EP0187311A1 - Reel for a wire or cable coil - Google Patents

Abstract

A reel for a wire or cable coil has a reel core and an upper and a lower flange, the casing of the core consisting of radially movable segments articulated at one of their ends on one of the flanges. The core together with one of the flanges and the other flange can be separated from one another. On its inside, the core (2) has at least one sliding track (30) for each segment (3) for the purpose of spreading the segments (3). At least one sliding piece (4) having a spreading effect on the sliding tracks (30) is arranged inside the core (2) so as to be axially displaceable from outside. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a coil for a wire or cable coil with a coil core and an upper and a lower flange, wherein the shell of the core consists of radially movable, with one of its ends hinged to one of the flanges segments, and wherein the core with the one of the flanges and the other flange are separable.

After their manufacture, wires or cables are usually wound into so-called coils on drums or coils and are also stored, transported and used in this form. As a result, a very large number of coils is required, which also often have to be transported empty, which means a great deal of material and transport costs.

In order to reduce the effort described, coils have been developed, one flange of which can be separated from the other flange together with the coil core and in which the diameter of the core is variable by means of radial movement of core segments. This can, for. B. the upper flange with the core can be pulled out of the finished wound coil and only the lower flange remains in the manner of a transport pallet under the coil, or the coil can be lifted off after removing the upper flange.

Known coils of the type described have in their core an externally operable toggle lever mechanism, which causes the segments of the core to be spread apart or retracted. A disadvantage of such coils is the very high mechanical outlay and the necessary great accuracy and freedom from play of the joints of the toggle mechanism. These are absolutely necessary in order to enable a safe winding of the coil at high speed, because non-roundness of the core would result in quality losses due to the resulting tension fluctuations in the wire or cable. Because of the high forces required to spread the segments against the forces that occur when wrapping with wire or cable, the joints are subject to heavy wear and therefore require a high level of maintenance and repair. In addition, such toggle mechanisms tend to self-lock, i. H. too stiff or even blocking with the result of damage or even destruction of the mechanics or parts thereof. In addition, the high manufacturing costs are another disadvantage.

It is therefore the task of creating a coil of the type mentioned, which avoids the disadvantages mentioned and in particular requires less mechanical effort, is stable and low in wear, is easy to operate, ensures an exact roundness of the core, and is versatile in use is.

The object is achieved according to the invention by a coil of the type mentioned in the introduction, in which the core has at least one slideway in its interior for spreading out the segments, and in the inside of the core at least one slider which acts to expand the slideways from the outside axially is slidably arranged.

A spool according to the invention advantageously does not require an expensive and wear-prone lever mechanism. The displacement of the slider is a very simple movement in which, with the appropriate design and lubrication of the interacting parts, only very little friction occurs. Another advantage for functional reliability and wear reduction is that the interacting parts can be designed so that the force transmission takes place on large areas, so that there is a favorable low specific area load. Because of the mechanically simpler design, the manufacturing and maintenance costs are also significantly reduced.

In a first preferred embodiment of the invention, the coil is characterized in that the slideways of the segments form an annular surface which is arranged on the inside thereof at the end opposite the articulated end and which narrows in the direction of the center of the coil and that the slider forms a one to the annular surface matching conical surface. In this coil, the segments are spread out in a simple manner by inserting the cone into the ring surface formed by the segment ends, which leads to the desired spreading of the segments, which also withstands high counter-forces. In order to achieve the simplest possible construction of the coil, the slide in the form of the cone is expediently arranged on the side of the flange adjacent to the ring surface facing the core. In this case, the flange and cone are moved together to spread the segments.

A second advantageous embodiment of the coil according to the invention consists in that at least one roller is rotatably mounted on the inside of each segment, the plane of rotation of which intersects the longitudinal axis of the coil, and the side of the circumference facing away from the segment is the slideway forms, on which the slider rests. In this embodiment, direct sliding of force-transmitting parts on one another is avoided and replaced by a rolling process.

In a modification of the second embodiment of the coil, it is provided in a third embodiment that at least one roller is rotatably mounted on the outside of the slider for each segment, the plane of rotation of which intersects the longitudinal axis of the coil and whose side of the circumference facing the segment lies against the slideway on the inside of the segment. This version also offers the advantage of the rolling movement of the force-transmitting parts against one another. This advantage is offset by a somewhat higher mechanical outlay than the first embodiment requires.

