EP0198728A1 - Canon for obtaining a coherent water jet - Google Patents
Canon for obtaining a coherent water jet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0198728A1 EP0198728A1 EP86400421A EP86400421A EP0198728A1 EP 0198728 A1 EP0198728 A1 EP 0198728A1 EP 86400421 A EP86400421 A EP 86400421A EP 86400421 A EP86400421 A EP 86400421A EP 0198728 A1 EP0198728 A1 EP 0198728A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- axial channel
- liquid
- channel
- chamber
- nozzle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41B9/00—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure
- F41B9/0003—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure characterised by the pressurisation of the liquid
- F41B9/0031—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure characterised by the pressurisation of the liquid the liquid being pressurised at the moment of ejection
- F41B9/0043—Pressurisation by explosive pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
- B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
- B26F1/26—Perforating by non-mechanical means, e.g. by fluid jet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
- B26F3/00—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
- B26F3/004—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor by means of a fluid jet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41B9/00—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure
- F41B9/0003—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure characterised by the pressurisation of the liquid
- F41B9/0031—Liquid ejecting guns, e.g. water pistols, devices ejecting electrically charged liquid jets, devices ejecting liquid jets by explosive pressure characterised by the pressurisation of the liquid the liquid being pressurised at the moment of ejection
- F41B9/0043—Pressurisation by explosive pressure
- F41B9/0046—Disruptors, i.e. for neutralising explosive devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
- F42B33/06—Dismantling fuzes, cartridges, projectiles, missiles, rockets or bombs
- F42B33/062—Dismantling fuzes, cartridges, projectiles, missiles, rockets or bombs by high-pressure water jet means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cannon for obtaining a jet of liquid at high speed and in particular a water cannon capable of producing on a target located at a distance an energy shock sufficient to cause its destruction.
- such a cannon does not make it possible to project at a speed greater than a few hundred meters per second a cylindrical water jet which remains coherent over a path of the order of a meter or more.
- the present invention achieves these objectives by presenting a liquid jet gun reaching very high speeds, of the order of 1000 to 1500 m / s for example, the jets practically retaining their cylindrical shape until their impact with the object. to destroy.
- the present invention specifically aims a cannon for obtaining a jet of liquid at high speed using means particularly simple to implement.
- This gun essentially comprises a metal enclosure of generally elongated cylindrical shape, hollowed out with an axial channel closed at one end by a nozzle and provided at the other end with a nozzle hollowed out with an axial convergent, the axial channel comprising a piston mobile located between two extreme chambers, one adjacent to the nozzle and filled with a reserve of explosive powder and the other, separated from the axial convergent of the nozzle by a tearable lid and filled with the liquid to be projected in the form of a jet high speed.
- a liquid cannon according to the invention which essentially comprises a metal enclosure 1 of elongated cylindrical shape, hollowed out in its central part of an axial channel 2 intended to contain the liquid that is to be projected in the form of a high energy jet at high speed towards the outside 10 of the barrel.
- this axial channel 2 is closed at one of its ends by a nozzle 3 for example screwed onto the external wall of the enclosure 1 and at the other end 10 of the barrel or ejection end, by a nozzle 4 also screwed at 5 onto the opposite external wall of the enclosure 1.
- the nozzle 4 is hollowed out along its axis with a portion 6 in the form of a convergent and which follows the axial channel 2 of the enclosure 1.
- the optimization of the convergent 6 was obtained by taking a value of the length ratio of the column of water of the convergent length close to 1.
- the convergent 6 has a useful length of 200 mm, an angle of 2 ° 20.
- the interior surface finish is perfect. The tests carried out have shown that better efficiency is obtained with a convergent 6 vacuum of water.
- the channel 2 of the enclosure 1 also comprises at its end situated towards the end piece 3 a chamber 8 filled with explosive powder and between the chamber 8 and the liquid 2, a movable piston 9 capable of sliding longitudinally in channel 2.
- a conduit 8a makes it possible to connect the chamber 8 to the outside for firing ques.
- Optimizing the efficiency of the water cannon, object of the invention also follows from the particular shape given to the piston 9.
- This shape drawn in FIG. 2 where an arrow represents the direction of movement, essentially comprises a base cylindrical 11 having the diameter of the channel 2 and, at the front, a concave part 12 serving to push the water column.
