EP0197563A1 - Werkzeug für den Komplettausbau von Zylinderbüchsen, Kolben und Kolbenstangen - Google Patents

Werkzeug für den Komplettausbau von Zylinderbüchsen, Kolben und Kolbenstangen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0197563A1
EP0197563A1 EP86105082A EP86105082A EP0197563A1 EP 0197563 A1 EP0197563 A1 EP 0197563A1 EP 86105082 A EP86105082 A EP 86105082A EP 86105082 A EP86105082 A EP 86105082A EP 0197563 A1 EP0197563 A1 EP 0197563A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
liner
mandrel
piston
driver
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86105082A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0197563B1 (de
Inventor
Louis F. Vachon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Caterpillar Inc
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Inc filed Critical Caterpillar Inc
Publication of EP0197563A1 publication Critical patent/EP0197563A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0197563B1 publication Critical patent/EP0197563B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0043—Arrangements of mechanical drive elements
    • F02F7/0046—Shape of casings adapted to facilitate fitting or dismantling of engine parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/06—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same inserting or withdrawing sleeves or bearing races
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B9/00—Hand-held gripping tools other than those covered by group B25B7/00

Definitions

  • the invention relates to removal of a cylinder liner, piston, ring and rod from an engine, and more particularly the invention relates to a method of removing such engine components as a unit.
  • a disadvantage of this practice is that the piston must first be removed through the top of the associated cylinder liner so that the tool may be inserted in the liner. Performing these individual steps is inconvenient and time consuming, particularly where the carbon build-up or wear step is pronounced and must first be removed by finding in order to the slide the piston out of the bore.
  • GB-A-503261 discloses the removal of liner, piston and connecting rod together.
  • a tool which has a rod with two ends. Each of the ends are positioned in opposite ports in the liner, and the engine rotated to urge the associated piston against the rod for dislocating the liner.
  • US-A-3805359 US-A-945104 shows another such tool in which an impact device is slidable on the tool to strike an anvil and break the liner loose.
  • a tool is inserted in the bore of the cylinder liner.
  • a force is applied on said tool, whereby said tool and said liner are moved relative to the engine block.
  • the cylinder liner and the piston are removed from said engine block as a unit. It will be noted, however, that this type of removal practice still requires separate steps to remove the piston and rod.
  • the present invention is directed to a tool for use in a method overcoming one or more of the above problems.
  • a method for removing a cylinder liner, piston, ring and rod as a unit from an engine block includes inserting a tool in the bore of the liner, expanding the tool against the liner and establishing frictional contact between the tool and liner.
  • the method further includes applying a force on the tool and moving the tool with the liner relative to the engine block, establishing at least a partial vacuum in the liner above the piston, and then removing as a unit the liner with the piston, ring and rod.
  • the method includes inserting a tool having a driver and mandrel in the bore of the cylinder liner and moving the piston against and urging the driver into an aperture of the mandrel.
  • the method further includes applying a force on the mandrel in the direction of piston travel and diametrically expanding the mandrel into frictional engagement with the liner in response to the driver being urged into the mandrel, and moving the tool with the liner relative to the engine block. At least a partial vacuum is established in the liner above the piston, and the liner together with the associated piston, ring and rod are removed as a unit.
  • a tool for inserting into and frictionally engaging a cylinder liner for removal of said cylinder liner from an engine block in response to a force applied on said tool comprising:
  • the cylinder liner, piston and other associated components are removed as a unit to simplify engine repair work. Removal as a unit obviates separate operations which involve first removing the piston through the liner and then insertion of a tool to grab the underside of the liner in order to pull the liner out of the block.
  • a tool 12 which may be employed to remove a cylinder liner, piston with one or more rings, and rod in their assembled or operational relationship is shown.
  • the tool is diametrically adjustable such that it can be inserted into the cylinder bore 18 even where a carbon build-up or wear step is present on the liner 16.
  • the tool has two segments 40 which may be described as single-tapered collets with slots 42 such as are often used to make chucks for holding workpieces during machining operations.
  • the segments are constructed of metal with the slots filled or sealed with an elastomeric or plastic material identified by reference numeral 44.
