EP0184634B1 - Ladle for receiving and optionally after-treating and/or transporting hot liquid metals - Google Patents

Ladle for receiving and optionally after-treating and/or transporting hot liquid metals Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0184634B1
EP0184634B1 EP85113038A EP85113038A EP0184634B1 EP 0184634 B1 EP0184634 B1 EP 0184634B1 EP 85113038 A EP85113038 A EP 85113038A EP 85113038 A EP85113038 A EP 85113038A EP 0184634 B1 EP0184634 B1 EP 0184634B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lining
domed
ladle
impact
hump
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Expired
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EP85113038A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0184634A1 (en
Inventor
Siegfried Dipl.-Ing. Ottawa
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Lichtenberg Feuerfest GmbH
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Lichtenberg Feuerfest GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/003—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with impact pads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pan for receiving and possibly post-treatment and / or transport of hot, liquid metals which are poured into the pan from an upstream melting unit, with a lining made of high-temperature resistant material, such as. B. firebricks that lie side by side cover the bottom and the side walls of the pan and have an impact element at the point of impact of the pouring jet, which protrudes beyond the adjacent surface of the lining.
  • a lining made of high-temperature resistant material, such as. B. firebricks that lie side by side cover the bottom and the side walls of the pan and have an impact element at the point of impact of the pouring jet, which protrudes beyond the adjacent surface of the lining.
  • Pans for liquid metals are used not only for transport, but also as reaction vessels for post-treatment of the metals. They are therefore closed with a lid that has only a moderately large opening through which the liquid metal from the melting unit is poured into the pan.
  • the pouring jet always hits the bottom of the pan at the same point, which places more stress on this point of impact than the other areas of the floor lining.
  • the floor lining at the point of impact of the pouring jet is destroyed earlier and to a greater extent than in the rest of the area.
  • the pan In the event of advanced wear and tear at the point of impact of the pouring jet, the pan must therefore be taken out of operation and re-bricked before the remaining parts of the pan base are worn out.
  • torpedo pans In order to take into account the wear of the lining at the point of impact of the pouring jet, it is known in torpedo pans to reinforce the lining by using thicker stones in the impact area of the pouring jet (DE-PS-31 14 069).
  • the lining must also be here adapted to the curved bottom of the torpedo pan and therefore bricked from several smaller stones, between which there are joints in which the impinging pouring jet can begin its work of destruction. Due to the concave design of the torpedo pan and its lining, there is also considerable turbulence in the area of the impact point, which leads to premature destruction of the lining at this point.
  • the object of the invention is to spread the pouring jet when it hits the bottom of the pan without significant turbulence and to design the impact point in such a way that premature wear of the lining is prevented at this point.
  • the impact element is a hump element inserted into the lining, the hump surface directed against the pouring jet merging into the surface of the adjacent lining without a step and the smallest diameter or smallest side length of which is larger at the transition to this surface than the diameter of the pouring jet at the point of impact.
  • This configuration ensures that the pouring jet, when it strikes the pan base, is spread by the hump element without any significant swirling of the liquid metal over the hump surface and flows at the edges thereof with an essentially laminar flow onto the remaining surface of the adjacent brick lining, into which the hump element passes without paragraph.
  • the hump element is expediently a monolithic hump stone, which takes up about a sixth to a quarter of the surface of the floor lining. As a result, there is no joint in the area of the entire impact point at which the metal flowing down with high energy could attack.
  • the hump element can have differently shaped hump surfaces.
  • the hump surface can be spherical, pyramid-shaped or in the manner of a cross-vault surface. It is particularly expedient if the hump surface has a central, convex part which merges into concave edge parts which connect tangentially to the surrounding surface of the lining. The entire deflection of the direction of movement then takes place in the area of the hump element.
  • the hump element can be arranged more in the middle or on the edge of the pan. In the latter case, it is expedient if an edge of the base part of the hump element, which is inserted into the lining, is adapted to the curvature of the side wall lining.
  • 10 denotes a pan for the aftertreatment and transportation of liquid metals, for example liquid steel, which consists of a container 11 made of steel or cast steel, which is covered on its upper side with a lid 12, which has a pouring opening 13 having.
  • the container 11 is provided with a lining 14 made of high-temperature-resistant refractory bricks 15, which are arranged in an association and form the side wall lining 16 and the bottom lining 17 of the pan.
  • a hump element 20 is inserted into the floor lining 17, which is designed as a monolithic hump stone and also consists of a high-temperature resistant material.
  • the humpstone is significantly larger in plan than the individual firebricks 15 of the floor lining 17, but its base part 21 has the same height h as the firebricks.
  • the hump stone has a hump surface 22 which protrudes beyond the surface 23 of the adjacent floor brick 17 and merges into the adjacent wall 17 at the edges 24 of the hump stone 20.
  • the smallest diameter D of the hump stone 20 or the smallest side length of the cross section at the transition to the surface 23 is substantially larger than the diameter d of the pouring jet 19 at the point of impact of the pouring jet.
  • the hump stone 20 can, depending on the type of brickwork 14, have different floor plans. It can be circular, square, rectangular or also designed such that one of the edges 24 of the base part 21 is adapted to the curvature of the side wall lining 16. This is expedient if the pan 10 has a circular outline and the point of impact 18 of the pouring jet 19 lies approximately at the point where the floor lining 17 merges into the side wall lining 16.
  • 3 to 10 show various embodiments of hump stones according to the invention, which can be made, for example, of chamotte or also of a high-temperature-resistant hard rock.
  • the hump stone shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has a curved hump surface 22, which has an approximately spherical shape in the middle, but changes to straight edges after the edges 24, so that there is no shoulder in the middle of the edges 24 either.
  • the hump surface 22 is formed by a flat, four-sided pyramid which rises above the base part 21.
  • the hump surface 22 has the shape of a cross-arch surface, the four arch surfaces 22a, 22b, 22c and 22d of which meet in a tip 25.
  • the hump surface 22 has a central, convex part 22e which is divided into concave edge parts 22f. 22g, 22h and 22i passes.
  • the base part 21 has the same height h at every point of the stone, which corresponds to the thickness of the lining. All edges 24 of the hump stone are therefore in the same plane as the surface 23 of the floor lining 17, regardless of the manner in which the hump surface 22 is designed, whether it is spherical, pyramid-shaped or convex-concave curved or as a cross-vaulted surface che is trained.
  • the monolithic hump stone takes up about a sixth to a quarter of the surface of the floor lining.
  • the size of the hump stone depends on the height of the pouring jet and the amount of steel per unit of time that is poured into the pan.
  • the hump stone 20 can also be arranged at the lower edge of the pan and its hump surface can be raised at the edge of the pan if the point of impact lies on the inner edge between the floor lining 17 and the side wall lining 14.
  • Other configurations of the hump surface are also possible. It is essential, however, that the hump surface rises above the surface of the adjacent brick lining and that there is a continuous transition to the surface of the brick lining on all sides, so that the pouring stream does not find any steps or projections.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Abstract