All versions have in common the advantage that much fewer moving individual parts are required in the coil and that only a sliding or rolling relative movement of the components required for the spreading of the segments occurs. Compared to coils according to the prior art, the wear is significantly less and in all versions of the coil according to the invention, the required high forces can be transmitted without clamping or self-locking occurring.

The sliding piece is advantageously displaced by moving a central axis or rod in the longitudinal direction of the coil. This means that there is only a single operating element and the same displacement of all sliding pieces is ensured. A one-piece design of the slide piece in a component with a passage for the central axis or rod is particularly advantageous.

For the simultaneous generation of a connection of the core and the first flange with the second flange and a spreading of the segments, it is provided that the displacement of the central axis takes place by turning in at least one central threaded bore, that the axis has a head provided with a stop at its free end has that the axis is rotatably mounted in the flange adjacent to its head with limited axial play sufficient for its displacement and that the threaded bore is arranged on or in the other of the two flanges. So there is no need to exert pressure and tensile forces on the outside of the coil, but only a simple rotation of the axis for both purposes, which can even be done by hand.

In order to move the slider in both directions with as little friction as possible, it is provided to couple the axle to the slider in such a way that the axle is easily rotatable when the slider is not rotatable. For this purpose, a friction-reducing, pressure-bearing sliding or rolling bearing is advantageously used for the transmission of the forces between the axle and the sliding piece or the flange carrying the sliding piece, which prevents direct sliding of force-transmitting surfaces on one another and the associated high friction and wear values.

It is further provided that in the interior of the core, preferably between the axis and the segments, elastic elements withdrawing the segments from their spreading position, e.g. B. steel tension springs are arranged. In addition, a defined outer diameter of the core, which corresponds to the state of displacement of the axis or of the slider, is always achieved.

In addition, the core of the coil can have stops to limit the inward deflection of the segments. These prevent the segments from pivoting too far inwards for the introduction of the sliding piece.

After placing the two parts of the coil on top of each other before connecting the two parts, the lower end of the axis is no longer visible and accessible. This makes it very difficult to precisely position the end of the axis above the threaded hole in the lower flange. To remedy this, the hole expediently has a conical entry, which ensures secure centering of the axis and hole.

For a quick winding of the coil, whether with the coil at rest in the bundle packer or with the coil rotating, an exact roundness of the outer surface of the core is required. In addition to the measures described so far, this is achieved in that at least the flange arranged on the free end of the segments that is not articulated on the core has an annular groove in its core-side surface, into which the ends of the segments engage and that the outer groove edge has one Stop forms for the segments in the spread state.

To ensure the simultaneity of the maximum spread of the segments and the firm tension of the two parts of the coil in the designs with rollers in the core, it is advisable to insert an effective stop ring for the stop at the head of the flange adjacent to the head of the axis Axis inserted.

A simple actuation of the central axis and at the same time a possibility for attachment z. B. a crane rope or hook is achieved by a provided at the upper end of the axis eyelet or similar sling.

To secure the coil before removal from the core of the coil or before pulling the core out of the coil, the two flanges expediently have congruent, radial slots and the outer surface of the core is aligned with the slots. These allow the passage of packaging bandages, e.g. B. steel strap, for tying the coil. To ensure the alignment of slots and grooves, the core and the flange separable therefrom advantageously have means for setting and defining a defined angular position relative to one another before they are connected to one another. These funds can e.g. B. engaging in the radial slots projecting bolts or lugs.

To secure the first layer of the wire or cable on the spool at the start of winding, the outer surface of the core is at least partially provided with a friction-increasing, elastic material. This can e.g. B. in longitudinally running shallow grooves glued sponge rubber strips, the thickness of which is slightly larger when unloaded than the depth of the grooves.

Lifting off the coil or pulling out the core and upper flange of the coil after winding the coil is made possible by withdrawing the previously spread segments of the core and thus reducing the diameter. A further ease of lifting or pulling out is achieved in that the core is conical and that the core with one flange and the other flanges on the narrow side of the core are separable. Another advantage that arises here is that the finished coil lying on the side with the larger winding diameter receives a favorable, stable position.

