EP0186268A2 - Luftverteil-Einrichtung und Luftbehandlungssystem - Google Patents

Luftverteil-Einrichtung und Luftbehandlungssystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0186268A2
EP0186268A2 EP85307142A EP85307142A EP0186268A2 EP 0186268 A2 EP0186268 A2 EP 0186268A2 EP 85307142 A EP85307142 A EP 85307142A EP 85307142 A EP85307142 A EP 85307142A EP 0186268 A2 EP0186268 A2 EP 0186268A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
wall member
valve
flow
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85307142A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0186268A3 (en
EP0186268B1 (de
Inventor
James M. Giles
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RADIALTEMP Ltd
Original Assignee
RADIALTEMP Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB848425671A external-priority patent/GB8425671D0/en
Application filed by RADIALTEMP Ltd filed Critical RADIALTEMP Ltd
Publication of EP0186268A2 publication Critical patent/EP0186268A2/de
Publication of EP0186268A3 publication Critical patent/EP0186268A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0186268B1 publication Critical patent/EP0186268B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/06—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser
    • F24F13/068—Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser formed as perforated walls, ceilings or floors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/76—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by means responsive to temperature, e.g. bimetal springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/12—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of sliding members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/044—Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems
    • F24F3/0442—Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems with volume control at a constant temperature

