EP0185930A2 - Device for guiding daylight - Google Patents

Abstract

Since only relatively small-area prismatic sub-plates have so far been able to be produced without distortion, large-area prismatic plates must be composed of several sub-plates (1.1), the connection being permanent and the effort for connecting the partial plates being as small as possible. According to the invention, adjacent sub-panels are connected to one another in two dimensions by at least one form-fitting plug connection with pegs (111, 112) and peg receptacles (121, 122), these plug connections being secured by locking devices (105 to 108; 200) which move the plugged together Do not allow partial panels in the third dimension.

Description

The invention relates to a device for directing daylight with a prismatic plate according to the preamble of claim 1.

Since it has so far not been possible to produce large-area (e.g. 40 x 40 cm) and relatively thick (e.g. 5 mm) prismatic lenses made of plastic g3 (e.g. made of polymethylmetracrylate-PMMA) with sufficient accuracy and without distortion, such prismatic panels were made from small partial panels put together. For this purpose, the partial panels were glued together on their narrow frontal edge sides, which, however, resulted in a high manufacturing outlay. In addition, the adhesive causes annoying precipitation and affects the mechanical stability (cracking) in the long term if such prismatic plates are arranged in a closed interior between glass panes.

The invention is therefore based on the object of designing the partial plates and / or additional connecting means in such a way that the partial plates can be assembled in a simple manner to form a large prism plate without using an adhesive.

The inventive solution to this problem is characterized in claim 1. Thereafter, simple form-fitting plug-in connections with pegs and matching peg receptacles initially ensure that the partial plates are held together in two dimensions, preferably inside the plate level. A detachment of the plug connections in the direction of the third dimension - transverse to the plane of the board - is prevented by locking devices.

The pins are preferably dovetail-shaped and made in one piece with a partial plate. In the context of the invention, however, each pin can also be a separate part and can be inserted in adjacent pin receptacles of the partial plates to be connected. In this case, the pin is symmetrical to a central plane, in particular dovetail-shaped on both sides of the central plane. The partial slabs only ran - identically shaped - pin receptacles. These can be arranged parallel or at right angles to the plate plane.

Each locking device basically consists of a locking shoulder on a partial plate and a locking stop on the adjacent partial plate, such that the locking stop overlaps the locking shoulder of the other partial plate when the partial plates are plugged together.

In the simplest case, the locking stop of each locking device can be arranged at the end of a spring arm and this in the region of an edge side of a partial plate in such a way that the spring arm is first pushed back - thanks to a contact surface - when the partial plates are put together. In the end position of the hooked partial plates, the locking stop springs into a recess in the other partial plate and overlaps the locking shoulder of the other partial plate. The spring arm can be arranged on the edge side with the pins or on the edge side with the pin receptacles: in the former case the free end of the spring arm faces the locking stop on the active side, in the other case the base side of the partial plates. Spring arm and locking stop can also be on a pin or be arranged on the walls of a peg receptacle. The spring arm, locking stop and partial plate preferably form an integral part in each case.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the check stopper each locking device is arranged on the upper part of a holder which is inserted in a recess in the active side of the assembled sub-panels, said recess of part-recesses and the Arretierabsät _'zen is limited to the assembled part-plates. The upper part of the holder can have a flat surface on the outside or continue the profile of the active side in the area of the recess. The holder extends with a holding piece through a locking opening enclosed by the locking heels and is held in the locking opening by a latching hook at the end of the holding piece.

The holding piece and the upper part of the holder can be two separate parts which are inserted through the locking opening from the two sides of the plugged-together partial plates and connected to one another in a form-fitting or material-locking manner.

It is more advantageous to make the upper part and the holding piece in one piece and to use two resilient holding arms as holding pieces, which have a latching hook at the end.

The cutout for the upper part of the holder is arranged in the area of the edge sides of the assembled partial plates and is delimited by partial cutouts of the same size in the adjacent partial plates: If a holder is arranged in the area of an edge side between the corners of the partial plates, the cutout for the holder is made by two partial recesses are formed, each for Half lie in each of the partial plates colliding at this point.

If four partial plates collide in a corner, it is particularly advantageous to arrange the holder in this corner. In this case, the recess for the holder is formed by four partial recesses, each partial recess forming a quarter of the contour of the recess for the upper part of the holder.

