EP0188174A1 - Anchor for wall consolidation in cavity structures - Google Patents

Anchor for wall consolidation in cavity structures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0188174A1
EP0188174A1 EP85810585A EP85810585A EP0188174A1 EP 0188174 A1 EP0188174 A1 EP 0188174A1 EP 85810585 A EP85810585 A EP 85810585A EP 85810585 A EP85810585 A EP 85810585A EP 0188174 A1 EP0188174 A1 EP 0188174A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anchor
rod
thread
anchor rod
threaded
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85810585A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0188174B1 (en
Inventor
Erwin Isler
Hans Rudolf Wey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
H Weidmann AG
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H Weidmann AG
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Publication date
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Priority to AT85810585T priority Critical patent/ATE36035T1/en
Publication of EP0188174A1 publication Critical patent/EP0188174A1/en
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Publication of EP0188174B1 publication Critical patent/EP0188174B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0006—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by the bolt material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0086—Bearing plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S411/00—Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-threaded fastener
    • Y10S411/90—Fastener or fastener element composed of plural different materials
    • Y10S411/901—Core and exterior of different materials
    • Y10S411/902—Metal core
    • Y10S411/903—Resinous exterior

Definitions

  • anchors are installed in boreholes.
  • tie rods are known on the one hand, the anchor rod of which is anchored at one end by means of an expansion element in the bottom of the borehole, and on the other hand carries a thread onto which a nut is screwed.
  • the nut lies against a plate which supports the wall of the cavity (EP-A-94908).
  • adhesive anchors are known, the anchor rod of which is connected to the borehole wall practically over its entire length by means of a two-component adhesive.
  • a nut screwed onto the free end of the anchor rod essentially secures the wall of the cavity only from crumbling over a plate and thus has much smaller forces to be over wear.
  • the adhesive is first packaged in plastic bags and inserted into the borehole.
  • the anchor rod has cutting edges at its front end, which cut the bags open when the rod is inserted into the borehole.
  • the two adhesive components are mixed and adhesive is distributed over the circumference and the length of the rod. After the adhesive has hardened, the nut can be tightened.
  • EP-A 94 908 From EP-A 94 908, from which claim 1 is delimited, it is known to produce the anchor rod from glass fiber reinforced plastic. In addition to its high strength and low weight, this has the advantage that the anchor rod does not corrode. The main problem here is the transmission of force from the anchor rod to the nut.
  • a sleeve cast onto the anchor rod at the end of the rod is provided with a sawtooth-like thread, the flanks of which face away from the free end of the anchor rod are substantially steeper than the flanks facing the free end.
  • the sleeve is secured on the anchor rod by sawtooth-like grooves formed in the rod with axial length decreasing towards the free rod end against axial displacement.
  • the invention has for its object to develop an anchor according to the preamble of claim 1 so that it is easy to manufacture and that it is particularly suitable as an adhesive anchor. This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the anchor rod By making the load-bearing flanks of the sawtooth thread flat, the anchor rod is radially compressed when the nut is tightened. Experiments have shown that this significantly improves the transmission of force within the anchor rod and that a larger load can therefore be transmitted without shearing off the threads.
  • the thread can either be cut directly into the anchor rod or formed on a sleeve cast or glued onto the anchor rod. In the latter case, the radial compression also considerably improves the transmission of force between the sleeve and the anchor rod.
  • the anchor shown is designed as an adhesive anchor.
  • the anchor rod 1 consists of glass fiber reinforced plastic.
  • two fillets 51 are cut at an acute angle to the rod axis, as a result of which two cutting edges 53 are formed for cutting open the plastic bags containing the two-component adhesive. This design of the cut edges ensures that that the empty plastic bags are not wedged on one side between anchor rod 1 and the borehole wall.
  • a threaded sleeve 3 made of glass fiber reinforced plastic is placed on the anchor rod 1 in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • the thread is sawtooth-shaped and has flanks 31 which are inclined flat against the end of the anchor rod 1 to be inserted into the borehole and steep flanks 33 which are directed towards the free end of the anchor rod wedge between a threaded body 11 of the nut 5 and the anchor rod 1.
  • the threads are therefore pressed radially onto the anchor rod 1.
