EP0193456B1 - Torche de soudage ou de coupage à plasma munie d'une cartouche tuyère - Google Patents

Torche de soudage ou de coupage à plasma munie d'une cartouche tuyère Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0193456B1
EP0193456B1 EP86400342A EP86400342A EP0193456B1 EP 0193456 B1 EP0193456 B1 EP 0193456B1 EP 86400342 A EP86400342 A EP 86400342A EP 86400342 A EP86400342 A EP 86400342A EP 0193456 B1 EP0193456 B1 EP 0193456B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
electrode
skirt
torch
plasma
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86400342A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0193456A1 (fr
Inventor
Gérard Marhic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Lincoln Electric Company France SA
Original Assignee
La Soudure Autogene Francaise
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by La Soudure Autogene Francaise, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical La Soudure Autogene Francaise
Priority to AT86400342T priority Critical patent/ATE35605T1/de
Publication of EP0193456A1 publication Critical patent/EP0193456A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0193456B1 publication Critical patent/EP0193456B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3436—Hollow cathodes with internal coolant flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3442—Cathodes with inserted tip

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plasma welding or cutting torch, comprising a torch body the interior of which is connected to a source of plasma gas, an electrode housed inside this body and electrically connected to a conductor. power supply, and a plasma outlet nozzle mounted opposite and at a distance from the electrode, and pierced with an orifice for the plasma outlet.
  • EP-A-0144 267 a method of igniting a plasma torch by short circuit between the electrode and the nozzle.
  • the nozzle is mounted to slide freely in the torch body so as to come into contact with the electrode when the torch is applied against a workpiece to be welded or cut.
  • an arc ignites between the electrode and the nozzle, allowing to initiate the plasma gas and maintain an electric arc which is transferred to the part to be cut.
  • EP-A-0 157 702 describes a plasma welding or cutting torch comprising a structure particularly well suited to the implementation of the method described in the above application referenced in the name of the applicant.
  • This torch essentially comprises a torch body, the interior of which is connected to a source of plasma gas, an electrode housed inside this body and electrically connected to an electrical supply conductor, and a mounted plasma outlet nozzle. opposite and at a distance from the electrode, and pierced with an orifice for the exit of the plasma. It further comprises a removable annular skirt, secured to the torch body, and having at least one seat for the nozzle which is mounted to slide freely in the skirt and applied to its seat only under the effect of an elastic force. According to a preferred embodiment, the elastic force which applies the nozzle to its seat is the pressure of the plasma gas.
  • the nozzle having to be introduced through the internal orifice of the skirt whose external diameter is that of the internal diameter of the torch body, this led to a nozzle of small dimensions, and consequently, to a reduced electrode diameter , since it must partially penetrate inside the nozzle. Under these conditions, it has been found that for certain applications, it was difficult to ensure effective cooling of the parts such as the electrode and the nozzle, having such limited dimensions.
  • the torch according to the invention solves the problem thus posed.
  • the object of the invention is the production of a non-removable cartridge consisting of at least the skirt and the nozzle, adaptable to the body of the torch.
  • the torch comprises an annular skirt secured to the torch body and comprising on the one hand, at least one seat and on the other hand a rear stop for the nozzle which is mounted to slide freely in the skirt, between the seat and the rear stop, and applied to its seat only under the effect of an elastic force.
  • the skirt of electrically insulating material is integral in its part facing the torch body, with a first conductive sleeve screwed into a conductive element of the torch body, the lower part of which faces the nozzle constitutes the stop back of it.
