EP0195360A2 - Atmospheric gas burner - Google Patents

Atmospheric gas burner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0195360A2
EP0195360A2 EP86103318A EP86103318A EP0195360A2 EP 0195360 A2 EP0195360 A2 EP 0195360A2 EP 86103318 A EP86103318 A EP 86103318A EP 86103318 A EP86103318 A EP 86103318A EP 0195360 A2 EP0195360 A2 EP 0195360A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner tube
burner
gas
tube
pocket
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Granted
Application number
EP86103318A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0195360B1 (en
EP0195360A3 (en
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Hans Dr. Viessmann
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT86103318T priority Critical patent/ATE53650T1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/10—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2203/00—Flame cooling methods otherwise than by staging or recirculation
    • F23C2203/20—Flame cooling methods otherwise than by staging or recirculation using heat absorbing device in flame

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an atmospheric gas burner according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • the invention is thus based on the object to the effect of improving an atmospheric gas burner of the type mentioned, are that the need optimum NOX reduction values and that the reduction should adapt also largely m matterssgeometrie regardless of the U, the NOX reduction ie virtually any boiler that is equipped with an atmospheric gas burner should be reproducible.
  • the pocket-like bodies are longitudinally assigned to the burner tube, which then correspond approximately to the length of the burner tube, but can also be arranged shorter in a row as sections, the bodies forming the reducing element are arranged with their bottoms equally spaced from the surface of the burner tube.
  • the pocket-like bodies are arranged at a distance from one another which corresponds to their width, i.e. the area above the burner tube which is actually spatially occupied by the bodies is only about half of the total area occupied by flames.
  • the burner openings in the burner tubes are arranged in groups which are equally spaced from one another, the pocket-like bodies are advantageously arranged above the opening-free regions of the burner tube.
  • the reducing element consists of a plurality of such individual bodies, these are expediently arranged together on at least one carrier which is furthermore arranged such that it can be adjusted in a variable distance with respect to the burner tube, which provides a further possibility for optimizing the NOX reduction, with which possibility the fact is taken into account that the gases used can have different compositions, which may require different distance settings of the reducing element to the burner tube.
  • such pocket-shaped bodies can also be arranged in the longitudinal direction, that is to say parallel to the longitudinal axis of the burner tube, with a corresponding length dimensioning, such bodies are then advantageously provided in their bottoms with air inflow openings in order to ensure the aforementioned chimney effect even with such relatively long bodies.
  • the atmospheric gas burner consists of at least one burner tube 2 with a plurality of gas outflow openings 1, the element which reduces the flame temperature and thus the NOx formation being arranged in the flame region above the burner tube 2.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 For the sake of simplicity, FIGS.
  • the reducing element is always formed from the same individual parts, which are basically perpendicular to one another at a distance from one another
  • lamellae 3 which delimit flame shafts 4 and which, as shown and oriented to the noema
  • the fins 3 are cut to follow the curvature of the burner tube 2.
  • two lamellae 3 are advantageously and preferably combined with side walls 7 to form a manhole pocket 8, these boxes 8 each above an opening group 6 (on the right in FIGS. 1, 2) or between two opening groups 6 (left in Fig. 1, 2) are arranged above the burner tube 2.
  • This training as a shaft box 8 has the advantage that the lamellae 3 experience stiffening and are therefore less subject to warping due to the action of heat.
  • the effort required to attach the fins 3 to the burner tube is considerably reduced in comparison to the attachment of individual fins 3.
  • side walls 3 serving as fastening and holding elements side walls 3 can optionally be perforated in the vicinity of the burner tube 2 and provided in the fastening area with elongated holes for which small stud bolts are dotted on the burner tube, so that the boxes 8 with respect to their lower edges 5 Burner tube 2 can be fixed at variable distances.
  • the boxes 8 themselves form the flame shafts 4, while when the boxes 8 are arranged between groups of openings (on the left in FIG. 1, 2) the flame shafts 4 are each delimited by two boxes 8 will. Regardless of whether the boxes 8 are now arranged directly above an opening group 6 or between two opening groups 6, the shafts 8 are arranged in correspondence of one another due to the arrangement of the boxes 8 between them. Even with group arrangement and training, As illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, the fins 3 could of course also be oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the burner tube, ie in rows one behind the other and side by side, with relatively short fins being preferred because of the risk of warping.
  • the reducing element is formed from a plurality of pocket-like bodies 9 arranged laterally and upwards distributed over the gas outflow openings 1 of the burner tube 2, the bottoms 10 of which advantageously merge into the lamellae and are arranged transversely to the burner tube 2 the shape of the curve of the burner tube 2 are also adapted.
  • Such bodies 9 can easily be drawn from a suitable metallic material with appropriate molding tools in one operation. Since, taking into account the usual lengths of burner tubes 2, at least about ten such bodies 9 must be assigned to each burner tube, the whole is formed into a uniformly attachable element, with the aid of two side supports 13, as can be seen in FIGS. 6, 7.
  • the carriers 13 are attached to the burner tube 2 in a suitable manner and as indicated in FIG. 7, for example, so that the bodies 9 with their bottoms 10 are arranged at a certain distance above the tube 2.
  • This attachment is preferably and advantageously also adjustable, so that the entire structure can be adjusted with the optimum distance from the burner tube 2.
  • the bodies 9 are expediently arranged at the same distance from one another on the burner tube 2 or on the supports 13. Since the gas outflow openings 1 are generally provided on such burner tubes 2, as can also be seen in FIGS. 4, 5 and as mentioned above, in groups 6, the pocket-like bodies 9 are advantageously above the opening-free areas of the burner tube 2 arranged since the flames standing above the gas outflow openings 1 are least disturbed. The flames burn unobstructed into the spaces between two bodies 9, which in turn, since they are open at the side (see flow arrow "in FIG. 7), are open to the lateral inflow of secondary air, which thereby cools the fins 3, so that they constantly withdraw heat from the hot flame area, thereby counteracting NOx formation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

