EP0195177A2 - Dispositif pour le chauffage inductif de sièges de soupape ainsi que son procédé d'utilisation - Google Patents

Dispositif pour le chauffage inductif de sièges de soupape ainsi que son procédé d'utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0195177A2
EP0195177A2 EP86100216A EP86100216A EP0195177A2 EP 0195177 A2 EP0195177 A2 EP 0195177A2 EP 86100216 A EP86100216 A EP 86100216A EP 86100216 A EP86100216 A EP 86100216A EP 0195177 A2 EP0195177 A2 EP 0195177A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inductor
valve seat
conical
support
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86100216A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Vernon Vickers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tocco Inc
Original Assignee
Tocco Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tocco Inc filed Critical Tocco Inc
Publication of EP0195177A2 publication Critical patent/EP0195177A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/22—Valve-seats not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group; Fixing of valve-seats
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/101—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications for local heating of metal pieces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the heat treatment of valve seats and in particular to a valve seat inductor and a method for using the same when inductively heating the valve seats of a machine part, such as, in particular, an engine head or the like.
  • the invention is preferably intended for the inductive heating of the valve seats on the exhaust valves or of valve seat inserts in internal combustion engines and is explained in more detail below in this context, although it has wider application and can be used in other applications where precise positioning of the inductor is required is to achieve a uniform heating of the treatment area regardless of manufacturing tolerances in the position of the treatment area and also regardless of alignment errors in the positioning of the inductor relative to the treatment area.
  • the conical valve seats on the engine or cylinder heads of the internal combustion engine are usually induction hardened in order to improve the wear properties of the valve seat surfaces interacting with the poppet valves.
  • the induction heating process has largely prevailed.
  • the inductor must be exactly aligned with the valve seat before the high-frequency current is applied to it in order to heat the valve seat surface to the desired treatment temperature. After the heating process, the valve seat is then rapidly cooled or quenched. In order to achieve an even hardening result, various parameters must be observed.
  • the inductor must be designed to be complementary to the valve seat surface and be positioned exactly in relation to it in order to obtain a uniform inductive air or coupling gap and thus a uniform magnetic coupling between the valve seat and inductor, which is a prerequisite for a uniform heating result. These conditions must be guaranteed in mass production, as they are in the economical production of motor vehicle engines. The high level of working accuracy is difficult to achieve if care is not taken to ensure that the inductor positioning device responds to the manufacturing-related positional deviations of the valve seat in the radial and axial directions, and when the workpieces pass through the heating station in assembly line operation, the fluctuations in the spatial position of the valve seat compared to Adapt heating device and thus can compensate for these factors.
  • the induction device Since the induction device is generally fixed in relation to the production line, its operation is mechanically enforced by the device.
  • the individual motor parts are each mounted on a suitable holding device which is carried by the conveyor of the production line.
  • unavoidable changes in the position between the holding device and the workpiece, between the holding device and the conveying device, and different spatial orientations between the individual workpieces and the inductive heating device can add up to considerable angular deviations.
  • a heating device is known from US Patent Re 29 046, in which individual inductor devices are arranged so as to float in the radial direction so that they can align in the radial direction during the axial mechanical feed movement in the direction of the valve seat region.
  • This radial alignment movement is achieved in that the inductor devices are provided with centering lugs which slide into the valve stem bores, which are arranged exactly coaxially with the valve seats. Since the inductor is in the radial plane, i.e. is mounted freely movable transversely to its axis, it is inevitably mechanically positioned when it approaches the valve seat.
  • the known induction heating device is not suitable for compensating for errors resulting from the non-parallelism between the axis of the inductor device and the axis of the valve seat within the heating surrender station.
  • efforts have been made to eliminate these angular errors by carefully checking the manufacturing process, this has so far not been satisfactory.
  • the angular errors can be compensated for in part by deflection or by the internal play present in the device; however, this leads to additional stress on the parts in question and can lead to premature failure of the parts.
  • the angular errors are largely compensated for by the movement of the centering lug in the valve stem bore.
  • the centering nose penetrates the valve stem bore only over a relatively short length, generally with a length of 12.7 mm to 15.8 mm.
  • any tolerated angular position necessarily means a certain non-uniformity of the coupling gap when the inductor is returned from the surface contact with the valve seat to the heating partition.