  • the wall thickness 35 between the thread base 34 and the inner wall 38 of the sleeve 3 is very small, that is to say substantially smaller than the wall thickness 37 between the thread comb 36 and the inner wall 38. This ensures that the sleeve 3 is helically longitudinal along with a strong expansion of the anchor rod 1 of the thread base 34 tears. Since the individual threads of the sleeve 3 between the nut 5 and the anchor rod 1 ver are wedged, the power transmission is maintained and it is prevented that the anchor rod 1 can peel from the borehole side of the sleeve 3.
  • the sleeve 3 can be glued or cast onto the anchor rod 1. If the flanks 31 have a very flat angle, a press fit may also be sufficient.
  • the sleeve 3 has axial longitudinal grooves or slots 30 so that it can be radially compressed unimpeded.
  • the thread 2 is cut directly into the anchor rod 1.
  • Tests have shown that the force transmission within the anchor rod 1 is significantly improved by the flat flanks 31 of the thread facing away from the free rod end. This is because the glass fibers embedded in a matrix of synthetic resin and running parallel to the rod axis result in a pronounced anisotropy in the strength values of the rod 1.
  • the shear strength parallel to the fibers is relatively low, but can be increased considerably by radial compression. Therefore, the breaking load at which the threads shear is considerably higher when the thread 2 is designed according to the invention than with a normal thread.
  • the pressure nut 5 is also made of glass fiber reinforced plastic and has a cylindrical threaded body 11, from which radial ribs 25 protrude. On the face side, the ribs 25 each end in a support flange segment 19 with a convex spherical outer surface 21. The segments 19 are separated from one another by radial slots 20. As a result of this design, the contact pressures on the outer surface 21 via the ribs 25 result in radial compression forces on the threaded body 11, which counteract the expansion forces of the sawtooth thread 2. The wall of the threaded body 11 is thus compressed in the radial direction, which causes an elastic extension of the threaded body 11 in the axial direction proportional to the load. By suitable dimensioning, this elastic extension of that of the anchor rod 1 can be adapted under load, so that all threads carry the same amount. An ideal power transmission from the pressure nut 5 to the anchor rod 1 is thus achieved.
  • the mother is closed on the outside by a cover 13.
  • An axial circumferential groove 15 extends at the edge of the cover 13.
  • the wall thickness of the nut is small between the bottom of the groove 15 and the bottom of the threaded bore 17, so that a predetermined breaking point 9 is formed here.
  • the predetermined breaking point 9 is dimensioned strong enough to withstand the torque required for mixing the two-component boar from the nut 5 to transfer the anchor rod 1. After the adhesive has hardened, the predetermined breaking point 9 breaks when the nut 5 is turned further, so that the nut 5 can be tightened.
  • the nut 5 is supported against an anchor plate 7, which has a support flange 41 with a spherical support surface 47.
  • Radial and annular ribs 45, 43 are arranged on the support flange 41, which form a kind of crumple zone, so that the support flange can be supported uniformly along its circumference on the wall of the cavity.
  • the spherical surfaces 21, 47 prevent bending of the anchor rod 1.
  • the limitation of the screwing-in torque by the cover 13 connected to the threaded body 11 via the predetermined breaking point 9 is generally applicable to adhesive anchors, irrespective of the thread shape and the material of the anchor rod 1. Since the maximum transferable torque is relatively exactly defined by this predetermined breaking point, this can be ensured can be, on the one hand the required roe for mixing the adhesive D moment applied sure, but that the armature rod is not overloaded during further rotation of the nut on the other hand, after curing of the adhesive.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)

Abstract

Der Anker ist als Klebeanker ausgebildet und umfasst einen Ankerstab (1), eine Gewindehülse (3), eine Druckmutter (5) und eine Druckplatte (7). Die Gewindehülse (3) ist mit einer glatten Längsbohrung auf den Ankerstab (1) aufgeklebt. An ihrem sägezahnförmigen Gewinde sind die steilen Flanken dem freien Ende des Ankerstabes (1) zugewandt, die flachen Flanken vom freien Ende abgewandt. Dadurch verkeilen sich die Gewindegänge der Gewindehülse (3) zwischen dem Gewindekörper (11) der Druckmutter (5) und dem Anderstab, was die Kraftübertragung zwischen Hülse (3) und Stab (1) erheblich verbessert. Der Anker eignet sich insbesondere zur Sicherung der Stollenwände im Bergbau, z.B. von Stollen in Kohleflözen.The anchor is designed as an adhesive anchor and comprises an anchor rod (1), a threaded sleeve (3), a pressure nut (5) and a pressure plate (7). The threaded sleeve (3) is glued to the anchor rod (1) with a smooth longitudinal bore. The steep flanks of the sawtooth-shaped thread face the free end of the anchor rod (1) and the flat flanks face away from the free end. As a result, the threads of the threaded sleeve (3) wedge between the threaded body (11) of the pressure nut (5) and the other rod, which considerably improves the transmission of force between the sleeve (3) and the rod (1). The anchor is particularly suitable for securing the tunnel walls in mining, e.g. of tunnels in coal seams.

