manner from a suitable high-resistance plastic, so that large-scale production is possible without any problems.
  • This plastic part is then inserted by hand or by machine into the cavity of the insulating body 1 of the fuse link and can be bent, for example, in the area of the lower contact cap 4 by a short heat treatment.
  • an intimate connection can be established both with the contact cap 4 and with the insulating body 1 by fitting the contact cap 4.
  • the plastic part 20 has a widened area on which an optoelectric display element 5 can be attached in a simple manner and can be contacted with the resistance network, for example by heating the connection contacts and pressing into the plastic insert.
  • the optoelectric display device can optionally be designed as a hybrid and / or layer circuit, which is advantageously inserted insulated into the front contact cap.
  • the hybrid circuit consists of a disk-shaped carrier material printed with resistance paste, which can also serve as a separating device 7, to which a light-emitting diode is applied as an optoelectric display element, for example with a conductive adhesive.
  • the hybrid circuit can be clamped between the contact cap 4 and the insulating body 1.
  • a low-resistance layer or another conductor on the inner surface of the fuse link connects the hybrid circuit to the second fuse contact via a contact on the carrier material.
  • the resistance network or the high-resistance layer can be designed in the form of an outer shell, partial shell and / or web made of conductive material, which is possibly partially insulated and into which the fuse link is inserted and inserted together with it into the fuse holder .
  • the optoelectric display device is attached in the area of the contact cap so that the light signal can be seen through the viewing window of the screw cap.

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  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)

Abstract

A safety fuse assembly having a body of insulating material in which a fusible conductor extends embedded in a quenching medium between two electrical contacts. The assembly is provided with an electro-optical indicator connected in parallel with the fusible conductor via a high resistance circuit. To increase the fuse capacity of the safety fuse assembly, the circuit is formed as an electrically conductive, highly resistive thin layer having one or more tapping points and which acts as a voltage or current divider circuit. This makes it possible to maximize the internal volume of the fuse chamber, thereby enabling increases in the length of the fusible conductor and the amount of quenching material, whereby usage of the internal volume of the safety fuse assembly can be optimized.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schmelzsicherungseinsatz der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Art und geht aus von der DE-A-27 41 779.The invention relates to a fuse link of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 and is based on DE-A-27 41 779.

Aus der DE-A-27 41 779 ist ein Schmelzsicherungseinsatz bekannt, der sowohl als Patronensicherung als auch als Schraubsteckersicherung ausgebildet sein kann. In beiden Ausführungsformen enthält er eine parallel zum Schmelzleiter geschaltete optoelektrische Anzeigeeinrichtung, die vom Schmelzleiter mittels einer Wärmeisolierung getrennt ist. Die optoelektrische Anzeigeeinrichtung ist im Falle der Patronensicherung innerhalb einer lichtdurchlässigen Ummantelung angeordnet, während sie im Falle der Schraubsteckersicherung im Innern eines Steckergehäuses aus Glas oder einem anderen, elektrisch nichtleitenden, transparenten Material angeordnet ist. Sie besteht aus einer lichtemittierenden Diode, die in Reihe zu einer Widerstandsanordnung geschaltet ist, die wahlweise aus einem oder zwei mit der lichtemittierenden Diode verbundenen Widerständen bestehen kann. In beiden Fällen handelt es sich um diskrete Widerstände, die zusammen mit der lichtemittierenden Diode eine gradlinige, quaderförmige Anordnung bilden.A fuse link is known from DE-A-27 41 779, which can be designed both as a cartridge fuse and as a screw connector fuse. In both embodiments, it contains an optoelectric display device connected in parallel to the fuse element, which is separated from the fuse element by means of thermal insulation. In the case of the cartridge fuse, the optoelectric display device is arranged within a translucent casing, while in the case of the screw connector fuse it is arranged inside a connector housing made of glass or another, electrically non-conductive, transparent material. It consists of a light-emitting diode, which is connected in series to a resistor arrangement, which can optionally consist of one or two resistors connected to the light-emitting diode. In both cases, these are discrete resistors which, together with the light-emitting diode, form a rectilinear, cuboid arrangement.