- the characteristics of the liquid jet thus obtained depend directly on the nature and the quantity of the powder contained in the chamber 8, on the shape and the length of the convergent 6, as well as on the possible presence of a visco-plastic additive. to the liquid used.
- the consistency of the liquid jet was greatly increased by the addition of 2% soluble polyethylene to water.
- a cannon such as the one just described made it possible to obtain water jets capable of piercing a stack of six steel plates 1 mm thick each at a distance of 1 m. Such jets reach a speed of 1500 m / s and keep an almost constant diameter over a distance of 1 meter.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a pour objet un canon pour l'obtention d'un jet de liquide à grande vitesse et notamment un canon à eau capable de produire sur une cible située à distance un choc énergétique suffisant pour provoquer sa destruction.The present invention relates to a cannon for obtaining a jet of liquid at high speed and in particular a water cannon capable of producing on a target located at a distance an energy shock sufficient to cause its destruction.
On connaît déjà des canaux à eau utilisés pour détruire à courte distance des objets dangereux ou indésirables, tels que, notamment, les charges explosives. Un tel canon fait l'objet, par exemple, du brevet GB-A-2 083 894.There are already known water channels used to destroy dangerous or unwanted objects at short range, such as, in particular, explosive charges. Such a cannon is the subject, for example, of patent GB-A-2,083,894.
Si l'on étudie toutefois de façon approfondie le fonctionnement d'un tel canon, on s'aperçoit que l'énergie mise en réserve dans la charge explosive est mal utilisée et que les effetsproduits sont médiocres car, d'une part, l'action directe de la charge explosive sur la colonne liquide ne permet pas une bonne transmission de l'énergie à l'ensemble de cette colonne liquide, et, d'autre part, la forme cylindrique de la bouche du canon conduit à une dispersion rapide de la colonne après son éjection.If we however study in depth the operation of such a gun, we will see that the energy stored in the explosive charge is misused and that the effects produced are poor because, on the one hand, the direct action of the explosive charge on the liquid column does not allow good transmission of energy to the whole of this liquid column, and, on the other hand, the cylindrical shape of the muzzle of the barrel leads to a rapid dispersion of the column after ejection.
En d'autres termes, un tel canon ne permet pas de projeter à une vitesse supérieure à quelques centaines de mètres par seconde un jet d'eau cylindrique qui reste cohérent sur un trajet de l'ordre de un mètre ou plus.In other words, such a cannon does not make it possible to project at a speed greater than a few hundred meters per second a cylindrical water jet which remains coherent over a path of the order of a meter or more.
La présente invention réalise ces objectifs en présentant un canon à jet de liquide atteignant des vitesses très élevées, de l'ordre de 1000 à 1500 m/s par exemple, les jets conservant pratiquement leur forme cylindrique jusqu'à leur impact avec l'objet à détruire.The present invention achieves these objectives by presenting a liquid jet gun reaching very high speeds, of the order of 1000 to 1500 m / s for example, the jets practically retaining their cylindrical shape until their impact with the object. to destroy.
Il est connu que lorsqu'une colonne de liquide fortement comprimée est éjectée au travers d'un dispositif ou d'une buse ayant la forme d'un convergent, elle acquiert une grande énergie cinétique avec formation d'un jet dont la vitesse est donnée par l'équation
- P est la pression du liquide à l'entrée du convergent et
- p est la densité du liquide.
- P is the pressure of the liquid at the inlet of the convergent and
- p is the density of the liquid.
Pour obtenir des vitesses d'éjection très élevées du jet du liquide, il importe donc de créer des pressions dynamiques également très élevées l'entrée du convergent. On obtient ainsi une augmentation considérable de la vitesse du jet de liquide que l'on peut utiliser alors avec une distance d'action importante pour obtenir des pressions dynamiques très élevées sur une cible que l'on souhaite détruire par choc de ce jet de liquide.To obtain very high ejection speeds of the liquid jet, it is therefore important to create dynamic pressures which are also very high at the inlet of the convergent. A considerable increase is thus obtained in the speed of the jet of liquid which can then be used with a significant distance of action to obtain very high dynamic pressures on a target which it is desired to destroy by shock of this jet of liquid. .
