EP0186731B1 - Auxiliary apparatus for discharging combustion residues of burning installations, particularly refuse incinerators - Google Patents

Auxiliary apparatus for discharging combustion residues of burning installations, particularly refuse incinerators Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0186731B1
EP0186731B1 EP85110799A EP85110799A EP0186731B1 EP 0186731 B1 EP0186731 B1 EP 0186731B1 EP 85110799 A EP85110799 A EP 85110799A EP 85110799 A EP85110799 A EP 85110799A EP 0186731 B1 EP0186731 B1 EP 0186731B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
auxiliary apparatus
shield
piston
front surface
combustion residues
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85110799A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0186731A2 (en
EP0186731A3 (en
Inventor
Walter Brüngger
Peter Anton Cerny
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Von Roll AG
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Von Roll AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0186731A2 publication Critical patent/EP0186731A2/en
Publication of EP0186731A3 publication Critical patent/EP0186731A3/en
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Publication of EP0186731B1 publication Critical patent/EP0186731B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F23J1/02—Apparatus for removing ash, clinker, or slag from ash-pits, e.g. by employing trucks or conveyors, by employing suction devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/01021—Removing ashes from the ash pit using reciprocating means, e.g. pushers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an auxiliary device for discharging combustion residues in combustion plants, in particular waste incineration plants, with a trough into which the combustion residues are fed via a chute, a movable piston for conveying the combustion residues from the trough to a discharge chute and at least one in a side wall of the trough arranged, provided with a door opening for inspection and maintenance of the tub.
  • Devices of this type are known for example from DE-A-2 739 396 and DE-B-2 539 615. With these devices, the discharge of the combustion residues from the trough to the chute by means of the piston is only possible if the chute is sufficiently filled with combustion residues. Only then, after each stroke of the piston, can sufficient combustion residues reach the trough from the chute to fill up the piston displacement there and form a plug that is conveyed to the chute during the next stroke. In the facilities mentioned, the combustion residues can only be conveyed through the chute if the chute is sufficiently filled with combustion residues.
  • the object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned and to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which does not have to be shoveled by hand through the maintenance opening even if the chute is incomplete or insufficiently filled.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized by the features specified in claim 1.
  • Advantageous developments of the invention result from the dependent claims.
  • a piston 5 pushes the combustion residues 1 with its front surface 6 to a chute 7.
  • the piston 5 is shown in its retracted position, in which it largely opens the opening 4, i.e. in this position of the piston 5, the opening 4 leads to the space in the tub 3 in front of the front surface 6 of the piston 5.
  • the stroke of the piston 5 to its extended position leads the front surface 6 approximately to the point where the tub 3 merges into the chute 7, i.e. approximately below the wall 8 of the chute 2 which is the most distant from the piston 5.
  • the chute 2 is complete and the walls 3 are largely empty, for example because the device is installed in a waste incineration plant and the waste supply to the combustion plant has been interrupted. It can be seen that with each stroke of the piston 5 only combustion residues falling back from the chute 7 into the trough 3 are detected by the front surface 6 of the piston 5, and that the plug 9 from combustion residues is essentially stationary. In order to eject the plug 9 through the chute, the measures described below are taken.
  • a shield 10 which can be in one piece or in several parts and, for example, consists of two parts 11, 11 'placed one above the other, is placed through the opening 4 in front of the front surface 6 of the piston 5. If the parts 11, 11 'are approximately the same height, each of the parts covers approximately the front surface 6 of the piston 5, so that the front surface 12 of the shield 10 is approximately the same width is twice as high as the front surface 6 of the piston 5.
  • Each part 11.11 ' can be introduced into the tub separately through the opening 4 or through the opposite opening, or, as shown in FIG. 1, the opening 4 can be dimensioned in this way be that the parts 11, 11 'already assembled to form a plate 10 can be inserted together into the tub.
  • the two parts 11, 11 'are designed as rectangular, laterally open hollow profiles.
  • the superimposed walls of the parts 11, 11 'to be connected are each accessible from the inside of these parts, they can be provided with corresponding holes and fastened to one another by means of screws or equivalent fastening means 13.
  • the piston 5 pushes the shield 10 into position 10 '. It is then possible to hold the shield 10 in position 10 'with the locking devices described below, while the piston 5 is returned to its retracted position.
  • the shield 10 is then supported on the front surface 6 of the piston 5 with the adjusting devices or adjustable support described below, for example here with push rods 14, so that a renewed extension of the piston 5 pushes the shield 10 into position 10 ".
  • the procedure can be repeated with the help of longer push rods 14 ', so that the shield 10 is finally pushed through the chute 7.
  • the shield 10 pushes the combustion residues which form the plug 9 in front of them or each time they are extended In this way, the chute can be emptied in batches. Since the parts 11, 11 'can be inserted into the tub 3 through the opening 4 by means of conventional mechanical lifting and conveying devices, the device described avoids that workers have to step into the tub to shovel it empty.