Description

Beim Bau von Hohlräumen im Bergbau und beim Abbau von Felswänden werden Kräfte frei, durch die Gestein gegen den freien Raum wandert. Um dies zu verhindern, werden Anker in Bohrlöcher eingebaut. Dazu sind einerseits Zuganker bekannt, deren Ankerstab einenendes mittels eines Spreizelementes im Grund des Bohrloches verankert ist, und der andernends ein Gewinde trägt, auf welches eine Mutter aufgeschraubt ist.When cavities are built in mining and rock walls are dismantled, forces are released through which rock migrates against free space. To prevent this, anchors are installed in boreholes. For this purpose, tie rods are known on the one hand, the anchor rod of which is anchored at one end by means of an expansion element in the bottom of the borehole, and on the other hand carries a thread onto which a nut is screwed.

Die Mutter liegt gegen eine Platte an, welche die Wand des Hohlraums stützt (EP-A- 94908). Andererseits sind sogenannte Klebeanker bekannt, deren Ankerstab praktisch über seine gesamte Länge über einen Zweikomponentenkleber mit der Bohrlochwand verbunden ist. Bei diesen Ankern sichert eine am freien Ende des Ankerstabs aufgeschraubte Mutter über eine Platte die Wand des Hohlraumes im wesentlichen bloss vor dem Abbröckeln und hat also wesentlich kleinere Kräfte zu übertragen. Der Kleber wird zunächst in Plasticbeuteln verpackt ins Bohrloch eingeführt. Der Ankerstab hat an seinem vorderen Ende Schnittkanten, die die Beutel beim Einsetzen des Stabes ins Bohrloch aufschneiden. Durch Drehen des Ankerstabes im Bohrloch werden die beiden Kleberkomponenten vermischt und Kleber über den Umfang und die Länge des Stabes verteilt. Nach Aushärten des Klebers kann die Mutter angezogen werden.The nut lies against a plate which supports the wall of the cavity (EP-A-94908). On the other hand, so-called adhesive anchors are known, the anchor rod of which is connected to the borehole wall practically over its entire length by means of a two-component adhesive. In these anchors, a nut screwed onto the free end of the anchor rod essentially secures the wall of the cavity only from crumbling over a plate and thus has much smaller forces to be over wear. The adhesive is first packaged in plastic bags and inserted into the borehole. The anchor rod has cutting edges at its front end, which cut the bags open when the rod is inserted into the borehole. By turning the anchor rod in the borehole, the two adhesive components are mixed and adhesive is distributed over the circumference and the length of the rod. After the adhesive has hardened, the nut can be tightened.

Aus der EP-A 94 908, gegenüber welcher der Anspruch 1 abgegrenzt ist, ist es bekannt, den Ankerstab aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff herzustellen. Dies hat nebst der hohen Festigkeit und dem geringen Gewicht den Vorteil, dass der Ankerstab nicht korrodiert. Schwierigkeiten bereitet dabei hauptsächlich die Kraftübertragung vom Ankerstab auf die Mutter. Bei der EP-A- 94 908 ist dazu eine am Stabende auf den Ankerstab aufgegossene Hülse vorgesehen mit einem sägezahnartigen Gewinde, dessen vom freien Ende des Ankerstabes abgewandte Flanken wesentlich steiler sind als die dem freien Ende zugewandten Flanken. Die Hülse ist auf dem Ankerstab durch in den Stab eingeformte sägezahnartige Nuten mit gegen das freie Stabende abnehmender axialer Länge gegen Axialverschiebung gesichert.From EP-A 94 908, from which claim 1 is delimited, it is known to produce the anchor rod from glass fiber reinforced plastic. In addition to its high strength and low weight, this has the advantage that the anchor rod does not corrode. The main problem here is the transmission of force from the anchor rod to the nut. In EP-A-94 908, a sleeve cast onto the anchor rod at the end of the rod is provided with a sawtooth-like thread, the flanks of which face away from the free end of the anchor rod are substantially steeper than the flanks facing the free end. The sleeve is secured on the anchor rod by sawtooth-like grooves formed in the rod with axial length decreasing towards the free rod end against axial displacement.