As a rule, a prismatic plate composed of partial plates is arranged floating between the glass panes of a pane assembly: in the interior between the glass panes, several prismatic plates can also be arranged one above the other. In this case, the prism plates are expediently supported with their holders in that these holders lie on one another with supporting surfaces. A defined distance between the prism plates can be achieved in that one of the two superimposed holders has a spacer with the mentioned support surface. The superimposed support surfaces of the two holders can run parallel to the base of one of the prismatic plates or continue the profile of the active sides in the area of the recess.

In addition, a holder can also have a spacer on the side opposite the active side, which protrudes beyond the base side of the prismatic plate: this also allows a defined distance to be achieved on this side, for example to an adjacent glass pane.

In view of the strong, temperature-related changes (up to 8 mm) in the distance between the glass panes of a pane assembly, it has proven particularly useful Moderately proven to equip the holder with a receptacle for a spring-loaded spacer.

The mutually parallel eilplatte by inclined surfaces limited embankments or trenches on the active side of each ^T may extend to an edge side at any angle. On the other hand, if you want to work with identical part plates (only one injection mold), then the number and arrangement of pins and pin receptacles must be based on this angle. Particularly simple conditions result with a square partial plate with a side length of 20 to 40 cm and n walls or trenches running parallel to an edge side, n being an integer. In this case, at least two pegs are provided on each of two adjacent edge sides, a corresponding number of peg receptacles are provided on the two other edge sides and a partial recess is provided on each corner.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

• FIG 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine Teilplatte,
• FIG 2 den Eckbereich von vier solchen Teilplatten vor dem Zusammenstecken in perspektivischer Darstellung,
• FIG 3 eine vergrößerte Teilansicht entlang Linie III-III in FIG 2 und 4 bei zusammengesteckten Teilplatten,
• FIG 4 eine Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeiles IV in FIG 3,
• FIG 5 einen Schnitt durch einen Scheibenverbund mit zwei Prismenplatten,
• FIG 6 einen Schnitt durch den Randbereich in FIG 5 mit einem Abstandshalter in vergrößerter Darstellung,
• FIG 7 einen Schnitt durch einen Bereich in FIG 5 mit zwei Haltern, ebenfalls in größerem Maßstab, und
• FIG 8 einen Schnitt wie FIG 6 mit einem anderen Abstandshalter.

The invention is illustrated by the figures; show it

• 1 shows a plan view of a partial plate,
• 2 shows the corner area of four such partial panels before being put together in a perspective view,
• 3 shows an enlarged partial view along line III-III in FIGS. 2 and 4 with partial plates plugged together,
• 4 shows a view in the direction of arrow IV in FIG. 3,
• 5 shows a section through a pane assembly with two prismatic plates,
• 6 shows a section through the edge region in FIG. 5 with a spacer in an enlarged view,
• 7 shows a section through an area in FIG. 5 with two holders, also on a larger scale, and
• 8 shows a section like FIG. 6 with another spacer.

The square sub-plate 1.1 is shown in FIG. 1 in a top view, so that its active side 10 can be seen, on which walls and trenches are arranged alternately side by side. The ramparts are bounded by two inclined surfaces that enclose an acute angle between them. The ramparts thus have the form of prismatic rods and run parallel to one another and to two edge sides 11, 14. Between these edge sides there are n walls or trenches, each with an identical contour, n being an integer. Preferably, the angle between the inclined surfaces 90 ° and the inclined surfaces of each wall facing the same edge side is mirrored by vapor-deposited aluminum: With such a prismatic plate, sunlight - below a critical angle - can be kept out of a room and bright zenith light - above this critical angle can be directed into the room .

Four pegs 112 and 111 with a dovetail profile are arranged on one edge side 11 and an adjacent edge side 13 of the partial plate, which edge extends at right angles thereto; they are each at a distance from the corners of the partial plate, are flush at the bottom with their base side 15 and do not extend to the active side 10 (cf. FIG. 2).

On the two other edge sides 12 and 14, the partial plate has four peg receptacles 121 and 122 open to the edge side and to the base side of such a shape and arrangement that several identical partial plates follow FIG 1 can be assembled seamlessly and flush to form a large prism plate, as shown in FIG 2.

The distance a or b between two pins 111 and 112 and the corresponding distance between the associated pin receptacles is somewhat different on the edge sides 13 and 11: This prevents incorrect assembly of the partial plates.