Bei der bekannten Sicherung ist somit ein lichtdurchlässiges Gehäuse erforderlich, damit die optoelektrische Anzeigeeinrichtung für den Betrachter erkennbar ist. Darüber hinaus ist es erforderlich, daß die optoelektrische Anzeigeeinrichtung innerhalb des lichtdurchlässigen Gehäuses bzw. der lichtundurchlässigen Ummantelung angeordnet wird. Zusätzlich ist eine Isolierschicht aus hitzebeständigem Material zum Schutz der optoelektrischen Anzeigeeinrichtung, d.h. der Leuchtdiode und der Widerstände erforderlich.In the known fuse, a translucent housing is therefore required so that the optoelectric display device can be recognized by the viewer. In addition, it is necessary for the optoelectric display device to be arranged within the translucent housing or the opaque casing. In addition, an insulating layer of heat-resistant material to protect the optoelectric display device, i.e. the LED and the resistors required.

Aus der DE-A-31 03 478 ist ein weiterer Schmelzsicherungseinsatz mit einem Isolierstoffkörper bekannt, bei dem ein in Löschmittel eingebetteter Schmelzleiter zwischen zwei Kontakten angeordnet ist. In einem Kennmeldestrompfad ist eine Glimmlampe mit in Reihe geschaltetem hochohmigen Vorwiderstand parallel zum Schmelzleiter vorgesehen und dient dazu, eine gut sichtbare Zustandsanzeige des Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes zu ermöglichen, um so mechanische Kennmeldeeinrichtungen an elektrischen Schmelzsicherungssystemen durch eine zuverlässige, gut sichtbare, leuchtende Zustandsanzeige zu ersetzen.From DE-A-31 03 478 a further fuse element with an insulating body is known, in which a fuse element embedded in the extinguishing agent is arranged between two contacts. A glow lamp with a high-impedance series resistor connected in series is provided in a identification current path and is used to enable a clearly visible status display of the fuse link to replace mechanical identification devices on electrical fuse systems with a reliable, clearly visible, illuminated status display.

Anstelle der Glimmlampe kann eine beliebige optoelektrische Anzeigeeinrichtung, beispielsweise eine Glühfadenlampe, eine lichtemittierende Diode oder eine Flüssigkeitskristallanzeige, die über einen Kennmeldestrompfad parallel zum Schmelzleiter gestaltet ist, vorgesehen werden.Instead of the glow lamp, any optoelectric display device, for example a filament lamp, a light-emitting diode or a liquid crystal display, which is designed in parallel with the fusible conductor via an identification current path, can be provided.

Aus der DE-A-25 04 582 ist eine wiederverwendbare Sicherungspatrone in Form eines Rohres mit innenliegender Glimmlampe bekannt, bei der die Glimmlampe in Reihe zu einem hochohmigen Vorwiderstand geschaltet ist und mehrere Schmelzleiter an der Außenseite des Rohres angeordnet sind. Für die Sicherungspatrone ist ein zusätzlicher spezieller Sicherungshalter erforderlich.From DE-A-25 04 582 a reusable fuse cartridge in the form of a tube with an internal glow lamp is known, in which the glow lamp is connected in series to a high-resistance resistor and several fusible conductors are arranged on the outside of the tube. An additional special fuse holder is required for the fuse cartridge.

Aus der US-A-21 57 777 ist eine Schmelzsicherung mit einer optoelektrischen Anzeigeeinrichtung bekannt, die aus einer in einem Gehäuse mit einem Fenster angeordneten Lampe besteht, deren Anschlüsse einerseits direkt mit der einen Sicherungskappe und andererseits über einen Widerstand mit der anderen Sicherungskappe verbunden sind. Der Widerstand der optoelektrischen Anzeigeeinrichtung besteht aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen Material hohen Widerstandes, das an der Innenwand des die Lampe umgebenden Gehäuses angebracht ist, wobei das elektrisch leitfähige Material aus einer kohlenstoffhaltigen Mischung besteht, mit der das Innere des Lampengehäuses beschichtet oder gestrichen wird. Die optoelektrische Anzeigeeinrichtung ist bei der bekannten Vorrichtung über Schraubverbindungen mit der eigentlichen Schmelzsicherung verbunden, so daß ein zusätzliches Gehäusevolumen zur Unterbringung der Schmelzsicherung mit optoelektrischer Anzeigeeinrichtung erforderlich ist. Diese Vorrichtung läßt sich daher wegen des erforderlichen größeren Volumens nicht ohne weiteres gegen einfache Schmelzsicherungen ohne Anzeigeeinrichtung austauschen.From US-A-21 57 777 a fuse with an optoelectric display device is known, which consists of a lamp arranged in a housing with a window, the connections of which are connected on the one hand directly to the one security cap and on the other hand via a resistor to the other security cap . The resistance of the optoelectric display device consists of an electrically conductive material of high resistance, which is attached to the inner wall of the housing surrounding the lamp, the electrically conductive material consisting of a carbon-containing mixture with which the interior of the lamp housing is coated or painted. In the known device, the optoelectric display device is connected to the actual fuse by means of screw connections, so that an additional housing volume is required to accommodate the fuse with an optoelectric display device. This device can therefore not be easily replaced with simple fuses without a display device because of the larger volume required.