  • the adjustable support is designed as a mechanically adjustable arrangement of push rods, denoted overall by 15, which essentially consists of two screw parts 16, 16 ′ and a screw nut part 17.
  • One of the threads 18, 18 'of the screws 16, 16' is provided on the right nut part 17 with two opposing threads.
  • Devices of this type are known as adjustable tensioning or pressure devices and the adjustable support described here is designed according to the same principle, but in a stronger version which allows the thrust of the piston 5 to be transmitted to the shield 10.
  • the adjustable support is a total designated 19 lifting cylinder which, for example, as shown, is designed as a double telescopic tube and can be actuated pneumatically or hydraulically by means not shown, that is to say by pressure of a fluid.
  • the adjustable support is also a lifting cylinder, which is generally designated 20 and, as shown for example, is double-acting and can be actuated by pneumatic or hydraulic means indicated by the connecting pieces 21, 21 '.
  • the adjustable support shown schematically in FIG. 5 essentially consists of two push rods 23, 23 'connected by a worm gear 22. As is also shown schematically, these are supported by tabs 24, 24 'on the front 6 of the piston 5 or on the parts 11, 11' of the shield 10.
  • the worm drive 22 is actuated, for example, by means of the crank 25.
  • the adjusting device or adjustable support is used and actuated in such a way that the plate 10, which is brought into position 10 ′, for example, by the extension of the piston 5, is supported on the front face 6 of the piston 5 after the piston 5 has moved back, so that the plate 10 is driven into position 10 "by the next extension of the piston 5.
  • FIGS. 6 to 10 In order to hold the shield 10 in the position reached, such as 10 ′ or 10 ′′ during the retraction of the piston 5, the locking devices shown schematically in FIGS. 6 to 10 can be used, for example.
  • a push rod 14 and a wall 26 of the chute 7 are partially and schematically shown, the wall 26 of the chute 7 and the wall 8 of the chute 2 are, at least on their side facing the combustion residues 1, continuously merging areas of the same flat wall 6 is an automatic clamping device 27 based on the principle of the eccentric, which is rotatably arranged on part 11 of the shield 10 and is pressed, for example, by spring force onto the wall 26.
  • This clamping device 27 allows the shield 10 to be advanced when extending the piston 5, however, resists sliding back d es shield 10 during the retraction of the piston 5.
  • a similar clamping device is arranged on the opposite side of the shield 10 for clamping onto the opposite wall of the chute, so that the shield 10 is held on both sides of the walls.
  • the clamping effect is achieved by a lifting cylinder 28 attached to the part 11 pressing one or more brake pads 29 against the wall 26 when it is not shown means is operated hydraulically or pneumatically.
  • FIG. 7 A variant of the design of the locking device according to FIG. 7 is shown schematically in the left half of FIG. 8, in which the force exerted by the lifting cylinder 28 is transmitted to the brake pads 29 via an angled lever 31 articulated on the bracket 30.
  • a variant of the design of the locking device according to the left half of FIG. 8 is shown schematically in the right half of FIG. 8, in which the force exerted by mechanical means on the brake pads 29 is transmitted via an angled lever 31 and by a worm drive 32 originates, which can be operated, for example, hydraulically or pneumatically or, as shown, by a crank 33.
  • the force exerted on the brake linings 29 comes from a worm drive 32 as in the design described above.
  • the force is transmitted via a push rod 34 whose length can be adjusted by the worm drive 32 and which is guided in slide bearings 35, 35 'arranged on part 11 of the shield 10.
  • a rail 36 designed as a rack is arranged on the wall 26 parallel to the direction of movement of the part 11 and on the part 11 a locking device 37 provided with a pawl, the pawl with the rack are engaged.
  • the rail 36 is a perforated rail and the locking device 37 is provided with a pin which can be inserted into the holes in the perforated rail.
  • the first variant works on the riddle principle and allows the shield to advance, but prevents it from sliding back.
  • the lock must be released every time the shield is to be propelled again by a piston stroke.
  • a locking device is of course only necessary in those cases where there is a risk of the plug of combustion residue falling back. Otherwise they can be omitted.
  • the shield 10 can also be made of wood, e.g. B. consist of railway sleepers. Like. In this case, pushing should preferably be carried out with spacers that are inserted between the piston and the shield. If the shield 10 falls back into the starting position, it can be pushed forward again through side inspection openings using chisels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hilfseinrichtung zum Austragen von Verbrennungsrückständen bei Feuerungsanlagen, insbesondere Müllverbrennungsanlagen, mit einer Wanne, in welche die Verbrennungsrückstände über einen Fallschacht zugeführt werden, einem beweglichen Kolben zum Fördern der Verbrennungsrückstände von der Wanne zu einer Austragschurre und mindestens einer in einer Seitenwand der Wanne angeordneten, mit einer Tür versehenen Öffnung zur Inspektion und Wartung der Wanne.The invention relates to an auxiliary device for discharging combustion residues in combustion plants, in particular waste incineration plants, with a trough into which the combustion residues are fed via a chute, a movable piston for conveying the combustion residues from the trough to a discharge chute and at least one in a side wall of the trough arranged, provided with a door opening for inspection and maintenance of the tub.