A cet effet, la présente invention a précisément pour but un canon permettant l'obtention d'un jet de liquide à grande vitesse à l'aide de moyens particulièrement simples à mettre en oeuvre.To this end, the present invention specifically aims a cannon for obtaining a jet of liquid at high speed using means particularly simple to implement.
Ce canon comporte essentiellement une enceinte métallique de forme générale cylindrique allongée, creusée d'un canal axial fermé à une extrémité par un embout et munie à l'autre extrémité d'une buse creusée d'un convergent axial, le canal axial comportant un piston mobile situé entre deux chambre extrêmes, l'une adjacente à l'embout et remplie d'une réserve de poudre explosive et l'autre, séparée du convergent axial de la buse par un opercule déchirable et remplie du liquide à projeter sous forme de jet à grande vitesse.This gun essentially comprises a metal enclosure of generally elongated cylindrical shape, hollowed out with an axial channel closed at one end by a nozzle and provided at the other end with a nozzle hollowed out with an axial convergent, the axial channel comprising a piston mobile located between two extreme chambers, one adjacent to the nozzle and filled with a reserve of explosive powder and the other, separated from the axial convergent of the nozzle by a tearable lid and filled with the liquid to be projected in the form of a jet high speed.
De toute façon, l'invention sera mieux comprise en se référant à la description qui suit d'un exemple de mise en oeuvre du canon à liquide, description qui sera faite à titre illustratif et non limitatif en se référant aux figures 1 et 2 ci-jointes.Anyway, the invention will be better understood by referring to the following description of an example of implementation of the liquid cannon, description which will be given by way of illustration and without limitation with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 below. -joint.
Sur la figure 1, on a représenté en coupe éclatée selon son axe AA un canon à liquide selon l'invention qui comporte essentiellement une enceinte métallique 1 de forme cylindrique allongée, creusée dans sa partie centrale d'un canal axial 2 destiné à renfermer le liquide que l'on veut projeter sous la forme d'un jet de grande énergie à vitesse élevée vers l'extérieur 10 du canon.In Figure 1, there is shown in exploded section along its axis AA a liquid cannon according to the invention which essentially comprises a metal enclosure 1 of elongated cylindrical shape, hollowed out in its central part of an axial channel 2 intended to contain the liquid that is to be projected in the form of a high energy jet at high speed towards the
Selon l'invention, ce canal axial 2 est fermé à l'une de ses extrémités par un embout 3 par exemple vissé sur la paroi externe de l'enceinte 1 et à l'autre extrémité 10 du canon ou extrémité d'éjection, par une buse 4 également vissée en 5 sur la paroi externe opposée de l'enceinte 1.According to the invention, this axial channel 2 is closed at one of its ends by a nozzle 3 for example screwed onto the external wall of the enclosure 1 and at the
Conformément à l'invention, la buse 4 est creusée selon son axe d'une partie 6 en forme de convergent et qui fait suite au canal axial 2 de l'enceinte 1. Un opercule déchirable 7, par exemple en matière plastique, ferme le canal axial 2 de l'enceinte 1 en assurant la séparation entre celui-ci et le canal convergent 6 de la buse 4.In accordance with the invention, the
L'optimisation du convergent 6 a été obtenue en prenant une valeur du rapport longueur de la colonne d'eaullongueur du convergent voisine de 1. Le convergent 6 a une longueur utile de 200 mm, un angle de 2°20. L'état de surface intérieure est parfait. Les essais effectués ont montré qu'une meilleure efficacité est obtenue avec un convergent 6 vide d'eau.The optimization of the convergent 6 was obtained by taking a value of the length ratio of the column of water of the convergent length close to 1. The convergent 6 has a useful length of 200 mm, an angle of 2 ° 20. The interior surface finish is perfect. The tests carried out have shown that better efficiency is obtained with a convergent 6 vacuum of water.