Die bekannten Schmelzsicherungseinsätze mit optoelektrischer Zustandsanzeige weisen wegen der für die Zustandsanzeige erforderlichen zusätzlichen Bauelemente in Form von diskreten Vorwiderständen ein wesentlich kleineres, für den Löschvorgang des Abschaltlichtbogens beim Durchbrennen des Schmelzleiters nutzbares Innenvolumen auf. Dadurch wird die von der Sicherung zu erfüllende Ausschaltleistung bzw. Ausschaltarbeit sehr stark eingeschränkt, so daß das Ausschaltvermögen des Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes erheblich herabgesetzt wird. Dadurch wird das für D- und NH-Sicherungssysteme nach VDE 0635, VDE 0636, DIN 57635 und DIN 57636 vorgegebene und vor Erteilung des VDE-Prüfzeichens zu prüfende Ausschaltvermögen der betreffenden Sicherungen nicht erfüllt, so daß die bekannten Schmelzsicherungseinsätze mit optoelektrischer Anzeigeeinrichtung für den Sicherungszustand praktisch nicht einsetzbar sind.The known fusible link inserts with optoelectric status display have, because of the additional components required for the status display in the form of discrete series resistors, a much smaller internal volume that can be used for the extinguishing process of the switch-off arc when the fuse element burns through. As a result, the breaking capacity or breaking work to be fulfilled by the fuse is very severely restricted, so that the breaking capacity of the fuse link is considerably reduced. As a result, the breaking capacity of the fuses in question, which is specified for D and NH fuse systems in accordance with VDE 0635, VDE 0636, DIN 57635 and DIN 57636 and must be checked before the VDE test mark is issued, so that the known fusible link inserts with optoelectric display device for the fuse state are not fulfilled are practically not applicable.

Werden zur Zustandsanzeige einer Schmelzsicherung Schraubkappen mit integrierten lichtemittierenden Zustandsanzeigen verwendet, so ist entweder ein Prüfkontakt zur Anzeige des Sicherungszustandes, der mit einem Finger berührt werden muß, oder eine lange Kontaktfahne erforderlich, die zwischen den Sicherungseinsatz und einem Paßring bis in den Sicherungsfuß geführt werden muß. Beide Ausführungsformen sind in ihrer Konstruktion aufwendig und vom Benutzer schlecht zu handhaben.If screw caps with integrated light-emitting status indicators are used to indicate the status of a fuse, either a test contact for indicating the fuse status, which must be touched with a finger, or a long contact flag is required, which must be inserted between the fuse link and a fitting ring right into the fuse base . Both embodiments are complex in their construction and difficult to handle by the user.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabenstellung zugrunde, einen Schmelzsicherungseinsatz mit einer optoelektrischen Anzeigeeinrichtung zu schaffen, die einfach ausgebildet, herzustellen und zu handhaben ist, einen geringen Raumbedarf hat, bei konventionellen Schmelzsicherungseinsätzen einsetzbar und für derartige Schmelzsicherungen nachrüstbar und einfach an die Leistungscharakteristik des verwendeten Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes anpaßbar ist.The object of the invention is to create a fuse link with an optoelectric display device which is simple to manufacture, to manufacture and to handle have, requires little space, can be used in conventional fuse links and can be retrofitted for such fuse links and can be easily adapted to the performance characteristics of the fuse link used.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch das kennzeichnende Merkmal des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing feature of claim 1.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ermöglicht eine einfache Installation der optoelektrischen Anzeigeeinrichtung durch Vereinfachung der Kontaktierung der Abgriffe in der hochohmigen Schicht mit den Kontakten der optoelektrischen Anzeigeeinrichtung sowie des Schmelzleiters. Die Vereinfachung der Kontaktierung ermöglich darüber hinaus eine freie Wahl des geometrischen Ortes des Spannungsabgriffes. Dadurch kann auch bei hohen Spannungen und einem entsprechend hochohmigen Widerstand eine gute Kontaktgabe des Spannungsabgriffes sichergestellt werden, da an bestimmten Stellen der ohmsche Widerstand reduziert sein kann.The solution according to the invention enables simple installation of the optoelectric display device by simplifying the contacting of the taps in the high-resistance layer with the contacts of the optoelectric display device and the fusible conductor. The simplification of the contacting also enables a free choice of the geometric location of the voltage tap. As a result, good contacting of the voltage tap can be ensured even at high voltages and a correspondingly high resistance, since the resistance can be reduced at certain points.