Einrichtungen dieser Art sind beispielsweise aus der DE-A-2 739 396 und DE-B-2 539 615 bekannt. Bei diesen Einrichtungen ist der Austrag der Verbrennungsrückstände von der Wanne zur Schurre mittels des Kolbens aber nur dann möglich, wenn der Fallschacht mit Verbrennungsrückständen genügend gefüllt ist. Nur dann können nämlich, nach jedem Hub des Kolbens, genügend Verbrennungsrückstände vom Fallschacht zur Wanne gelangen, um dort den Hubraum des Kolbens aufzufüllen und einen Pfropfen zu bilden, der beim nächsten Hub zur Schurre gefördert wird. Bei den erwähnten Einrichtungen ist auch die Förderung der Verbrennungsrückstände durch die Schurre hindurch nur dann möglich, wenn diese mit Verbrennungsrückständen genügend gefüllt ist. Nur dann kann nämlich jeder Pfropfen, der zur Schurre gefördert wird, den Pfropfen des vorangehenden Hubs vor sich weiter schieben, so dass die Verbrennungsrückstände schubweise, Pfropfen um Pfropfen, durch die Schurre gefördert werden, bis sie am Ende der Schurre in eine geeignete Transportvorrichtung gelangen, um beseitigt zu werden. Nachteilig ist also bei diesen Einrichtungen, dass bei Störungen im Bereich des Fallschachtes oder der Schurre diese nicht leergefahren werden können, d.h. die Verbrennungsrückstände müssen von Hand durch die Wartungsöffnung hindurch herausgeschaufelt werden. Dies bedingt jedesmal einen langen Betriebsstillstand und ist mit grossen Unfallgefahren für die in der Wanne beschäftigten Arbeiter verbunden. Zudem verursacht die Notwendigkeit, eine Leerung der Verbrennungsrückstände von Hand durch die Wartungsöffnung hindurch vorzusehen, im Bereich der Wartungsöffnung und in der Umgebung der Wanne einen grossen Platzbedarf unter anderem für das Stationieren und den Verkehr der Transportmittel zur Beseitigung der herausgeschaufelten Verbrennungsrückstände.Devices of this type are known for example from DE-A-2 739 396 and DE-B-2 539 615. With these devices, the discharge of the combustion residues from the trough to the chute by means of the piston is only possible if the chute is sufficiently filled with combustion residues. Only then, after each stroke of the piston, can sufficient combustion residues reach the trough from the chute to fill up the piston displacement there and form a plug that is conveyed to the chute during the next stroke. In the facilities mentioned, the combustion residues can only be conveyed through the chute if the chute is sufficiently filled with combustion residues. Only then can each plug that is conveyed to the chute push the plug of the previous stroke in front of it so that the combustion residues are conveyed through the chute in batches, plug by plug, until they reach a suitable transport device at the end of the chute to be eliminated. A disadvantage of these devices is that in the event of faults in the area of the chute or chute, they cannot be emptied, i.e. the combustion residues must be scooped out manually through the maintenance opening. This always means a long shutdown and is associated with great accident risks for the workers in the tub. In addition, the need to manually empty the combustion residues through the maintenance opening, in the area of the maintenance opening and in the vicinity of the tub, requires a large amount of space, among other things, for stationing and transporting the means of transport to remove the scrapped combustion residues.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, die erwähnten Nachteile zu beseitigen und eine Einrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, die auch bei unvollständiger oder ungenügender Füllung des Fallschachtes nicht von Hand durch die Wartungsöffnung hindurch leergeschaufelt werden muss.The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned and to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which does not have to be shoveled by hand through the maintenance opening even if the chute is incomplete or insufficiently filled.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist die erfindungsgemässe Einrichtung gekennzeichnet durch die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.To achieve this object, the device according to the invention is characterized by the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention result from the dependent claims.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine schematische Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemässen Einrichtung, im Schnitt;
  • Fig. 2 - 5 je eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausbildung einer verstellbaren Stütze die in der erfindungsgemässen Einrichtung verwendet wird;
  • Fig. 6 - 10 je eine schematische Darstellung einer Draufsicht einer Feststellvorrichtung, die in der erfindungsgemässen Einrichtung verwendet wird.

In Fig. 1 ist eine Seitenansicht einer Ausbildung der erfindungsgemässen Einrichtung schematisch im Schnitt dargestellt. Von einer nicht dargestellten Feuerungsanlage fallen Verbrennungsrückstände 1 durch einen Fallschacht 2 in eine Wanne 3, die mit einer Seitenwand 4' mit einer Öffnung 4 zur Inspektion und Wartung der Wanne 3 versehen ist. Die Öffnung 4 kann mit einer nicht dargestellten Tür geschlossen werden. Eine zweite mit einer Öffnung und einer Tür versehenen Seitenwand der Wanne 3 liegt der Seitenwand 4' gegenüber und ist in Fig. 1 nicht sichtbar.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic side view of the device according to the invention, in section.
  • FIGS. 2-5 each show a schematic representation of an embodiment of an adjustable support which is used in the device according to the invention;
  • 6-10 each show a schematic representation of a top view of a locking device which is used in the device according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 a side view of an embodiment of the inventive device is shown schematically in section. Combustion residues 1 fall from a combustion system (not shown) through a chute 2 into a trough 3, which is provided with a side wall 4 ′ with an opening 4 for inspection and maintenance of the trough 3. The opening 4 can be closed with a door, not shown. A second side wall of the tub 3 provided with an opening and a door lies opposite the side wall 4 'and is not visible in FIG. 1.