An atmospheric gas burner assembly comprises a burner tube defining a multiplicity of gas outlet ports and an element reducing the flame temperature and, hence, the emission of oxides of nitrogen disposed above the burner tube in the flame area. To optimize the reduction of NOx emission without affecting permitted CO values and to render the values of reduction in NOx emissions largely independent of the geometry of the surrounding combustion chamber so as to obtain reproducible emission reduction values, the reducing element is constituted by a multiplicity of fins confining the flames in shafts extending therebetween, the fins extending perpendicularly above the tube and being distributed along the tube.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen atmosphärischen Gasbrenner gemäß Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruches.The invention relates to an atmospheric gas burner according to the preamble of the main claim.

Hinsichtlich der sogenannten NOX-Emission von Heizungsanlagen, die mit Öl- oder Gasbrennern betrieben werden, wird Bezug genommen auf "Gas-international", Band 30 (1981), Heft 1, Seiten 41, 42. Durch die allgemeinen Umweltbelastungsprobleme ist auch die Frage der sogenannten NOX-Emission im Heizungsanlagenbereich zur Diskussion gekommen mit dem Bestreben, die NOX-Emission soweit wie möglich zu reduzieren. Vorschläge hierzu bestehen darin, die Brennerrohre flammseitig mit einem feinmaschigen Metallgewebe abzuschirmen, um damit die Flamme zu kühlen und die vom die NOX-Bildung reduzierenden Element aufgenommene Wärme abzustrahlen. Für Ölbrenner wird dafür im genannten Aufsatz u.a. ein reduzierendes Element mit angeführt, das eine halbkugelartige, gelochte Schale darstellt. Insbesondere bei atmosphärischen Gasbrennern wurde festgestellt, daß durch derartige Einbauten bzw. Flammschirme zwar verhindert werden kann, daß der Sauerstoff aus der zugeführten Sekundärluft mit der hohen Flammtemperatur unmittelbar in Kontakt kommen kann,und daß es dadurch zu einer Reduzierung der NOX-Bildung kommt. Gleichzeitig ist dabei aber zu beobachten, daß, wenn das Element die Flamme in ungünstiger Weise stört, dann der Verbrennungsablauf nicht mehr vollständig ist und damit die CO-Bildung ansteigt, abgesehen davon, daß mit derartig einfachen Abschirmungen bezüglich der NOX-Reduzierung offenbar bei weitem nicht das maximal mögliche Maß erreichbar ist, vermutlich deshalb nicht, weil die Flammen zu wenig gekühlt werden. Soweit festgestellt werden konnte, hängt dies auch mit der Geometrie der das Brennerrohr umgebenden Brennkammerwandungen und auch mit der Geometrie der in den heißesten Flammbereichen eingebrachten, die NOX-Bildung reduzieren sollenden Elemente zusammen.With regard to the so-called NOX emission of heating systems which are operated with oil or gas burners, reference is made to "Gas-international", Volume 30 (1981), No. 1, pages 41, 42. The general environmental pollution problems also raise the question The so-called NOX emission in the heating system area came up for discussion with the aim of reducing the NOX emission as much as possible. Suggestions for this consist in shielding the burner tubes on the flame side with a fine-meshed metal fabric in order to cool the flame and to radiate the heat absorbed by the element that reduces NOx formation. For oil burners, the article mentioned includes a reducing element with a hemispherical, perforated shell. In particular in the case of atmospheric gas burners, it was found that such installations or flame shields can prevent the oxygen from the secondary air supplied from coming into direct contact with the high flame temperature, and that this leads to a reduction in the formation of NOx. At the same time, however, it can be observed that if the element interferes with the flame in an unfavorable manner, then the combustion process is no longer complete and thus the CO formation rises, apart from the fact that with such simple shields with regard to the NOx reduction apparently by far the maximum possible dimension cannot be reached, presumably not because the flames are cooled too little. As far as could be determined, this is also related to the geometry of the combustion chamber walls surrounding the burner tube and also to the geometry of the elements introduced in the hottest flame areas which are intended to reduce NOX formation.