Diese Ausbildung des freien Stabendes hat sich sehr bewährt, ist jedoch fertigungstechnisch ziemlich aufwendig.This design of the free rod end has proven itself very well, but it is quite complex to manufacture.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Anker gemäss Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 so weiterzubilden, dass er einfach herstellbar ist, und dass er sich insbesondere als Klebeanker eignet. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The invention has for its object to develop an anchor according to the preamble of claim 1 so that it is easy to manufacture and that it is particularly suitable as an adhesive anchor. This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Indem die tragenden Flanken des Sägezahngewindes flach ausgebildet werden, wird beim Anziehen der Mutter der Ankerstab radial komprimiert. Versuche haben ergeben, dass damit die Kraftübertragung innerhalb des Ankerstabes wesentlich verbessert wird und deshalb eine grössere Last ohne Abscheren der Gewindegänge übertragen werden kann. Das Gewinde kann entweder direkt in den Ankerstab eingeschnitten oder an einer auf den Ankerstab aufgegossenen oder aufgeklebten Hülse geformt werden. In letzterem Fall wird durch die radiale Kompression auch die Kraftübertragung zwischen Hülse und Ankerstab erheblich verbessert.By making the load-bearing flanks of the sawtooth thread flat, the anchor rod is radially compressed when the nut is tightened. Experiments have shown that this significantly improves the transmission of force within the anchor rod and that a larger load can therefore be transmitted without shearing off the threads. The thread can either be cut directly into the anchor rod or formed on a sleeve cast or glued onto the anchor rod. In the latter case, the radial compression also considerably improves the transmission of force between the sleeve and the anchor rod.

Aus der FR-A- 1 197 548 ist es bekannt, Vorspann-Stahlstäbe für armierten Beton über längsgeschlitzte Hülsen mit "verkehrtem" Sägezahngewinde mit einem Spannelement zu verbinden. Die Hülse hat in ihrer Bohrung Zähne zur Verbesserung des Kraftschlusses mit dem Stahlstab. Das Gewinde ist allerdings steil und eignet sich nicht zum Anziehen unter Last. Um eine Axialverschiebung der Hülsen auf den Stahlstäben zu verhindern, sind die Stäbe an ihren Enden verdickt.From FR-A-1 197 548 it is known to connect prestressing steel bars for reinforced concrete via longitudinally slotted sleeves with a "wrong" sawtooth thread to a tensioning element. The sleeve has teeth in its bore to improve the frictional connection with the steel rod. However, the thread is steep and is not suitable for tightening under Load. In order to prevent axial displacement of the sleeves on the steel bars, the bars are thickened at their ends.

Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Darin zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Axialschnitt durch einen Klebeanker,
  • Fig. 2 einen Axialschnitt nach der Linie II-II in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt durch das Stabende in vergrössertem Massstab,
  • Fig. 4 eine Variante der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2, und
  • Fig. 5 eine Stirnansicht der Druckmutter.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. In it show:
  • 1 shows an axial section through an adhesive anchor,
  • 2 shows an axial section along the line II-II in FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a section through the rod end on an enlarged scale,
  • Fig. 4 shows a variant of the embodiment of FIG. 2, and
  • Fig. 5 is an end view of the pressure nut.

Der dargestellte Anker ist als Klebeanker ausgebildet. Der Ankerstab 1 besteht aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff. An dem ins Bohrloch einzuführenden Ende sind zwei Hohlkehlen 51 im spitzen Winkel zur Stabachse geschnitten, wodurch zwei Schneidkanten 53 zum Aufschneiden der den Zweikomponentenkleber enthaltenden Plastikbeutel gebildet sind. Durch diese Ausbildung der Schnittkanten wird erreicht, dass sich die leeren Plastikbeutel nicht einseitig zwischen Ankerstab 1 und Bohrlochwand verkeilen.The anchor shown is designed as an adhesive anchor. The anchor rod 1 consists of glass fiber reinforced plastic. At the end to be inserted into the borehole, two fillets 51 are cut at an acute angle to the rod axis, as a result of which two cutting edges 53 are formed for cutting open the plastic bags containing the two-component adhesive. This design of the cut edges ensures that that the empty plastic bags are not wedged on one side between anchor rod 1 and the borehole wall.