Ein Kolben 5 schiebt die Verbrennungsrückstände 1 mit seiner Frontfläche 6 zu einer Schurre 7. Der Kolben 5 ist in seiner eingefahrenen Lage dargestellt, in der er die Öffnung 4 grösstenteils freigibt, d.h. in dieser Lage des Kolbens 5 führt die Öffnung 4 zu dem Raum, der in der Wanne 3 vor der Frontfläche 6 des Kolbens 5 liegt. Der Hub des Kolbens 5 bis zu seiner (nicht dargestellten) ausgefahren Lage führt die Frontfläche 6 etwa bis zur Stelle, wo die Wanne 3 in die Schurre 7 übergeht, d.h. etwa unterhalb der vom Kolben 5 entferntesten Wandung 8 des Fallschachts 2.A piston 5 pushes the combustion residues 1 with its front surface 6 to a chute 7. The piston 5 is shown in its retracted position, in which it largely opens the opening 4, i.e. in this position of the piston 5, the opening 4 leads to the space in the tub 3 in front of the front surface 6 of the piston 5. The stroke of the piston 5 to its extended position (not shown) leads the front surface 6 approximately to the point where the tub 3 merges into the chute 7, i.e. approximately below the wall 8 of the chute 2 which is the most distant from the piston 5.

In der Darstellung nach Fig. 1 sind der Fallschacht 2 ganz und die Wände 3 grösstenteils leer, beispielsweise weil die Einrichtung in einer Müllverbrennungsanlage eingebaut ist und die Müllzufuhr zur Feuerungsanlage unterbrochen wurde. Es ist ersichtlich, dass bei jedem Hub des Kolbens 5 nur von der Schurre 7 in die Wanne 3 zurückgefallene Verbrennungsrückstände von der Frontfläche 6 des Kolbens 5 erfasst werden, und dass der Pfropfen 9 aus Verbrennungsrückständen im wesentlichen stillsteht. Um den Pfropfen 9 durch die Schurre auszustossen, werden die im folgenden beschriebenen Massnahmen getroffen.In the illustration according to FIG. 1, the chute 2 is complete and the walls 3 are largely empty, for example because the device is installed in a waste incineration plant and the waste supply to the combustion plant has been interrupted. It can be seen that with each stroke of the piston 5 only combustion residues falling back from the chute 7 into the trough 3 are detected by the front surface 6 of the piston 5, and that the plug 9 from combustion residues is essentially stationary. In order to eject the plug 9 through the chute, the measures described below are taken.

Ein Schild 10, der einstückig oder mehrteilig sein kann und beispielweise aus zwei übereinander gestellten Teilen 11, 11' besteht, wird durch die Öffnung 4 hindurch vor die Frontfläche 6 des Kolbens 5 gesetzt. Wenn die Teile 11, 11' etwa gleich hoch sind, deckt jedes der Teile etwa die Frontfläche 6 des Kolbens 5, so dass die Frontfläche 12 des Schildes 10 bei gleicher Breite etwa doppelt so hoch ist wie die Frontfläche 6 des Kolbens 5. Jedes Teil 11.11' kann separat durch die Öffnung 4 oder durch die gegenüberliegende Öffnung hindurch in die Wanne eingeführt werden, oder es kann, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, die Öffnung 4 so dimensioniert werden, dass die zu einem Schild 10 bereits zusammengefügten Teile 11, 11' zusammen in die Wanne einführbar sind. Je nach dem gewählten Vorgehen werden die Teile 11, 11' vor oder nach dem Einführen in die Wanne 3 aufeinander befestigt, beispielweise durch Verschraubung. In der Ausbildung nach Fig. 1 sind die beiden Teile 11, 11' als quaderförmige seitlich offene Hohlprofile gestaltet. Bei dieser Ausbildung sind die aufeinanderliegenden, zu verbindenden Wandungen der Teile 11, 11' jeweils vom Innern dieser Teile zugänglich, sie können mit einander entsprechenden Löchern versehen und mittels Schrauben oder äquivalenter Befestigungsmittel 13 aufeinander befestigt werden.A shield 10, which can be in one piece or in several parts and, for example, consists of two parts 11, 11 'placed one above the other, is placed through the opening 4 in front of the front surface 6 of the piston 5. If the parts 11, 11 'are approximately the same height, each of the parts covers approximately the front surface 6 of the piston 5, so that the front surface 12 of the shield 10 is approximately the same width is twice as high as the front surface 6 of the piston 5. Each part 11.11 'can be introduced into the tub separately through the opening 4 or through the opposite opening, or, as shown in FIG. 1, the opening 4 can be dimensioned in this way be that the parts 11, 11 'already assembled to form a plate 10 can be inserted together into the tub. Depending on the procedure chosen, the parts 11, 11 'are attached to one another before or after insertion into the tub 3, for example by screwing. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the two parts 11, 11 'are designed as rectangular, laterally open hollow profiles. In this embodiment, the superimposed walls of the parts 11, 11 'to be connected are each accessible from the inside of these parts, they can be provided with corresponding holes and fastened to one another by means of screws or equivalent fastening means 13.