  • Two tapered arbors 46 are receivable in tapered openings 47 in the segments 40.
  • the arbors are of metal construction and each may be slotted to receive a key for engagement with a slot in its respective segment.
  • a bolt 48 is positionable through openings in the segments and arbors.
  • One of the arbors is counterbored to receive the bolt head (see Figs. 1 and 2).
  • the bolt is also positionable through openings in a spacer 50 and oversized washer 52 and is at one end threadably engageable with a nut 54. It will be seen that when the tool is assembled and the nut is turned relative to the bolt, the tapered arbors will be urged further into their respective tapered openings causing the segments to expand diametrically.
  • the tool 12 of Figs. 3 and 4 is shown in Figs. 1 and"2 to, as later described, illustrate removal from the engine 10 of a unit 58 defined to include the cylinder liner 16, piston 26, rings 28 and rod 32 assembled together in their operational relationship.
  • FIG. 5 Another embodiment of tool 12 is shown in Figs. 5 and 6.
  • That tool has a mandrel 60 with a circumferential wall 62.
  • the circumferential wall 62 has an outer surface 64 defining a diameter of the mandrel and an inner surface 66, at least partly tapered, defining an aperture 68.
  • the aperture is shown opening on first and second ends 69,70 of the mandrel.
  • the mandrel also has a plurality of slots 72 dividing the circumferential wall into segments 74 such that diametrical expansion of the mandrel tends to occur in response to forces exerted on the inner surface.
  • the slots preferably are symmetrically located and extend substantially the length of the mandrel so expansion will be essentially uniform.
  • the mandrel also desirably has its outer surface and second end covered with a flexible, preferably elastomeric, cover 76.
  • a cap 78 having an opening 80 therethrough is also positionable on the second end of the man
  • the tool 12 further has a driver 82 which has a base 84 and a body portion 86 with tapered walls 88.
  • the tapered walls extend from the base and define a frusto-conical shape.
  • the body portion is insertable into the aperture 68 from the first end 69 of the mandrel 60.
  • the driver also has an opening 90 therethrough which is at least partly threaded.
  • the base of the driver extends across the first end of the mandrel when the body portion is positioned in the mandrel.
  • Means 94 is provided for applying a force on the driver 82 for moving the driver, once inserted into the mandrel 60, to a preselected position in the aperture 68 at which the body portion 86 urges against the inner surface 66 tending to enlarge the diameter of the mandrel.
  • the means includes a threaded rod 96 with a nut 98 and a threaded portion 100 which engages with the threaded portion of opening 90 of the driver so that the driver may be "pulled” into position in the mandrel by progressively tightening the nut against the cap.
  • the body portion is movable to succeeding positions in the aperture because the tapered wall of the body portion will slide along the tapered inner surface 66 defining the aperture when sufficient force is applied to the driver. At each succeeding position the tapered walls of the body portion will increasingly forcibly urge against,the inner surface tending to define a larger diameter of the mandrel.
  • a tool 12 such as illustrated is inserted into the cylinder bore 18 and expanded against the inner walls of the cylinder liner 16 (Fig. 1). Expansion establishes a frictional fit or contact between the cylinder liner and the outer surface of the tool.
  • the bolt 48 is adjusted to establish frictional forces between the tool and liner greater than those of the fit of the liner in the bore 18.
  • the tool of Fi g. 5 also facilitates this practice by adjustment of the nut 98.
  • Uniform diametrical expansion and metal-rubber construction, characteristics of the illustrated tools, substantially eliminate damage to the liner.
  • a force is subsequently applied on the tool in a longitudinal or axial direction relative to the liner. Because of the frictional fit of the tool with the liner, sufficient force on the tool "breaks" the interference fit and the liner will move with the tool from its position in the engine block 14 (Fig. 2). The liner is thus removable from the block.
  • Sufficient force for removal may be applied to the tool 12 by moving the piston 26 in the bore 18 and engaging the piston with and urging it against the bottom of the tool.
  • the piston is moved by rotating the crankshaft 37 with, for example, an engine turning tool which engages the flywheel in much the same fashion as the engine starter pinion.
  • the force on the tool 12 may also be applied on the top of either of the described tools such as by positioning a bar across and spaced from the top of the tool.
  • the bar for example, may be supported by spacers resting on the top surface 35 of the block 14.
  • a rod passes through an opening in the bar with one end attached to the tool and the other end threadably engaged by a nut.
  • the nut may be adjusted working against the bar to raise the rod thereby applying a lifting force to the tool.
  • the threaded rod 96 passes through the bar.
  • An additional nut is tightened against the cap 78 to hold the threaded portion in place in the driver while nut 98 is adjusted to provide the lifting force.
