EP0188747B1 - Kopfbedeckung zum persönlichen Schutz aus Schichtmaterial, wie z.B Schutzhelme - Google Patents

Kopfbedeckung zum persönlichen Schutz aus Schichtmaterial, wie z.B Schutzhelme Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0188747B1
EP0188747B1 EP85115994A EP85115994A EP0188747B1 EP 0188747 B1 EP0188747 B1 EP 0188747B1 EP 85115994 A EP85115994 A EP 85115994A EP 85115994 A EP85115994 A EP 85115994A EP 0188747 B1 EP0188747 B1 EP 0188747B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composite material
resin
cap
shells
constituted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85115994A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0188747A1 (de
Inventor
Marzio Nocchi
Arnaldo Cappa
Pietro Argentiero
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TECNO FIBRE SpA
Original Assignee
TECNO FIBRE SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TECNO FIBRE SpA filed Critical TECNO FIBRE SpA
Priority to AT85115994T priority Critical patent/ATE62066T1/de
Publication of EP0188747A1 publication Critical patent/EP0188747A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0188747B1 publication Critical patent/EP0188747B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A42—HEADWEAR
    • A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
    • A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
    • A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
    • A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
    • A42B3/062—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with reinforcing means
    • A42B3/063—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with reinforcing means using layered structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H1/00—Personal protection gear
    • F41H1/04—Protection helmets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H1/00—Personal protection gear
    • F41H1/04—Protection helmets
    • F41H1/08—Protection helmets of plastics; Plastic head-shields
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0442—Layered armour containing metal
    • F41H5/0457—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
    • F41H5/0464—Metal layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics the additional layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to caps made of composite material for personal protection, such as helmets and the like, and more particularly to a composite helmets provided with high characteristics of resistance to the absorption of impact energy and to the dynamic to penetration by hard bodies, such as projectiles, splinters and the like.
  • V50 ballistic protective helmets
  • MIL-STD-662B/1971 and MIL-P-46593A(ORD)/1962 (U.S.A.) standards MIL-STD-662B/1971 and MIL-P-46593A(ORD)/1962 (U.S.A.) standards, to which standards reference shall be made in the following disclosure when reference to ballistic characteristics and tests shall be made.
  • metal helmets show the drawback of being heavy (relatively to their ballistic characteristics), as well as of being good heat conductors, hence discomfortable when same helmets are to be borne over long time periods in very hot or very cold places.
  • Head coverings and helmets also exist (and are known) made of composite material, generally constituted by fiberglass (or of polyamide type) fabric, impregnated with a suitable resin, such as e.g. phenolic resins, thermosetting polyester resins, and others.
  • a suitable resin such as e.g. phenolic resins, thermosetting polyester resins, and others.
  • FR - A - 1,113,396 discloses, e.g., a composite product (useable for protective helmets too) constituted by an assembly (or laminate) of a plurality of sheets of fibrous matrial (fiberglass) impregnated with a synthetic resin (polyester), said sheets being linked to each other in a few contact points or areas, only, and wherein some of said sheets may be not resin-impregnated.
  • U.S. - A - 3,018,210 discloses in its turn a composite helmet (it too of non-metal materials) substantially having a "sandwich" structure, wherein two shells, respectively an inner and an outer shell, are both rigid (by being constituted by a resin-impregnated fibrous material), whilst an intermediate layer, comprised between said two shells, is constituted by a flexible not resin-impregnated ballistic fabric, wherein said layer is mostly free of moving between said outer and inner shells, which shells are solidly linked to each other by means of suitable linking means.
  • FR-A-2,425,046 discloses a composite material for the personal protecon such as defined in the preamble of claim 1 and provided with high characteristics of resistance to the absorption of impact energy and to the dynamic penetration by hard bodies, comprising, in combination, an outer shell constituted by a metal material superimposed to an inner shell constituted by a composite laminate consisting of aromatic polyamide fibers impregnated with a synthetic resin, whereinsaid two shells are solidly linked to each other by means of polymeric material interposed between the said shells.
  • non-metal helmets essentially constituted by fibers with high physical-me-chanical characteristics (in particular, aramidic fibers, i.e., highly aromatic polyamide fibers), suitably woven, and assembled with synthetic resins.
  • Said helmets are however very expensive, and moreover have ballistic properties (such as those hereinabove defined) around 2000 feet/s (about 610 m/s).