Wenn nun der Kolben 5 mit dem davor eingesetzten Schild 10 in seine ausgefahrene Stellung gebracht wird, schiebt der Kolben 5 den Schild 10 in die Lage 10'. Es ist dann möglich, mit im nachstehenden beschriebenen Feststellvorrichtungen den Schild 10 in der Lage 10' festzuhalten, während der Kolben 5 in seine eingefahrene Stellung zurückgebracht wird. Anschliessend wird mit im nachstehenden beschriebenen Nachstellvorrichtungen bzw. verstellbaren Stütze, hier bispielsweise mit Druckstangen 14, der Schild 10 auf die Frontfläche 6 des Kolbens 5 abgestützt, so dass ein erneutes Ausfahren des Kolbens 5 den Schild 10 in die Lage 10" schiebt. Das Vorgehen kann mit Hilfe von längeren Druckstangen 14' wiederholt werden, so dass der Schild 10 schliesslich durch die Schurre 7 geschoben wird. Nun wird erkennbar, dass der Schild 10 die Verbrennungsrückstände, die den Pfropfen 9 bilden, vor sich schiebt bzw. sie bei jedem Ausfahren des Kolbens um eine Hublänge weiterschiebt. Auf diese Weise kann die Schurre schubweise geleert werden. Da die Teile 11, 11' mittels gebräuchlicher mechanischer Hebe- und Fördervorrichtungen durch die Öffnung 4 in die Wanne 3 eingefahren werden können, wird mit der beschriebenen Einrichtung vermieden, dass Arbeiter in die Wanne steigen müssen, um diese leerzuschaufeln.If the piston 5 is now brought into its extended position with the shield 10 inserted in front of it, the piston 5 pushes the shield 10 into position 10 '. It is then possible to hold the shield 10 in position 10 'with the locking devices described below, while the piston 5 is returned to its retracted position. The shield 10 is then supported on the front surface 6 of the piston 5 with the adjusting devices or adjustable support described below, for example here with push rods 14, so that a renewed extension of the piston 5 pushes the shield 10 into position 10 ". The procedure can be repeated with the help of longer push rods 14 ', so that the shield 10 is finally pushed through the chute 7. It can now be seen that the shield 10 pushes the combustion residues which form the plug 9 in front of them or each time they are extended In this way, the chute can be emptied in batches. Since the parts 11, 11 'can be inserted into the tub 3 through the opening 4 by means of conventional mechanical lifting and conveying devices, the device described avoids that workers have to step into the tub to shovel it empty.

In Fig. 2 bis 5 werden verschiedene Ausbildungen der erwähnten Nachstellvorrichtungen schematisch dargestellt.2 to 5 different designs of the adjustment devices mentioned are shown schematically.

In Fig. 2 ist die verstellbare Stütze als gesamthaft mit 15 bezeichnete, mechanisch verstellbare Anordnung von Druckstangen ausgebildet, die im wesentlichen aus zwei Schraubenteilen 16, 16' und einem Schraubenmutterteil 17 besteht. Eines der Gewinde 18, 18' der Schrauben 16, 16' ist rechts Mutterteil 17 mit zwei gegenläufigen Gewinden versehen. Vorrichtungen dieser Art sind als verstellbare Spann- oder Druckyvorrichtungen bekannt und die hier beschriebene verstell Stütze ist nach dem gleichen Prinzip ausgebildet, jedoch in einer stärkeren Ausführung die erlaubt den Schub des Kolbens 5 auf den Schild 10 zu übertragen.In FIG. 2, the adjustable support is designed as a mechanically adjustable arrangement of push rods, denoted overall by 15, which essentially consists of two screw parts 16, 16 ′ and a screw nut part 17. One of the threads 18, 18 'of the screws 16, 16' is provided on the right nut part 17 with two opposing threads. Devices of this type are known as adjustable tensioning or pressure devices and the adjustable support described here is designed according to the same principle, but in a stronger version which allows the thrust of the piston 5 to be transmitted to the shield 10.

In Fig. 3 ist die verstellbare Stütze ein gesamthaft mit 19 bezeichneter Hubzylinder, der beispielweise wie dargestellt als doppeltes Teleskoprohr ausgebildet und mit nicht dargestellten Mitteln pneumatisch oder hydraulisch, also durch Druck eines Fluids betätigbar ist.In Fig. 3, the adjustable support is a total designated 19 lifting cylinder which, for example, as shown, is designed as a double telescopic tube and can be actuated pneumatically or hydraulically by means not shown, that is to say by pressure of a fluid.

In Fig. 4 ist die verstellbare Stütze ebenfalls ein Hubzylinder, der gesamthafte mit 20 bezeichnet ist und, wie beispielsweise dargestellt, doppelwirkend ausgebildet und mit durch die Stutzen 21, 21' angedeuteten pneumatischen oder hydraulischen Mitteln betätigbar ist.In Fig. 4, the adjustable support is also a lifting cylinder, which is generally designated 20 and, as shown for example, is double-acting and can be actuated by pneumatic or hydraulic means indicated by the connecting pieces 21, 21 '.