Am freien Ende ist auf den Ankerstab 1 bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 und 3 eine Gewindehülse 3 aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff aufgesetzt. Das Gewinde ist sägezahnförmig und hat flach gegen das ins Bohrloch einzuführende Ende des Ankerstabes 1 geneigte Flanken 31 und steile, gegen das freie Ankerstabende gerichtete Flanken 33. Durch diese Ausbildung des Gewindes wird erreicht, dass sich die Gewindegänge der Hülse 3 beim Anziehen einer Druckmutter 5 zwischen einem Gewindekörper 11 der Mutter 5 und dem Ankerstab 1 verkeilen. Die Gewindegänge werden also radial an den Ankerstab 1 gepresst. Versuche haben gezeigt, dass durch diese radiale Pressung des Ankerstabes 1 nicht nur die Kraftübertragung zwischen der Hülse 3 und dem Ankerstab 1, sondern auch die Kraftübertragung innerhalb des Ankerstabes 1 erheblich verbessert wird.At the free end, a threaded sleeve 3 made of glass fiber reinforced plastic is placed on the anchor rod 1 in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 3. The thread is sawtooth-shaped and has flanks 31 which are inclined flat against the end of the anchor rod 1 to be inserted into the borehole and steep flanks 33 which are directed towards the free end of the anchor rod wedge between a threaded body 11 of the nut 5 and the anchor rod 1. The threads are therefore pressed radially onto the anchor rod 1. Experiments have shown that this radial pressing of the anchor rod 1 not only considerably improves the force transmission between the sleeve 3 and the anchor rod 1, but also the force transmission within the anchor rod 1.

Die Wandstärke 35 zwischen dem Gewindegrund 34 und der Innenwand 38 der Hülse 3 ist sehr gering, also wesentlich kleiner als die Wandstärke 37 zwischen dem Gewindekamm 36 und der Innenwand 38. Damit wird erreicht, dass bei starker Dehnung des Ankerstabes 1 die Hülse 3 wendelförmig längs des Gewindegrundes 34 reisst. Da die einzelnen Gewindegänge der Hülse 3 zwischen der Mutter 5 und dem Ankerstab 1 verkeilt sind, bleibt die Kraftübertragung erhalten und es wird verhindert, dass sich der Ankerstab 1 von der Bohrlochseite her von der Hülse 3 abschälen kann.The wall thickness 35 between the thread base 34 and the inner wall 38 of the sleeve 3 is very small, that is to say substantially smaller than the wall thickness 37 between the thread comb 36 and the inner wall 38. This ensures that the sleeve 3 is helically longitudinal along with a strong expansion of the anchor rod 1 of the thread base 34 tears. Since the individual threads of the sleeve 3 between the nut 5 and the anchor rod 1 ver are wedged, the power transmission is maintained and it is prevented that the anchor rod 1 can peel from the borehole side of the sleeve 3.

Die Hülse 3 kann auf den Ankerstab 1 aufgeklebt oder aufgegossen sein. Bei sehr flachem Winkel der Flanken 31 reicht unter Umständen auch ein Pressitz. Die Hülse 3 hat axiale Längsnuten oder Längsschlitze 30, damit sie ungehindert radial komprimiert werden kann.The sleeve 3 can be glued or cast onto the anchor rod 1. If the flanks 31 have a very flat angle, a press fit may also be sufficient. The sleeve 3 has axial longitudinal grooves or slots 30 so that it can be radially compressed unimpeded.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 4 ist das Gewinde 2 direkt in den Ankerstab 1 geschnitten. Versuche haben ergeben, dass durch die flachen, vom freien Stabende abgewandten Flanken 31 des Gewindes die Kraftübertragung innerhalb des Ankerstabes 1 wesentlich verbessert wird. Die in einer Matrix aus Kunstharz eingebetteten, parallel zur Stabachse verlaufenden Glasfasern haben nämlich eine ausgeprägte Anisotropie der Festigkeitswerte des Stabes 1 zur Folge. Die Scherfestigkeit parallel zu den Fasern ist relativ gering, kann jedoch durch radiale Kompression erheblich gesteigert werden. Deshalb ist die Bruchlast, bei welcher die Gewindegänge abscheren, bei der erfindungsgemässen Ausbildung des Gewindes 2 erheblich höher als bei einem normalen Gewinde.In the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the thread 2 is cut directly into the anchor rod 1. Tests have shown that the force transmission within the anchor rod 1 is significantly improved by the flat flanks 31 of the thread facing away from the free rod end. This is because the glass fibers embedded in a matrix of synthetic resin and running parallel to the rod axis result in a pronounced anisotropy in the strength values of the rod 1. The shear strength parallel to the fibers is relatively low, but can be increased considerably by radial compression. Therefore, the breaking load at which the threads shear is considerably higher when the thread 2 is designed according to the invention than with a normal thread.