  • Particular object of the present invention is hence to provide an improved composite ballistic helmet, not showing the above said drawbacks of the known art, and which is moreover provided with great resistance to the absorption of impact energy, as well as of greater resistance to penetration by projectiles, splinters, and the like.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide improved composite protective helmets for the most various uses, such as, e.g., helmets for miners, for operators of industrial plants, for firemen, for parachutists and the like.
  • a cap of composite material for the personal protection particularly a composi te helmet, provided with high characteristics of resistance to the absorption of impact energy and to the dynamic penetration by hard bodies, comprising, in combination, an outer shell constituted by a metal material superimposed to an inner shell constituted by a composite laminate consisting of aromatic polyamide fibers impregnated with a synthetic resin, wherein said two shells are solidly linked to each other by means of polymeric material interposed between the said shells, characterized in that the inner shell is constituted by fabrics made of aromatic polyamide fibers impregnated with a resin wherein said resin forms an elastic matrix with alveolar structure, the aromatic polyamide fiber of the fabrics being arranged into the alveoli of the alveolar structure.
  • Said outer metal shell is accomplished, according to the invention, by preferably using known steels for ballistic protective helmets, or deep-drawable aluminium alloys for ballistic use, whilst the fibrous matrial of said inner shell is preferably constituted by fabrics of fibers having high physical-mechanical characteristics, in particular polyamide fibers, fiberglass, and the like (the term “polyamide fibers” is intended to comprise also the polyamide fibers of aromatic type known as aramide fibers).
  • the above said outer metal shell has as its main function the absorbing and dissipating of the most of the impact energy of a projectile or of a splinter or the like, violently striking the same shell; the intermediate layer of polymeric material as above said (besides acting as the bonding agent between the two above said respectively outer and inner shells), cooperates with outer shell in absorbing and dissipating said impact energy, by delamination from the shell itself; finally, the inner shell as already indicated above has the function of absorbing the residual impact energy of the projectile or the like, by inner delamination, and moreover distributing said residual energy on a large surface, said shell being suitable (as a function of the type of fibrous material and of related impregnating resin selected to embody the invention) to delaminate, as well as to make said projectile to move along a trajectory not rectilineal, but tortuous (hence long), hence suitable to absorb much energy and to confer high resistance to penetration by the projectile.
  • head coverings and helmets according to the invention is carried out by means of techniques of type known to those skilled in the art, such as cutting, deep drawing, moulding, lamination, polymerization, and the like.
  • a preferred, but not exclusive embodiment of the invention envisages that inner shell be constituted by the known"aramide ballistic fabrics" (provided with exceptionally high characteristics of tensile strength), and namely, in practice, e.g. by fabrics of Kevlar yarn (Trade mark of aromatic polyamide fiber by Du Pont de Nemours, E.I. & Co., U.S.A.), said fabrics being in a number of from 10 to about 15, and forming a thickness of about 4-6 mm, same fabrics being solidy assembled with each other by impregnation with a thermoplastic resin, e.g., polyethylene, or with a thermosetting resin, e.g., resins of modified phenol-formaldehyde type, vinyl esters, and polyesters.
  • a thermoplastic resin e.g., polyethylene
  • a thermosetting resin e.g., resins of modified phenol-formaldehyde type, vinyl esters, and polyesters.
  • the amount of resin represents about 15-35% (by weight, as dry solid matter) of the total of material constituting said inner shell (fibers + resin).
  • the layer of polymeric material interposed between the said outer and inner layers is constituted by a cellulose web of about 12 g/m2, bonded with thermally melting adhesive on the basis of SIS (styrene-isoprene-styrene) copolymer.
  • Said layer can also be constituted by the same resin used to impregnate the inner layer.
  • resin of known type which can be advantageously used are: modified melamine resins, polyester resins, vinyl resins, olefinic polymers and copolymers, as well as other known thermosetting resins and thermoplastic polymers.
  • the said intermediate layer of polymeric material can be accomplished, according to the invention, both as continuous layer (a cap, in particular a helmet, of "monolithic structure", being thus formed), as well as in other forms, as, e.g., a foam, a honeycomb structure, and the like, in that case a cap being formed with so-called “sandwich structure”.