Die in Fig. 5 schematisch dargestellte verstellbare Stütze besteht im wesentlichen aus zwei durch einen Schneckentrieb 22 verbunden Druckstangen 23, 23'. Diese sind, wie auch schematisch dargestellt ist, über Laschen 24, 24' auf die Frontseite 6 des Kolbens 5 bzw. auf die Teile 11, 11' des Schildes 10 abgestützt. Der Schneckentrieb 22 wird beispielsweise mittels der Kurbel 25 betätigt.The adjustable support shown schematically in FIG. 5 essentially consists of two push rods 23, 23 'connected by a worm gear 22. As is also shown schematically, these are supported by tabs 24, 24 'on the front 6 of the piston 5 or on the parts 11, 11' of the shield 10. The worm drive 22 is actuated, for example, by means of the crank 25.

In allen Fällen wird die Nachstellvorrichtung bzw. verstellbare Stütze dazu verwendet und derart betätigt, dass der durch das Ausfahren des Kolbens 5 beispielsweise in die Lage 10' gebrachte Schild 10 nach dem Zurückfahren des Kolbens 5 auf dessen Frontfläche 6 abgestützt wird, damit der Schild 10 durch das nächste Ausfahren des Kolbens 5 in die Lage 10" getrieben wird.In all cases, the adjusting device or adjustable support is used and actuated in such a way that the plate 10, which is brought into position 10 ′, for example, by the extension of the piston 5, is supported on the front face 6 of the piston 5 after the piston 5 has moved back, so that the plate 10 is driven into position 10 "by the next extension of the piston 5.

Um den Schild 10 während des Zurückfahrens des Kolbens 5 in der erreichten Lage wie 10' oder 10" festzuhalten, können beispielsweise die in Fig. 6 bis 10 schematisch dargestellten Feststellvorrichtungen verwendet werden. In Fig. 6 sind ein als Balken ausgebildeter Teil 11 des Schildes 10, eine Druckstange 14 sowie eine Wandung 26 der Schurre 7 teilweise und schematisch dargestellt. Die Wandung 26 der Schurre 7 und die Wandung 8 des Fallschachtes 2 sind, zumindest auf ihrer den Verbrennungsrückständen 1 zugekehrten Seite, stetig ineinander übergehende Bereiche derselben ebenen Wandung. Die in Fig. 6 dargestellte Ausbildung der Feststellvorrichtung ist eine auf dem Prinzip des Exzenters basierende selbsttätige Klemmvorrichtung 27, die am Teil 11 des Schildes 10 drehbar angeordnet ist und beispielsweise durch Federkraft auf die Wandung 26 gedrückt wird. Diese Klemmvorrichtung 27 erlaubt das Vorrücken des Schildes 10 beim Ausfahren des Kolbens 5, widersetzt sich jedoch dem Zurückrutschen des Schildes 10 während des Zurückfahrens des Kolbens 5. Eine gleichartige Klemmvorrichtung ist auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Schildes 10 zum Verklemmen auf die gegenüberliegende Wandung der Schurre angeordnet, so dass der Schild 10 beidseitig an den Wandungen festgehalten wird. In der in Fig. 7 dargestellten Ausbildung der Feststellvorrichtung wird die Klemmwirkung erreicht, indem ein am Teil 11 befestigter Hubzylinder 28 einen oder mehrere Bremsbeläge 29 gegen die Wandung 26 andrückt, wenn er mit nicht dargestellten Mitteln hydraulisch oder pneumatisch betätigt wird.In order to hold the shield 10 in the position reached, such as 10 ′ or 10 ″ during the retraction of the piston 5, the locking devices shown schematically in FIGS. 6 to 10 can be used, for example. In FIG 10, a push rod 14 and a wall 26 of the chute 7 are partially and schematically shown, the wall 26 of the chute 7 and the wall 8 of the chute 2 are, at least on their side facing the combustion residues 1, continuously merging areas of the same flat wall 6 is an automatic clamping device 27 based on the principle of the eccentric, which is rotatably arranged on part 11 of the shield 10 and is pressed, for example, by spring force onto the wall 26. This clamping device 27 allows the shield 10 to be advanced when extending the piston 5, however, resists sliding back d es shield 10 during the retraction of the piston 5. A similar clamping device is arranged on the opposite side of the shield 10 for clamping onto the opposite wall of the chute, so that the shield 10 is held on both sides of the walls. In the embodiment of the locking device shown in FIG. 7, the clamping effect is achieved by a lifting cylinder 28 attached to the part 11 pressing one or more brake pads 29 against the wall 26 when it is not shown means is operated hydraulically or pneumatically.