Die Druckmutter 5 besteht ebenfalls aus glasfaserverstärktem Kunststoff und hat einen zylindrischen Gewindekörper 11, von welchem radiale Rippen 25 abstehen. Stirnseitig enden die Rippen 25 in je einem Stützflanschsegment 19 mit konvex sphärischer Aussenfläche 21. Die Segmente 19 sind durch Radialschlitze 20 voneinander getrennt. Durch diese Ausbildung ergeben die Auflagedrücke auf die Aussenfläche 21 über die Rippen 25 radiale Kompressionskräfte auf den Gewindekörper 11, welche den Spreizkräften des Sägezahngewindes 2 entgegenwirken. Die Wand des Gewindekörpers 11 wird also in radialer Richtung komprimiert, was eine elastische Verlängerung des Gewindekörpers 11 in Achsrichtung proportional zur Last bewirkt. Durch geeignete Dimensionierung kann diese elastische Verlängerung jener des Ankerstabes 1 unter Last angepasst werden, sodass alle Gewindegänge gleich viel tragen. Damit wird eine ideale Kraftübertragung von der Druckmutter 5 auf den Ankerstab 1 erreicht.The pressure nut 5 is also made of glass fiber reinforced plastic and has a cylindrical threaded body 11, from which radial ribs 25 protrude. On the face side, the ribs 25 each end in a support flange segment 19 with a convex spherical outer surface 21. The segments 19 are separated from one another by radial slots 20. As a result of this design, the contact pressures on the outer surface 21 via the ribs 25 result in radial compression forces on the threaded body 11, which counteract the expansion forces of the sawtooth thread 2. The wall of the threaded body 11 is thus compressed in the radial direction, which causes an elastic extension of the threaded body 11 in the axial direction proportional to the load. By suitable dimensioning, this elastic extension of that of the anchor rod 1 can be adapted under load, so that all threads carry the same amount. An ideal power transmission from the pressure nut 5 to the anchor rod 1 is thus achieved.

Die Mutter ist aussen durch einen Deckel 13 abgeschlossen. Am Rand des Deckels 13 erstreckt sich eine axiale Umfangsnut 15. Zwischen dem Grund der Nut 15 und dem Grund der Gewindebohrung 17 ist die Wandstärke der Mutter gering, sodass hier eine Sollbruchstelle 9 ausgebildet ist. Die Sollbruchstelle 9 ist stark genug bemessen, um das zum Mischen des Zweikomponentenki-ebers erforderliche Drehmoment von der Mutter 5 auf den Ankerstab 1 zu übertragen. Nach dem Aushärten des Klebers bricht beim Weiterdrehen der Mutter 5 die Sollbruchstelle 9, sodass die Mutter 5 angezogen werden kann.The mother is closed on the outside by a cover 13. An axial circumferential groove 15 extends at the edge of the cover 13. The wall thickness of the nut is small between the bottom of the groove 15 and the bottom of the threaded bore 17, so that a predetermined breaking point 9 is formed here. The predetermined breaking point 9 is dimensioned strong enough to withstand the torque required for mixing the two-component boar from the nut 5 to transfer the anchor rod 1. After the adhesive has hardened, the predetermined breaking point 9 breaks when the nut 5 is turned further, so that the nut 5 can be tightened.

Die Mutter 5 stützt sich gegen eine Ankerplatte 7 ab, die einen Tragflansch 41 mit einer sphärischen Tragfläche 47 aufweist. Am Tragflansch 41 sind radiale und ringförmige Rippen 45, 43 angeordnet, die eine Art Knautschzone bilden, damit sich der Tragflansch gleichmässig längs seines Umfangs an der Wand des Hohlraumes abstützen kann. Durch die sphärischen Flächen 21, 47 wird eine Biegebeanspruchung des Ankerstabes 1 vermieden.The nut 5 is supported against an anchor plate 7, which has a support flange 41 with a spherical support surface 47. Radial and annular ribs 45, 43 are arranged on the support flange 41, which form a kind of crumple zone, so that the support flange can be supported uniformly along its circumference on the wall of the cavity. The spherical surfaces 21, 47 prevent bending of the anchor rod 1.