  • the invention envisages that inner shell be constituted by polyethylene sheets alternated to aramidic fiber fabrics, the polyethylene sheets forming (by partial bonding with each other through the interstices of said fabrics) an elastic matrix with alveolar structure, with function of tridimensional support, into the alveoli of which the filaments of aramidic fabrics are contained, freely encapsulated (see European Patent Application N° 0049014 A2, published), said polyethylene sheets and said fabrics being assembled with each other in the said alveolar mode by high-temperature pressing (e.g., under a pressure of about 5 kg/cm2 at a temperature of about 165°C, and over a time of baout 15 minutes).
  • high-temperature pressing e.g., under a pressure of about 5 kg/cm2 at a temperature of about 165°C, and over a time of baout 15 minutes.
  • the alveolar structure as above said reacts elastically to projectile impact, as the filaments of aramidic fabrics cooperate harmonically in a very efficacious way in the impact area and in its surroundings, slightly sliding (by "controlled delamination") inside related alveoli, when said polyethylene alveolar structure is elastically deformed by the projectile.
  • Ballistic helmet so constituted:
  • TEXILAR Trademark for fabrics by TEXINDUSTRIA S.p.a., Como
  • thermosetting resin of fire-proofed vinyl ester type
  • - inner layer interposed between the two said shells: made in form of cellulose web of 12 g/m2 bonded with thermomelting adhesive on the basis of SIS (styrene-isoprene-styrene).
  • the weight per surface area unit of composite helmet (reported in plane) is of 10.8 kg/m2 (of which, 8.8 kg/cm2 the outer steel shell, and 2 kg/m2 the inner shell + the intermediate layer).
  • Ballistic helmet constituted as that of Example 1, with the difference that the outer shell is of deep-drawable aluminium alloys for ballistic use, average thickness 2.5 mm.
  • the weight per surface area unit of composite helmet (reported in plane) is of 10.8 kg/m2 (of which, 6.5 kg/m2 the shell of aluminium alloy, and 4.3 kg/m2 the inner shell + the intermediate layer).
  • the limit of ballistic protection V50 results equal to 2400 feet/s (732 m/s).
  • the weight per surface area unit of helmet (reported in plane) is of 10.8 kg/m2 (of which, 8.8 kg/m2 the steel shell, and 2 kg/m2 the outer shell + the intermediate layer).
  • the limit of ballistic protection V50 is equal to 2350 feet/s (716 m/s).
  • outer shell may be constituted, according to the invention, by any suitable metal material, such as e.g., titanium.
  • the present invention has been disclosed with particular reference to caps of composite material shaped for the protection of human head, but the protection area of the same invention is intended to enclose also caps shaped in different fashion, i.e., as shapes suitable to protect other parts of human body.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Kopfbedeckung aus Verbundwerkstoff zum persönlichen Schutz, insbesondere Helm aus Verbundstoff, mit hohen Widerstandswerten gegenüber Absorption von Schlagenergie und dynamischer Durchdringung durch Hartkörper, umfassend, in Kombination, eine äußere Schale aus metallischem Material, die sich über einer inneren Schale befindet, die aus einem Schichtstoff-Verbundstoff aufgebaut ist, der aus aromatischen Polyamidfasern besteht, die mit einem synthetischen Harz imprägniert sind, wobei diese Schalen mittels eines polymeren Materials, das sich zwischen besagten Schalen befindet, fest miteinander verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die innere Schale aus Geweben aus aromatischen Polyamidfasern aufgebaut ist, die mit einem Harz imprägniert sind, wobei das Harz eine elastische Matrix mit zellenförmiger Struktur bildet und die aromatischen Polyamidfasern der Gewebe die Zellen der zellförmigen Struktur bilden.
  2. Kopfbedeckung aus Verbundwerkstoff nach Anspruch 1, worin das Harz ein Thermoplast oder ein härtbares Harz ist.
  3. Kopfbedeckung aus Verbundwerkstoff nach Anspruch 1, worin das Harz aus Polyethylenfolien aufgebaut ist.
  4. Kopfbedeckung aus Verbundwerkstoff nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin das Laminat 10 bis 15 Gewebeschichten enthält.
  5. Kopfbedeckung aus Verbundwerkstoff nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin die Menge an Harz, bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der inneren Schale 15 bis 35 Gew.-% umfaßt.
  6. Kopfbedeckung aus verbundwerkstoff nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, worin das polymere Material, das sich zwischen den zwei schalen befindet, ein Cellulosenetz ist, das mit einem unter Einwirkung von Wärme schmelzenden Klebstoff beschichtet ist.
  7. Kopfbedeckung aus Verbundwerkstoff nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 5, worin das polymere Material, das sich zwischen den zwei Schalen befindet, dasselbe Harz ist, das zur Imprägnation der inneren Schicht verwendet wird-
  8. Kopfbedeckung aus Verbundwerkstoff nach Anspruch 7, worin das polymere Material, das sich zwischen den zwei Schalen befindet, in Form einer Bienenwabenstruktur vorliegt.
EP85115994A 1985-01-23 1985-12-14 Kopfbedeckung zum persönlichen Schutz aus Schichtmaterial, wie z.B Schutzhelme Expired - Lifetime EP0188747B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85115994T ATE62066T1 (de) 1985-01-23 1985-12-14 Kopfbedeckung zum persoenlichen schutz aus schichtmaterial, wie z.b schutzhelme.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT19210/85A IT1184142B (it) 1985-01-23 1985-01-23 Calotte in composito per la protezione personale,quali caschi e simili
IT1921085 1985-01-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0188747A1 EP0188747A1 (de) 1986-07-30
EP0188747B1 true EP0188747B1 (de) 1991-03-27