In der linken Hälfte von Fig. 8 ist eine Variante der Ausbildung der Feststellvorrichtung nach Fig. 7 schematisch dargestellt, in welcher die vom Hubzylinder 28 ausgeübte Kraft auf die Bremsbeläge 29 über einen an der Lasche 30 angelenkten abgewinkelten Hebel 31 übertragen wird.A variant of the design of the locking device according to FIG. 7 is shown schematically in the left half of FIG. 8, in which the force exerted by the lifting cylinder 28 is transmitted to the brake pads 29 via an angled lever 31 articulated on the bracket 30.

In der rechten Hälfte von Fig. 8 ist eine Variante der Ausbildung der Feststellvorrichtung nach der linken Hälfte von Fig. 8 schematisch dargestellt, in welcher die von mechanischen Mitteln auf die Bremsbeläge 29 ausgeübte Kraft über einen abgewinkelten Hebel 31 übertragen wird und von einem Schneckentrieb 32 stammt, der beispielsweise hydraulisch oder pneumatisch oder, wie dargestellt, durch eine Kurbel 33 betätigt werden kann.A variant of the design of the locking device according to the left half of FIG. 8 is shown schematically in the right half of FIG. 8, in which the force exerted by mechanical means on the brake pads 29 is transmitted via an angled lever 31 and by a worm drive 32 originates, which can be operated, for example, hydraulically or pneumatically or, as shown, by a crank 33.

In einer in Fig. 9 schematisch dargestellten Ausbildung der Feststellvorrichtung stammt die auf die Bremsbeläge 29 ausgeübte Kraft von einem Schneckentrieb 32 wie in der vorangehend beschriebenen Ausbildung. Hier wird jedoch die Kraft über eine vom Schneckentrieb 32 in ihrer Länge verstellbare Druckstange 34 übertragen, die in am Teil 11 des Schildes 10 angeordneten Gleitlagern 35, 35' geführt wird.In a design of the locking device shown schematically in FIG. 9, the force exerted on the brake linings 29 comes from a worm drive 32 as in the design described above. Here, however, the force is transmitted via a push rod 34 whose length can be adjusted by the worm drive 32 and which is guided in slide bearings 35, 35 'arranged on part 11 of the shield 10.

In Fig. 10 wird eine Ausbildung der Feststellvorrichtung schematisch dargestellt, in der an der Wandung 26 parallel zur Bewegungsrichtung des Teiles 11 eine als Zahnstange ausgebildete Schiene 36 und am Teil 11 eine mit einer Sperrklinke versehene Arretiervorrichtung 37 angeordnet sind, wobei die Sperrklinke mit der Zahntange im Eingriff stehen.In Fig. 10, an embodiment of the locking device is shown schematically, in which a rail 36 designed as a rack is arranged on the wall 26 parallel to the direction of movement of the part 11 and on the part 11 a locking device 37 provided with a pawl, the pawl with the rack are engaged.

In einer vereinfachten Ausführung ist die Schiene 36 eine Lochschiene und die Arretiervorrichtung 37 ist mit einem Stift versehen, der in die Löcher der Lochschiene einsetzbar ist. Die erste Variante funktioniert nach dem Prinzip der Rätsche und erlaubt das Vorrücken des Schildes, verhindert aber sein Zurückgleiten. Bei Verwendung der zweiten Variante muss die Arretierung jedesmal gelöst werden, wenn der Schild wieder um einen Kolbenhub vorgetrieben werden soll.In a simplified embodiment, the rail 36 is a perforated rail and the locking device 37 is provided with a pin which can be inserted into the holes in the perforated rail. The first variant works on the riddle principle and allows the shield to advance, but prevents it from sliding back. When using the second variant, the lock must be released every time the shield is to be propelled again by a piston stroke.

Eine Feststelleinrichtung ist selbstverständlich nur in den Fällen nötig, in denen die Gefahr des Zurückfallens des Verbrennungsrückstandspfropfens besteht. Ansonsten kann auf sie verzichtet werden.A locking device is of course only necessary in those cases where there is a risk of the plug of combustion residue falling back. Otherwise they can be omitted.

Der Schild 10 kann auch aus Holz, z. B. aus Eisenbahnschwellen od. dgl. bestehen. In diesem Fall soll das Nachschieben bevorzugt mit Distanzhölzern erfolgen, welche zwischen Kolben und Schild eingesetzt werden. Fällt der Schild 10 in die Ausgangslage zurück, kann er durch seitliche Inspektionsöffnungen mittels Stemmeisen wieder vorgeschoben werden.The shield 10 can also be made of wood, e.g. B. consist of railway sleepers. Like. In this case, pushing should preferably be carried out with spacers that are inserted between the piston and the shield. If the shield 10 falls back into the starting position, it can be pushed forward again through side inspection openings using chisels.