Known coils are made of appropriately shaped metal plates by welding and require a lot of time and work. In contrast, in an advantageous embodiment, the segments of the coil according to the invention are made of cast metal. There are special advantages if the core is also cast in one piece and only after mechanical processing, e.g. B. turning, its outer surface and its end faces is divided into the segments. The manufacturing effort is significantly reduced with improved mechanical accuracy of the coil.

Furthermore, the core of the coil can have an inner gripper for lifting the coil from the lower flange in the embodiment with the core which can be pulled out upwards. It is therefore possible either to pull the core out of the coil, or to lift the core and upper flange together with the coil from the lower flange by activating the inner gripper.

Finally, in order to reduce the coil height for the winding of small quantity coils, there is the possibility that the coil has an intermediate flange parallel to its two flanges and arranged between them, with a central circular opening for the core and with fastening means for a releasable, preferably variable-distance connection to a of the two flanges.

• Figur 1 einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine Spule gemäß Erfindung in einer ersten Ausführungsform, rechts von der.Mittelachse im Zustand mit abgespreizten Segmenten und links von der Mittelachse im Zustand mit zurückgezogenen Segmenten,
• Figur 2 einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform der Spule, mit Rollen, links von der Mittelachse im Zustand mit abgespreizten Segmenten und rechts von der Mittelachse im Zustand mit zurückgezogenen Segmenten,
• Figur 3 einen Horizontalschnitt durch die Spule gemäß Figur 2 oberhalb der Rollen
• Figur 4 eine Draufsicht auf eine Hälfte eines symmetrischen oberen Flansches und
• Figur 5 einen Vertikalschnitt durch eine anstelle einer Rolle einsetz-* Wie die Figur 1 zeigt, besteht die erfindungsgemäße Spule 1 im wesentlichen aus einem Kern 2 mit einem oberen Flansch 9 und einem unteren Flansch 12. In diesem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel sind am unteren Flansch 12 Segmente 3 in Schwenklagern 24 angelenkt, die den Außenmantel des Spulenkerns 2 bilden. Der Kern 2 der Spule 1 läuft nach oben hin konisch zu. Am oberen Ende 31 der Segmente 3 ist an deren Innenseite eine sich nach unten konisch verengende Gleitbahn 30 angeordnet, auf welcher ein Konus 4 mit einer zu der Ringfläche 30' der Gleitbahnen 30 passenden Außenfläche 40 gleitend verschiebbar ist. Bei dieser Verschiebung des Konus 4 kommt es zu einer Abspreizung der Segmente 3 nach außen. Der Zustand der Spule 1 vor der Verschiebung, d. h. mit nach innen verschwenkten Segmenten 3, ist in der linken Hälfte der ^* bare Gleitkufe.

Preferred exemplary embodiments of the coil according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing. The individual shows:

• 1 shows a vertical section through a coil according to the invention in a first embodiment, to the right of the central axis in the state with the segments spread apart and to the left of the central axis in the state with the segments withdrawn,
• FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through a second embodiment of the coil, with rollers, to the left of the central axis in the state with the segments spread apart and to the right of the central axis in the state with the segments withdrawn,
• 3 shows a horizontal section through the coil according to FIG. 2 above the rollers
• Figure 4 is a plan view of one half of a symmetrical upper flange and
• 5 shows a vertical section through an insert instead of a roller. As FIG. 1 shows, the coil 1 according to the invention essentially consists of a core 2 with an upper flange 9 and a lower flange 12. In this first exemplary embodiment there are 12 segments on the lower flange 3 articulated in pivot bearings 24, which form the outer jacket of the coil core 2. The core 2 of the coil 1 tapers towards the top. At the upper end 31 of the segments 3, a downwardly conically narrowing slideway 30 is arranged on the inside thereof, on which a cone 4 with an outer surface 40 matching the annular surface 30 'of the slideways 30 can be slid. With this displacement of the cone 4, the segments 3 are spread outward. The state of the coil 1 before the shift, ie with inwardly pivoted segments 3, in the left half of bare ^* skid.