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to fluid control valves and air distribution terminals and air treatment systems incorporating such valves.
  • Air treatment systems are known in which air is heated centrally and is distributed through ducts to points of utilisation distributed around the volume to be heated, typically in separate rooms of a building or in different parts of rooms of a building.
  • a ball valve is mounted in the air duct adjacent the venturi restriction and is movable axially in the duct to approach and recede from the restriction under the control of an actuator linked to a thermostat.
  • the ball is also spring loaded and is displacable in the axial direction to a limited extent by pressure in the duct.
  • control valve of the butterfly type Another uses a control valve having a ported cylinder at the outlet of the primary air conduit and a piston axially movable to open and close the ports.
  • United States specification 3669349 is an example of many disclosures of air distribution terminals having inlets and/or outlets which are variable between closed and open positions by relative movement of overlying perforate plates so that the perforations in the one plate overly those in the other to a greater ot lesser extent.
  • the control is too coarse for the purposes of the present applicant as the whole range from closed to open is covered by movement of one plate over a distance corresponding to the dimension of a simple perforation.
  • the perforations or other apertures employed are too large for present purposes.
  • Daugherty teaches might solve this problem in that Daugherty professes to provide a continuous control of the effective cross-sectional area of the exit from the duct for treated air into the distribution terminal.
  • Daugherty's control mechanism will not provide a satisfactory variable control over the flow of treated air into the terminal as the ball and restriction mechanism taught by Daugherty acts to provide too sharp a cut off of air flow in response to linear movement of the ball.
  • the systems described above are applicable not only to the distribution of heated air but also primary air treated in other ways, e.g. by cooling.
  • the present invention provides a fluid control valve comprising means defining a flow path for fluid, a variable flow restrictor in said flow path comprising a wall member bounding a portion of said flowpath, and having flow passages therethrough, means for at least substantially dosing a portion of said wall member against fluid flow therethrough, means for producing relative movement between said wall member and said closure means to vary the area of said wall member exposed for fluid flow therethrough, the size of the flow passages through said wall member being such that there is at least one inlet pressure at which the valve with at least a substantial portion of the wall member exposed for fluid flow will produce a pressure drop substan- tally equivalent to the inlet pressure.
  • the valve will produce said pressure drop at inlet pressures above 1495 Pa (6 inches water gauge).
  • said valve will produce said pressure drop at inlet pressures above 498 Pa (2 inches water gauge).
  • the apertures are in the range of 9.5 mm to 1.6 mm diameter. More preferably therefore the diameter of such circular perforations in the wall member is in the range of 0.44 to 0.51 cm.
  • the apertures preferably have a largest dimension in this range or an area equivalent to a circle with a diameter in that range.
  • the perforations in the wall member need not be circular. More generally therefore it is preferred that the flow passages through the wall member each have a cross sectional area not exceeding 0.7 sq.cm., more preferably not exceeding 0.16 sq. cm. For use in systems where the primary air static pressure is relatively low, even smaller flow passages may be desired.
  • the form of the wall member and the manner in which it interacts with the means for closing a portion of the wall member against fluid flow may be of various kinds.
  • the valve is as described above, and the wall member is a foraminous or perforate tube telescopically movable to extend from an outlet of the said flow path by a greater or lesser extent, said tube having a closure of flow restriction downstream of said outlet, eg. at the end of the tube.
  • the tube is uniformally foraminous or perforate along its length, so that the effective outlet cross sectional area is directly proportional to the length of the foraminous or perforate tube extending from the outlet
  • the valve further comprises actuator means adapted to move the tube telescopically in the outlet by a degree dependent on a signal provided to the actuator means.
  • the means for generating a signal to cause the actuator to move the tube telescopically in the outlet which is preferably provided may for instance be a manual control such as a manually operable switch or may be some means for monitoring some ambient condition and moving the tube in response to variations in that condition, for instance a thermostat.
  • valve may be generally as described above and the wall member may have a first portion having said flow passages and a second portion without said flow passages, and the closure may be a shutter having one or more apertures therein and the wall member and the shutter may be mounted to be adjacent and rotatable with respect to one another so as to vary the amount of said first and second portions of the wall member aligned with the aperture in the shutter.