1. Ladle for receiving and, where necessary, for subsequent treatment and/or transportation of hot, molten, metals which are poured from a preceding melting unit into the ladle (10), which a lining (14) made of high-temperature-resistant material such as, for example, chamotte bricks which lie adjacent to one another and cover the base and side walls of the ladle and have, at the point of impact (18) of the pouring stream of molten metal (19), an impact element which projects above the adjacent surface (23) of the lining (14), characterized in that the impact element is a domed element (20) inset into the lining (14), of which the domed surface (22) is directed against the pouring stream of molten metal and blends without a step into the surface (23) of the adjacent lining (17) and of which the smallest diameter D or the smallest edge length at the transition to this surface (23) is larger than the diameter (d) of the pouring stream of molten metal (19) at the point of impact (18).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Pfanne zum Aufnehmen und ggf. Nachbehandeln und/oder Transportieren von heißen, flüssigen Metallen, die aus einem vorgeschalteten Schmelzaggregat in die Pfanne eingegossen werden, mit einer Ausmauerung aus hochtemperaturbeständigem Material, wie z. B. Schamottesteinen, die nebeneinanderliegend den Boden und die Seitenwände der Pfanne bedecken und an der Auftreffstelle des Gießstrahles ein Aufprallelement aufweisen, das über die benachbarte Oberfläche der Ausmauerung herausragt.The invention relates to a pan for receiving and possibly post-treatment and / or transport of hot, liquid metals which are poured into the pan from an upstream melting unit, with a lining made of high-temperature resistant material, such as. B. firebricks that lie side by side cover the bottom and the side walls of the pan and have an impact element at the point of impact of the pouring jet, which protrudes beyond the adjacent surface of the lining.