  • the torch is characterized in that the first conductive sleeve has on its inner face a shoulder constituting the seat for positioning the electrode.
  • the skirt in its part facing the nozzle will be integral with a second metal sleeve disposed inside said skirt and in which the nozzle is slidably mounted, the upper part of said second sleeve constituting the nozzle seat.
  • the electrode will be removable. This makes it possible to monitor the evolution of the wear of the electrode and of thus independently replace the electrode and the cartridge containing the nozzle.
  • the electrode will be made integral with the skirt, the nozzle skirt and electrode assembly thus forming a non-removable cartridge.
  • the cartridge according to the invention makes it possible on the one hand to avoid assembly errors (it is no longer possible to forget the nozzle which is always integral with the skirt) and on the other hand for a identical diameter of the torch body, the electrode and the nozzle have substantially larger dimensions than in the case described in EP-A-0 157 702, where the electrode and nozzle are removable.
  • FIG. 1 a sectional view of a torch according to the invention. It essentially consists of a torch body 1 and a cartridge 60.
  • the torch body 1 comprises a central bell-shaped part 5 and a tubular lateral extension 6 terminated by a connector 7, the central part 5 in the form bell and the tubular lateral extension 6 being of electrically insulating material.
  • the lateral tubular extension 6 torch body 1 is crossed by a conduit in which is housed a tube 11 of electrically conductive material.
  • This tube opens at its outer end into the insulating sheath 8 and it is extended longitudinally at this point inside the sheath 8, by a part of its periphery constituting a tab 12 folded transversely on itself and ensuring the maintenance by crimping the end of an electrical supply conductor 13 housed in the pipe 8.
  • the bell-shaped part 5 of the torch body 1 has a central cavity 14 closed at its upper part and opening downwards.
  • a metal cap 15 with a cylindrical side wall 15a in which is drilled a hole which is engaged the internal end of a conductive tube 11 passing through the lateral extension 6.
  • This conductive tube 11 is advantageously fixed to the metal cap 15 by welding.
  • the cylindrical side wall 15a of the metal sleeve 15 has a thread 15b on its lower end portion extending below the hole where the end of the conductive tube 11 is fixed.
  • the removable cartridge 60 essentially consists of three elements, the electrode 2, the nozzle 3 and the skirt 4.
  • the latter comprises a casing 16 of insulating material of annular shape, for example frustoconical, with taper directed downwards.
  • the casing 16 is overmolded on a lower metal sleeve 18 nozzle holder and on an upper metal sleeve 17 electrode holder, this sleeve 17 forming a single piece with the electrode 2.
  • This cylindrical sleeve 18 plays the role of the seat on which the nozzle 3 comes to bear in 18b.
  • this nozzle of substantially cylindrical shape with an outside diameter equal to the inside diameter of the sleeve 18, apart from play, has an annular flange 51 in its upper part which comes to bear on the seat 18b.
  • the nozzle 3 ends in a cap 31 of substantially spherical shape, but thicker in its center than in its peripheral part.
  • the nozzle 3 is delimited by an internal lateral surface 33, also cylindrical, joining the substantially spherical internal surface of the cap 31. The latter is pierced right through with an axial hole 34 for the passage of the plasma gas.
  • the electrode 2 secured to the upper sleeve 17, has on its upper end part, a thread 21 intended to be screwed into the internal thread 15b of the cap 15 of the torch body 1.
  • the upper sleeve 17 of diameter e is extended by the body d 'proper electrode 61, of substantially cylindrical shape, but of diameter much smaller than e.
  • the metal electrode 2 has a blind axial bore 22 open upwards, that is to say, towards the inside of the torch body 1.
  • the opening or openings 26 are oriented tangentially with respect to the electrode 2, so as to create a gas vortex plasma in the space 19 and up to the channel 34.
  • an insert 28 for example made of zirconium, favoring the initiation of the bow.