  • the wall member and shutter are interfitting generally cylindrical members. Alternatively, they might for instance be overlying circular members.
  • the wall member is disposed over the shutter.
  • the shutter may lie over the wall member.
  • the valve further comprises actuator means adapted to rotate the wall member and shutter with respect to one another.
  • the valve further comprises means for generating a signal to cause said actuator to rotate said wall member and actuator with respect to one another.
  • the signal generating means may be a thermostat or a manually operable switch or other control.
  • the invention includes an air distribution terminal comprising a housing having at least one inlet for drawing in ambient air, at least one outlet for expelling air from the housing, and an inlet for treated air, said treated air inlet being provided with a valve as described above.
  • the terminal includes an air blower for expelling air from the housing through the outlet or outlets.
  • the housing has a cross-sectional area substantially in excess of the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the valve.
  • the invention further provides an air treatment system comprising a plurality of terminals as described above, air treatment apparatus including means for drawing in and treating air, and means for delivering treated air from said air treatment apparatus to the flow path of the flow control valve of each said terminal.
  • the means for treating air may suitably be means for heating or cooling or humidifying the air or a mixture of two or more of these functions.
  • the means for delivering treated air is a system of conduits of a cross-sectional area substantially less than the cross-sectional area of the housing of each terminal, preferably similar to the cross-sectional area of said flow path of the valve.
  • the system of conduits include flexible conduit portions connecting to the terminals.
  • an air treatment system comprises an air blower such as a centrifugal fan (2) for drawing air to be treated from outside a wall (1) demarcating the space within which the air is to be treated.
  • Wall (1) is therefore typically an exterior wall of a building.
  • Air is directed by the blower (2) through an air treatment means (3) such as an air heater or an air cooler. From the air treatment means (3) the air is directed through a duct (4) to a primary air duct (14) serving air distribution terminals. Each terminal is connected to the respective primary air duct (4) by a flexible duct (15).
  • Each terminal comprises a housing (12) defining an air inlet (8) for drawing air from a room or other space in which the air is to be treated, an air blower (11) in the form of an axial fan in this instance within the housing (12) for drawing air into the inlet (8) and an outlet duct (13) having an outlet into the space in which the air is to be treated.
  • the inlet for treated air comprises a conduit (16) having an open end in which is received a perforate tube (5) closed at its downstream end by an end plate (18).
  • the perforate tube (5) is provided uniformly along its length with perforations (19) and therefore provides a wall member through which air passing through the conduit (16) may escape into the housing (12) upstream of the inlet (8).
  • rod (21) is articulated to an actuator arm (7) which is in turn connected at one end to a rotary actuator (6a).
  • a mixing zone (10) Downstream of the inlet (8) but upstream of the fan (11) is a mixing zone (10) demarcated by a perforate plate (9) at its upstream end.
  • Plate (9) is particularly of use in terminals having a cross section which is very wide compared to its height and serves to ensure good mixing of air entering the mixing zone (10).
  • the fan (11) draws air from the space or room in which the air is to be treated through inlet (8) and into the housing (12).
  • treated e.g. heated
  • air passes at a relatively high velocity through the ducts (4, 14 and 15) and is released through the perforate tube (5) at a rate depending upon the amount of the tube (5) extending from the conduit (16).
  • This treated air mixes with the air drawn in through inlet (8) in the mixing zone (10) and is expelled back into the space through outlet duct (13).
  • the extent to which the foraminous or perforate tube (5) extends from the outlet conduit (16) of the treated air ducts depends on the setting of the actuator (6). This may be linked to one of a variety of means for controlling the setting of the position of the tube (5).
  • the actuator (6) may be linked to a manually operated control used to fix the position of the tube (5) so that the whole system, incorporating a number of terminal units (12), is in balance and provides the correct degree of heating or cooling from each terminal.
  • the actuator (6) may be linked to a thermostat or other means for monitoring some condition of the air in the space to be treated to provide some degree of movement of the tube (5) to increase or decrease the amount of treated air allowed into the housing (12) in response to conditions in the space or room.
  • the flow of air through the housing (12) as a whole will be substantially constant but depending on the position of the foraminous tube (5), more or less of this air will be constituted by air drawn from the treated air ducts (4, 14 and 15).
  • the position of the foraminous tube (5) may be completely under the control of a thermostat acting through actuator (6) or may be entirely dictated by a manual control acting through actuator (6), it is possible to mix these functions so that a manual control dictates a base position for the tube (5) which is modified by a thermostat or such that the position of the tube (5) is controlled by a thermostat within a range dictated by a manual control.