Der Erfindung liegt demgemäß die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen atmosphärischen Gasbrenner der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, daß sich möglichst optimale NOX-Reduzierungswerte ergeben sollen und daß sich die Reduzierung auch weitgehend unabhängig von der Umgebungsgeometrie einstellen soll, d.h. die NOX-Reduzierung praktisch an jedem Heizkessel, der mit einem atmosphärischen Gasbrenner bestückt ist, reproduzierbar sein soll.The invention is thus based on the object to the effect of improving an atmospheric gas burner of the type mentioned, are that the need optimum NOX reduction values and that the reduction should adapt also largely mgebungsgeometrie regardless of the U, the NOX reduction ie virtually any boiler that is equipped with an atmospheric gas burner should be reproducible.

Diese Aufgabe ist mit einem atmosphärischen Gasbrenner der eingangs genannten Art durch die im Kennzeichen des Hauptanspruches angeführten Merkmale gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich nach den Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved with an atmospheric gas burner of the type mentioned by the features stated in the characterizing part of the main claim. Advantageous further developments result from the subclaims.

Mit diesem erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Brenner hat sich in überraschender Weise gezeigt, daß sich im Vergleich zu den eingangs erwähnten und vorbekannten Elementen eine wesentlich verbesserte NOX-Wertreduzierung ergab, die sich weitgehend unabhängig von der jeweiligen Umgebungsgeometrie der Brennkammer einstellt, ohne daß dabei ein Anstieg der CO-Bildung zu beobachten ist. Erklärbar ist dies im Grunde nur dadurch, daß der Verbrennungsablauf aufgrund der speziellen Formgebung des reduzierenden Elementes weitgehend ungestört bleibt, die Elemente in Form von Lamellen offenbar ausreichend große, wärmeabstrahlende Flächen aufweisen, die zudem, ebenfalls durch die spezielle Ausbildung eine ausreichende Kühlung erfahren, da Sekundärluftanteile zwischen die Lamellen einströmen können, da zwischen den Lamellen gewissermaßen eine Art Kamineffekt zustande kommt.With this burner designed according to the invention, it has surprisingly been found that, compared to the elements mentioned and known at the outset, there was a substantially improved reduction in NOx, which is largely independent of the respective surrounding geometry of the combustion chamber, without an increase in CO Education can be observed. This can basically only be explained by the fact that the combustion process remains largely undisturbed due to the special shape of the reducing element, the elements in the form of lamellae apparently have sufficiently large, heat-radiating surfaces, which are also adequately cooled due to the special design, since Secondary air can flow in between the fins, as a kind of chimney effect occurs between the fins.

Bei der Ausführungsform des Brenners nach Anspruch 7 werden die vorteilhaft abgerundet in die Lamellen der taschenartigen Körper übergehenden Böden bei Querzuordnung der taschenartigen Körper zum Brennerrohr in ihrem Formverlauf der Wölbung des Brennerrohres angepaßt ausgebildete IO daß die Böden der Körper an jeder stelle die gleicht Distanz zum Bran= nerrohr haben. Bei Längszuordnung der taschenartigen Körper zum Brennerrohr, die dann etwa der Länge des Brennerrohres entsprechen, aber auch kürzer als Teilstücke in Reihe hintereinander angeordnet werden können, werden die das reduzierende Element bildenden Körper mit ihren Böden gleichabständig zur Oberfläche des Brennerrohres angeordnet.In the embodiment of the burner according to claim 7, the advantageously rounded ends in the lamellae of the pocket-like bodies with transverse assignment of the pocket-like bodies to the burner tube are adapted in their shape to the curvature of the burner tube, so that the bottoms of the bodies at every point have the same distance to the branch = have nerrohr. When the pocket-like bodies are longitudinally assigned to the burner tube, which then correspond approximately to the length of the burner tube, but can also be arranged shorter in a row as sections, the bodies forming the reducing element are arranged with their bottoms equally spaced from the surface of the burner tube.