Family

ID=11155824

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85115994A Expired - Lifetime EP0188747B1 (de) 1985-01-23 1985-12-14 Kopfbedeckung zum persönlichen Schutz aus Schichtmaterial, wie z.B Schutzhelme

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0188747B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE62066T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3582322D1 (de)
IT (1) IT1184142B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102811639A (zh) * 2010-01-13 2012-12-05 米帕斯公司 摩擦降低材料的中间层
CN106197148A (zh) * 2016-07-15 2016-12-07 河南永威安防股份有限公司 一种复合防弹头盔及其制造方法
CN111698920A (zh) * 2018-01-31 2020-09-22 乌尔布里希特有限责任公司 弹道保护头盔

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1209637B (it) * 1985-05-27 1989-08-30 Nolan Spa Metodo per la fabbricazione di caschi di vario modello, dotati di caratteristiche estetiche e funzionali differenziate, consistente nell'applicare ad unacalotta completa, che funge da cellula unificata di base, differenti elementi, i quali vengono fissati, preferibilmente mediante piolini e ranelle elastiche, alla suddetta cellula di base, e casch
NL8801195A (nl) * 1988-05-06 1989-12-01 Stamicarbon Ballistische structuur.
NL9101583A (nl) * 1991-09-20 1993-04-16 Dsm Nv Samengestelde pantserplaat, omvattende een composietlaag en een metaallaag.
US20060030226A1 (en) * 2003-12-09 2006-02-09 Park Andrew D Non-ceramic hard armor composite
AT8206U1 (de) * 2005-01-27 2006-04-15 Hein Ulbricht S Wwe Gmbh Helm
EP3520641B1 (de) 2018-01-31 2024-03-27 Ulbrichts GmbH Ballistischer schutzhelm