  • the perforated tube (5) allows control over the air flow from the duct (14) from full air flow to zero air flow and the rate of flow of air from the duct (14) into the housing (12) is linearly proportional to the displacement of the tube (5) from the end of the conduit (16).
  • the maximum rate of flow from the tube (5) into the housing (12) is easily selected by an appropriate choice of the specific free area provided by the perforations in the tube (5). All this provides a very accurate control over the flow of the high velocity air into the housing (12).
  • Fig. 3 shows a distribution terminal incorporating a further embodiment of a valve according to the invention.
  • a distribution terminal 30 has an inlet for primary air 31 leading through a control valve 32 to the interior of the distribution terminal.
  • Inlets 33 for air drawn from the room containing the terminal are provided on a front face of the terminal on either side of an outlet for air drawn into the terminal from the room mixed with air from the primary air inlet 31.
  • This secondary air outlet may be formed by a grill 34 behind which is positioned a centrifugal blower 35 of a crossflow or tangential type driven by a motor 36.
  • the valve comprises an outer cylindrical sheet metal wall member 37 having a hemi-cylindrical surface portion 38 provided with a multitude of small circular perforations. Portion 38 is disposed between two ciruclar end bands 39 which are not perforated. Within the cylindrical wall member 37 is received a generally cylindrical shutter 40 having a cut away portion forming an aperture 41 generally corresponding in size to the portion 38 containing the perforations in the cylindrical wall members 37. Gaskets (not shown) form a seal between the wall member and the cylindrical member at each end.
  • Radially directed arms 42 meet in the centre of each end face of the cylindrical member 40 at a bushing 43 in which is received a drive shaft 44 mounted to an end cap 45 which on its outer surface bears an electric motor 46 connected to the rod 44 for rotation thereof.
  • Rotation of the rod 44 causes rotation of the cylindrical shutter 40 within the cylinder 37 causing the aperture 41 to coincide to a greater or lesser extent with the perforate portion 38 of the member 37.
  • Electric motor 46 is connected to a thermostatic control which adjusts the position of the cylindrical shutter 40 in response to room temperature. In a modification of what is shown in Figs. 3 and 4, motor 46 may be replaced by a manually operable control to allow presetting of the position of the shutter 40 according to the expected heat demands for the particular terminal.
  • the static pressure in the primary air distribution ducts leading to the inlet 31 to the terminal produces a flow through the apertures in the member 37 proportional to the exposed area of the portion 38 containing the perforations.
  • the pressure drop across the perforate barrier is essentially the whole of the inlet pressure so that no static pressure is developed within the distribution terminal as a result of primary air flow. The unit therefore operates in a quite manner with accurate control of the flow of treated air through the primary air circuit
  • the distribution terminal shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is of the kind likely to be suitable for residental systems.
  • a distribution terminal 50 comprising an inlet 51 for primary treated air to a control valve 52. Air from the room enters the distribution terminal from below through an inlet 53 and mixes with primary air passing out of the control valve 52 in a mixing chamber 54 and is drawn from the mixing chamber 54 by a centrifugal blower 55 in an inline configuration and directed out of the terminal through exits 56.
  • the control valve 52 comprises a generally T-shaped housing, the inlet 51 constituting the upright of the T.
  • the cross member of the T is formed by a cylindrical closed-ended tubular member 57 having adjacent each closed end a cut away window covered by a perforated plate 58.
  • Each window extends around approximately half of the circumference of the tube 57 and extends inwardly from adjacent the respective end to a line continuing the base of the T formed by the inlet 51.
  • a rotatable shutter is provided mounted for rotation by a valve motor 59 provided on one end of the tube 57.
  • the rotatable shutter 60 is divided into two parts, one received adjacent each of the perforated plates 58. Each part of the shutter 60 is linked by a central dnve shaft (not shown) connected to the motor 59.
  • Each of the two parts of the shutter 60 is formed as a cylindrical tube having a window therein corresponding in size and shape to the perforated plate 58 so that the shutter 60 is rotatable so that the perforated plate 58 is entirely closed by an underlying, non-windowed portion of the shutter 60 and is also rotatable to a position in which the perforated plate 58 is fully open for fluid flow therethrough and is coincident with the aperture formed in the respective part of the shutter 60.
EP85307142A 1984-10-11 1985-10-04 Luftverteil-Einrichtung und Luftbehandlungssystem Expired - Lifetime EP0186268B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8425671 1984-10-11
GB848425671A GB8425671D0 (en) 1984-10-11 1984-10-11 Fluid control valves
GB8510583 1985-04-25
GB08510583A GB2165624B (en) 1984-10-11 1985-04-25 Air distribution terminals and air treatment systems