Pfannen für flüssige Metalle, insbesondere Stahlgießpfannen, werden nicht nur zum Transport, sondern auch als Reaktionsgefäße zum Nachbehandeln der Metalle benutzt. Sie werden deshalb mit einem Deckel verschlossen, der nur eine mäßig große Öffnung aufweist, durch die das flüssige Metall aus dem Schmelzaggregat in die Pfanne eingegossen wird. Der Gießstrahl trifft hierdurch immer an der gleichen Stelle auf den Pfannenboden auf, wodurch diese Auftreffstelle stärker beansprucht wird als die übrigen Bereiche der Bodenausmauerung. Ausgehend von den Fugen zwischen den nebeneinander im Verband gemauerten Schamottesteinen, wird die Bodenausmauerung an der Auftreffstelle des Gießstrahles früher und in höherem Maße zerstört als im übrigen Bereich. Die Pfanne muß deshalb bei fortgeschrittenem Verschleiß an der Auftreffstelle des Gießstrahles schon aus dem Betrieb genommen und neu ausgemauert werden, bevor die übrigen Teile des Pfannenbodens verschlissen sind.Pans for liquid metals, in particular steel ladles, are used not only for transport, but also as reaction vessels for post-treatment of the metals. They are therefore closed with a lid that has only a moderately large opening through which the liquid metal from the melting unit is poured into the pan. As a result, the pouring jet always hits the bottom of the pan at the same point, which places more stress on this point of impact than the other areas of the floor lining. Starting from the joints between the firebricks that are bricked next to each other in the bandage, the floor lining at the point of impact of the pouring jet is destroyed earlier and to a greater extent than in the rest of the area. In the event of advanced wear and tear at the point of impact of the pouring jet, the pan must therefore be taken out of operation and re-bricked before the remaining parts of the pan base are worn out.

Bei einer Pfanne der eingangs näher erläuterten Art (FR-A-2 316 027) ist es bekannt, auf der Auftreffstelle des Gießstrahles einen Aufprallblock vorzusehen, der auf die Ausmauerung aufgesetzt ist und von einem kleinen zylindrischen Behälter umgeben wird. Der Behälter soll das beim Auftreffen auf den Block zur Seite spritzende flüssige Metall auffangen und sammeln, bevor es aus diesem in die Pfanne überfließt. Bei diesem Überfließen bilden sich Turbulenzen, die den Boden der Ausmauerung stark beanspruchen und unmittelbar neben dem Überflußbehälter zerstören. Da Auftreffblock und Behälter sehr klein sind, ist es möglich, daß der Gießstrahl den Auftreffblock verfehlt oder den Spritzbehälter überspült und seitlich neben diesem niederkommt und dort eine rasche Zerstörung der Bodenausmauerung bewirkt.In a pan of the type described in more detail at the beginning (FR-A-2 316 027), it is known to provide an impact block on the point of impact of the pouring jet, which is placed on the lining and is surrounded by a small cylindrical container. The container is intended to collect and collect the liquid metal splashing to the side when it hits the block before it overflows into the pan. With this overflow, turbulence forms, which places a heavy load on the floor of the lining and destroys it directly next to the overflow tank. Since the impingement block and the container are very small, it is possible that the pouring jet misses the impingement block or rinses the spray container and comes down to the side of it and there causes a rapid destruction of the floor lining.

Um dem Verschleiß der Ausmauerung an der Auftreffstelle des Gießstrahles Rechnung zu tragen, ist es bei Torpedopfannen bekannt, die Ausmauerung dadurch zu verstärken, daß im Auftreffbereich des Gießstrahles dickere Steine verwendet sind (DE-PS-31 14 069), Die Ausmauerung muß auch hier dem gekrümmten Boden der Torpedopfanne angepaßt und deshalb aus mehreren kleineren Steinen gemauert werden, zwischen denen sich Fugen befinden, in denen der auftreffende Gießstrahl sein Zerstörungswerk beginnen kann. Durch die konkave Ausbildung der Torpedopfanne und ihrer Auskleidung kommt es außerdem im Bereich der Auftreffstelle zu erheblichen Turbulenzen, die zu einer vorzeitigen Zerstörung der Ausmauerung an dieser Stelle führen.In order to take into account the wear of the lining at the point of impact of the pouring jet, it is known in torpedo pans to reinforce the lining by using thicker stones in the impact area of the pouring jet (DE-PS-31 14 069). The lining must also be here adapted to the curved bottom of the torpedo pan and therefore bricked from several smaller stones, between which there are joints in which the impinging pouring jet can begin its work of destruction. Due to the concave design of the torpedo pan and its lining, there is also considerable turbulence in the area of the impact point, which leads to premature destruction of the lining at this point.