  • the arrangement should be made in a simple, reliable and economical manner so that the desired concentricity between the inductor and valve seat is mechanically forced regardless of angular deviations between the inductor and the conveyor-bound workpiece.
  • the invention is accordingly directed to a device for inductively heating the conical valve seat surface of a valve opening or a machine part with a valve stem bore arranged axially to the valve seat surface, which has an inductor which has a conical surface complementary to the conical valve seat surface, furthermore with a support, support frame or the like .
  • the axis of the inductor surface being essentially parallel to the valve seat axis, further with a bearing device acting between the inductor and the support or the like, which allows radial movement of the inductor to align the conical surfaces, and finally is provided with an elongated centering lug, the central surface of which is arranged coaxially to the conical valve seat surface or the like during the adjusting movement of the support. with a tight sliding fit in the bore of the valve opening and while doing so aligns the axes mentioned in the bearing device.
  • the invention is characterized in that the bearing device for the axial alignment of the conical surfaces also permits angular movements of the inductor and that a non-magnetic spacer is fixedly arranged on the said conical surface of the inductor, the outer reference surface of which lies at a predetermined distance from the inductor conical surface and thereby the correct concentricity and the written axial distance between the conical surfaces of the valve seat and the inductor.
  • the spacer mentioned is preferably made of ceramic material; it is expediently formed in several parts, wherein it is formed by several spacers.
  • the arrangement is preferably such that the spacers of the spacer consist of conical segments which are arranged at uniform distances from one another over the circumference of the conical valve seat surface.
  • the inductor coil and the valve seat are brought into mutual concentricity and in the desired axial distance from one another by mechanical interaction, the alignment without lateral deflection between the inductor coil and the holding and shifting devices for the support mounted on the support Inductor is effected.
  • the inductor is floatingly supported in the radial plane transverse to the device axis, so that it can adapt to radial deviations in the manner mentioned above.
  • the inductor is also floating so that it can pivot on all sides at the same time as the radial movement. This means that the inductor can automatically align itself with the valve seat axis without stress occurring on the inductor support device.
  • the centering lug has a greater length and at the same time less movement in the valve stem bore.
  • the greater length of the centering lug and its smaller play in the valve opening lead to improved mechanical centering of the inductor in the different spatial positions of the components.
  • the axial gap between the surfaces is centered by the non-magnetic distance or spacers mechanically specified, which are supported by the inductor surface in question and have a thickness that corresponds to the predetermined inductive air or coupling gap.
  • the spacers are in such an orientation and arrangement that they align the inductor without causing excessive stresses on it or on the valve seat surface.
  • the invention further comprises an inductor for an induction heating device which is provided for adjusting the axial coupling gap with a non-magnetic, heat-resistant spacer, preferably in the form of a plurality of fixed spacers distributed over the circumferential surface of the inductor.
  • a non-magnetic, heat-resistant spacer preferably in the form of a plurality of fixed spacers distributed over the circumferential surface of the inductor.
  • the invention is also directed to a method for positioning a conical inductor in relation to the conical valve seat to be heated. This method is specified in claim 9.
  • FIG. 1 shows in FIG. 1 an induction heating device 10 for inductively heating two adjacent conical valve seats 12, which are arranged in outlet ducts 16 of an engine head 20.
  • the outlet channels have valve stem bores 21 which are arranged coaxially with the valve seats 12 and in which the conventional poppet valves (not shown) lead with their valve stem along the axis 22.
  • a group of such valve seats 12 is heated at the same time.
  • the induction heating device shown preferably corresponds to the device according to US Patent Re 29 046 (DE-A 21 57 060), the disclosure content of which is made the content of the present patent application.
  • the induction heating device 10 which is only shown schematically, is arranged in a stationary manner on a production line, the conveyor belt or conveyor belt 23 of which supports the individual motor heads 20 on holding or clamping devices (not shown). With the aid of the conveyor belt 23, the motor heads to be processed are accordingly in chronological succession in the escape position to the induction heating device 10 transported in which they are held with the aid of the holding devices in a predetermined orientation. Due to a relatively strict production control, the holding devices are conveyed through the heating station in such a way that they align the motor heads as precisely as possible with respect to the controlled movement of the induction heating device 10. In practice, however, there are deviations in the position of the motor heads in the holding devices during operation of the production line, which together with other overlapping influencing factors lead to complex angular positions in the direction of the device axis 24 and the valve stem axis 22.