Ferner ist vorteilhaft vorgesehen, daß die taschenartigen Körper zueinander mit einem Abstand angeordnet sind, der ihrer Breite entspricht, d.h., die tatsächlich von den Körpern räumlich beanspruchte Fläche über dem Brennerrohr beträgt etwa nur die Hälfte der gesamten von Flammen besetzten Fläche.It is also advantageously provided that the pocket-like bodies are arranged at a distance from one another which corresponds to their width, i.e. the area above the burner tube which is actually spatially occupied by the bodies is only about half of the total area occupied by flames.

Da in der Regel die Brenneröffnungen in den Brennerrohren in zueinander gleichmäßig beabstandeten Gruppen angeordnet sind, werden die taschenartigen Körper vorteilhaft über den öffnungsfreien Bereichen des Brennerrohres angeordnet.Since, as a rule, the burner openings in the burner tubes are arranged in groups which are equally spaced from one another, the pocket-like bodies are advantageously arranged above the opening-free regions of the burner tube.

Da erfindungsgemäß das reduzierende Element aus einer Mehrzahl solcher Einzelkörper besteht, werden diese zweckmäßig gemeinsam an mindestens einem Träger angeordnet, der ferner in bezug auf das Brennerrohr abstandsveränderlich einstellbar angeordnet ist, wodurch eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Optimierung der NOX-Reduzierung gegeben ist, mit welcher Möglichkeit der Gegebenheit Rechnung getragen ist, daß die verwendeten Gase unterschiedliche Zusammensetzungen haben können, die ggf. unterschiedliche Distanzeinstellungen des reduzierenden Elementes zum Brennerrohr verlangt.Since, according to the invention, the reducing element consists of a plurality of such individual bodies, these are expediently arranged together on at least one carrier which is furthermore arranged such that it can be adjusted in a variable distance with respect to the burner tube, which provides a further possibility for optimizing the NOX reduction, with which possibility the fact is taken into account that the gases used can have different compositions, which may require different distance settings of the reducing element to the burner tube.

Da, wie erwähnt, derartige taschenförmige Körper bei entsprechender Längenbemessung auch in Längsrichtung, also parallel zur Längsachse des Brennerrohres angeordnet werden können, werden derartige Körper dann vorteilhaft in ihren Böden mit Lufteinströmöffnungen versehen, um auch bei derartigen, relativ langen Körpern den vorerwähnten Kamineffekt sicherzustellen.Since, as mentioned, such pocket-shaped bodies can also be arranged in the longitudinal direction, that is to say parallel to the longitudinal axis of the burner tube, with a corresponding length dimensioning, such bodies are then advantageously provided in their bottoms with air inflow openings in order to ensure the aforementioned chimney effect even with such relatively long bodies.

Der erfindungsgemäße atmosphärische Gasbrenner wird nachfolgend anhand der zeichnerischen Darstellung von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The atmospheric gas burner according to the invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of exemplary embodiments.

Es zeigt schematisch

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht eines Brennerrohres;
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht auf das Brennerrohr;
  • Fig. 3 eine Vorderansicht des Brennerrohres nach Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht des Brennerrohres mit zu taschenartigen Körpern ausgebildeten Lamellen;
  • Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf das Brennerrohr gemäß Fig. 4;
  • Fig. 6 eine Draufsicht auf das aus den einzelnen Körpern nach Fig. 4, 5 gebildete reduzierende Element;
  • Fig. 7 eine Ansicht des reduzierenden Elementes in Pfeilrichtung A gemäß Fig. 6 in Anordnung am Brennerrohr und
  • Fig. 8 eine Draufsicht auf das Brennerrohr in anderer Ausführungsform.
It shows schematically
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a burner tube.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the burner tube;
  • Fig. 3 is a front view of the burner tube of Fig. 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows a side view of the burner tube with fins designed to be pocket-like bodies; FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the burner tube according to FIG. 4;
  • 6 shows a plan view of the reducing element formed from the individual bodies according to FIGS. 4 and 5;
  • Fig. 7 is a view of the reducing element in the direction of arrow A of FIG. 6 in arrangement on the burner tube and
  • Fig. 8 is a plan view of the burner tube in another embodiment.