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0186268A2 true EP0186268A2 (de) 1986-07-02
EP0186268A3 EP0186268A3 (en) 1987-07-08
EP0186268B1 EP0186268B1 (de) 1990-06-13

Family

ID=26288329

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85307142A Expired - Lifetime EP0186268B1 (de) 1984-10-11 1985-10-04 Luftverteil-Einrichtung und Luftbehandlungssystem

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0186268B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3578204D1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014166517A1 (en) * 2013-04-08 2014-10-16 Lennjont Ab Roof ventilation
EP3306217A1 (de) * 2016-10-04 2018-04-11 Lindinvent AB Zuluftvorrichtung zur steuerung des zuluftstroms
EP3929496A1 (de) * 2020-06-25 2021-12-29 Power Logic Tech. Inc. Luftstromerzeugungsvorrichtung mit fähigkeit zur einstellung der luftkammer und darauf angewandtes verfahren
US20210404477A1 (en) * 2020-06-25 2021-12-30 Power Logic Tech. Inc. Airflow-generating device with ability to adjust air chamber and method applied thereto

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR619503A (fr) * 1926-07-26 1927-04-04 Perfectionnements aux soupapes de vapeur
US3127909A (en) * 1962-07-18 1964-04-07 Honeywell Regulator Co Rotary gate valve
GB1226089A (de) * 1969-05-06 1971-03-24
US3605787A (en) * 1969-12-04 1971-09-20 Chas M Bailey Co Inc Polyjet valve
US3669349A (en) * 1967-05-08 1972-06-13 William K Hall Jr Air flow control system
GB1316887A (en) * 1971-02-09 1973-05-16 Constant Air Systems Ltd Space heating apparatus
US3821968A (en) * 1973-01-26 1974-07-02 Acf Ind Inc Control valve structure having double ports
US3880191A (en) * 1974-03-21 1975-04-29 Hans D Baumann Rotary multiport throttling valve
DE2410231A1 (de) * 1974-03-04 1975-09-18 Max Planck Gesellschaft Schwingungsarmes, insbesondere geraeuscharmes stroemungsorgan, insbesondere drosselorgan
US3929285A (en) * 1974-03-25 1975-12-30 Jr Carl Francis Daugherty Air conditioning system
DE2654769A1 (de) * 1976-12-03 1978-06-08 Helbling Ag Ingenieurbueros Ventil zur geraeuscharmen drosselung stroemender, gasfoermiger medien
GB2069127A (en) * 1980-02-13 1981-08-19 Simmons R S A method of and system for supplying treated air

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR619503A (fr) * 1926-07-26 1927-04-04 Perfectionnements aux soupapes de vapeur
US3127909A (en) * 1962-07-18 1964-04-07 Honeywell Regulator Co Rotary gate valve
US3669349A (en) * 1967-05-08 1972-06-13 William K Hall Jr Air flow control system
GB1226089A (de) * 1969-05-06 1971-03-24
US3605787A (en) * 1969-12-04 1971-09-20 Chas M Bailey Co Inc Polyjet valve
GB1316887A (en) * 1971-02-09 1973-05-16 Constant Air Systems Ltd Space heating apparatus
US3821968A (en) * 1973-01-26 1974-07-02 Acf Ind Inc Control valve structure having double ports
DE2410231A1 (de) * 1974-03-04 1975-09-18 Max Planck Gesellschaft Schwingungsarmes, insbesondere geraeuscharmes stroemungsorgan, insbesondere drosselorgan
US3880191A (en) * 1974-03-21 1975-04-29 Hans D Baumann Rotary multiport throttling valve
US3929285A (en) * 1974-03-25 1975-12-30 Jr Carl Francis Daugherty Air conditioning system
DE2654769A1 (de) * 1976-12-03 1978-06-08 Helbling Ag Ingenieurbueros Ventil zur geraeuscharmen drosselung stroemender, gasfoermiger medien
GB2069127A (en) * 1980-02-13 1981-08-19 Simmons R S A method of and system for supplying treated air

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014166517A1 (en) * 2013-04-08 2014-10-16 Lennjont Ab Roof ventilation
EP3306217A1 (de) * 2016-10-04 2018-04-11 Lindinvent AB Zuluftvorrichtung zur steuerung des zuluftstroms
WO2018065363A1 (en) * 2016-10-04 2018-04-12 Lindinvent Ab Supply air device for controlling supply air flow
US11333396B2 (en) 2016-10-04 2022-05-17 Lindinvent Ab Supply air device for controlling supply air flow
EP3929496A1 (de) * 2020-06-25 2021-12-29 Power Logic Tech. Inc. Luftstromerzeugungsvorrichtung mit fähigkeit zur einstellung der luftkammer und darauf angewandtes verfahren
US20210404477A1 (en) * 2020-06-25 2021-12-30 Power Logic Tech. Inc. Airflow-generating device with ability to adjust air chamber and method applied thereto

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0186268A3 (en) 1987-07-08
EP0186268B1 (de) 1990-06-13
DE3578204D1 (de) 1990-07-19

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