  • the induction heating device 10 has a support frame or support 26 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, carries the two inductor devices 28 of the same design. Support 26 or the like. is guided along the axis 24 with the aid of side guides 30, 32. The movement of the support 26 in the direction of the motor head 20 and in the opposite direction is effected with the aid of an actuating mechanism which has a drive rod 34 connected to the support 26, which has a toothed rack at its outer end with which a toothed wheel 38 is in engagement. The gear 38 is driven by a motor 40 which is actuated by means of a control system 42.
  • the control system 42 is sequenced in coordination with the conveyor 23 of the production line so that it turns the support 26 and the inductor devices 28 against the motor head 20 when the latter is properly positioned in the induction heater 10 to perform the heating cycle after its completion the support 26 with the inductor device 28 is moved back by the controlled motor 40 relative to the motor head 20.
  • Each I nduktorvorettinumplatz 28 has an inductor head 44, the front side carries an inductor 45 and is connected to the rear end, a guide sleeve 56, which in both directions slidably leads in a bore of the support 26th
  • a coil spring 48 is arranged under tension between the support 26 and the inductor head 44 concentrically to the sleeve 46, so that it strives to press the inductor head 44 into its extended position.
  • the position of the individual sleeves 46 and thus the inductor heads 44 with respect to the common support 26 can be determined with the aid of locking devices 50. As shown in FIG.
  • the locking devices 50 each have a pneumatic or hydraulic locking drive 52 mounted on the support 26, the piston or output rod 54 of which includes a bore in the support and bores on the flange ends of a clamping ring 56 which is located inside the support 26 encloses the associated sleeve 46 in its central region.
  • the output rod 54 carries a clamping collar 58 as a stop, which can lie against one end flange of the clamping ring 56.
  • the collar 58 In the shown extended state of the bolt drive 52, which is actuated with the aid of a control system via pressure medium lines, the collar 58 is at a distance from the relevant flange of the clamping ring 56, so that there is a sufficiently large clearance in the diameter direction between the sleeve 46 and the inner surface of the clamping ring 56 is present, which allows a free back and forth movement of the sleeve 46 relative to the support 26 against the restoring force of the spring 48 and in the direction of this restoring force.
  • the collar 58 In the retracted state of the bolt drive 52, the collar 58 lies against the relevant flange of the clamping ring 56, whereby this is reduced in diameter, so that it clamps the sleeve 46 and fixes it against movement relative to the support 26.
  • the operation of the locking devices 50 is controlled in its operating sequence, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • the inductor head 44 has a housing 60 which is fixedly connected to the inner end of the sleeve 46 and on which an inductor carrier 62 is mounted such that it is in a radial plane transverse to the axis 63 the sleeve 46, further parallel to the device axis 24 and finally can also move at an angle to it freely.
  • this mounting of the inductor carrier 62 relative to the housing 60 is achieved with the aid of a bearing device designed as an air bearing.
  • the inductor carrier 62 has an annular flange 64 which lies in a cylindrical chamber 66 in the housing 60 which is open at the end.
  • Manifold rings 28 are seated in channels of the housing on chamber 66. They have axial outlet channels 69 which are connected to a peripheral chamber 70 which in turn are connected via channels 72 to air lines 74 which are connected to a compressed air supply 78 via a control valve 76 .
  • the air bearing is designed in a known manner so that the flange 64 of the inductor carrier 62 is carried in it by the pressure medium, in such a way that a guided movement in a plane transverse to the sleeve axis 63 is possible.
  • the play between the flange 64 and the distributor rings 68 is so large in the present case that the flange 66 within the chamber 66 and with the flange of the inductor carrier 62 can carry out angular movements with respect to the axis 63 to such an extent that one full seat support of the inductor device is ensured, this in superimposition with the required radial movement, without any appreciable immediate stress occurring between the inductor carrier aligned with the motor head and the housing of the inductor carrier aligned with the induction heating device. It can be seen that this type of mounting of the inductor support can also be achieved with the aid of other storage devices.
  • Dre radially floating bearing according to the above-mentioned US-A 29 046 can be used in order to achieve the free radial movement - k P lt of the inductor support relative to the housing.