At each corner, the partial plate 1.1 according to FIG. 1 has a partial recess 101, 102, 103, 104 which extends from the active side 10 to a locking shoulder 105, 106, 107, 108 and is delimited by two boundary surfaces 1011, 1021 of the same length which run parallel or perpendicular to the edge sides 11 to 14: Therefore, if four partial plates 1.1 - as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 - are put together to form a prismatic plate, the partial recesses 101 to 104 of the four meeting corners of the four partial plates form a square recess 100, which extends from the active side 10 of the prismatic plate to the locking heels 105, 106, 107, 108. The latter have a rectangular cross section, run parallel to the interfaces 1011, 1021 and to the base side 15 and are set back relative to this base side 15; together they enclose a locking opening 1000.

In the recess 100 formed by the four partial plates, a top view of a square holder 2 - FIGS. 3, 4 - is inserted, the upper part 20 of which fits exactly into this recess 100 and has a flat support surface 22 which is flush with the active side 10 or slightly above lies (dashed in FIG 3). The holder 2 has a holding piece, consisting of two resilient holding arms 21, which extend through the aria opening 1000 and the locking heels 105, 106 and 107, 108 with latching hooks 210 grip that do not protrude into the plane of the base side 15: the locking stops 200 of the holder 2 are pressed against the locking shoulders 105 to 108 of the partial plates 1.1. The partial plates which are plugged together according to FIGS. 2 and 4 can therefore no longer be detached, since this would require displacement of the partial plates transversely to their base side 15, but such a movement is not permitted by the holder 2. As a result of the distribution of the pegs and peg receptacles on a partial plate according to FIG. 1, two relatively narrow, mutually opposite holding arms 21 according to FIG. 4 are sufficient, which are parallel to one another and to an edge side, preferably to the walls of the active side 10.

The holder 2 has on the inside between its holding arms 21 a receptacle 23 - preferably with a cylindrical bore - into which a spacer bolt 24 and a spring 25 pushing it out of the receptacle can be inserted, as illustrated in FIG.

With the help of the holder 2, the distance of a prismatic plate to neighboring components can also be determined. For this purpose, the holder can have a spacer 220 projecting beyond the active side - shown in broken lines in FIG. 3 - and / or a spacer 230 shown in broken lines on its underside; the latter is formed by the walls of the receptacle 23 projecting beyond the base side 15.

5 shows a pane assembly with two glass panes 31, 32 which are connected to one another by edge pieces 30 and thus enclose a sealed interior 300. In this, two prismatic plates 1, 1 ', consisting of several partial plates which are plugged together, are arranged in a floating manner, in such a way that their difference Lich trained active pages are directed against each other. The partial plates of each prismatic plate are positively plugged together and locked by holders, as was explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. In connection with the prism plate 1, a holder 2.1 is used, which has on its upper side a spacer 220 with a support surface 22 which projects beyond the active side of this prism plate and is seated on the support surface of a holder 2.2 of the other prism plate 1 '. The support surface 22 of the holder 2.2 of the lower prism plate 1 'is flush with the active side: in this way, the distance between the prism plates 1, 1' is determined by the holder 2.1, 2.2.

The holder 2.2 has a spacer 230 through which the distance of the base 15 of the prism plate 1 'from the glass pane 32 is determined.

The prism plates 1 and 1 'are guided in their edge region by spacers 4: Such a spacer has a shaft 40 with a spacer head 41 and is inserted into an edge bore 16' in the prism plate 1 'which matches the shaft. A three-armed spacer 43 is pushed onto the shaft 40, which rests on the edges of the active side of the lower prismatic disk 1 'and on the other hand supports the active side of the upper prismatic disk 1: In this way, the distance between the prismatic plates in the edge area is ensured.

The edge bore 16 for the shaft 40 in the upper prism plate 1 is chosen to be larger than the diameter of the shaft 40, so that the two prism plates can move against one another - thermally as a result.