Figure 1 shows the state of the coil 1 after the shift, d. H. with segments 3 pivoted outwards, is shown in the right part of FIG. 1.

As can further be seen from FIG. 1. is, the cone 4 is fixedly connected to the core-facing surface 9 'of the upper flange 9. The cone or the upper flange 9 is displaced by a central axis 7 which is rotatably mounted in the upper flange 9 in a sliding guide 8. At its lower end 7 ¹ , the axis 7 is provided with a thread. At its upper end 7 ", the axis 7 has a stop ring 27 and an eyelet 17 for a crane hook or a crane rope. The displacement of the upper flange 9 with the slide 4 designed as a cone takes place by lowering the axis 7 and screwing it into a central one Bore 13 with a thread 13 '. The threaded bore 13 is arranged in an attachment 23', which in turn is constructed on a support 23 which is fixedly connected to the lower flange 12.

As can be seen from the comparison of the two halves of FIG. 1, when the segments 3 are spread apart when the axle 7 is screwed into the threaded bore 13, the upper flange 9 is also braced firmly against the core 2 with the lower flange 12. A roller bearing 10 arranged in the sliding guide 8 is used to transmit the high forces which occur when the two coil parts 9 or 2 and 12 are braced. After screwing in the axis 7, the entire coil 1, In the unscrewed state of the central axis 7 and thus the upper flange 9 detached from the core 2, this can also be lifted off by means of the eyelet 17. This is made possible by the fact that on the axis 7 below the sliding guide 8 another Stop 27 ^{1 is} arranged, which prevents the axis 7 from being pulled out of the sliding guide 8 upwards.

For the safe insertion of the end 7 ′ of the axis 7 into the threaded bore 13, the latter has a. Conically narrowing insertion 14. To ensure the backward movement of the spread segments 3 when the cone 4 moves out of the slideway 30, 13 return springs 11, preferably steel tension springs, are arranged between the inner sides of the segments 3 and the attachment 23 'with the central threaded bore. In order to ensure that the diameter of the annular surface 30 'at the upper end 31 of the segments 3 remains sufficiently large for the insertion of the cone 4, adjustable stops 21 are provided on the carrier 23 inside the core 2 and projecting outwards therefrom Limit the swiveling movement of the segments 3 under the action of the springs 11 to the inside. To limit the movement of the segments outwards and to ensure an exact roundness of the outer surface 2 'of the core 2, annular grooves are provided in the surfaces of the two flanges facing the core, in which the ends of the segments 3 engage. Such an annular groove 16 is shown by way of example in the side 12 ′ of the lower flange 12 facing the core. The outside edge 16 'of the groove 16 forms a stop circle for the lower end 32 of the segments 3 when they move outwards. The core-facing side 9 'of the upper flange 9 can be designed in the same way.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the second embodiment of the coil 1 according to the invention also consists of a core 2 with an upper flange 9 and a lower flange 12. In this embodiment, however, the segments 3, which form the outer jacket of the coil core 2, are at the top Flange 9 hinged in bearings 24. Inside the core 2 are on the inside of the segments 3 rolls 5 stored. These rollers 5 run on their side facing away from the segment on a conical slider 4 which is displaceable in the direction of the longitudinal axis 6 of the coil. The sliding piece 4 is moved by moving a central axis 7 in a sliding guide 8 in the upper flange 9 up to an adjustable stop 8 ¹ . A roller bearing 10 is inserted between the axis 7 and the slider 4, which reduces the friction during the transmission of the compressive forces. The running surfaces for the rollers 5 on the slider 4 are designed in the exemplary embodiment as grooves in which the rollers 5 run. A rotation of the slider 4 with the axis 7 is thus excluded, whereas the axis 7 is easily rotatable. Tension springs 11 are arranged below the rollers 5 and the slider 4, one end of which is connected to the inside of a segment 3 and the other end of which is slidably connected to the axis 7. The springs 11 also serve here to retract the segments 3 when the slider 4 moves back in the direction of the upper flange 9 of the coil 1. The central axis 7 also has a thread 13 'at its lower end 7' which is used when the axis is rotated 7 engages in the corresponding threaded bore 13 in the lower flange 12. For secure positioning of the lower end 7 'of the axis 7 above the threaded bore 13, this again has a conically narrowing insertion 14.