Um diese Turbulenzen zu begrenzen, ist es bei Torpedopfannen auch bekannt, im Bereich der Auftreffstelle des Gießstrahles einen Muldenstein vorzusehen (DE-AS-11 1 82 679), durch den gleich zu Beginn des Eingießens eine Lache oder ein Sumpf aufrechterhalten wird, in den das Metall eingegossen wird. Dieser Sumpf entfaltet seine Wirksamkeit jedoch erst, nachdem eine gewisse Menge des Metalles eingegossen ist. Beim Beginn der Neubefüllung liegt die Ausmauerung schutzlos frei, so daß der Gießstrahl voll auf den Aus-mauerungsboden trifft und dort seine zerstörerische Wirkung entfalten kann.In order to limit this turbulence, it is also known in the case of torpedo pans to provide a trough stone in the region of the point of impact of the pouring jet (DE-AS-11 1 82 679), by means of which a pool or a swamp is maintained right at the start of the pouring into the the metal is poured in. However, this sump only becomes effective after a certain amount of the metal has been poured in. At the start of refilling, the lining is exposed without protection, so that the pouring jet hits the lining floor fully and can develop its destructive effect there.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, den Gießstrahl beim Auftreffen auf den Boden der Pfanne ohne wesentliche Turbulenzen auszubreiten und die Auftreffstelle so auszubilden, daß ein voreilender Verschleiß der Ausmauerung an dieser Stelle verhindert wird.The object of the invention is to spread the pouring jet when it hits the bottom of the pan without significant turbulence and to design the impact point in such a way that premature wear of the lining is prevented at this point.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß das Aufprallelement ein in die Ausmauerung eingefügtes Buckelelement ist, dessen gegen den Gießstrahl gerichtete Buckelfläche ohne Absatz in die Oberfläche der benachbarten Ausmauerung übergeht und deren kleinster Durchmesser bzw. kleinste Seitenlänge am Übergang zu dieser Oberfläche größer ist als der Durchmesser des Gießstrahles an der Auftreftstelle.This object is achieved with the invention in that the impact element is a hump element inserted into the lining, the hump surface directed against the pouring jet merging into the surface of the adjacent lining without a step and the smallest diameter or smallest side length of which is larger at the transition to this surface than the diameter of the pouring jet at the point of impact.

Durch diese Ausgestaltung wird erreicht, daß der Gießstrahl beim Auftreffen auf den Pfannenboden von dem Buckelelement ohne nennenswerte Verwirbelung des flüssigen Metalles über die Buckelfläche ausgebreitet wird und an dessen Rändern mit im wesentlichen laminarer Strömung auf die übrige Oberfläche der benachbarten Ausmauerung fließt, in die das Buckelelement ohne Absatz übergeht.This configuration ensures that the pouring jet, when it strikes the pan base, is spread by the hump element without any significant swirling of the liquid metal over the hump surface and flows at the edges thereof with an essentially laminar flow onto the remaining surface of the adjacent brick lining, into which the hump element passes without paragraph.

Das Buckelelement ist zweckmäßig ein monolithischer Buckelstein, der etwa ein Sechstel bis ein Viertel der Oberfläche der Bodenausmauerung einnimmt. Es gibt hierdurch im Bereich der ganzen Auftreffstelle keine Fuge, an der das mit hoher Energie herabströmende Metall angreifen könnte.The hump element is expediently a monolithic hump stone, which takes up about a sixth to a quarter of the surface of the floor lining. As a result, there is no joint in the area of the entire impact point at which the metal flowing down with high energy could attack.

Das Buckelelement kann verschiedenartig gestaltete Buckelflächen haben. So kann die Buckelfläche sphärisch, pyramidenförmig oder nach Art einer Kreuzgewölbefläche gestaltet sein. Besonders zweckmäßig ist es, wenn die Buckelfläche einen mittleren, konvexen Teil aufweist, der in konkave Randteile übergeht, die sich tangential an die umgebende Oberfläche der Ausmauerung anschließen. Die gesamte Umlenkung der Bewegungsrichtung erfolgt dann im Bereich des Buckelelementes.The hump element can have differently shaped hump surfaces. For example, the hump surface can be spherical, pyramid-shaped or in the manner of a cross-vault surface. It is particularly expedient if the hump surface has a central, convex part which merges into concave edge parts which connect tangentially to the surrounding surface of the lining. The entire deflection of the direction of movement then takes place in the area of the hump element.