Claims (14)

1. Auxiliary apparatus for discharging combustion residues of burning installations, particularly refuse incinerators, with a basin (3) into which the combustion residues are fed via a dropshaft (2), a mowable piston (5) for feeding the combustion residues from the basin to a discharge chute (7) and at least one opening (4) arranged in a side wall (4') of the basin provided with a door for inspection and maintenance of the basin, characterised by a shield (10) arranged in front of the front surface of the piston (5) which can be introduced through the opening (4) into the basin (3) and by an adjustable support (15, 19, 20, 22) for supporting the shield (10) on the piston (5).
2. Auxiliary apparatus according to Claim 1, characterised in that the shield (10) consists of several parts (11, 11') which can be assembled together.
3. Auxiliary apparatus according to Claim 2, characterised in that the shield (10) is in two parts, the front surface of each part (11, 11') the same as the front surface (6) of the piston (5) and the front surface (12) of the assembled together shield at the same width being double as high as the front surface of the piston.
4. Auxiliary apparatus according to Claim 2 or 3, characterised by a construction of the parts (11, 11') as rectangular shaped laterally open hollow profiles.
5. Auxiliary apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the adjustable support (15) consists of a threaded nut part (17) from which, on both sides, push rods (14, 14') with counter-running threads (18, 18') project.
6. Auxiliary apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the adjustable support is constructed as a double telescope tube.
7. Auxiliary apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the adjustable support consists of a double acting piston cylinder device (20).
8. Auxiliary apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the adjustable support consists of two push rods (23, 23') connected together by means of a worm drive (22).
9. Auxiliary apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the shield (10) consists of wood and the subsequent pushing takes place via distance pieces.
10. Auxiliary apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that, on the shield (10), there is arranged a fixing device for fixedly holding the shield (10) against the walls (26) of the chute (7).
11. Auxiliary apparatus according to Claim 10, characterised by a construction of a fixing device as self actuating clamping device (27) which is arranged eccentrically on the shield (10).
12. Auxiliary apparatus according to Claim 10, characterised in that a fixing device consists at least of a braking layer (29) which can be pressed by a stroke cylinder (28) against the wall (29).
13. Auxiliary apparatus according to Claim 10, characterised in that a fixing device consists of at least one braking layer (29) which can be pressed by mechanical means (32, 31; 32, 34) against the wall (26).
14. Auxiliary apparatus according to Claim 10, characterised in that a fixing device consists of a rail (36) arranged on the wall (25) and a stopping unit (37) arranged on a part (11) of the shield (10), which are engaged with one another.
EP85110799A 1984-09-12 1985-08-28 Auxiliary apparatus for discharging combustion residues of burning installations, particularly refuse incinerators Expired EP0186731B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4358/84A CH664617A5 (en) 1984-09-12 1984-09-12 AUXILIARY DEVICE FOR DISCHARGING COMBUSTION RESIDUES IN COMBUSTION PLANTS, IN PARTICULAR WASTE COMBUSTION PLANTS.
CH4358/84 1984-09-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0186731A2 EP0186731A2 (en) 1986-07-09
EP0186731A3 EP0186731A3 (en) 1987-01-14
EP0186731B1 true EP0186731B1 (en) 1989-12-06

Family

ID=4274606

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85110799A Expired EP0186731B1 (en) 1984-09-12 1985-08-28 Auxiliary apparatus for discharging combustion residues of burning installations, particularly refuse incinerators

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4625660A (en)
EP (1) EP0186731B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6172914A (en)
CH (1) CH664617A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3574613D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2626656B1 (en) * 1988-01-29 1990-07-13 Traitement Indl Residus Urbain ASHTRAY OF BOILER FIREPLACE WITH AN EASY EXTRACTION BOX
US4987837A (en) * 1990-01-02 1991-01-29 Detroit Stoker Company Siftings removal device
DE4301619A1 (en) * 1993-01-22 1994-07-28 Babcock Energie Umwelt Furnace ash discharge system
US6830000B2 (en) * 2003-04-04 2004-12-14 Mendive Corporation Automatic firepot cleaning system
US20090151609A1 (en) * 2007-12-15 2009-06-18 Hoskinson Gordon H Incinerator with pivoting grating system
JP6823753B1 (en) * 2020-08-04 2021-02-03 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 Cleaning tool for ash extruder
JP7391260B1 (en) * 2023-08-09 2023-12-04 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 How to clean ash extrusion equipment

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US946553A (en) * 1909-08-14 1910-01-18 Robert J Mitchell Locomotive ash-pan.
FR2323102A1 (en) * 1975-09-05 1977-04-01 Martin Johannes Josef WASTE EVACUATION DEVICE FOR LARGE FIREPLACES
DE2739396A1 (en) * 1977-09-01 1979-03-15 Ver Kesselwerke Ag Equipment for removing granular residue from combustion plant - has loose round bar seal between moving parts of ram to minimise wear
DE2739371A1 (en) * 1977-09-01 1979-03-15 Ver Kesselwerke Ag Equipment for removing granular residue from combustion plant - has rising discharge duct with sawtooth profile floor and side panels
JPS57105622A (en) * 1980-12-24 1982-07-01 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Cleaning process in ash pushing device of dust incinerator facility
US4520738A (en) * 1984-06-19 1985-06-04 Kabushiki Kaisha Takuma Device to force out incineration ash

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6172914A (en) 1986-04-15
EP0186731A2 (en) 1986-07-09
CH664617A5 (en) 1988-03-15
EP0186731A3 (en) 1987-01-14
JPH0454131B2 (en) 1992-08-28
DE3574613D1 (en) 1990-01-11
US4625660A (en) 1986-12-02

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