  • Other devices may also be used.
  • the tool 12 of Figs. 5 and 6 also facilitates removing the unit 58 by using movement of the piston 26 to provide both the force for removal and the force for expansion of the tool.
  • the mandrel 60 need only be held against movement in the cylinder liner 16 with sufficient force to resist the tendency of the mandrel to slide in the liner as the piston initially moves against the driver. This force may be established, for example, by use of the threaded rod 96 and nut 98 to diametrically expand the mandrel to a preselected frictional engagement with the liner.
  • movement of the tool 12 and liner 16 by the piston 26 or other, device applying the force need be only that sufficient to break the interference fit of the O-rings 20. In other engine configurations more tool-liner movement may be desirable or necessary depending upon the nature of the interference fit of the liner and engine block 14.
  • At least a partial vacuum is to be established in the liner 16 above the top surface 27 of the piston 26 to maintain the unit 58 intact for and during removal.
  • the tool 12 may be used throughout removal as an air-tight covering with the vacuum being established in the liner between the tool and piston.
  • expanding the tools shown also establishes an air-tight fit or contact between the tool and liner to facilitate forming the vacuum.
  • the tool may be removed to be used on other cylinders or engines with a cap being put in place on the top of the liner to act as the air-tight covering.
  • the cap for example, may be a plastic plug which simply fits snugly into the bore 18 and "seals" against the liner's inner surface. The vacuum is established between the plug and the piston.
  • conditions for generating sufficient vacuum may be established by having the piston 26 in contact or closely adjacent the tool 12 or cap prior to lifting the liner from the block 14 (See Fig. 2).
  • the vacuum is established from the tendency of the piston to move downwardly when the liner is lifted with the piston, rings 28 and interconnected rod 32 unsupported.
  • the crankshaft 37 is rotated and position the piston 26 at a desired travel point in the cylinder bore 18 to facilitate positioning the tool and completing the removal process.
  • the tool 12 is inserted into the bore preferably far enough such that it will not be over the carbon build-up or wear step.
  • the piston be positioned such that, at the time of lifting the liner from the block, it will be adjacent or in contact with the tool 12, or cap if used, to facilitate establishing the vacuum.
  • its initial position is preferably on the upstroke such that it will be adjacent or in contact with the tool. This minimizes the resistance to piston movement from air trapped by the tool in bore 18 which must leak past the rings.
  • One practice which works well is to insert the tool in the cylinder bore 18 and rest it on the piston. For the tool of Fig. 3, the bottom segment 40 would rest on the piston, while for the tool of Fig.
  • the base 84 of the driver 82 would rest thereon. This permits one to simply rotate the crankshaft 34 to move the piston and tool to desired positions Prior to diametrically expanding the tool, if necessary, and then to expand the tool in contact with the piston to facilitate the removal process.
  • the tool 12 is "expanded” to establish the frictional fit.
  • the air-tight fit is simultaneously established without additional “sealing" such that the tool may be satisfactorily used during the entire removal process. It may be necessary for sufficient vacuum, however, to use an O-ring at the head of the bolt 48 in the tool of Fig. 3, or to otherwise prevent air flow along the bolt.
  • the bolt head being recessed in the counterbore of the arbor 46 eliminates piston damage from the bolt head 26 and holds the bolt from movement during tool expansion. Also, the arbors 48 being keyed to their respective segments 40 prevents relative movement therebetween. In the tool of Fig. 5, the elastomeric cover 76 performs the function of sealing to establish the vacuum.
  • the cylinder liner 16 is next unseated to break the interference fit by applying sufficient force to the tool 12 as previously explained. If desired, the tool may then be removed and used to unseat the next liner on the engine for which a piston 26 is in proper position. A cap is fitted in the freed liner so that the vacuum may be established for completing removal. Otherwise, the tool is maintained in place. Next, the rod cap 38 is removed and the liner or tool where present grasped to pull the liner free of the block 14.
  • the oversized washer 52 shown with the tool of Fig. 3 or the eye portion of the tool of Fig. 5, for example, is a convenient point at which to connect the tool being used to an overhead device if needed for lifting purposes. With the partial vacuum, the piston 26, rings 28 and rod 32 will, without being supported, move free of the engine 10 together with the liner for removal as the unit 58 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)
EP86105082A 1983-05-02 1983-10-24 Werkzeug für den Komplettausbau von Zylinderbüchsen, Kolben und Kolbenstangen Expired EP0197563B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US49094283A 1983-05-02 1983-05-02
US490942 1983-05-02