  • the electrode 2 also includes a cylindrical insert 64 mounted coaxially in the blind bore 22 leaving a passage between its lower end and the bottom of the blind bore 22, on the one hand, as well as between its outer wall 65 and the wall of the blind bore 22, so as to allow the circulation of the plasma gas.
  • the diameter e of the sleeve 17 and of the internal bore of the casing 16 at the level of the sleeve 17 is greater than or equal to the clearance, to the outside diameter c of the annular flange 51 of the nozzle 3.
  • the sleeve 18 When mounting the cartridge 60, the sleeve 18 is first introduced into the envelope 16. Then the electrode 2 is brought back into the envelope 16, by securing the upper sleeve rieur 17 of the electrode 2 with the upper part of the casing 16.
  • the upper sleeve 17 of the removable skirt 4 is screwed by its thread 21 into the thread 15b of the cap 15 of the torch body 1.
  • the distance between the two seats 118b and 18b is at least equal to the distance necessary for sliding of the nozzle 3 in the. lower sleeve 18 to come into contact with the electrode 2 and cause the initiation of an arc between the electrode 2 and the nozzle 3.
  • the plasma gas sent into the insulating pipe 8 penetrates inside the torch and flows into the tube 11 extending through the lateral extension 6 of the torch body 1. It then passes inside the cap 15 then it flows longitudinally downwards into the bore 22 of the electrode 2 in the insert 64. In passing, it cools the lower front wall 27 of the electrode 2.
  • the second current corresponds to the excess gas (from 80 to 90% of the supply flow) and flows- through the various channels such as 52 and 53 (figure 2) to exit the torch in the form of a plurality of jets surrounding the central jet forming the plasma.
  • the relative proportions of the first and second streams may be significantly different. Preferably, these proportions will vary from 1/1 to 1/10.
  • the electric current is brought to the electrode 2 by the electrical connection provided between the upper conductive sleeve 17 and the metal cap 15 to which the tube 11 is welded.
  • the nozzle 3 In operation, when the pressurized gas is supplied to the torch according to the invention, the nozzle 3 is pressed against its seat 18b only under the effect of the pressure of the gas.
  • the electrode 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the cartridge of Figure 1, in which the same elements as those of Figure 1 have the same references.
  • the electrode 2 is removable: the nozzle 3, the casing 16 of the skirt 4, as well as the sleeve 18 are integral with each other.
  • the casing 16 has an upper internal bore of diameter e, greater than or equal to the diameter c of the nozzle 3.
  • the upper sleeve 17 comprising an internal bore 24 of diameter b less than diameter c.
  • the displacement of the nozzle 3 is limited by the shoulder 118b located on the lower part of the sleeve 17.
  • the distance between the lower 18 and upper 17 sleeves is such that , during the inversion of the cartridge, the shoulder 51 abuts against the shoulder 118b. This prevents the nozzle 3 from completely coming out of its sliding and guide sleeve 18.
  • the upper sleeve 17 has on its upper part a bore delimiting a circular bearing 17c serving as a stop for the cylindrical shoulder 23 of the electrode 2. When the latter is in position, its lower part has substantially the same position as the part corresponding to the cartridge electrode of figure 1.
  • the electrode is removable, which makes it possible to check the condition. of the electrode and possibly to change it without changing the nozzle, or vice versa.
  • the lateral pipes 52, 53 can take different shapes and orientations. In particular, they can be oriented radially.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
EP86400342A 1985-02-22 1986-02-19 Torche de soudage ou de coupage à plasma munie d'une cartouche tuyère Expired EP0193456B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86400342T ATE35605T1 (de) 1985-02-22 1986-02-19 Plasmaschweiss- oder plasmaschneidbrenner mit dueseneinheit.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8502553A FR2578137B1 (fr) 1985-02-22 1985-02-22 Torche de soudage ou de coupage plasma munie d'une cartouche tuyere
FR8502553 1985-02-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0193456A1 EP0193456A1 (fr) 1986-09-03
EP0193456B1 true EP0193456B1 (fr) 1988-07-06