The two prismatic plates are mounted in the edge region of the pane assembly with practically no play between the glass panes 31, 32 by placing a spacer cap 42 of appropriate height on the end of the shaft 40 (FIG. 6). Since the dependence of the distance between the glass panes 31, 32 on temperature and air pressure increases towards the center of the pane assembly, a spring 25 and a spacer bolt 24 are inserted into the receptacle 23 of the holder 2.1 in the upper prism plate 1: this causes the two prism plates pressed against the lower glass pane 32 - always facing the interior. In this way, an equidistant arrangement of the prism plates 1, 1 ¹ relative to each other and to the glass pane 32 is ensured, provided that the height of the spacer head 41 of the edge connector 4 is equal to the height of the spacer 230 of the holder 2.2 and the thickness of the Spacers 43 are equal to the height of the spacer 220 of the holder 2.1.

The prism plates 1, 1 'have a much larger coefficient of thermal expansion than the glass panes. They are therefore at a sufficient distance from the edge pieces 30 and can therefore move freely in the interior 30: they are floating.

According to FIG. 7, a locking piece 50 with a flange 52 and a neck 51 is attached to the holder 2.2 from below: the holding arms 21 are secured with the latching hooks 210 in the position shown by the neck 51. The flange 52 also acts as a spacer (e.g. instead of 230).

According to a development of the invention, each prismatic plate is arranged between two guide legs, which are connected to the inside of the insulating glass web are that the guide legs run parallel to the glass panes and form a second embodiment of a spacer. Two guide legs each form a groove, the spacing of which is selected according to the thickness of a prism plate and in which this prism plate can move freely.

The guide limbs are preferably made of translucent, in particular transparent, material, so that they interfere little in the edge region of the composite window.

It is within the scope of the invention to combine the two guide legs assigned to a prism plate with a mounting leg running transversely to them to form a profile piece which is connected to the insulating glass web with the aid of the mounting leg.

If several prismatic plates are to be arranged one above the other between the glass panes, it is advisable to assemble the spacer from several profile pieces with guide legs and assembly legs: It is then easier to adhere to very small manufacturing tolerances for the distances between the guide legs.

An exemplary embodiment of this type is shown in FIG. 8, in which the edge region of a composite window is shown in cross section. The two glass panes 31 and 32 are connected by an insulating glass web 33 known per se, the interior of which is filled with a molecular sieve. The outside of the insulating glass web 33 is filled between the protruding glass panes 31 and 32 by an adhesive.

On the inside of the., Solierglasteges 33, the spacer 4.1 is attached, which here consists of three profiles pieces is composed: Each profile piece consists of a guide leg 41.1, 42.1, 43.1 and a mounting leg 411.1, 421.1, 431.1. These profile pieces with an angular profile are connected to the inside of the insulating glass web 33 by rivets or screws so that the assembly legs abut each other without gaps. The length of these mounting legs thus determines the distance between adjacent guide legs and thus the width of the groove into which the prism plates 1, 1 'are inserted.

List of terms

• 1, 1 'prism plate sloping wall trench
• 1.1 partial plate
• 10 active side
• 11, 12, 13, 14 edge side
• 15 base page
• 16, 16 'edge hole
• 100 recess
• 101, 102, 103, 104 partial recess
• 1011, 1021 interface locking device
• 105, 106, 107, 108 locking heel
• 1000 locking opening plug connection
• 111, 112 cones
• 121, 122 pin receptacle
• 2; 2.1, 2.2 holder
• 20 top
• 200 locking stop holding piece
• 21 holding arm
• 210 locking hooks
• 22 support surface
• 220, 230 spacer
• 23 recording
• 24 spacers
• 25 spring disc assembly
• 31, 32 glass pane
• 30, 30.1 edge piece
• 300 interior
• 33 insulating glass bridge
• 4, 4.1 spacer 40 shaft
• 41 spacer head
• 42 spacer cap
• 43 spacer
• 41.1, 42.1, 43.1 guide leg
• 411.1, 421.1, 431.1 mounting leg
• 50 locking piece
• 51 neck
• 52 flange

Claims (17)