Die Gestaltung des Widerstandsnetzwerkes als Folie ermöglicht eine Anordnung, einfache Anbringung und Anpassung an unterchiedliche Leistungs-, Kurzschluß- und Spannungsdaten, so daß auch ein Nachrüsten von konventionellen Schmelzsicherungseinsätzen möglich wird.The design of the resistor network as a film enables an arrangement, simple attachment and adaptation to different power, short-circuit and voltage data, so that retrofitting of conventional fuse links is also possible.

Infolge der ortsabhängigen Widerstandsverteilung in der leitenden Schicht der Folie oder des Kunststoffeinsatzes ist eine einfache Anpassung des Widerstandsverhaltens der Folie oder des Kunststoffeinsatzes an Schmelzsicherungen mit unterschiedlichen Leistungs- und Spannungsdaten möglich und jeder beliebiger Widerstandswert einstellbar. Wahlweise ist die so ausgebildete Folie oder der Kunststoffeinsatz an der Innen- und/oder Außenfläche des Isolierstoffkörpers des Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes anbringbar, so daß je nach Bedarf die angemessene Anbringungsart gewählt werden kann.As a result of the location-dependent distribution of resistance in the conductive layer of the film or plastic insert, it is possible to easily adapt the resistance behavior of the film or plastic insert to fuses with different performance and voltage data, and any resistance value can be set. Optionally, the film or the plastic insert so formed can be attached to the inner and / or outer surface of the insulating body of the fuse link so that the appropriate type of attachment can be selected as required.

An Hand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles soll der der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Gedanke näher erläutert werden.The idea on which the invention is based will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 zeigt einen Längsschnitt eines D-Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes mit elektrisch leitender, hochohmiger Beschichtung und einer lichtemittierenden Diode als optoelektrischer Anzeigeeinrichtung,
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf einen NH-Sicherungseinsatz mit auf der Außenfläche angeordneter elektrisch leitender, hochohmiger Schicht sowie zwei lichtemittierenden Dioden,
  • Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch einen Sicherungseinsatz mit einem leitenden, hochohmigen Einsatz und
  • Fig. 4 eine isolierte Ansicht des leitenden, hochohmigen Einsatzes mit darauf angeordnetem optoelektrischem Anzeigeelement.
Show it:
  • 1 shows a longitudinal section of a D-fuse link with an electrically conductive, high-resistance coating and a light-emitting diode as an optoelectric display device,
  • 2 shows a plan view of an NH fuse link with an electrically conductive, high-resistance layer arranged on the outer surface and two light-emitting diodes,
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section through a fuse link with a conductive, high-resistance insert and
  • Fig. 4 is an isolated view of the conductive, high-resistance insert with an optoelectric display element arranged thereon.

Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Längsschnitt eines Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes eines D-Sicherungssystems zeigt einen hohlen Isolierstoffkörper 1, vorzugsweise aus Keramik, auf dessen den Hohlraum 15 begrenzenden Innenfläche 16 eine elektrisch leitende, hochohmige Schicht 2 aufgetragen ist. Die elektrisch leitende, hochohmige Schicht 2 ist zu oder über die stirnseitigen Enden des Isolierstoffkörpers 1 derart geführt, daß beim Aufpressen der Kontaktkappen 3, 4 des Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung entsteht.The longitudinal section shown in FIG. 1 of a fuse link of a D-fuse system shows a hollow insulating body 1, preferably made of ceramic, on the inner surface 16 delimiting the cavity 15, an electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 is applied. The electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 is guided to or over the front ends of the insulating body 1 in such a way that an electrically conductive connection is created when the contact caps 3, 4 of the fuse link are pressed on.

Die elektrische leitende, hochohmige Schicht 2 kann an einer oder mehreren Stellen der Innenfläche 16 des Isolierstoffkörpers 1 angebracht werden und weist an verschiedenen geometrischen Orten der Beschichtung eine unterschiedliche Schichtdicke und/oder eine inhomogene Verteilung des spezifischen Widerstands der Beschichtung auf, so daß unterschiedliche Widerstandswerte an verschiedenen Abgriffstellen des so gebildeten Spannungs- und/oder Stromteilernetzwerkes vorliegen.The electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 can be applied to one or more locations on the inner surface 16 of the insulating body 1 and has a different layer thickness and / or an inhomogeneous distribution of the specific resistance of the coating at different geometric locations of the coating, so that different resistance values are indicated different tapping points of the voltage and / or current divider network thus formed are present.