Wie aus den Fig. 1, 2 erkennbar, besteht der atmosphärische Gasbrenner aus mindestens einem Brennerrohr 2 mit einer Vielzahl von Gasausströmöffnungen 1, wobei über dem Brennerrohr 2 im Flammbereich das die Flammtemperatur und damit die NOX-Bildung reduzierende Element angeordnet ist. Der Einfachheit halber sind in den Fig. 1, 2 unterschiedliche Ausbildungs- und Anordnungsformen der das reduzierende Element bildenden Einzelteile dargestellt, d.h., in der tatsächlichen Ausführungsform ist das reduzierende Element immer aus den gleichen Einzelteilen gebildet, das grundsätzlich aus einer Mehrzahl in Abstand zueinander senkrecht über dem die Gasausströmöffnungen 1 enthaltenden Bereich des Brennerrohres Z verteilt angeordneten, Flammschächte 4 begrenzenden Lamellen 3 besteht, die, wie dargestellt und orientiert an der noema- lerweise gegebenen Anordnung der Gasausströmöffnungen l, bevorzugt quer zur Längsachse des Brennerrohres angeordnet werden. Diese einfachste Ausführungsform ist im mittleren Bereich des Brennerrohres in Fig. 1 verdeutlicht. Unter Verweis auf Fig. 3 sind die Lamellen 3 der Wölbung des Brennerrohres 2 folgend zugeschnitten sind. Soweit nicht andere Halterungen für die Lamellen 3 vorgesehen sind, sorgen kleine Füßchen 3' an den Lamellen für eine entsprechende Distanzhalterung. Wie ebenfalls aus den Fig. 1 bis 3 erkennbar, werden vorteilhaft und bevorzugt von den Lamellen 3 jeweils zwei mit Seitenwänden 7 zu einem Schachtköstchen 8 zusammengefaßt, wobei diese Kästchen 8 jeweils über einer Öffnungsgruppe 6 (rechts in Fig. 1, 2) oder zwischen zwei Öffnungsgruppen 6 (links in Fig. 1, 2) über dem Brennerrohr 2 angeordnet werden. Diese Ausbildung zu Schachtkästchen 8 hat den Vorteil, daß die Lamellen 3 eine Aussteifung erfahren und damit weniger Verwerfungen durch Wärmeeinwirkung unterworfen sind. Außerdem reduziert sich natürlich der Befestigungsaufwand der Lamellen 3 am Brennerrohr im Vergleich zur Anbringung von Einzellamellen 3 beträchtlich. Die gemäß Fig. 3 gleichzeitig als Befestigungs- und Halteelemente dienenden Seitenwände 3 können ggf. im Nahbereich des Brennerrohres 2 gelocht und im Befestigungsbereich mit Langlöchern versehen sein, für die am Brennerrohr kleine Stehbolzen aufgepunktet sind, so daß die Kästchen 8 bezüglich ihrer Unterkanten 5 zum Brennerrohr 2 abstandsvariabel fixiert werden können.As can be seen from FIGS. 1, 2, the atmospheric gas burner consists of at least one burner tube 2 with a plurality of gas outflow openings 1, the element which reduces the flame temperature and thus the NOx formation being arranged in the flame region above the burner tube 2. For the sake of simplicity, FIGS. 1, 2 show different forms of formation and arrangement of the individual parts forming the reducing element, ie, in the actual embodiment, the reducing element is always formed from the same individual parts, which are basically perpendicular to one another at a distance from one another Above the area of the burner tube Z containing the gas outflow openings 1, there are lamellae 3 which delimit flame shafts 4 and which, as shown and oriented to the noema Given given arrangement of the gas outflow openings 1, are preferably arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the burner tube. This simplest embodiment is illustrated in the middle area of the burner tube in FIG. 1. With reference to FIG. 3, the fins 3 are cut to follow the curvature of the burner tube 2. Unless other brackets are provided for the slats 3, small feet 3 'on the slats ensure a corresponding spacing. As can also be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3, two lamellae 3 are advantageously and preferably combined with side walls 7 to form a manhole pocket 8, these boxes 8 each above an opening group 6 (on the right in FIGS. 1, 2) or between two opening groups 6 (left in Fig. 1, 2) are arranged above the burner tube 2. This training as a shaft box 8 has the advantage that the lamellae 3 experience stiffening and are therefore less subject to warping due to the action of heat. In addition, of course, the effort required to attach the fins 3 to the burner tube is considerably reduced in comparison to the attachment of individual fins 3. 3 serving as fastening and holding elements side walls 3 can optionally be perforated in the vicinity of the burner tube 2 and provided in the fastening area with elongated holes for which small stud bolts are dotted on the burner tube, so that the boxes 8 with respect to their lower edges 5 Burner tube 2 can be fixed at variable distances.

Bei dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform bilden die Kästchen 8 (rechts in Fig. l, 2) selbst die Flammschächte 4, während bei einer Anordnung der Kästchen 8 zwischen Öffnungsgruppen (links. in Fig. 1, 2) die Flammschächte 4 jeweils von zwei Kästchen 8 begrenzt werden. Unabhängig davon, ob nun die Kästchen 8 direkt über einer Öffnungsgruppe 6 oder zwischen zwei Öffnungsgruppen 6 angeordnet sind, entstehen durch die Nobeneinanderanordnung der Kästchen 8 zwischen diesen entsprechende Schächte. Selbst bei einer Gruppenanordnung und Ausbildung, wie in den Fig. 1, 2 verdeutlicht, könnten die Lamellen 3 selbstverständlich auch parallel zur Brennerrohrlängsachse orientiert sein, d.h., in Reihen hinter- und nebeneinander, wobei wegen der Verwerfungsgefahr relativ kurze Lamellenstücke zu bevorzugen wären.In this preferred embodiment, the boxes 8 (on the right in FIG. 1, 2) themselves form the flame shafts 4, while when the boxes 8 are arranged between groups of openings (on the left in FIG. 1, 2) the flame shafts 4 are each delimited by two boxes 8 will. Regardless of whether the boxes 8 are now arranged directly above an opening group 6 or between two opening groups 6, the shafts 8 are arranged in correspondence of one another due to the arrangement of the boxes 8 between them. Even with group arrangement and training, As illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, the fins 3 could of course also be oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the burner tube, ie in rows one behind the other and side by side, with relatively short fins being preferred because of the risk of warping.