  • the necessary angular adjustment of the inductor support with respect to the housing can be achieved by increasing the play in the guide bearing to such an extent that an articulated connection between the inductor support and the radially movable flange is achieved, with a resilient mounting of the inductor support relative to the radially floating component or other devices are provided which allow angular deflection and at the same time radial rectilinear mobility.
  • the inductor support 32 supports the inductor 45, which in a conventional manner consists of a rectangular copper tube, which is seated in a circumferential channel which is arranged on the conical front part of the inductor support, as is also shown in FIG. 5 in particular.
  • the inductor 45 has rearwardly running lines 80 which are held in axial slots of the inductor support 62 and which are connected at their rear ends to a current source 82 which is of a conventional type, as disclosed in US-A 29 046 can. 5, the inductor 45 has a conical outer surface 84 which is complementary to the cone angle of the valve seat 12, that is to say arranged at the same cone angle as this.
  • the surface 84 has an average diameter which corresponds essentially to the average diameter of the valve seat 12, the surface 84 extending in the radial direction over the entire width of the valve seat or beyond when the inductor is in its working position relative to the valve seat.
  • the inductor carrier 62 has an axial, cylindrical centering lug 86 with a rounded tip 88.
  • the axis 90 of the centering lug 86 coincides with the axis of the conical inductor surface 84. With the help of the air bearing, the axis 90 of the centering lug 86 is normally held parallel to the axis 63 of the sleeve 46 and to the device axis 24.
  • a plurality of non-magnetic ceramic spacers 90 are fixedly arranged on the conical outer surface 84 of the inductor 45, the spacers 90 being distributed over the circumference, as shown in FIG. 4. 5, the spacers 90 have a thickness t which corresponds to the size of the magnetic coupling gap which is required to achieve an optimal magnetic coupling between the valve seat 12 and the inductor 45.
  • the outer surfaces 92 of the small spacers 90 are precisely machined so that they lie on a conical ring surface which is arranged parallel to the surface 84 and complementary to the valve seat surface.
  • the spacers 90 have a sufficiently large contact surface with the valve seat 12 so that they distribute any inductor loading forces to such an extent that they cannot lead to any deformations on the valve seat surface.
  • the spatial arrangement of the spacers 90 and their number is chosen so that there is at least one three-point system on the valve seat, as a result of which reliable positioning can be achieved. If desired, a larger number of spacers can also be used.
  • the spacers can also be designed in the form of a continuous ring or in the form of arc segments, since they behave passively during their manufacture from ceramic material during the inductive heating process.
  • the centering lug 86 has a cylindrical body 96 of considerable length, which is of the order of 25.4 mm or more.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical bolt section 96 of the centering lug 86 is selected such that a tight sliding fit of the centering lug occurs in the valve stem bore 21 of the engine duct 14.
  • the valve stem bore 21 is arranged exactly concentric to the valve seat 12, regardless of whether the valve seat 12 is molded directly onto the engine head or is used as an insert, which is subsequently attached to the engine head in a conventional manner.
  • the relatively large length of the centering lug 86 and its small play in the valve stem bore 21 ensure that the inductor carrier 62 and accordingly the inductor 45 together with the spacers 90 do not adjust at an angle to the valve seat surface, but instead have so much freedom of movement in the bearing device that they are free Place thin disks or pillows of existing spacers firmly against the valve seat surface and lie coaxially to it.
  • FIG. 1 it is assumed that the motor part 20 is oriented in relation to the production line 23 in such a way that its valve shaft axis 22 is at an angle to the device axis 24. This means that there is an angle between the movement axis specified by the induction heating device 10 and the valve seat axis specified by the production line 23.
  • the control system 42 actuates the motor 40, so that the support 26 is moved in the direction of the motor head 20, that is to say in the feed direction, via the driven gear 38 and the toothed rack 36.
  • the inductor devices 28 are set together against the valve seats 12.
  • the bearing device formed by the air bearing permits radial displacement of the inductor carrier 62 in the plane running transversely to the device axis 24.
  • the centering lug 86 penetrates further into the bore 21 while the feed movement is being followed, any possible angular position becomes apparent through the air bearing undone, the inductor 45 being brought into alignment with the axis 22.