Die Begrenzung des Eindrehmomentes durch den über die Sollbruchstelle 9 mit dem Gewindekörper 11 verbundenen Deckel 13 ist allgemein bei Klebeankern anwendbar, unabhängig von der Gewindeform und dem Material des Ankerstabes 1. Da das maximal übertragbare Drehmoment durch diese Sollbruchstelle relativ exakt definiert ist, kann sichergestellt werden, dass einerseits das zum Vermischen des Klebers erforderliche Dreh- moment sicher aufgebracht werden kann, dass aber andererseits nach dem Aushärten des Klebers der Ankerstab beim Weiterdrehen der Mutter nicht überlastet wird.The limitation of the screwing-in torque by the cover 13 connected to the threaded body 11 via the predetermined breaking point 9 is generally applicable to adhesive anchors, irrespective of the thread shape and the material of the anchor rod 1. Since the maximum transferable torque is relatively exactly defined by this predetermined breaking point, this can be ensured can be, on the one hand the required roe for mixing the adhesive D moment applied sure, but that the armature rod is not overloaded during further rotation of the nut on the other hand, after curing of the adhesive.

Claims (9)

1. Anker zur Sicherung von Wänden in Hohlraumbauten, mit einem Ankerstab (1) aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff, der an seinem ersten Ende ein sägezahnförmiges Gewinde (2) aufweist, und mit einer auf das Gewinde aufgeschraubten Druckmutter (5), die sich gegen eine Druckplatte (7) abstützt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vom ersten Ende des Ankerstabes (1) abgewandten Flanken (31) des Gewindes (2) wesentlich flacher sind als die dem ersten Ende zugewandten Flanken (33).1. Anchor for securing walls in cavity structures, with an anchor rod (1) made of fiber-reinforced plastic, which has a sawtooth-shaped thread (2) at its first end, and with a pressure nut (5) screwed onto the thread, which rests against a pressure plate (7), characterized in that the flanks (31) of the thread (2) facing away from the first end of the anchor rod (1) are substantially flatter than the flanks (33) facing the first end. 2. Anker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gewinde (2) in den Ankerstab (1) geschnitten ist.2. Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the thread (2) in the anchor rod (1) is cut. 3. Anker nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gewinde (2) auf einer auf den Ankerstab (1) aufgesetzten Gewindehülse (3) geformt ist.3. Anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the thread (2) is formed on a threaded sleeve (3) placed on the anchor rod (1). 4. Anker nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gewindehülse (3) Längsschlitze (30) aufweist.4. Anchor according to claim 3, characterized in that the threaded sleeve (3) has longitudinal slots (30). 5. Anker nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wandstärke (35) zwischen dem Gewindegrund (34) und der Bohrungswand (38) der Gewindehülse (3) wesentlich geringer ist als die Wandstärke (37) zwischen dem Gewindekamm (36) und der Bohrungswand (38).5. Anchor according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the wall thickness (35) between the thread base (34) and the bore wall (38) of the threaded sleeve (3) is substantially less than the wall thickness (37) between the thread comb (36) and the bore wall (38). 6. Anker nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckmutter (5) einen zylindrischen Gewindekörper (11) aufweist, von welchem radiale Rippen (25) abstehen, die an ihrer vom ersten Ende des Ankerstabes (1)abgewandten Stirnseite in konvex-sphärische Stützflanschsegmente (19) übergehen, welche durch Radialschlitze (20) voneinander getrennt sind.6. Anchor according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the pressure nut (5) has a cylindrical threaded body (11), from which radial ribs (25) protrude, which on its end facing away from the first end of the anchor rod (1) merge into convex-spherical support flange segments (19) which are separated from one another by radial slots (20). 7. Anker nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er als Klebeanker ausgebildet ist, und dass die Gewindebohrung (17) des Gewindekörpers (11) einenends durch einen mit dem Gewindekörper (11) über eine Sollbruchstelle (9) einstückig verbundenen Deckel (13) abgeschlossen ist.7. Anchor according to claim 6, characterized in that it is designed as an adhesive anchor, and that the threaded bore (17) of the threaded body (11) at one end through a cover (13) integrally connected to the threaded body (11) via a predetermined breaking point (9). is completed. 8. Anker nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sollbruchstelle (9) durch eine ringförmige Nut (15) gebildet ist, deren Grund benachbart zur Peripherie des Gewindebohrungsgrundes angeordnet ist.8. Anchor according to claim 7, characterized in that the predetermined breaking point (9) is formed by an annular groove (15), the bottom of which is arranged adjacent to the periphery of the threaded bore base. 9. Anker nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, der als Klebeanker ausgebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am zweiten Ende des Ankerstabes (1) zwei geneigt zur Stabachse verlaufende Hohlkehlen (51) ausgebildet sind, die mit der Umfangsfläche des Ankerstabes Schnittkanten (53) bilden.9. Anchor according to one of claims 1 to 8, which is designed as an adhesive anchor, characterized in that at the second end of the anchor rod (1) two grooves (51) which are inclined to the rod axis are formed and which have cut edges (53) with the peripheral surface of the anchor rod ) form.
EP85810585A 1985-01-17 1985-12-10 Anchor for wall consolidation in cavity structures Expired EP0188174B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85810585T ATE36035T1 (en) 1985-01-17 1985-12-10 ANCHORS FOR SECURING WALLS IN CAVITY STRUCTURES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH247/85 1985-01-17
CH24785 1985-01-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0188174A1 true EP0188174A1 (en) 1986-07-23
EP0188174B1 EP0188174B1 (en) 1988-07-27