Family

ID=9316524

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86400342A Expired EP0193456B1 (fr) 1985-02-22 1986-02-19 Torche de soudage ou de coupage à plasma munie d'une cartouche tuyère

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US4682005A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0193456B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS61195787A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE35605T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU577179B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR8600727A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1250026A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3660363D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK168683B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES8704694A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2578137B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
PT (1) PT82049B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA861186B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3840459A1 (de) * 1988-11-14 1990-05-17 Merkle Wilhelm Schweissmasch Schneidbrenner

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US4901719A (en) * 1986-04-08 1990-02-20 C. R. Bard, Inc. Electrosurgical conductive gas stream equipment
FR2609591B1 (fr) * 1987-01-13 1990-12-07 Soudure Autogene Francaise Coiffe pour torche de travail a l'arc et torche correspondante
FR2626206B1 (fr) * 1988-01-25 1990-05-18 Soudure Autogene Francaise Torche et machine de travail a l'arc, et cartouche pour cette torche
US4864097A (en) * 1988-09-23 1989-09-05 Emerson Electric Co. Plasma arc torch with confined and controlled plasma jet column
US4929811A (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-05-29 The Lincoln Electric Company Plasma arc torch interlock with disabling control arrangement system
US4967055A (en) * 1989-03-31 1990-10-30 Tweco Products Plasma torch
IT1243170B (it) * 1990-11-29 1994-05-24 Trafimet Trafilerie Metalliche Torcia per taglio al plasma con innesco per contatto
US5220150A (en) * 1991-05-03 1993-06-15 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Plasma spray torch with hot anode and gas shroud
JPH09141446A (ja) * 1995-11-15 1997-06-03 Komatsu Ltd カートリッジ式プラズマトーチ
US5893985A (en) * 1997-03-14 1999-04-13 The Lincoln Electric Company Plasma arc torch
FR2792493B1 (fr) * 1999-04-14 2001-05-25 Commissariat Energie Atomique Cartouche pour torche a plasma et torche a plasma equipee
US6703581B2 (en) 2001-02-27 2004-03-09 Thermal Dynamics Corporation Contact start plasma torch
US6717096B2 (en) * 2001-02-27 2004-04-06 Thermal Dynamics Corporation Dual mode plasma arc torch
US7202440B2 (en) * 2003-11-24 2007-04-10 Thermal Dynamics Corporation Dual mode plasma arc torch
JP4786084B2 (ja) * 2001-03-28 2011-10-05 日本ウエルディング・ロッド株式会社 粉体プラズマ肉盛溶接用トーチ
KR100658988B1 (ko) * 2002-04-19 2006-12-21 더말 다이나믹스 코포레이션 플라즈마 아크 발염방사장치, 그 전극 및 플라즈마 아크 발염방사장치의 동작방법
US7253373B2 (en) * 2003-07-24 2007-08-07 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Air-cooled arc welding implement
US8395076B2 (en) * 2003-11-06 2013-03-12 Illinois Tool Works Inc. One-piece consumable assembly
US20070045241A1 (en) * 2005-08-29 2007-03-01 Schneider Joseph C Contact start plasma torch and method of operation
US8258423B2 (en) 2009-08-10 2012-09-04 The Esab Group, Inc. Retract start plasma torch with reversible coolant flow
US8258424B2 (en) 2009-08-20 2012-09-04 The Esab Group, Inc. Plasma torch with electrode wear detection system
US11783138B2 (en) 2012-04-04 2023-10-10 Hypertherm, Inc. Configuring signal devices in thermal processing systems
US10456855B2 (en) 2013-11-13 2019-10-29 Hypertherm, Inc. Consumable cartridge for a plasma arc cutting system
US11432393B2 (en) 2013-11-13 2022-08-30 Hypertherm, Inc. Cost effective cartridge for a plasma arc torch
US9981335B2 (en) 2013-11-13 2018-05-29 Hypertherm, Inc. Consumable cartridge for a plasma arc cutting system
US11278983B2 (en) 2013-11-13 2022-03-22 Hypertherm, Inc. Consumable cartridge for a plasma arc cutting system
US10582605B2 (en) 2014-08-12 2020-03-03 Hypertherm, Inc. Cost effective cartridge for a plasma arc torch
US12275082B2 (en) 2013-11-13 2025-04-15 Hypertherm, Inc. Consumable cartridge for a plasma arc cutting system
US11684995B2 (en) 2013-11-13 2023-06-27 Hypertherm, Inc. Cost effective cartridge for a plasma arc torch
US20160107260A1 (en) * 2014-01-13 2016-04-21 Camarc Llc Welding nozzle of a welding torch
US20150196977A1 (en) * 2014-01-13 2015-07-16 Camarc Llc Electrode and method changing an electrode to a welding torch
JP6902587B2 (ja) * 2015-01-30 2021-07-14 株式会社小松製作所 プラズマトーチ用交換部品ユニット
JP6636249B2 (ja) 2015-01-30 2020-01-29 株式会社小松製作所 プラズマトーチ用交換部品ユニット
US10555410B2 (en) 2015-08-04 2020-02-04 Hypertherm, Inc. Cartridge for a liquid-cooled plasma arc torch
US10208263B2 (en) * 2015-08-27 2019-02-19 Cogent Energy Systems, Inc. Modular hybrid plasma gasifier for use in converting combustible material to synthesis gas
US10413991B2 (en) 2015-12-29 2019-09-17 Hypertherm, Inc. Supplying pressurized gas to plasma arc torch consumables and related systems and methods
CN106572585B (zh) * 2016-10-19 2019-12-03 博奥生物集团有限公司 一种等离子体发生器
CN107064114A (zh) * 2016-12-15 2017-08-18 伊创仪器科技（广州）有限公司 一种可拆式微波诱导等离子体炬管
WO2018148495A1 (en) 2017-02-09 2018-08-16 Hypertherm, Inc. Swirl ring and contact element for a plasma arc torch cartridge
DE102017112821A1 (de) * 2017-06-12 2018-12-13 Kjellberg-Stiftung Elektroden für gas- und flüssigkeitsgekühlte Plasmabrenner, Anordnung aus einer Elektrode und einem Kühlrohr, Gasführung, Plasmabrenner, Verfahren zur Gasführung in einem Plasmabrenner und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Plasmabrenners
US10926238B2 (en) 2018-05-03 2021-02-23 Cogent Energy Systems, Inc. Electrode assembly for use in a plasma gasifier that converts combustible material to synthesis gas
EP4351280A3 (en) * 2018-11-07 2024-07-10 Hypertherm, Inc. Frame for a cartridge for a plasma arc cutting system, method of cooling the plasma arc cutting system and method of manufacturing the frame
US20240373539A1 (en) * 2023-05-04 2024-11-07 Hypertherm, Inc. Arc-erosion resistant nozzles for plasma arc material processing systems