Selon l'invention, le canal 2 de l'enceinte 1 comporte encore à son extrémité située vers l'embout 3 une chambre 8 remplie de poudre explosive et entre la chambre 8 et le liquide 2, un piston mobile 9 apte à coulisser longitudinalement dans le canal 2. Un conduit 8a permet de relier la chambre 8 à l'extérieur pour la mise à feu de ques.According to the invention, the channel 2 of the enclosure 1 also comprises at its end situated towards the end piece 3 a
L'optimisation de l'efficacité du canon à eau, objet de l'invention, découle également de la forme particulière donnée au piston 9. Cette forme, dessinée sur la figure 2 où une flèche figure le sens du mouvement, comporte essentiellement une base cylindrique 11 ayant le diamètre du canal 2 et, à l'avant, une partie concave 12 servant à pousser la colonne d'eau.Optimizing the efficiency of the water cannon, object of the invention, also follows from the particular shape given to the
Dans ces conditions, le fonctionnement du canon à liquide est le suivant :
- la mise à feu par un moyen quelconque connu de la poudre contenue dans la
chambre 8 produit en un temps très court une pression très élevée qui propulse lepiston 9 à grande vitesse dans le canal 2 en assurant ainsi la compression du liquide qu'il contient. Lorsque la pression de ce liquide est telle que la force résultante sur l'opercule 7 est supérieure à la résistance mécanique de cet opercule, il y a rupture de celui-ci et le liquide contenu dans le canal 2 est expulsé avec violence à travers leconvergent 6, formant ainsi urf jet à grande vitesse qui jaillit à l'extrémité 10 du canon à liquide.
- the ignition by any known means of the powder contained in the
chamber 8 produces in a very short time a very high pressure which propels thepiston 9 at high speed in the channel 2 thus ensuring the compression of the liquid which it contains . When the pressure of this liquid is such that the resulting force on the seal 7 is greater than the mechanical resistance of this seal, there is rupture of the latter and the liquid contained in the channel 2 is violently expelled through theconverge 6, thus forming a high speed jet urf which gushes out at theend 10 of the liquid cannon.
Les caractéristiques du jet de liquide ainsi obtenu dépendent directement de la nature et de la quantité de la poudre contenue dans la chambre 8, de la forme et de la longueur du convergent 6, ainsi que de la présence éventuelle d'un additif visco-plastique au liquide utilisé. C'est ainsi que la cohérence du jet liquide a été grandement augmentée par l'addition à l'eau de 2% de polyéthylène soluble.The characteristics of the liquid jet thus obtained depend directly on the nature and the quantity of the powder contained in the
Un canon tel que celui qui vient d'être décrit a permis d'obtenir des jets d'eau capables de percer un empilement de six plaques d'acier de 1 mm d'épaisseur chacune à une distance de 1 m. De tels jets atteignent une vitesse de 1500 m/s et gardent un diamètre pratiquement constant sur une distance de 1 mètre.A cannon such as the one just described made it possible to obtain water jets capable of piercing a stack of six steel plates 1 mm thick each at a distance of 1 m. Such jets reach a speed of 1500 m / s and keep an almost constant diameter over a distance of 1 meter.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8503206A FR2578475B1 (en) | 1985-03-05 | 1985-03-05 | CANON FOR OBTAINING A JET OF HIGH SPEED LIQUID |
FR8503206 | 1985-03-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0198728A1 true EP0198728A1 (en) | 1986-10-22 |
EP0198728B1 EP0198728B1 (en) | 1989-11-02 |
Family
ID=9316871
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86400421A Expired EP0198728B1 (en) | 1985-03-05 | 1986-02-27 | Canon for obtaining a coherent water jet |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0198728B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3666680D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2578475B1 (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2227082A (en) * | 1989-01-25 | 1990-07-18 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Apparatus for producing smoke screens and the like |
FR2661490A1 (en) * | 1990-04-26 | 1991-10-31 | Lavoix Pierre | Multi-purpose canon for neutralising booby-trapped packages |
WO1992005396A1 (en) * | 1990-09-18 | 1992-04-02 | Richmond Electronics And Engineering International Limited | A device for firing a projectile |
WO1995014207A1 (en) * | 1993-11-13 | 1995-05-26 | Richmond Electronics And Engineering Limited | Liquid containing projectile made of plastics foam and gun for firing such a projectile |
FR2726355A1 (en) * | 1994-10-27 | 1996-05-03 | France Etat | Water cannon for bomb disposal |