Die elektrisch leitende, hochohmige Schicht 2 kann beispielsweise als Graphitbeschichtung aufgesprüht, als Kohle- oder Metallschicht aufgedampft oder wie im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Figuren 3 und 4 als Einsatzkörper aus elektrisch leitendem, hochohmigem Material, wie z.B. leitendem Kunststoff, hergestellt werden.The electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 can, for example, be sprayed on as a graphite coating, vapor-deposited as a carbon or metal layer or, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, as an insert body made of electrically conductive, high-resistance material, such as, for example, conductive plastic.

Die als optoelektrische Anzeigeeinrichtung dienende lichtemittierende Diode 5 ist so an der einen Stirnseite des Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes angeordnet, daß sie durch eine in der einen Kontaktkappe 4 vorgesehene Öffnung ragt und von außen gut erkennbar ist. Ein erster Anschlußkontakt 6 der lichtemittierenden Diode 5 wird unter die eine Kontaktkappe 4 geklemmt, während der andere Anschlußkontakt 9 der lichtemittierenden Diode 5 als Kontaktfeder ausgeführt ist, die über die räumliche Trenneinrichtung 7 auf die elektrisch leitende, hochohmige Schicht 2 drückt.The light-emitting diode 5 serving as an optoelectric display device is arranged on one end of the fuse link so that it protrudes through an opening provided in a contact cap 4 and is clearly visible from the outside. A first connection contact 6 of the light-emitting diode 5 is clamped under the one contact cap 4, while the other connection contact 9 of the light-emitting diode 5 is designed as a contact spring which presses on the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 via the spatial separating device 7.

Die elektrisch leitende, hochohmige Schicht 2 bildet somit einen Spannungsteiler, der durch die lichtemittierende Diode 5 belastet ist. Die in einem Sicherungseinsatz mit abgeschmolzenem Schmelzleiter 8 abfallende Spannung wird über die örtliche Position des als Kontaktfeder ausgeführten anderen Anschlußkontaktes 9 der lichtemittierenden Diode 5 auf der elektrisch leitenden, hochohmigen Schicht 2 bestimmt. Durch eine entsprechende Konfiguration der elektrisch leitenden, hochohmigen Schicht 2 kann jeder beliebige Spannungswert festgelegt und somit die elektrischen Eigenschaften des Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes optimiert werden.The electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 thus forms a voltage divider which is loaded by the light-emitting diode 5. The voltage drop in a fuse link with melted fuse element 8 is determined via the local position of the other connection contact 9 of the light-emitting diode 5, which is designed as a contact spring, on the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2. By means of a corresponding configuration of the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2, any desired voltage value can be defined and thus the electrical properties of the fuse link can be optimized.

Zur optimalen Ausnutzung des durch den Innenraum 15 des Isolierstoffkörpers 1 festgelegten Schaltkammervolumens kann der Schmelzleiter 8 durch mehrfache Wellung, Knickung o.dgl. verlängert und somit das Ausschaltvermögen des Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes optimiert werden.For optimal use of the switching chamber volume defined by the interior 15 of the insulating body 1, the fusible conductor 8 can be obtained by multiple corrugations, kinks or the like. lengthened, thus optimizing the breaking capacity of the fuse link.

Der Isolierstoffkörper 1 selbst kann alternativ als elektrisch leitender, hochohmiger Körper ausgebildet sein, der mit einer Isolierschicht zumindest teilweise überdeckt wird, so daß die verbleibenden Flächen des hochohmigen Isolierstoffkörpers 1 die elektrisch leitende, hochohmige Schicht 2 bilden.The insulating body 1 itself can alternatively be designed as an electrically conductive, high-resistance body, which is at least partially covered with an insulating layer, so that the remaining surfaces of the high-resistance insulating body 1 form the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2.

