EP0201441B1 - Apparatus for injecting pulverent material into a furnace, especially a blast furnace, and uses - Google Patents
Apparatus for injecting pulverent material into a furnace, especially a blast furnace, and uses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0201441B1 EP0201441B1 EP86440033A EP86440033A EP0201441B1 EP 0201441 B1 EP0201441 B1 EP 0201441B1 EP 86440033 A EP86440033 A EP 86440033A EP 86440033 A EP86440033 A EP 86440033A EP 0201441 B1 EP0201441 B1 EP 0201441B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- materials
- nozzle
- blast pipe
- furnace
- blast
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 iron ore Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/002—Heated electrically (plasma)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/003—Injection of pulverulent coal
Definitions
- these injections are cooling additions, the effect of which must be compensated by a supply of heat advantageously provided by electric arc plasma torches.
- the layer automatically finds an equilibrium thickness.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne l'injection de matières solides divisées, de préférence pulvérulentes, dans un four, notamment dans un haut-fourneau.The invention relates to the injection of divided solids, preferably pulverulent, in an oven, in particular in a blast furnace.
Plus particulièrement, dans le cas d'un haut-fourneau sidérurgique, les matières injectées peuvent être des oxydes métalliques, tels que du minerai de fer, et introduites au moyen d'une tuyère spécialisée directement dans la zone de réaction à haute température du haut-fourneau.More particularly, in the case of a steel blast furnace, the materials injected can be metal oxides, such as iron ore, and introduced by means of a specialized nozzle directly into the high temperature reaction zone from the top -furnace.
Bien que l'invention puisse, dans d'autres applications, être utilisée pour l'injection, par exemple, de charbon pulvérulent dans des fours de combustion, on se référera par la suite, pour des raisons de clarté de l'exposé, au cas de l'injection de matières dans un haut-fourneau sidérurgique pour la production de fonte.Although the invention can, in other applications, be used for the injection, for example, of pulverulent coal in combustion ovens, reference will be made thereafter, for reasons of clarity of the description, to case of injecting materials into a steel blast furnace for the production of pig iron.
Classiquement, ces injections sont des additions refroidissantes dont l'effet doit être compensé par un apport de chaleur procuré avantageusement par des torches électriques à plasma d'arc.Conventionally, these injections are cooling additions, the effect of which must be compensated by a supply of heat advantageously provided by electric arc plasma torches.
Un dispositif d'injection du type considéré est connu entre autres par le document FR-A 2 512 313. Malheureusement, ce document ne décrit que très schématiquement le dispositif et ne s'attarde pas sur les difficultés de réalisation pratique de la tuyère qui doit résister à des températures très élevées et des conditions d'abrasion sévères.An injection device of the type considered is known inter alia from document FR-A 2,512,313. Unfortunately, this document only very schematically describes the device and does not dwell on the difficulties of practical realization of the nozzle which must withstand very high temperatures and severe abrasion conditions.
Le but de l'invention est de proposer un dispositif d'injection simple et résistant permettant effectivement la mise en oeuvre de l'injection de matières solides divisées accompagnée d'un apport calorifique à haute température par torches à plasma.The object of the invention is to provide a simple and resistant injection device effectively allowing the implementation of the injection of divided solid matter accompanied by a heat supply at high temperature by plasma torches.
Pour atteindre ce but, le dispositif selon l'invention comprend une torche à plasma, une tuyère prolongeant la torche et au moins une buse d'injection des matières solides en aval de la torche; la tuyère comporte une partie aval sensiblement cylindrique ou tronconique légèrement convergente et une partie amont, tronconique divergente; la torche à plasma est placée coaxialement à la tuyère à l'entrée de la partie amont de la tuyère, la buse d'injection des matières solides débouche obliquement dans la partie amont de la tuyère et l'angle de conicité de la partie amont de la tuyère correspond sensiblement à l'angle d'expansion naturelle du jet de plasma, de manière que ces matières soient entraînées dans le jet de plasma et qu'une partie d'entre elles soient projetées sur la paroi interne de la tuyère.To achieve this object, the device according to the invention comprises a plasma torch, a nozzle extending the torch and at least one nozzle for injecting solid materials downstream from the torch; the nozzle comprises a substantially cylindrical or frustoconical downstream part which is slightly convergent and an upstream, frustoconical diverging part; the plasma torch is placed coaxially with the nozzle at the entrance to the upstream part of the nozzle, the solids injection nozzle opens obliquely into the upstream part of the nozzle and the taper angle of the upstream part of the nozzle corresponds substantially to the angle of natural expansion of the plasma jet, so that these materials are entrained in the plasma jet and that part of them are projected onto the internal wall of the nozzle.