Bei den Ausführungsformen nach Fig. 4 bis 8 ist das reduzierende Element aus einer Mehrzahl zueinander über den Gasausströmöffnungen 1 des Brennerrohres 2 verteilt angeordneten, seitlich und nach oben taschenartigen Körpern 9 gebildet, deren vorteilhaft abgerundet in die Lamellen übergehende Böden lO bei Queranordnung zum Brennerrohr 2 in ihrem Formverlauf ebenfalls der Wölbung des Brennerrohres 2 angepaßt sind. Derartige Körper 9 lassen sich problemlos aus geeignetem metallischen Material mit entsprechenden Formwerkzeugen in einem Arbeitsgang ziehen. Da unter Berücksichtigung üblicher Längen von Brennerrohren 2 jedem Brennerrohr mindestens etwa zehn derartige Körper 9 zugeordnet werden müssen, wird das Ganze zu einem einheitlich anbringbaren Element ausgebildet, und zwar mit Hilfe zweier seitlicher Träger 13, wie aus Fig. 6, 7 erkennbar. Eine Einzelhalterung im Sinne der vorbeschriebenen Kästchen 8 der taschenartigen Körper 9 wäre jedoch ebenfalls möglich. Die Träger 13 werden in geeigneter Weise und wie in Fig. 7 bspw. angedeutet, am Brennerrohr 2 befestigt, so daß die Körper 9 mit ihren Böden 10 mit einem bestimmten Abstand über dem Rohr 2 angeordnet sind.In the embodiments according to FIGS. 4 to 8, the reducing element is formed from a plurality of pocket-like bodies 9 arranged laterally and upwards distributed over the gas outflow openings 1 of the burner tube 2, the bottoms 10 of which advantageously merge into the lamellae and are arranged transversely to the burner tube 2 the shape of the curve of the burner tube 2 are also adapted. Such bodies 9 can easily be drawn from a suitable metallic material with appropriate molding tools in one operation. Since, taking into account the usual lengths of burner tubes 2, at least about ten such bodies 9 must be assigned to each burner tube, the whole is formed into a uniformly attachable element, with the aid of two side supports 13, as can be seen in FIGS. 6, 7. An individual holder in the sense of the previously described boxes 8 of the pocket-like bodies 9 would, however, also be possible. The carriers 13 are attached to the burner tube 2 in a suitable manner and as indicated in FIG. 7, for example, so that the bodies 9 with their bottoms 10 are arranged at a certain distance above the tube 2.

Bevorzugt und vorteilhaft erfolgt auch diese Anbringung einstellbar, so daß das ganze Gebilde mit dem jeweils optimalen Abstand zum Brennerrohr 2 einstellbar ist. Zweckmäßig werden die Körper 9 gleichabständig zueinander am Brennerrohr 2 bzw. an den Trägern 13 angeordnet. Da die Gasausströmöffnungen 1 in der Regel an derartigen Brennerrohren 2, wie ebenfalls aus den Fig. 4, 5 ersichtlich und wie vorerwähnt, in Gruppen 6 vorgesehen sind, werden die taschenartigen Körper 9 vorteilhaft über den öffnungsfreien Bereichen des Brennerrohres 2 angeordnet, da hierbei die über den Gasausströmöffnungen 1 stehenden Flammen am wenigsten gestört werden. Die Flammen brennen also unbehindert in die Zwischenräume zwischen jeweils zwei Körper 9 hinein, die ihrerseits, da sie se-itlich offen sind (siehe Strömungspfeil" in Fig. 7), dem seitlichen Zustrom von Sekundärluft offenstehen, die dadurch die Lamellen 3 kühlt, so daß diese dem heißen Flammbereich ständig Wärme entziehen, wodurch einer NOX-Bildung entgegengewirkt wird.This attachment is preferably and advantageously also adjustable, so that the entire structure can be adjusted with the optimum distance from the burner tube 2. The bodies 9 are expediently arranged at the same distance from one another on the burner tube 2 or on the supports 13. Since the gas outflow openings 1 are generally provided on such burner tubes 2, as can also be seen in FIGS. 4, 5 and as mentioned above, in groups 6, the pocket-like bodies 9 are advantageously above the opening-free areas of the burner tube 2 arranged since the flames standing above the gas outflow openings 1 are least disturbed. The flames burn unobstructed into the spaces between two bodies 9, which in turn, since they are open at the side (see flow arrow "in FIG. 7), are open to the lateral inflow of secondary air, which thereby cools the fins 3, so that they constantly withdraw heat from the hot flame area, thereby counteracting NOx formation.

Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, die Körper 9 entsprechend lang zu bemessen und parallel zur Längserstreckung des Brennerrohres, wie in Fig. 8 angedeutet, anzuordnen. Abgesehen davon, daß man die Körper 9 bei einer derartigen Anord- nung auch in Form mehrerer kurzer Stücke in Reihe hintereinander in Längsrichtung anordnen könnte, was allerdings einen größeren Halterungsaufwand verlangt, werden bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 8 vorteilhaft in den Böden 10 der Körper 9 Lufteinströmöffnungen 11 bspw. in Form von Schlitzen vorgesehen, um auch bei dieser Ausführungsform zu dem kühlenden "Kamineffekt" innerhalb der Körper 9 zu gelangen. Durch entsprechende Formgebung der Halter 13 wird bei dieser Ausführungsform ebenfalls dafür gesorgt, daß die Böden 10 aller sich längs erstreckenden Körper 9 die gleiche Distanz zur Oberfläche des Brennerrohres 2 haben.Of course, it is also possible to dimension the bodies 9 accordingly long and to arrange them parallel to the longitudinal extension of the burner tube, as indicated in FIG. 8. Apart from the fact that the body 9 in such a Anord - voltage in the form of several short pieces in series one after the other could be arranged in the longitudinal direction, but this requires a larger mount effort, be advantageous in the embodiment of Figure 8 in the bottoms 10 of the body. 9 air inlet openings 11 are provided, for example, in the form of slots, in order to achieve the cooling "chimney effect" within the body 9 in this embodiment as well. Appropriate shaping of the holders 13 also ensures in this embodiment that the bottoms 10 of all the longitudinally extending bodies 9 are at the same distance from the surface of the burner tube 2.

In Rücksicht auf die beschriebenen und speziellen Ausführungsformen des NOX-reduzierenden Elementes steht im übrigen nichts entgegen, die Gasausströmöffnungen 1 am Brennerrohr 2 von vornherein bezüglich ihrer Gruppenanordnung an der Form und dem Verlauf der Lamellen 3 zu orientieren, die im übrigen auch in Form eines grob gerasterten Lamellengitters vorgesehen werden können, wobei zweckmäßig für lange Lamellen bspw. im Sinne der Fig. 8 sich nicht oder nur wenig verwerfendes Material (dünne Keramiklamellen) zu verwenden wären.In view of the described and special embodiments of the NOX-reducing element, there is nothing to prevent the gas outflow openings 1 on the burner tube 2 from the outset from being oriented in terms of their group arrangement to the shape and the course of the fins 3, which, moreover, also in the form of a rough one rastered lamellar grid can be provided, whereby for long lamellae, for example in the sense of FIG. 8, material that warps or only a little warping (thin ceramic lamellae) would expediently be used.

Claims (15)