Das in Fig. 2 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt eine Ansicht eines NH-Sicherungseinsatzes mit optoelektrischer Anzeigeeinrichtung. Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist die elektrisch leitende, hochohmige Schicht 2 auf der Außenfläche 17 des Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes aufgebracht. Der Schmelzsicherungseinsatz weist aus seinen Stirnflächen herausragende metallische Sicherungseinsatzkontakte 14 auf. Eine als optoelektrische Anzeigeeinrichtung dienende erste lichtemittierende Diode 5 wird zwischen einen der Sicherungseinsatzkontakte 14 sowie einen ersten Hilfskontakt 11 auf der elektrisch leitenden, hochohmigen Schicht 2 geschaltet.The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 shows a view of an NH fuse link with an optoelectric display device. In this embodiment, the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 is applied to the outer surface 17 of the fuse link. The fuse link has metallic fuse link contacts 14 protruding from its end faces. A first light-emitting diode 5 serving as an optoelectric display device is connected between one of the fuse-link contacts 14 and a first auxiliary contact 11 on the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2.

Bei schwierigen oder unübersichtlichen Einbauverhältnissen des Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes kann wahlweise oder zusätzlich eine zweite lichtemittierende Diode 10 als optoelektrische Anzeigeeinrichtung auf der Außenfläche 17 des Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes vorgesehen und über einen zweiten sowie dritten Hilfskontakt 12, 13 mit der elektrisch leitenden, hochohmigen Schicht 2 verbunden werden.In the event of difficult or confusing installation conditions of the fuse link, a second light-emitting diode 10 can optionally or additionally be provided as an optoelectric display device on the outer surface 17 of the fuse link and connected to the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 via a second and third auxiliary contact 12, 13.

Sowohl im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 als auch im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 2 kann die elektrisch leitende, hochohmige Schicht 2 durch eine zusätzliche, nicht näher dargestellte Isolierschicht abgedeckt sein, so daß die elektrisch leitende, hochohmige Schicht 2 elektrisch, thermisch und/oder mechanisch geschützt ist.Both in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 and in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 can be covered by an additional insulating layer, not shown, so that the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 is electrically, thermally and / or mechanically is protected.

Ebenso ist eine Kombination aus beiden Ausführungsbeispielen möglich, wobei die elektrisch leitende, hochohmige Schicht 2 teilweise auf der Innenfläche 16 und teilweise auf der Außenfläche 17 des Isolierstoffkörpers 1 aufgebracht ist.A combination of both exemplary embodiments is also possible, the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer 2 being applied partly on the inner surface 16 and partly on the outer surface 17 of the insulating material body 1.

Bei einem mit eine Kontaktkappe versehenen Schmelzsicherungseinsatz kann bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 und 2 die optoelektrische Anzeigeeinrichtung 5 in der Kontaktkappe eingebracht sein, wobei die elektrische Verbindung zwischen der elektrisch leitenden, hochohmigen Schicht auf der Außenseite des Sicherungseinsatzes und der optoelektrischen Anzeigeeinrichtung in der Kontaktkappe über einen Hilfskontakt im Innenraum der Kontaktkappe hergestellt wird.In the case of a fusible link insert provided with a contact cap, the optoelectric display device 5 can be introduced into the contact cap in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the electrical connection between the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer on the outside of the fuse link and the optoelectric display device in the contact cap is produced via an auxiliary contact in the interior of the contact cap.

Alternativ zu den beiden vorbeschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen kann die elektrisch leitende, hochohmige Schicht durch eine elektrisch leitende, niederohmige Schicht bzw. einen elektrisch leitenden Draht sowie ein in der optoelektrischen Anzeigeeinrichtung integriertes hochohmiges Widerstandsnetzwerk ersetzt werden.As an alternative to the two exemplary embodiments described above, the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer can be replaced by an electrically conductive, low-resistance layer or an electrically conductive wire and a high-resistance resistor network integrated in the optoelectric display device.

In Fig. 3 ist ein Beispiel eines als Kunststoffeinsatz ausgebildeten hochohmiges Widerstandsnetzwerkes dargestellt, das aus elektrisch leitendem, hochohmigem Kunststoff besteht. Dieses in Fig. 4 dargestellte Kunststoffteil ist so geformt, daß es der Innenfläche des Isolierstoffkörpers 1 angepaßt ist und vorzugsweise im Bereich der Kontaktkappen 4 umgebogen werden kann. Dieses Kunststoffteil kann in einfacher Weise aus einem geeigneten hochohmigen Kunststoff gepresst oder gestanzt werden, so daß problemlos eine Großserienherstellung möglich ist.3 shows an example of a high-resistance resistor network designed as a plastic insert, which consists of electrically conductive, high-resistance plastic. This plastic part shown in Fig. 4 is shaped so that it is adapted to the inner surface of the insulating body 1 and can preferably be bent in the area of the contact caps 4. This plastic part can be pressed or punched in a simple manner from a suitable high-resistance plastic, so that large-scale production is possible without any problems.