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1065302B (de) * 1955-05-09 1959-09-10 General Textile Mills, Inc., Carbomdale, Pa. (V. St. A.) Panzerung, insbesondere Helm, und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
US3722355A (en) * 1965-08-03 1973-03-27 Aerojet General Co Lightweight armor material
GB1367403A (en) * 1971-12-23 1974-09-18 Daly N Protective headwear
US3867239A (en) * 1973-06-11 1975-02-18 Us Army Body armor construction
FR2425046A1 (fr) * 1978-05-03 1979-11-30 Saint Louis Inst Plaque de blindage a l'epreuve de projectiles anti-personnel
FR2431674A1 (fr) * 1978-07-18 1980-02-15 Fontauto Spa Structure pare-balles de protection contre les armes a feu
US4457985A (en) * 1982-03-19 1984-07-03 Allied Corporation Ballistic-resistant article

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102811639A (zh) * 2010-01-13 2012-12-05 米帕斯公司 摩擦降低材料的中间层
CN102811639B (zh) * 2010-01-13 2016-04-20 米帕斯公司 摩擦降低材料的中间层
CN106197148A (zh) * 2016-07-15 2016-12-07 河南永威安防股份有限公司 一种复合防弹头盔及其制造方法
CN106197148B (zh) * 2016-07-15 2017-10-24 河南永威安防股份有限公司 一种复合防弹头盔及其制造方法
CN111698920A (zh) * 2018-01-31 2020-09-22 乌尔布里希特有限责任公司 弹道保护头盔

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1184142B (it) 1987-10-22
DE3582322D1 (de) 1991-05-02
EP0188747A1 (de) 1986-07-30
IT8519210A0 (it) 1985-01-23
ATE62066T1 (de) 1991-04-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4550044A (en) Ballistic resistant armor panel and method of constructing the same
EP0650333B1 (de) Schutzhelm
US4613535A (en) Complex composite article having improved impact resistance
CA1321538C (en) Antiballistic composite armor
US6931671B2 (en) Lightweight impact resistant helmet system
US4748064A (en) Ballistic-resistant composite article
US4623574A (en) Ballistic-resistant composite article
EP0197279B1 (de) Mehrfach zusammengesetztes Material mit Beschussfestigkeit
US5794271A (en) Helmet shell structure
CA1229008A (en) Flexible armour
US3958276A (en) Helmet
CA2450338C (en) Laminated ballistic structure comprising alternating unidirectional and thermoplastic layers
EP0188747B1 (de) Kopfbedeckung zum persönlichen Schutz aus Schichtmaterial, wie z.B Schutzhelme
EP0862722B1 (de) Gemisch zur verbesserung der durchschlagfestigkeit
CA1277528C (en) Flexible and modular armor plating device
CA2698694A1 (en) A helmet containing polyethylene fibers
US5952078A (en) Athletic guard including energy absorbing laminate structure
US5035952A (en) Ballistic structure
US3353187A (en) Protective helmet
US2766453A (en) Plastic impregnated fabric material and method for making same
EP1700688A1 (de) Flexibler, perforationsbeständiger Verbundwerkstoff, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und entsprechende Erzeugnisse
JP2003269898A (ja) 複合積層体および防弾用ヘルメット
GB2253589A (en) Penetration-resistant laminate
JPS635937A (ja) 防護具用部材およびその製造方法
JP2923306B2 (ja) ヘルメット

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19861211

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19870818

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: TECNO FIBRE S.P.A.

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 62066

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19910415

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3582322

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19910502

ET Fr: translation filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19911030

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19911203

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19911209

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19911210

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19911218

Year of fee payment: 7

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19911218

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19911231

Year of fee payment: 7

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19920131

Year of fee payment: 7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19920204

Year of fee payment: 7

26N No opposition filed
EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19921214

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19921214

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19921214

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19921215

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19921231

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19921231

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19921231

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: TECNO FIBRE S.P.A.

Effective date: 19921231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19930701

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19921214

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19930831

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19930901

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 85115994.7

Effective date: 19930709