Je nach der Stelle, an der der Gießstrahl auf die Bodenausmauerung auftrifft, kann das Buckelelement mehr in der Mitte oder am Rand der Pfanne angeordnet sein. Im letzteren Falle ist es zweckmäßig, wenn ein Rand des Basisteiles des Buckelelementes, das in die Ausmauerung eingefügt wird, der Krümmung der Seitenwandausmauerung angepaßt ist.Depending on the point at which the pouring jet hits the floor lining, the hump element can be arranged more in the middle or on the edge of the pan. In the latter case, it is expedient if an edge of the base part of the hump element, which is inserted into the lining, is adapted to the curvature of the side wall lining.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen, in denen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung an Beispieien näher erläutert sind. Es zeigt :

  • Fig. 1 eine Stahlgießpfanne nach der Erfindung in einem senkrechten Querschnitt,
  • Fig. 2 die Stahlgießpfanne nach Fig. 1 in einem Horizontalschnitt nach Linie 11-11,
  • Fig. 3 eine erste Ausführungsform eines für eine Pfanne nach der Erfindung verwendeten Buckelelementes in einem senkrechten Querschnitt nach Linie 111-111 der Fig. 4,
  • Fig. 4 das Buckelelement nach Fig. 3 in einer Draufsicht,
  • Fig. 5 eine zweite Ausführungsform eines bei einer Pfanne nach der Erfindung verwendeten Buckelelementes in einer seitlichen Ansicht,
  • Fig. 6 den Gegenstand der Fig. 5 in einer Draufsicht,
  • Fig. 7 eine dritte Ausführungsform eines Buckelelementes nach der Erfindung in einer seitlichen Ansicht,
  • Fig. 8 das Buckelelement nach Fig. 7 in einer Draufsicht,
  • Fig. 9 eine vierte Ausführungsform eines Buckelelementes in einem vertikalen Querschnitt der Fig. 10 und
  • Fig. 10 das Buckelelement nach Fig. 9 in einer Draufsicht.
Further details and advantages of the invention result from the following description and the drawings, in which embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail using examples. It shows :
  • 1 is a steel ladle according to the invention in a vertical cross section,
  • 2 shows the steel ladle according to FIG. 1 in a horizontal section along line 11-11,
  • 3 shows a first embodiment of a hump element used for a pan according to the invention in a vertical cross section along line 111-111 of FIG. 4,
  • 4 shows the hump element according to FIG. 3 in a top view,
  • 5 shows a second embodiment of a hump element used in a pan according to the invention in a side view,
  • 6 shows the object of FIG. 5 in a plan view,
  • 7 shows a third embodiment of a hump element according to the invention in a side view,
  • 8 shows the projection element according to FIG. 7 in a top view,
  • Fig. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of a hump element in a vertical cross section of Figs. 10 and
  • Fig. 10, the hump element of FIG. 9 in a plan view.

In den Zeichnungen ist mit 10 eine Pfanne zum Nachbehandeln und Transportieren von flüssigen Metallen, beispielsweise flüssigem Stahl, bezeichnet, die aus einem Behälter 11 aus Stahl oder Stahlguß besteht, der an seiner Oberseite mit einem Deckel 12 abgedeckt ist, der eine Einguß- öffnung 13 aufweist. Der Behälter 11 ist mit einer Ausmauerung 14 aus hochtemperaturbeständigen Schamottesteinen 15 versehen, die im Verband angeordnet sind und die Seitenwandausmauerung 16 und die Bodenausmauerung 17 der Pfanne bilden.In the drawings, 10 denotes a pan for the aftertreatment and transportation of liquid metals, for example liquid steel, which consists of a container 11 made of steel or cast steel, which is covered on its upper side with a lid 12, which has a pouring opening 13 having. The container 11 is provided with a lining 14 made of high-temperature-resistant refractory bricks 15, which are arranged in an association and form the side wall lining 16 and the bottom lining 17 of the pan.

Unterhalb der Eingießöffnung 13 im Deckel 12 ist an der Auftreffstelle 18 des Gießstrahles 19 ein Buckelelement 20 in die Bodenausmauerung 17 eingefügt, das als monolithischer Buckelstein ausgebildet ist und ebenfalls aus einem hochtemperaturbeständigen Material besteht. Der Buckelstein ist im Grundriß wesentlich größer als die einzelnen Schamottesteine 15 der Bodenausmauerung 17, sein Basisteil 21 hat jedoch die gleiche Höhe h wie die Schamottesteine.Below the pouring opening 13 in the cover 12, at the point of impact 18 of the pouring jet 19, a hump element 20 is inserted into the floor lining 17, which is designed as a monolithic hump stone and also consists of a high-temperature resistant material. The humpstone is significantly larger in plan than the individual firebricks 15 of the floor lining 17, but its base part 21 has the same height h as the firebricks.