1. Atmosphärischer Gasbrenner, bestehend aus mindestens einem Brennerrohr mit einer Vielzahl von Gasausströmöffnungen, wobei über dem Brennerrohr im Flammbereich ein die Flammtemperatur und damit die NOX-Bildung reduzierendes Element angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß das reduzierende Element aus einer Mehrzahl in Abstand zueinander senkrecht über dem die Gasausströmöffnungen (1) enthaltenden Bereiche des Brennerrohres (2) verteilt angeordneten, Flammschächte (4) begrenzenden Lamellen (3) gebildet ist.1. Atmospheric gas burner, consisting of at least one burner tube with a plurality of gas outflow openings, a flame temperature and thus the NOX formation-reducing element being arranged above the burner tube in the flame region, characterized in that the reducing element consists of a plurality perpendicular to one another at a distance Above the areas of the burner tube (2) which contain the gas outflow openings (1) and which are arranged in a distributed manner and delimit flames (4) delimiting slats (3). 2. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Lamellen (3) mit ihren Unterkanten (5) in Distanz zur Oberfläche des Brennerrohres (2) angeordnet sind.2. Gas burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the fins (3) with their lower edges (5) are arranged at a distance from the surface of the burner tube (2). 3. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Unterkanten (4) der Lamellen (3) der Wölbung des Brennerrohres (2) folgend zugeschnitten sind.3. Gas burner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lower edges (4) of the fins (3) of the curvature of the burner tube (2) are cut following. 4. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 mit einem Brennerrohr (2), dessen Gasausströmöffnungen (1) in Gruppen (6) angeordnet sind, dadurch ge-kennzeichnet , daß die von den Lamellen (3) begrenzten Flammschächte (4) über den Gruppen (6) der Gasausströmöffnungen (1) angeordnet sind.4. Gas burner according to one of claims 1 to 3 with a burner tube (2) whose gas outflow openings (1) are arranged in groups (6), thereby indicates that the flame shafts (4) delimited by the lamellae (3) are arranged above the groups (6) of the gas outflow openings (1). 5. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß von den Lamellen (3) jeweils zwei mit Seitenwänden (7) zu einem Schachtkästchen (8) ausgebildet und die Kästchen (8) jeweils über einer Öffnungsgruppe (6) oder zwischen zwei Öffnungsgruppen (6) über dem Brennerrohr (2) angeordnet sind.5. Gas burner according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that of the fins (3) two each with side walls (7) to form a shaft box (8) and the boxes (8) each above an opening group (6) or between two opening groups (6) are arranged above the burner tube (2). 6. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche l bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lamellen (3) in bezug auf das Brennerrohr (2) abstandsveränderlich ausgebildet sind.6. Gas burner according to one of claims l to 5, characterized in that the fins (3) with respect to the burner tube (2) are formed variable in distance. 7. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeweils zwei Lamellen (3) zu einem seitlich und nach oben offenen taschenartigen Körper (9) ausgebildet sind.7. Gas burner according to claim 1, characterized in that in each case two fins (3) are formed to form a pocket-like body (9) which is open at the side and upwards. 8. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 7,dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Böden (10) der taschenartigen Körper (9) bei Querzuordnung zum Brennerrohr (2) in ihrem Formverlauf der Wölbung des Brennerrohres (2) angepaßt ausgebildet sind.8. Gas burner according to claim 7, characterized in that the bottoms (10) of the pocket-like body (9) are adapted in the shape of the curvature of the burner tube (2) in transverse assignment to the burner tube (2). 9. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die taschenartigen Körper (9) bei Längszuordnung zum Brennerrohr (2) mit ihren Böden (10) gleichabständig zur Oberfläche des Brennerrohres (2) angeordnet sind (Fig. 8).9. Gas burner according to claim 7, characterized in that the pocket-like body (9) with longitudinal assignment to the burner tube (2) with their bottoms (10) are arranged at the same distance from the surface of the burner tube (2) (Fig. 8). 10. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die taschenartigen Körper (9) in ihren Böden (10) mit Lufteinströmöffnungen (11) versehen sind.10. Gas burner according to claim 9, characterized in that the pocket-like body (9) are provided in their bottoms (10) with air inlet openings (11). 11. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die taschenartigen Körper (9) zueinander mit einem Abstand angeordnet sind, der ihrer Breite entspricht.11. Gas burner according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the pocket-like bodies (9) are arranged at a distance from one another which corresponds to their width. 12. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, mit einem Brennerrohr (2), an dem die Gasausströmöffnungen (1) in Gruppen (6) angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die taschenartigen Körper (9) über den öffnungsfreien Bereichen (12) des Brenner- .rohres (2) angeordnet sind.12. Gas burner according to one of claims 7 to 11, with a burner tube (2) on which the gas outflow openings (1) are arranged in groups (6), characterized in that the pocket-like body (9) over the opening-free areas (12) the burner pipe. (2) are arranged. 13. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die taschenartigen Körper (9) gemeinsam an mindestens einem Träger (13) angeordnet sind.13. Gas burner according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the pocket-like body (9) are arranged together on at least one carrier (13). 14. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die taschenartigen Körper (9) mit ihrem Träger (13) in bezug auf das Brennerrohr (2) abstandsveränderlich einstellbar angeordnet sind.14. Gas burner according to claim 13, characterized in that the pocket-like body (9) with its carrier (13) with respect to the burner tube (2) are arranged adjustable in distance. 15. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Höhe der Lamellen (3) maximal dem halben Durchmesser des Brennerrohres (2) entspricht.15. Gas burner according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the height of the fins (3) corresponds to a maximum of half the diameter of the burner tube (2).
EP86103318A 1985-03-16 1986-03-12 Atmospheric gas burner Expired - Lifetime EP0195360B1 (en)

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US4652236A (en) 1987-03-24
EP0195360B1 (en) 1990-06-13
EP0195360A3 (en) 1987-04-22
DE3509521A1 (en) 1986-09-25
DE3509521C2 (en) 1987-07-09
CA1261246A (en) 1989-09-26
ATE53650T1 (en) 1990-06-15

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