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US3832513A (en) * 1973-04-09 1974-08-27 G Klasson Starting and stabilizing apparatus for a gas-tungsten arc welding system
US4295030A (en) * 1978-03-08 1981-10-13 Naoyoshi Hosoda Plasma-arc cutting method
US4481636A (en) * 1982-05-05 1984-11-06 Council For Mineral Technology Electrode assemblies for thermal plasma generating devices
FR2556549B1 (fr) * 1983-12-07 1986-10-17 Soudure Autogene Francaise Procede d'allumage d'un arc pour torche de soudage ou coupage et torche adaptee a mettre en oeuvre ce procede
FR2562748B1 (fr) * 1984-04-04 1989-06-02 Soudure Autogene Francaise Torche de soudage ou coupage a plasma
US4580032A (en) * 1984-12-27 1986-04-01 Union Carbide Corporation Plasma torch safety device
JPS6430591A (en) * 1987-07-24 1989-02-01 Nok Corp Introduction of mutagen to cell

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3840459A1 (de) * 1988-11-14 1990-05-17 Merkle Wilhelm Schweissmasch Schneidbrenner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES8704694A1 (es) 1987-04-01
ZA861186B (en) 1986-09-24
ATE35605T1 (de) 1988-07-15
JPH0313000B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1991-02-21
DK78486A (da) 1986-08-23
DE3660363D1 (en) 1988-08-11
DK168683B1 (da) 1994-05-16
CA1250026A (fr) 1989-02-14
EP0193456A1 (fr) 1986-09-03
DK78486D0 (da) 1986-02-20
PT82049A (fr) 1986-03-01
PT82049B (pt) 1992-05-29
ES552265A0 (es) 1987-04-01
AU577179B2 (en) 1988-09-15
AU5378286A (en) 1986-08-28
JPS61195787A (ja) 1986-08-30
US4682005A (en) 1987-07-21
FR2578137A1 (fr) 1986-08-29
BR8600727A (pt) 1986-11-04
FR2578137B1 (fr) 1987-03-27

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