On obtient de la sorte un autogarnissage de la paroi interne de la tuyère qui d'une part limite les pertes thermiques et d'autre part joue un rôle protecteur de la paroi de la tuyère à l'égard de l'abrasion et des hautes températures.In this way we obtain a self-filling of the internal wall of the nozzle which on the one hand limits the heat losses and on the other hand plays a protective role of the wall of the nozzle with respect to abrasion and high temperatures .
De plus, la couche trouve automatiquement une épaisseur d'équilibre.In addition, the layer automatically finds an equilibrium thickness.
L'effet d'autogarnissage est favorisé si les matières sont conditionnées en poudre.The self-filling effect is favored if the materials are packaged in powder.
On peut conformer spécialement la paroi interne de la tuyère pour favoriser l'accrochage des matières projetées.The internal wall of the nozzle can be specially shaped to favor the attachment of the projected materials.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention, ressortiront de la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation préféré. Il sera fait référence à la figure unique annexée qui représente en coupe le dispositif de l'invention.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description of a preferred embodiment. Reference will be made to the appended single figure which represents in section the device of the invention.
On y voit la tuyère 1 débouchant dans la zone de réaction 2 d'un haut-fourneau sidérurgique, dont on a seulement représenté le blindage 3. La tuyère 1 comporte intérieurement une partie aval sensiblement cylindrique 4 d'axe 5, que précède une partie amont 6 en forme de tronc de cone divergent de même axe 5. Le passage intérieur de la tuyère est refroidi par des moyens conventionnels (circulation d'eau par exemple) symbolisés par les pointillés 7.We see there the nozzle 1 emerging in the reaction zone 2 of a steel blast furnace, of which the shielding has only been shown. The nozzle 1 internally comprises a substantially cylindrical
Une torche à plasma 8 est disposée dans le prolongement axial de la tuyère 1, son électrode aval 9 venant en butée sphérique contre l'arrière de la tuyère 1, de telle manière que le jet de plasma débouche directement dans la partie conique 6 de la tuyère. La conicité de celle-ci est sensiblement égale à l'angle naturel d'expansion du jet de plasma (couramment 11°). Si cette conicité est sensiblement inférieure à cet angle, les vitesses périphériques de la veine de plasma seraient trop élevées pour permettre le dépôt de matières en paroi recherche. Inversement, si elle est sensiblement supérieure à cet angle, il se créerait des zones de recirculation des gaz autour du jet de plasma, susceptible d'entraîner, par dépression, de la fonte liquide dans la tuyère, en provenance du haut-fourneau.A
Des buses d'injection 10 viennent déboucher obliquement dans la partie conique 6 de la tuyère et sont reliées à une source d'alimentation en matière pulvérulente (oxydes de fer par exemple) et en gaz porteur. La matière pulvérulente injectée rencontre le jet de plasma dans une zone à très haute température, plus de 4000°C.Injection nozzles 10 come obliquely into the
La matière pulvérulente passe à l'état liquide, et l'essentiel est emporté par le jet de plasma dans la zone de réaction du haut-fourneau. Mais en raison de l'agencement du dispositif de l'invention, une partie de la matière à tendance à venir se plaquer contre la paroi interne refroidie de la tuyère, d'autant que ce phénomène est favorisé par l'effet de tourbillon du jet de plasma (existence d'un vortex). Il se forme alors sur la paroi interne de la tuyère 1 une couche 11 dont l'épaisseur est autorégulée: la matière en excès fond et tend à être emportée par le jet de plasma. Pour permettre à la matière injectée de bien se plaquer contre la paroi, il est préférable qu'elle ne soit pas délivrée dans la tuyère très profondément dans le jet de plasma. Avantageusement donc, les orifices de sortie des matières dans la tuyère affleurent la surface de la paroi, comme montré sur la figure.The pulverulent material passes into the liquid state, and most of it is carried away by the plasma jet in the reaction zone of the blast furnace. However, due to the arrangement of the device of the invention, part of the material tends to press against the cooled internal wall of the nozzle, all the more so since this phenomenon is favored by the swirling effect of the jet. plasma (existence of a vortex). A layer 11 is then formed on the internal wall of the nozzle 1, the thickness of which is self-regulating: the excess material melts and tends to be carried away by the plasma jet. To allow the injected material to press well against the wall, it is preferable that it is not delivered into the nozzle very deep in the plasma jet. Advantageously therefore, the material outlet orifices in the nozzle are flush with the surface of the wall, as shown in the figure.