Oberhalb des Basisteiles 21 hat der Buckelstein eine Buckelfläche 22, die über die Oberfläche 23 der benachbarten Bodenausmauerung 17 hinausragt und an den Rändern 24 des Buckelsteines 20 in diese benachbarte Ausmauerung 17 übergeht.Above the base part 21, the hump stone has a hump surface 22 which protrudes beyond the surface 23 of the adjacent floor brick 17 and merges into the adjacent wall 17 at the edges 24 of the hump stone 20.

Man erkennt aus Fig. 1 und 4, daß der kleinste Durchmesser D des Buckelsteines 20 bzw. die kleinste Seitenlänge des Querschnitts am Übergang zu der Oberfläche 23 wesentlich größer ist als der Durchmesser d des Gießstrahles 19 an der Auftreffstelle des Gießstrahles.1 and 4 that the smallest diameter D of the hump stone 20 or the smallest side length of the cross section at the transition to the surface 23 is substantially larger than the diameter d of the pouring jet 19 at the point of impact of the pouring jet.

Der Buckelstein 20 kann, je nach Art der Ausmauerung 14, unterschiedliche Grundrisse haben. Er kann kreisrund, quadratisch, rechteckig oder auch derart ausgebildet sein, daß einer der Ränder 24 des Basisteiles 21 der Krümmung der Seitenwandausmauerung 16 angepaßt ist. Dies ist dann zweckmäßig, wenn die Pfanne 10 einen kreisrunden Grundriß hat und die Auftreffstelle 18 des Gießstrahies 19 etwa an der Stelle liegt, wo die Bodenausmauerung 17 in die Seitenwandausmauerung 16 übergeht.The hump stone 20 can, depending on the type of brickwork 14, have different floor plans. It can be circular, square, rectangular or also designed such that one of the edges 24 of the base part 21 is adapted to the curvature of the side wall lining 16. This is expedient if the pan 10 has a circular outline and the point of impact 18 of the pouring jet 19 lies approximately at the point where the floor lining 17 merges into the side wall lining 16.

Man erkennt aus Fig. 1, daß der Gießstrahl 19 auf die konvex gekrümmte Buckelfläche 22 des Buckelsteines 20 auftrifft und dort sogleich ohne zu spritzen und ohne wesentliche Turbulenzen ausgebreitet wird und nach allen Seiten über die Buckelfläche 22 in laminarer Strömung auf die Oberfläche 23 der Bodenausmauerung 17 fließt, wie dies in Fig. 1 durch die Pfeile angedeutet ist. Hierdurch kann an der Auftreffstelle in der Bodenausmauerung 17 kein Kolk entstehen und die Bodenausmauerung wird nicht angegriffen, da sich im Bereich der Auftreffstelle 18 keine Fugen befinden und der Gießstrahl in verteilter Form und unter einem sehr flachen Winkel auf die Oberfläche 23 der Bodenausmauerung fließt, die mit Fugen im Verband gemauert ist.It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the pouring jet 19 strikes the convexly curved hump surface 22 of the hump stone 20 and is immediately spread there without splashing and without significant turbulence and in all directions over the hump surface 22 in laminar flow onto the surface 23 of the floor lining 17 flows, as indicated in Fig. 1 by the arrows. As a result, no scour can occur at the point of impact in the floor lining 17 and the floor lining is not attacked, since there are no joints in the area of the impact point 18 and the pouring jet flows in a distributed form and at a very flat angle onto the surface 23 of the floor lining, which is grouted with joints in the association.

In den Fig. 3 bis 10 sind verschiedene Ausführungsformen von Buckelsteinen nach der Erfindung gezeigt, die beispielsweise aus Schamotte oder auch aus einem hochtemperaturbeständigen Hartgestein hergestellt sein können.3 to 10 show various embodiments of hump stones according to the invention, which can be made, for example, of chamotte or also of a high-temperature-resistant hard rock.

Der in den Fig. 3 und 4 dargestellte Buckelstein hat eine gewölbte Buckelfläche 22, die in der Mitte etwa sphärische Gestalt hat, nach den Rändern 24 zu jedoch in gradlinige Kanten übergeht, so daß auch in der Mitte der Ränder 24 kein Absatz entsteht.The hump stone shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 has a curved hump surface 22, which has an approximately spherical shape in the middle, but changes to straight edges after the edges 24, so that there is no shoulder in the middle of the edges 24 either.