Furthermore, the lower flange 12 has on its core-side surface 12 'the annular groove 16, in which the lower ends 32 of the segments 3 engage. A corresponding annular groove 15 is also found in this exemplary embodiment on the core-side surface 9 'of the upper bottle 9 for receiving the upper ends 31 of the segments 3.

In half of FIG. 2 to the left of the longitudinal axis 6 of the coil 1 is the state with the segments 3 spread apart shown. The slider 4 is moved into its lowest position by rotating the central axis 7 in the threaded bore 13. As a result, the segments 3 are spread outward over the rollers 5 and rest with their upper ends 31 and lower ends 32 on the outer edges 15 'and 16' of the annular grooves 15 and 16. The outer edges 15 'and 16' of the grooves 15 and 16 in the flanges 9 and 12 form an exactly circular stop for the ends 31 and 32 of the segments 3 and thus ensure
for an exact roundness of the core 2 of the coil 1, even when rotating at high speed.

In half of FIG. 2 to the right of the longitudinal axis 6 of the coil, the state with the segments 3 withdrawn is shown. The slider is now moved into its uppermost position and the springs 11 ensure that the segments 3 are retracted in the direction of the center of the core 2. The diameter of the core 2 of the coil 1 is hereby reduced to a sufficient extent to remove the core 2 from the to pull out the wound coil or to lift a coil wound around the core. Means at the lower end 32 of the segment 3, in the exemplary embodiment a bolt 22, which engages in an associated opening 22 ′ in the lower flange 12 serve for the exact determination of the angle of rotation between the core 2 and the lower flange 12. The inward deflection is limited by limiting means 21 ' ^*

FIG. 3 shows a section in a horizontal plane through the core 2 of the coil 1 according to FIG. 2 above the rollers 5. The rollers 5 are mounted on the inner sides of the segments 3 and run with their side facing away from the segment on the slide 4. In the center, the rotatable axis 7 for displacing the slide 4 can be seen. On the outside of the coil core 2 there are grooves 19 which are delimited by slots *.

in the flanges 9 and 12 and serve to carry out packaging bandages. Furthermore, an edition of an elastic, friction-increasing material 20, for. B. foam rubber, shown, which serves to secure the lowest winding position against slipping.

In the plan view of a half of the symmetrical upper flange 9 shown in FIG. 4, the slots 18 already mentioned can be seen, which are aligned with the grooves 19 in the outside of the core 2 and are used for the passage of packaging bandages for securing the wound coil. The lower flange 12 also has slots which are aligned with the slots 18 of the upper flange 9 and the grooves 19 in the outside 2 'of the core 2 and also serve to carry out packaging bandages.

Finally, FIG. 5 shows a skid 5 'in vertical section. These skids 5 'can be used instead of the rollers 5 in the coil design according to FIGS. 2 and 3. The runners 5 'have a central bore 50, the diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the bearing bore of the roller 5. The runner 5 'advantageously has four sliding surfaces 51, one of which abuts the sliding piece 4. Subsequent wear can be used by turning the skid a new sliding surface without disassembling the coil. Due to the mobility of the runners 5 'around their central bores 50, an optimal surface contact between the runners 5' and the slider 4 is always ensured, so that even very large forces are transferred gently.

With the present invention, a coil is created that is both mechanically simple and stable and low-wear. In addition, the coil according to the invention can be realized in various designs, which results in a variety of possible uses. So For example, the coils can be provided with a core that tapers conically upwards or downwards and with corresponding separation options for the core and one of the flanges.