  • the setting of the inductor in the concentric position to the valve seat takes place with the penetration of the centering lug 86 into the bore 21 and is complete when the centering lug 86 is fully in the bore 21 and the spacers 90 are in physical contact with the associated valve seat 12 stand.
  • valve seat surface 12 relative to that of the other valve seats can easily vary, since the support 26 formed by the support frame is moved in the feed direction until the surface contact of the spacers is established on all valve seats.
  • the spring-elastic mounting of the inductor heads 40 using the springs 48 supported against the support 26 makes it possible to bring all the inductors 45 with their spacers into abutment against the valve seats 12 without excessively large contact forces occurring on the valve seat surfaces. If all spacers 90 are located on the valve seats 12, the locking devices 50 can be actuated, as a result of which the sleeves 46 are locked in relation to the support 26.
  • the spacers 90 in addition to the concentric alignment, effect an optimal coupling between the inductor 45 and the valve seat 12.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)
EP86100216A 1985-03-18 1986-01-09 Dispositif pour le chauffage inductif de sièges de soupape ainsi que son procédé d'utilisation Withdrawn EP0195177A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US712744 1976-08-09
US71274485A 1985-03-18 1985-03-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0195177A2 true EP0195177A2 (fr) 1986-09-24

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86100216A Withdrawn EP0195177A2 (fr) 1985-03-18 1986-01-09 Dispositif pour le chauffage inductif de sièges de soupape ainsi que son procédé d'utilisation

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EP (1) EP0195177A2 (fr)
ES (1) ES8705046A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0736670A2 (fr) * 1995-04-04 1996-10-09 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Moteur à combustion interne multisoupape
EP0740055A2 (fr) * 1995-04-26 1996-10-30 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Méthode de fixations d'un siège de soupape
EP0773350A1 (fr) * 1995-09-14 1997-05-14 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de fabrication d'une culasse pour un moteur à combustion interne
EP0773351A1 (fr) * 1995-09-14 1997-05-14 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de fabrication d'une culasse avec des composants formant siège-soupape
US5761806A (en) * 1995-04-26 1998-06-09 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of bonding valve seat
US5778531A (en) * 1995-09-14 1998-07-14 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of manufacturing cylinder head for engine
DE102009022878A1 (de) * 2009-05-27 2011-02-10 Kamm, Manfred Mittels der Anwendung von Induktionserwärmung Entfernung von Ventilsitzring aus Zylinderkopf
DE102020213459A1 (de) 2020-10-26 2022-04-28 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Ausrichthilfe sowie Anordnung der Ausrichthilfe in einer Werkzeugmaschine

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0736670A3 (fr) * 1995-04-04 1997-07-23 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Moteur à combustion interne multisoupape
US5809968A (en) * 1995-04-04 1998-09-22 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Cylinder head and flow passage therefor
EP0736670A2 (fr) * 1995-04-04 1996-10-09 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Moteur à combustion interne multisoupape
US5761806A (en) * 1995-04-26 1998-06-09 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of bonding valve seat
EP0740055A3 (fr) * 1995-04-26 1996-11-27 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
EP0740055A2 (fr) * 1995-04-26 1996-10-30 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Méthode de fixations d'un siège de soupape
EP0773351A1 (fr) * 1995-09-14 1997-05-14 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de fabrication d'une culasse avec des composants formant siège-soupape
EP0773350A1 (fr) * 1995-09-14 1997-05-14 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de fabrication d'une culasse pour un moteur à combustion interne
US5768779A (en) * 1995-09-14 1998-06-23 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of manufacturing cylinder head for engine
US5778531A (en) * 1995-09-14 1998-07-14 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Method of manufacturing cylinder head for engine
DE102009022878A1 (de) * 2009-05-27 2011-02-10 Kamm, Manfred Mittels der Anwendung von Induktionserwärmung Entfernung von Ventilsitzring aus Zylinderkopf
DE102009022878B4 (de) * 2009-05-27 2012-07-05 Manfred Kamm Mittels der Anwendung von Induktionserwärmung Entfernung von Ventilsitzring aus Zylinderkopf
DE102020213459A1 (de) 2020-10-26 2022-04-28 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Ausrichthilfe sowie Anordnung der Ausrichthilfe in einer Werkzeugmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES550877A0 (es) 1987-05-01
ES8705046A1 (es) 1987-05-01

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