L'autogarnissage de la paroi interne de la tuyère peut être favorisé en prévoyant sur celle-ci une zone d'accrochage: notamment en y disposant des picots ou inserts réfractaires. Pour la même raison, on peut prévoir que la partie aval 4 de la tuyère soit réalisée sous forme tronconique légèrement convergente.The self-filling of the internal wall of the nozzle can be favored by providing thereon an attachment zone: in particular by having pins or refractory inserts therein. For the same reason, provision can be made for the
Les parties aval 4 et amont 6 de la tuyère peuvent être réalisées en une seule pièce ou en plusieurs pièces.The downstream 4 and upstream 6 parts of the nozzle can be made in one piece or in several pieces.
Bien entendu, l'invention s'étend au delà de l'exemple décrit ci-avant et s'applique à l'injection de matières solides finement divisées quelle que soit leur nature (oxyde métallique, matière carbonée telle du charbon, coke, etc.) ou leur conditionnement (poussières sèches ou humides, ou sous forme de pulpe, par exemple une pulpe aqueuse minerai-eau ou charbon-eau, etc.).Of course, the invention extends beyond the example described above and applies to the injection of finely divided solids whatever their nature (metal oxide, carbonaceous material such as coal, coke, etc.) or their conditioning (dry or wet dust, or in the form of pulp, for example an aqueous ore-water or coal-water pulp, etc.).
De même, les buses 10 peuvent, si on le souhaite, se prolonger dans la tuyère à l'état neuf. Mais, dès la première mise en service, la portion qui dépasse, offerte au jet de plasma, va rapidement disparaître par fusion de sorte, qu'en utilisation, les matières injectées seront délivrées au niveau de la surface de la paroi.Likewise, the nozzles 10 can, if desired, extend into the nozzle in the new state. However, as soon as it is put into service for the first time, the protruding portion, offered to the plasma jet, will quickly disappear by fusion so that, in use, the materials injected will be delivered to the surface of the wall.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT86440033T ATE40411T1 (en) | 1985-05-06 | 1986-05-02 | DEVICE FOR INJECTING POWDERY MATERIAL INTO A FURNACE, ESPECIALLY A BLAST FURNACE AND USE THEREOF. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8506849 | 1985-05-06 | ||
| FR8506849A FR2581395B1 (en) | 1985-05-06 | 1985-05-06 | DEVICE FOR INJECTION OF SOLID MATERIALS DIVIDED INTO AN OVEN, IN PARTICULAR A STEEL BLAST, AND APPLICATIONS |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0201441A1 EP0201441A1 (en) | 1986-12-17 |
| EP0201441B1 true EP0201441B1 (en) | 1989-01-25 |
Family
ID=9318984
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP86440033A Expired EP0201441B1 (en) | 1985-05-06 | 1986-05-02 | Apparatus for injecting pulverent material into a furnace, especially a blast furnace, and uses |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4771993A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0201441B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1004705B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE40411T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU582234B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8602006A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1283297C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3661934D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES8705044A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2581395B1 (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1473715A3 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA863342B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4844737A (en) * | 1986-12-27 | 1989-07-04 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for operating a blast furnance by blowing pulverized coal |