Dieses Kunststoffteil wird anschließend von Hand oder maschinell in den Hohlraum des Isolierstoffkörpers 1 des Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes eingesetzt und kann beispielsweise im Bereich der unteren Kontaktkappe 4 durch eine kurze Wärmebehandlung umgebogen werden.This plastic part is then inserted by hand or by machine into the cavity of the insulating body 1 of the fuse link and can be bent, for example, in the area of the lower contact cap 4 by a short heat treatment.

Alternativ hierzu kann durch Aufsetzen der Kontaktkappe 4 eine innige Verbindung sowohl mit der Kontaktkappe 4 als auch mit dem Isolierstoffkörper 1 hergestellt werden.Alternatively, an intimate connection can be established both with the contact cap 4 and with the insulating body 1 by fitting the contact cap 4.

Im Bereich der Stirnseite des Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes weist das Kunststoffteil 20 eine verbreiterte Fläche auf, auf der ein optoelektrisches Anzeigeelement 5 in einfacher Weise befestigt und beispielsweise durch Erhitzung der Anschlußkontakte und Einpressen in den Kunststoffeinsatz mit dem Widerstandsnetzwerk kontaktiert werden kann.In the area of the end face of the fuse link, the plastic part 20 has a widened area on which an optoelectric display element 5 can be attached in a simple manner and can be contacted with the resistance network, for example by heating the connection contacts and pressing into the plastic insert.

Die optoelektrische Anzeigeeinrichtung kann wahlweise als Hybrid- und/oder Schichtschaltung ausgebildet werden, die vorteilhafterweise isoliert in die Stirnkontaktkappe eingelegt wird. Die Hybridschaltung besteht dabei aus einem mit Widerstandspaste bedruckten, scheibenförmigen Trägermaterial, welches gleichzeitig als Trenneinrichtung 7 dienen kann, auf das eine Leuchtdiode als optoelektrisches Anzeigeeelement beispielsweise mit einem leitenden Kleber aufgebracht wird. Die Hybridschaltung kann zwischen die Kontaktkappe 4 und den Isolierstoffkörper 1 eingeklemmt werden. Eine niederohmige Schicht oder ein anderer Leiter auf der Innenfläche des Schmelzsicherungseinsatzes verbindet über einen Kontakt am Trägermaterial die Hybridschaltung mit dem zweiten Sicherungskontakt.The optoelectric display device can optionally be designed as a hybrid and / or layer circuit, which is advantageously inserted insulated into the front contact cap. The hybrid circuit consists of a disk-shaped carrier material printed with resistance paste, which can also serve as a separating device 7, to which a light-emitting diode is applied as an optoelectric display element, for example with a conductive adhesive. The hybrid circuit can be clamped between the contact cap 4 and the insulating body 1. A low-resistance layer or another conductor on the inner surface of the fuse link connects the hybrid circuit to the second fuse contact via a contact on the carrier material.

In einer weiteren, Ausführungsform kann das Widerstandsnetzwerk bzw. die hochohmige Schicht in Form einer Außenhülle, Teilhülle und/ oder Bahn aus leitendem Material ausgebildet sein, das ggf. teilweise isoliert wird und in das der Schmelzsicherungseinsatz eingelegt und zusammen mit diesem in den Sicherungshalter eingesetzt wird. Beim D- und DO-System wird die optoelektrische Anzeigeeinrichtung im Bereich der Kontaktkappe dabei so angebracht, daß das Leuchtsignal durch das Sichtfenster der Schraubkappe zu sehen ist.In a further embodiment, the resistance network or the high-resistance layer can be designed in the form of an outer shell, partial shell and / or web made of conductive material, which is possibly partially insulated and into which the fuse link is inserted and inserted together with it into the fuse holder . In the D and DO system, the optoelectric display device is attached in the area of the contact cap so that the light signal can be seen through the viewing window of the screw cap.