Bei dem in den Fig. 5 und 6 dargestellten Buckelstein wird die Buckelfläche 22 von einer flachen, vierseitigen Pyramide gebildet, die sich über den Basisteil 21 erhebt.In the hump stone shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the hump surface 22 is formed by a flat, four-sided pyramid which rises above the base part 21.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach den Fig. 7 und 8 hat die Buckelfläche 22 die Form einer Kreuzgewölbefläche, deren vier Wölbflächen 22a, 22b, 22c und 22d in einer Spitze 25 zusammenstoßen.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8, the hump surface 22 has the shape of a cross-arch surface, the four arch surfaces 22a, 22b, 22c and 22d of which meet in a tip 25.

Bei dem Buckelstein nach den Fig. 9 und 10 hat die Buckelfläche 22 einen mittleren, konvexen Teil 22e, der in konkave Randteile 22f. 22g, 22h und 22i übergeht.In the hump stone according to FIGS. 9 and 10, the hump surface 22 has a central, convex part 22e which is divided into concave edge parts 22f. 22g, 22h and 22i passes.

Bei allen Buckelsteinen hat der Basisteil 21 an jeder Stelle des Steines die gleiche Höhe h, die der Dicke der Ausmauerung entspricht. Alle Ränder 24 des Buckelsteines liegen deshalb in der gleichen Ebene wie die Oberfläche 23 der Bodenausmauerung 17, ohne Rücksicht darauf, in welcher Weise die Buckelfläche 22 gestaltet ist, ob sie nun sphärisch, pyramidenförmig oder konvex-konkav gekrümmt oder als Kreuzgewölbefläche ausgebildet ist.In all hump stones, the base part 21 has the same height h at every point of the stone, which corresponds to the thickness of the lining. All edges 24 of the hump stone are therefore in the same plane as the surface 23 of the floor lining 17, regardless of the manner in which the hump surface 22 is designed, whether it is spherical, pyramid-shaped or convex-concave curved or as a cross-vaulted surface che is trained.

Praktische Versuche haben gezeigt, daß es günstig ist, wenn der monolithische Buckelstein etwa ein Sechstel bis ein Viertel der Oberfläche der Bodenausmauerung einnimmt. Die Größe des Buckelsteines ist abhängig von der Höhe des Gießstrahles und der Stahlmenge pro Zeiteinheit, die in die Pfanne eingegossen wird.Practical tests have shown that it is advantageous if the monolithic hump stone takes up about a sixth to a quarter of the surface of the floor lining. The size of the hump stone depends on the height of the pouring jet and the amount of steel per unit of time that is poured into the pan.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten und beschriebenen Ausführungsformen beschränkt, sondern es sind im Rahmen der Ansprüche weitere Ausgestaltungen möglich. Beispielsweise kann der Buckelstein 20 auch am unteren Rand der Pfanne angeordnet und mit seiner Buckelfläche am Pfannenrand hochgezogen sein, wenn die Auftreffstelle an der Innenkante zwischen Bodenausmauerung 17 und Seitenwandausmauerung 14 liegt. Ferner sind andere Ausgestaltungen der Buckelfläche möglich. Wesentlich ist aber, daß die Buckelfläche sich über die Oberfläche der benachbarten Ausmauerung erhebt und nach allen Seiten ein stufenloser Übergang in die Oberfläche der Ausmauerung gegeben ist, damit der abfließende Gießstrahl keine Stufen oder Vorsprünge findet.The invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments, but further configurations are possible within the scope of the claims. For example, the hump stone 20 can also be arranged at the lower edge of the pan and its hump surface can be raised at the edge of the pan if the point of impact lies on the inner edge between the floor lining 17 and the side wall lining 14. Other configurations of the hump surface are also possible. It is essential, however, that the hump surface rises above the surface of the adjacent brick lining and that there is a continuous transition to the surface of the brick lining on all sides, so that the pouring stream does not find any steps or projections.

Claims (7)