| JPS63171818A (en) * | 1987-01-09 | 1988-07-15 | Nkk Corp | Tuyere for oxygen blast furnace |
| US5227117A (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-07-13 | Usx Corporation | Apparatus for blast furnace fuel injection |
| CA2073707C (en) * | 1992-07-13 | 1998-04-21 | Raymond Lemay | Pneumatic injection of powder or granule through submerged tuyeres |
| DE102006029725B4 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-08-28 | Siemens Ag | Method and device for introducing dusts into a molten metal of a pyrometallurgical plant |
| US9574770B2 (en) | 2012-04-17 | 2017-02-21 | Alter Nrg Corp. | Start-up torch |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LU39431A1 (en) * | 1959-12-24 | 1961-01-18 | ||
| US3827851A (en) * | 1972-10-03 | 1974-08-06 | Peabody Gordon Piatt | Combination, oil, gas, and/or solid burner |
| SU423846A1 (en) * | 1973-01-08 | 1974-04-15 | И. И. Кобеза Институт черной металлургии | HOT AIR BREW OF A DOMAIN FURNACE WITH INTEGRATED COMBUSTION CAMERA IN A DIRECT SITE |
| US4072502A (en) * | 1973-03-26 | 1978-02-07 | Skf Industrial Trading And Development Co. B.V. | Method apparatus for increasing blast gas temperature in a shaft furnace |
| US3892882A (en) * | 1973-05-25 | 1975-07-01 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for plasma flame spray coating in a sub-atmospheric pressure environment |
| US4002466A (en) * | 1975-11-03 | 1977-01-11 | Bethlehem Steel Corporation | Method of reducing ores |
| GB2085575A (en) * | 1980-08-22 | 1982-04-28 | Hamworthy Engineering | Multi-fuel Burner |
| US4422624A (en) * | 1981-08-27 | 1983-12-27 | Phelps Dodge Corporation | Concentrate burner |
| SE450898B (en) * | 1981-09-03 | 1987-08-10 | Skf Steel Eng Ab | SET FOR USING A PLASM MAGAZINE FOR SUPPLY OF HEAT ENERGY, AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SET |
| US4490171A (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1984-12-25 | Kobe Steel, Limited | Method and apparatus for injecting pulverized fuel into a blast furnace |
| SE8400738L (en) * | 1984-02-13 | 1985-08-14 | Petrokraft Ing Ab | BURNER FOR POWDER FUEL COMBUSTION |
-
1985
- 1985-05-06 FR FR8506849A patent/FR2581395B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1986
- 1986-05-02 DE DE8686440033T patent/DE3661934D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-05-02 US US06/858,927 patent/US4771993A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-05-02 AU AU57041/86A patent/AU582234B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-05-02 AT AT86440033T patent/ATE40411T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-05-02 EP EP86440033A patent/EP0201441B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-05-05 ZA ZA863342A patent/ZA863342B/en unknown
- 1986-05-05 SU SU864027425A patent/SU1473715A3/en active
- 1986-05-05 BR BR8602006A patent/BR8602006A/en active Search and Examination
- 1986-05-05 ES ES554651A patent/ES8705044A1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-05-05 CN CN86103851.7A patent/CN1004705B/en not_active Expired
- 1986-05-06 CA CA000508441A patent/CA1283297C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE40411T1 (en) | 1989-02-15 |
| US4771993A (en) | 1988-09-20 |
| BR8602006A (en) | 1987-01-06 |
| SU1473715A3 (en) | 1989-04-15 |
| AU5704186A (en) | 1986-11-13 |
| ZA863342B (en) | 1987-01-28 |
| EP0201441A1 (en) | 1986-12-17 |
| FR2581395B1 (en) | 1992-09-18 |
| CN86103851A (en) | 1986-12-31 |
| CA1283297C (en) | 1991-04-23 |
| CN1004705B (en) | 1989-07-05 |
| FR2581395A1 (en) | 1986-11-07 |
| DE3661934D1 (en) | 1989-03-02 |
| AU582234B2 (en) | 1989-03-16 |
| ES554651A0 (en) | 1987-04-16 |
| ES8705044A1 (en) | 1987-04-16 |
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