GB2317677A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-04-01 | Anthony Dewhurst | Discharge baton |
WO1998015321A1 (en) * | 1996-10-10 | 1998-04-16 | Huegin Lothar | Impulse extinguisher |
CN101158563B (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2010-07-14 | 杨德智 | Explosive substance destroy machine and special warhead thereof |
US9976838B1 (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2018-05-22 | F. Richard Langner | Methods and apparatus for disarming an explosive device |
US10488147B2 (en) | 2016-02-24 | 2019-11-26 | Simon TREMBLAY | Electric projection weapon system |
CN110701952A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) | Underwater pressure-equalizing exhaust emission experimental device |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2726638B1 (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1996-12-13 | France Etat | DEVICE FOR Firing a propellant charge for a water cannon |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2030684A (en) * | 1978-09-28 | 1980-04-10 | Hanson R | Bomb circuit disrupting device and method |
GB2083894A (en) * | 1980-09-18 | 1982-03-31 | Ester Gerd | Gun for neutralising explosives and the like |
US4369850A (en) * | 1980-07-28 | 1983-01-25 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | High pressure fluid jet cutting and drilling apparatus |
-
1985
- 1985-03-05 FR FR8503206A patent/FR2578475B1/en not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-02-27 EP EP86400421A patent/EP0198728B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-02-27 DE DE8686400421T patent/DE3666680D1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2030684A (en) * | 1978-09-28 | 1980-04-10 | Hanson R | Bomb circuit disrupting device and method |
US4369850A (en) * | 1980-07-28 | 1983-01-25 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | High pressure fluid jet cutting and drilling apparatus |
US4369850B1 (en) * | 1980-07-28 | 1988-07-12 | ||
US4369850B2 (en) * | 1980-07-28 | 1989-06-06 | High pressure fluid jet cutting and drilling apparatus | |
GB2083894A (en) * | 1980-09-18 | 1982-03-31 | Ester Gerd | Gun for neutralising explosives and the like |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
MACHINE DESIGN, vol. 45, no. 5, 22 février 1973, pages 89-93; F.J. LAVOIE: "Water jet machining" * |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2227082A (en) * | 1989-01-25 | 1990-07-18 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Apparatus for producing smoke screens and the like |
FR2642157A1 (en) * | 1989-01-25 | 1990-07-27 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | DEVICE FOR THE FAST PRODUCTION OF A SMOKE TABLECLOTH |
GB2227082B (en) * | 1989-01-25 | 1993-06-23 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Apparatus for producing smoke screens and the like |
US5259318A (en) * | 1989-01-25 | 1993-11-09 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Device for the rapid producion of large-area smoke screens |
FR2661490A1 (en) * | 1990-04-26 | 1991-10-31 | Lavoix Pierre | Multi-purpose canon for neutralising booby-trapped packages |
EP0539639A1 (en) * | 1990-04-26 | 1993-05-05 | Pierre Lavoix | Polyvalent barrel for neutralizing trapped parcels |
WO1992005396A1 (en) * | 1990-09-18 | 1992-04-02 | Richmond Electronics And Engineering International Limited | A device for firing a projectile |
WO1995014207A1 (en) * | 1993-11-13 | 1995-05-26 | Richmond Electronics And Engineering Limited | Liquid containing projectile made of plastics foam and gun for firing such a projectile |
FR2726355A1 (en) * | 1994-10-27 | 1996-05-03 | France Etat | Water cannon for bomb disposal |
GB2317677A (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-04-01 | Anthony Dewhurst | Discharge baton |
WO1998015321A1 (en) * | 1996-10-10 | 1998-04-16 | Huegin Lothar | Impulse extinguisher |
CN101158563B (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2010-07-14 | 杨德智 | Explosive substance destroy machine and special warhead thereof |
US10488147B2 (en) | 2016-02-24 | 2019-11-26 | Simon TREMBLAY | Electric projection weapon system |
US9976838B1 (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2018-05-22 | F. Richard Langner | Methods and apparatus for disarming an explosive device |
CN110701952A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) | Underwater pressure-equalizing exhaust emission experimental device |
CN110701952B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-11-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) | Underwater pressure-equalizing exhaust emission experimental device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2578475A1 (en) | 1986-09-12 |
DE3666680D1 (en) | 1989-12-07 |
EP0198728B1 (en) | 1989-11-02 |
FR2578475B1 (en) | 1988-07-01 |
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