1. Ladle for receiving and, where necessary, for subsequent treatment and/or transportation of hot, molten, metals which are poured from a preceding melting unit into the ladle (10), with a lining (14) made of high-temperature-resistant material such as, for example, chamotte bricks which lie adjacent to one another and cover the base and side walls of the ladle and have, at the point of impact (18) of the pouring stream of molten metal (19), an impact element which projects above the adjacent surface (23) of the lining (14), characterized in that the impact element is a domed element (20) inset into the lining (14), of which the domed surface (22) is directed against the pouring stream of molten metal and blends without a step into the surface (23) of the adjacent lining (17) and of which the smallest diameter D or the smallest edge length at the transition to this surface (23) is larger than the diameter (d) of the pouring stream of molten metal (19) at the point of impact (18).
2. Ladle according to Claim 1, characterized in that the domed element (20) has a spherical domed surface (22).
3. Ladle according to Claim 1, characterized in that the domed element (20) has a pyramidal domed surface (22).
4. Ladle according to Claim 1, characterized in that the domed surface (22) of the domed element (20) is an intersecting vaulted surface (22a, 22b, 22c, 22d).
5. Ladle according to Claim 1, characterized in that the domed surface (22) has a central convex part (22e) which blends into concave edge parts (22f, 22g, 22h, 22i).
6. Ladle according to Claim 1, characterized in that the domed element (20) is a monolithic domed brick which occupies approximately one sixth to one quarter of the surface (23) of the base lining (17).
7. Ladle according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that one edge (24) of the base part (21) of the domed element (20) is adapted to the curvature of the side wall lining (16).
EP85113038A 1984-11-28 1985-10-15 Ladle for receiving and optionally after-treating and/or transporting hot liquid metals Expired EP0184634B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85113038T ATE36480T1 (en) 1984-11-28 1985-10-15 PAN FOR RECORDING AND IF POSSIBLE. POST TREATMENT AND/OR TRANSPORTATION OF HOT LIQUID METALS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3443281 1984-11-28
DE19843443281 DE3443281A1 (en) 1984-11-28 1984-11-28 Pans to take up and if necessary. TREATMENT AND / OR TRANSPORTING HOT, LIQUID METALS

Publications (2)

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EP0184634A1 EP0184634A1 (en) 1986-06-18
EP0184634B1 true EP0184634B1 (en) 1988-08-17

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EP (1) EP0184634B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE36480T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3443281A1 (en)
ES (1) ES296282Y (en)
NO (1) NO166219C (en)
PT (1) PT81395B (en)

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CN106363158A (en) * 2016-12-06 2017-02-01 武汉威林科技股份有限公司 Tundish with destructively replaceable striking plates
CN106424688A (en) * 2016-12-06 2017-02-22 武汉威林科技股份有限公司 Slope surface buffer tundish

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US5131635A (en) * 1990-05-29 1992-07-21 Magneco/Metrel, Inc. Impact pad with rising flow surface
DE19542367C2 (en) * 1995-11-14 1999-06-02 Feuerfest Technik M B H Ges Metallurgical vessel and method of manufacturing or repairing the same, and plate therefor
FR2756762B1 (en) * 1996-12-11 1998-12-31 Ugine Savoie Sa SUPPLY TANK INTENDED TO RETAIN MELTED METAL AND IN PARTICULAR STEEL
DE19802222C2 (en) * 1998-01-22 2002-08-08 Intocast Ag Feuerfest Produkte Metallurgical smelting containers
GB2352992B (en) * 1999-08-05 2002-01-09 Pyrotek Engineering Materials Distributor device
DE10202537C1 (en) * 2002-01-24 2003-01-23 Intocast Ag Feuerfestprodukte Metallurgical vessel used as a tundish having a determined baffle head comprises a plate-like base having an inner chamber formed on the base with a wall
US9308581B2 (en) * 2014-03-28 2016-04-12 ArceloMittal Investigacion y Desarrollo, S.L. Impact pad, tundish and apparatus including the impact pad, and method of using same
SK892016A3 (en) * 2016-10-10 2018-07-02 I.P.C. Refractories, Spol. S R.O. Method of casting molten metal with the use of an impact pad in the tundish
CN108097941B (en) * 2017-11-23 2019-10-25 南京钢铁股份有限公司 A kind of ladle and its building method
CN108393477A (en) * 2018-03-05 2018-08-14 北京利尔高温材料股份有限公司 A kind of design method of ladle transitional brick brick
JP7406095B2 (en) * 2020-03-24 2023-12-27 日本製鉄株式会社 Molten steel pot

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106363158A (en) * 2016-12-06 2017-02-01 武汉威林科技股份有限公司 Tundish with destructively replaceable striking plates
CN106424688A (en) * 2016-12-06 2017-02-22 武汉威林科技股份有限公司 Slope surface buffer tundish

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO166219B (en) 1991-03-11
ES296282Y (en) 1988-04-16
DE3443281A1 (en) 1986-06-05
NO854744L (en) 1986-05-29
EP0184634A1 (en) 1986-06-18
PT81395B (en) 1987-01-12
DE3443281C2 (en) 1987-12-17
NO166219C (en) 1991-06-19
PT81395A (en) 1985-11-01
ATE36480T1 (en) 1988-09-15
ES296282U (en) 1987-09-01

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