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83903719.9 Division 1984-11-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0197563A1 true EP0197563A1 (de) 1986-10-15
EP0197563B1 EP0197563B1 (de) 1989-08-09

Family

ID=23950161

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83903719A Expired EP0140894B1 (de) 1983-05-02 1983-10-24 Einteilige demontierung von zylinderführung, kolben und pleuelstange
EP86105082A Expired EP0197563B1 (de) 1983-05-02 1983-10-24 Werkzeug für den Komplettausbau von Zylinderbüchsen, Kolben und Kolbenstangen

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83903719A Expired EP0140894B1 (de) 1983-05-02 1983-10-24 Einteilige demontierung von zylinderführung, kolben und pleuelstange

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0140894B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS60501199A (de)
DE (1) DE3373007D1 (de)
MY (2) MY101108A (de)
WO (1) WO1984004358A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4594760A (en) * 1985-03-18 1986-06-17 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Apparatus for and method of packaging and inserting an engine cylinder assembly into an engine block
DE3803890C1 (de) * 1988-02-09 1988-09-22 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine mit nassen Zylinderbuchsen
AT880U1 (de) * 1995-09-07 1996-07-25 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech Vorrichtung zur montage und demontage von kolben, pleuel und zylinderbüchse einer brennkraftmaschine
US10486274B2 (en) 2016-02-29 2019-11-26 The Boeing Company Tapered extraction device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB503261A (en) * 1936-12-22 1939-04-04 Werkspoor Nv Improvements in and relating to high speed internal combustion engines
US2435837A (en) * 1946-11-08 1948-02-10 Elis L Larson Cylinder liner
US2469651A (en) * 1945-11-15 1949-05-10 Baldwin Locomotive Works Opposed piston engine construction with removable cylinders
US3786551A (en) * 1972-04-10 1974-01-22 J Gregg Piston puller
US3945104A (en) * 1975-04-25 1976-03-23 Brookover Jr William S Diesel engine cylinder liner puller tool

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4514640Y1 (de) * 1966-04-09 1970-06-19

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB503261A (en) * 1936-12-22 1939-04-04 Werkspoor Nv Improvements in and relating to high speed internal combustion engines
US2469651A (en) * 1945-11-15 1949-05-10 Baldwin Locomotive Works Opposed piston engine construction with removable cylinders
US2435837A (en) * 1946-11-08 1948-02-10 Elis L Larson Cylinder liner
US3786551A (en) * 1972-04-10 1974-01-22 J Gregg Piston puller
US3945104A (en) * 1975-04-25 1976-03-23 Brookover Jr William S Diesel engine cylinder liner puller tool

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0140894B1 (de) 1987-08-12
WO1984004358A1 (en) 1984-11-08
DE3373007D1 (en) 1987-09-17
EP0140894A1 (de) 1985-05-15
EP0197563B1 (de) 1989-08-09
JPH0520234B2 (de) 1993-03-18
MY101108A (en) 1991-07-16
MY101662A (en) 1991-12-31
JPS60501199A (ja) 1985-08-01

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