Family

ID=4182651

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EP85810585A Expired EP0188174B1 (en) 1985-01-17 1985-12-10 Anchor for wall consolidation in cavity structures

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Country Link
US (1) US4664573A (en)
EP (1) EP0188174B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61165497A (en)
AT (1) ATE36035T1 (en)
AU (1) AU579703B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1250162A (en)
DE (1) DE3564005D1 (en)
DK (1) DK21086A (en)
ES (1) ES8702591A1 (en)
NO (1) NO855287L (en)
ZA (1) ZA86165B (en)

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AU579703B2 (en) * 1985-01-17 1988-12-08 H. Weidmann Ag Mine wall support anchor
EP0383723A1 (en) * 1989-02-06 1990-08-22 H. Weidmann AG Method, anchoring element and tensioning device for tensioning a rod
DE102009039919A1 (en) 2009-09-03 2011-03-10 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Fastening element and method for producing a fastening element

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EP0255392B1 (en) * 1986-07-30 1991-05-22 Du Pont (Australia) Ltd.. Reinforcing method and means
DE3902727A1 (en) * 1989-01-31 1990-08-02 Willich F Gmbh & Co Glass-fibre-reinforced, resin-bedded roof bolt
EP0403940B1 (en) * 1989-06-14 1994-05-11 Applied Research Of Australia Pty. Ltd. High strength fibre reinforced polymeric fasteners having threads, for example a nut and bolt
US20100266345A1 (en) * 2009-03-26 2010-10-21 Fci Holdings Delaware, Inc. Engagement head for tensioning assembly
CN101892851B (en) * 2010-06-29 2012-08-29 武汉科技大学 Metal mine anchor rod support method
CN101892855A (en) * 2010-06-29 2010-11-24 武汉科技大学 Glass fiber reinforced plastics anchor rod with high bearing capacity for metal mines
CN105443543B (en) * 2015-11-24 2018-04-27 游奕华 Tapered thread auxiliary connection
CN105443542B (en) * 2015-11-24 2018-06-15 游奕华 Conical external screw thread and screw thread hole connection structure
CN105443549B (en) * 2015-11-24 2018-06-15 游奕华 Conical internal thread and threaded post connection structure
CN105443546B (en) * 2015-11-24 2018-06-19 游奕华 The tapered thread body of bolt and tapered thread nut

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AU579703B2 (en) * 1985-01-17 1988-12-08 H. Weidmann Ag Mine wall support anchor
EP0383723A1 (en) * 1989-02-06 1990-08-22 H. Weidmann AG Method, anchoring element and tensioning device for tensioning a rod
DE102009039919A1 (en) 2009-09-03 2011-03-10 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Fastening element and method for producing a fastening element
EP2295719A2 (en) 2009-09-03 2011-03-16 HILTI Aktiengesellschaft Fixing element and method for manufacturing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4664573A (en) 1987-05-12
NO855287L (en) 1986-07-18
AU579703B2 (en) 1988-12-08
ATE36035T1 (en) 1988-08-15
CA1250162A (en) 1989-02-21
AU5243186A (en) 1986-07-24
DK21086A (en) 1986-07-18
ES550973A0 (en) 1987-01-01
EP0188174B1 (en) 1988-07-27
ES8702591A1 (en) 1987-01-01
DK21086D0 (en) 1986-01-16
JPH0520559B2 (en) 1993-03-19
DE3564005D1 (en) 1988-09-01
JPS61165497A (en) 1986-07-26
ZA86165B (en) 1986-09-24

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