Claims (23)

1. Coil for a wire or cable coil with a coil core and an upper and a lower flange, wherein the shell of the core consists of radially movable segments with one of its ends hinged to one of the flanges and the core with one of the Flanges and the other flange are separable,
characterized in that the core (2) has at least one slideway (30) in its interior for spreading the segments (3) per segment (3), and that in the interior of the core (2) at least one spreads on the slideways (30) acting slider (4) is axially displaceable from the outside. 2. Coil according to claim 1, characterized in that the slideways (30) of the segments (3) on the inside at the articulated end (31) opposite end (32) arranged conically seen in the direction of the coil center narrowing ring surface (30 ') and that the slider (4) is a conical to the annular surface (30') matching outer surface (40). 3. Coil according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the slider (4) in the form of the cone on the core-facing side (9 ') of the annular surface (30') adjacent flange (9) is arranged. 4. Coil according to claim 1, characterized in that on the inside of the segments (3) at least one roller (5) is rotatably mounted, the plane of rotation of which intersects the longitudinal axis of the coil (6), and the side of the circumference facing away from the segment, the slideway (30) forms on which the slide (4) rests. 5. Coil according to claim 1, characterized in that on the outside of the slider (4) for each segment (3) is rotatably supported at least one roller whose plane of rotation intersects the longitudinal axis of the coil (6) and whose segment-facing side of the circumference on the slideway at the Bears against the inside of the segment (3). 6. Coil according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the displacement of the slider (4) follows by displacement of a central axis (7) extending in the direction of the longitudinal axis (6) of the coil (1). 7. Coil according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the displacement of the central axis (7) by rotating in at least one central threaded bore (13) that the axis (7) at its free end (7 ") with a stop (27) provided head (17) that the axis (7) is rotatably mounted in the flange (9) adjacent to its head (17) with limited axial play sufficient for its displacement and that the threaded bore (13) or is arranged in the other of the two flanges (12). 8. Coil according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that between the axis (7) and the slide (4) or the slide (4) bearing flange (9) a friction-reducing, pressure-absorbing slide or roller bearing (10) is used. 9. Coil according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the interior of the core (2) elastic, the segments (3) from their spreading position retracting elements (11) are arranged. 10. Coil according to claims 1 to 9, characterized by stops (21) for limiting the deflection of the segments (3) inwards. ll. Coil according to Claims 1 to 10., Characterized in that the central threaded bore (13) has a conically narrowing insertion (14). 12. Coil according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least the at the free, not hinged to the core end (31, 32) of the segments (3) arranged flange (9, 12) in its core surface (9 ', 12th ') has an annular groove (15, 16) into which the ends (31, 32) of the segments (3) engage and that the outer groove edge (15', 16 ') has a stop for the segments (3) in the spread state forms. 13. Coil according to claims 4 to 12, characterized in that in the head (17) of the axis (7) adjacent flange (9) in the screwing direction of the axis (7) effective, adjustable stop ring (8 ') for the stop (27) on the head (17) of the axis (7). 14. Coil according to claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the head (17) of the axis (7) has the shape of an eyelet or a similar lifting means. 15. Coil according to claims 1 to 14, characterized in that both flanges (9, 12) have congruent, radially extending slots (18) and the outer surface (2 ') of the core with the slots (18) aligned grooves (19) . 16. Coil according to claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the core (2) and the separate from this bare flange (9, 12) have means (22, 22 ') for setting and defining a defined angular position relative to one another before they are connected to one another. 17. Coil according to claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the outer surface (2 ') of the core (2) is at least partially provided with an elastic, friction-increasing coating (20). 18. Coil according to claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the core (2) is conical and that the core (2) with one flange (9; 12) and the other flange (12; 9) on the narrow side of the core (2) are separable. 19. Coil according to claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the core (2) is cast in one piece from cast metal and is only divided into the segments (3) after a mechanical treatment of its outer surface (2 '). 20. Coil according to claims 1 to 19, with an extractable core (2), characterized in that the core (2) has an internal gripper for lifting the coil from the lower flange (12). 21. Coil according to claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the coil (1) to one of its two flanges (9, 12) parallel and arranged between them intermediate flange with a central circular opening for the core (2) and with fastening means for has a detachable, preferably variable-distance connection to one of the two flanges (9; 12). 22. Coil according to claims 4 to 21, characterized in that instead of the rollers 5 skids 5 'with one sliding surface 51 each resting on the sliding piece 4. 23. Coil according to claim 22, characterized in that the skids 5 'each have four mutually offset by about 90 °, by rotating the skids 5' about a central bore 50 in contact with the slider 4 sliding surfaces 51.

Images