1. Device for directing daylight with a prismatic plate made of plastic glass, which has a base side (15) and a parallel ramparts or trenches, each with an identical contour, active side (10), consisting of at least two partial plates (1.1), which have at least one edge side (11 to 14) adjoin one another without gaps and are connected to one another, characterized in that the partial plates (1.1) are connected to one another in two dimensions by at least one form-fitting plug connection with a pin (111, 112) and a pin receptacle (121, 122), and that Plug connection in the third dimension is secured by a locking device (105 to 108; 200). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that each pin (111, 112) is dovetail-shaped, protrudes from one of the edge sides (11 to 14) of a partial plate (1.1) and forms an integral molded part with this partial plate that the pin receptacle (121 , 122) to the base side (15) and an edge side (11 to 14) is open, and that each locking device consists of a locking shoulder (105 to 108) on a partial plate and a locking stop which is connected to the adjacent partial plate and which in the case of assembled partial panels, the locking shoulder of the other partial panel overlaps. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the locking stop of each locking device at the end of a Fedf _' rarmes and this is arranged in the region of an edge side of a partial plate, and that the spring arm, locking stop and partial plate are formed as a one-piece part. 4. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the locking stop (200) of each locking device on the upper part (20) of a holder (2; 2.1, 2.2) is arranged in that the upper part (20) in a recess (100) in the Active side (10) of the assembled partial plates (1.1) sits that the recess (100) is limited by partial recesses (101 to 104) and the locking heels (105 to 108) of the connected partial plates (1.1), and that the holder (2; 2.1 , 2.2) engages with a holding piece (21) through a locking opening (1000) enclosed by the locking heels (105 to 108) and engages over the locking heels (105 to 108) with a latching hook (210). 5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the holding piece and the upper part of the holder are two separate, interconnected parts. 6. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that two resilient holding arms (21) serve as a holding piece, and that these holding arms (21) and the upper part (20) of the holder (2; 2.1, 2.2) are integrally formed. 7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the holder (2; 2.1, 2.2) between its holding arms (21) has a receptacle (23) for a spacer bolt (24) and a spring (25) pressing it out of the receptacle. 8. Device according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that the holder (2; 2.1, 2.2) projects over the active side (10) of the prism plate and / or the base side (15) with spacers (220, 230). 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the upper part (20) continues the profile of the active side (10) of the partial plates in the region of the recess. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in
that each partial plate (1.1) - is square, - on each of two mutually perpendicular edge sides (11, 13) at least two dovetail-shaped pins (111, 112) each with a different distance (a, b), - On the two other edge sides (12, 14) two matching pin receptacles (121, 122) and has a partial cutout (102 to 104) with boundary surfaces (1011, 1021) of the same length parallel to the edge sides at each corner,
and that n walls or trenches run parallel to an edge side, where n is an integer. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the prismatic plate (1, 1 ') is arranged in a floating manner in an interior (300) of two parallel glass panes (31, 32) and peripheral pieces connecting them all around ( 30) is enclosed. 12. The device according to claim 11 with at least two equidistant prism plates (1, 1 '), characterized in that the prism plates are guided in the edge region by spacers (4; 4.1), that each spacer (4) has a shaft (40) which is inserted through edge bores (16, 16 ') of the prism plates (1, 1') and has a spacer head (41) or an attached spacer cap (42) at its ends , that spacer disks (43) lie between the prism plates (1, 1 '), which are directed towards each other with their active sides, each of which is placed on the shaft (40) of a spacer (4), that the edge bores (16) in one of the two prism plates are larger than the diameter of the shaft (40), and that the prismatic plates are held practically free of play between the glass panes (31, 32) by the spacers (4). 13. Device with two glass panes (31, 32) which are tightly connected to one another all around by an insulating glass web (33), with at least one prismatic plate (1, 1 ') floating between these glass panes, and with a spacer (2), which determines the position of each prism plate 1, 1 ') between the glass panes, characterized in that the spacer (4.1) is attached to the inside of the insulating glass web (33) and has at least two guide legs (41.1, 42.1, 43.1) which are parallel extend to the glass panes (31, 32) and guide the prism plate (1, 1 ') between them. 14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the spacer (4.1) has a mounting leg (411.1, 421.1, 431.1) which rests on the inside of the insulating glass web (33) and is connected to it by a fixed bearing and at least one floating bearing and protrude from the guide leg (41.1, 42.1, 43.1) at right angles. 15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that the mounting leg and at least two guide legs form a profile piece. 16. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that each guide leg (41.1, 42.1, 43.1) with its own mounting leg (411.1, 421.1, 431.1) forms a profile piece and that the profile pieces are connected to the insulating glass web (33) so that their Butt assembly legs together without gaps. 17. Device according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that at least the guide legs consist of translucent material, in particular of transparent material.

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