Claims (9)

1. Fuse insert with a substantially hollow cylindrical insulating material body (1), a fusible conductor (8) embedded in an extinguishing agent (15) in the interior of the hollow cylindrical insulating material body (1), which conductor is provided between two contact caps (3, 4) located on the ends of the hollow cylindrical insulating material body, and with an optoelectric indicator device (5) which is connected to an indicator current path (9) in parallel to the fusible conductor (8) by means of an electrically conductive, high-resistance layer (2), characterised in that the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer (2) is part of a resistance network which is designed as a voltage divider and/or current divider network and which is made from a foil covering only parts of the surfaces defining the insulating material body (1) of the fuse insert or of a plastic insert (20) with a conductive low-resistance and high-resistance layer (2) which can be inserted into the interior of the insulating material body (1) or can be placed on the outer surface (17) thereof and which has one or more taps connected to the optoelectric indicator device (5), and that the electrically conductive layer (2) has an ohmic resistance which is different at different geometric places.
2. Fuse insert according to Claim 1, characterised in that the electrically conductive high-resistance layer (2) has a layer thickness which is different at different geometric places.
3. Fuse insert according to Claim 1, characterised in that the electrically conductive high-resistance layer (2) has a specific resistance which is distributed non-homogenously over the coating surface.
4. Fuse insert according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the electrically conductive high-resistance layer (2) is at least partly covered with an insulating layer for electrical, thermal and/or mechanical protection.
5. Fuse insert according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the taps on the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer (2) are designed as auxiliary contacts and that the electrically conductive, high-resistance layer (2) arranged on the outer surface (17) of the insulating material body (1) and the optoelectric indicator device (5) arranged in one of the end contact caps (4) are connected together by means of one or more of the auxiliary contacts in the interior of the contact cap (4).
6. Fuse insert according to Claim 1, characterised in that the electrically conductive, high-resistance plastic insert (20) extends from one contact cap (3) to the other contact cap (4) and is adapted to the inner surface of the hollow cylindrical insulating body (1) and is bent over in the region of the contact caps (3, 4) and that the electrically conductive, high-resistance plastic insert (20) has a widened surface in the region of the other contact cap (4) into which the optoelectric indicator element (5) is inserted and connected with the electrically conductive, high-resistance plastic insert (20).
7. Fuse insert according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the optoelectric indicator device (5, 10) consists of a light-emitting diode.
8. Fuse insert according to Claim 7, characterised in that the optoelectric indicator device (5) is designed as a hybrid circuit and/or film circuit, which can be placed into the end contact cap (4) in insulated manner.
9. Fuse insert according to Claim 8, characterised in that the hybrid circuit consists of a disc- shaped base material (7) printed with a resistor paste, to which material a light-emitting diode (3) is attached by means of a conductive adhesive as an optoelectric indicator element.
EP86900088A 1984-11-14 1985-11-14 Fuse insert with optoelectrical indicator Expired - Lifetime EP0202317B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86900088T ATE58259T1 (en) 1984-11-14 1985-11-14 FUSE LINK WITH OPTOELECTRIC INDICATOR.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3441588 1984-11-14
DE3441588 1984-11-14
DE3513833 1985-04-17
DE19853513833 DE3513833A1 (en) 1984-11-14 1985-04-17 FUSE PROTECTION INSERT WITH OPTOELECTRICAL DISPLAY DEVICE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0202317A1 EP0202317A1 (en) 1986-11-26
EP0202317B1 true EP0202317B1 (en) 1990-11-07

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EP86900088A Expired - Lifetime EP0202317B1 (en) 1984-11-14 1985-11-14 Fuse insert with optoelectrical indicator

Country Status (13)

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US (1) US4641120A (en)
EP (1) EP0202317B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS62500827A (en)
AT (1) ATE58259T1 (en)
AU (1) AU592966B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8507050A (en)
CA (1) CA1250873A (en)
DD (1) DD239298A5 (en)
DE (2) DE3513833A1 (en)
ES (1) ES8702738A1 (en)
HU (1) HU195026B (en)
PL (1) PL151284B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1986003054A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL256258A1 (en) 1986-10-07
JPS62500827A (en) 1987-04-02
WO1986003054A1 (en) 1986-05-22
CA1250873A (en) 1989-03-07
ES8702738A1 (en) 1986-12-16
DE3513833A1 (en) 1986-05-22
ES544917A0 (en) 1986-12-16
ATE58259T1 (en) 1990-11-15
PL151284B1 (en) 1990-08-31
AU5230286A (en) 1986-06-03
AU592966B2 (en) 1990-02-01
BR8507050A (en) 1987-03-10
DE3580478D1 (en) 1990-12-13
EP0202317A1 (en) 1986-11-26
DE3513833C2 (en) 1989-04-13
HU195026B (en) 1988-03-28
US4641120A (en) 1987-02-03
DD239298A5 (en) 1986-09-17
HUT41155A (en) 1987-03-30

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