EP0181787B1 - Electro-mechanical controls for ventilators and methods employing same - Google Patents

Electro-mechanical controls for ventilators and methods employing same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0181787B1
EP0181787B1 EP85308334A EP85308334A EP0181787B1 EP 0181787 B1 EP0181787 B1 EP 0181787B1 EP 85308334 A EP85308334 A EP 85308334A EP 85308334 A EP85308334 A EP 85308334A EP 0181787 B1 EP0181787 B1 EP 0181787B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ventilator
actuator
open
force transmitting
energising
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85308334A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0181787A3 (en
EP0181787A2 (en
Inventor
Raymond Alfred Frank Burtenshaw
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Colt International Holdings AG
Original Assignee
Colt International Holdings AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Colt International Holdings AG filed Critical Colt International Holdings AG
Priority to AT85308334T priority Critical patent/ATE45885T1/en
Publication of EP0181787A2 publication Critical patent/EP0181787A2/en
Publication of EP0181787A3 publication Critical patent/EP0181787A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0181787B1 publication Critical patent/EP0181787B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/24—Operating or controlling mechanisms
    • A62C2/246—Operating or controlling mechanisms having non-mechanical actuators
    • A62C2/247—Operating or controlling mechanisms having non-mechanical actuators electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/76—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by means responsive to temperature, e.g. bimetal springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
    • F24F11/34—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke by opening air passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
    • F24F11/35—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke by closing air passages

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to ventilators and concerns electro-mechanical controls for ventilators and methods of employing same.
  • the emergency action of the mechanism is based on a fusible link member keeping a complicated force transmitting lever mechanism together in its normal condition and breaking a connection between parts thereof in an emergency, thereby permitting an existing energising means (helical spring) immediately to force the damper to its closed position.
  • energising means helical spring
  • a ventilator has an electro-mechanical control mechanism comprising actuating means operable to open and close the ventilator via a force transmitting member formed in two sections which are normally retained telescoped one with respect to the other by an electromagnetic device mounted on one of the sections and an electromagnetic keeper plate mounted on the other of the sections, energising means being provided pulling or pushing on the distal end of the force transmitting member in the direction to extend the member, so as to open or close the ventilator.
  • a rotary actuator may be driven to swing a control arm through a predetermined angle about an axis of rotation to impart a predetermined movement to the distal end of a connecting rod pivoted to the arm, thereby to perform the opening and closing movement of the ventilator.
  • the connecting rod when the electromagnetic device is de-energised under the control of a first control system, the connecting rod is extended by the pushing or pulling means to perform the opening or closing movement.
  • the same function may be performed under the control of a second control system by rotating the control arm.
  • operation of the rotary actuator following upon extension of the connecting rod rotates the control arm to re-unite the electromagnetic device and the keeper plate so that upon re-energisation of the electromagnetic device and reverse rotation of the control arm by the rotary actuator the ventilator is re-set to its original condition.
  • a linear actuator is operable to impart a predetermined movement to a rod, for example, a piston rod of the actuator, the distal end of which is connected to perform the opening and closing movement of the ventilator.
  • the ventilator responds to de-energisation of the electromagnetic device and is re-set by operation of the linear actuator in the same manner as the first described arrangement in accordance with the invention.
  • the present invention has been developed for the control of a ventilator to provide for both ordinary day-to-day ventilation and for emergency fire ventilation purposes.
  • the electromagnetic device may be de-energised automatically in response to a fire condition detected for example by a smoke or pressure detector of a fire ventilation system to fully open the ventilator. Operation of the rotary or the linear actuator using the day-to-day management system then reinstates the automatic fire ventilation system or permits it to be installed upon energisation of the electromagnetic device.
  • a control arm 1 is rotatable by a reversible electric motor 19 for controlling day-to-day opening and closing of a louvred ventilator (not shown) the louvres of which are hingeably connected to a control bar 7 of the ventilator which is bodily movable in opposite directions 9 respectively to open and close the ventilator louvres in unison and in the direction to open the louvres by means of a spring 8.
  • Louvred ventilators are commonly controlled by means of such a control bar and biased for spring opening and the control bar 7 is the member to be moved by the ventilator control now being described.
  • the control arm 1 operates a connecting rod 10 which is pivoted as at 11 to the arm.
  • the distal end 12 of the connecting rod is pivoted to the control bar of the ventilator.
  • the connecting rod 10 is in two sections 4 and 5.
  • Section 4 is formed as a tube and section 5 as a rod.
  • the rod 5 slides in the tube 4.
  • the rod 5 is normally retained telescoped within the tube 4 by an energised electromagnetic device 3 mounted on the tube 4 and an electromagnetic keeper plate 6 mounted on the rod 5.
  • An electrical lead 2 connects with the electromagnetic device, the lead - 2 being connected in with an automatic fire ventilation energising opening system.
  • the control arm 1 is rotatable by the electric motor under the control of the day-to-day ventilation management system from its position in which the control is in the setting A shown in full line and the ventilator louvres are in a closed position to its position in which the control is in the setting B shown in broken line, to allow the ventilator louvres to be opened under the action of spring force tending to open the ventilator louvres.
  • the control arm 1 is rotatable by the electric motor from its B setting to its A setting under the control of the day-to-day management system to close the ventilator louvres against the action of the opening spring.
  • the arm In the A setting of the control arm 1, the arm is in a "dead centre" position with respect to the connecting rod 10 and the spring forces tending to open the ventilator are not operable to rotate the motor. The system is, therefore, locked when the ventilator is in its closed condition.
  • a pneumatic cylinder 20 has its piston rod 21 formed in two sections corresponding to the sections 4 and 5 mounting the parts 3 and 6. Operation of the pneumatic cylinder is under the control of the day-to-day management system to open and close the ventilator. De-energisation of the device 3 under the control of the automatic fire ventilation system permits the ventilator to open fully if it is not already fully open. The keeper plate 6 then assumes its chain dotted position shown in Fig. 2. Operation of the pneumatic cylinder 20 and re-energisation of the device 3 re-sets the automatic fire ventilation system.
  • the pneumatic cylinder may be double acting or single acting, air under pressure being supplied to the cylinder at least to close the ventilator.
  • the invention is not restricted to louvred ventilators but may be applied to the opening and closing; testing and re-setting of ventilators and ventilating systems particularly fire ventilating systems employing any kind of openable and closable ventilators.
  • the ventilators may be ducted ventilators in the form of dampers and may be required to close rather than to open in response to a fire condition being detected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)

Abstract

An electro-mechanical ventilator control mechanism comprises a rotary actuator (19) operable to move a control arm (1) to open and close the ventilator via a force transmitting member (10) formed in two sections (4, 5), normally retained telescoped one within the other by an electromagnetic device (2, 3) mounted on the section (4) and an electromagnetic keeper plate (4) mounted on the section (5), spring means (7) being provided pulling on the end of the member (10) and tending to open the ventilator. De-energisation of the electromagnetic device (2, 3) e.g. under the control of an automatic fire ventilating system, releases the keeper plate (4) and allows the ventilator to open under the action of the spring (7). Subsequent operation of the rotaray actuator (19) and re-energisation of the electromagnetic device (2, 3) re-sets the ventilator for automatic operation. Instead of a rotary actuator (19) a linear actuator (20) may be used.

Description

  • The present invention relates to ventilators and concerns electro-mechanical controls for ventilators and methods of employing same.
  • There are ventilating applications requiring the impartation of a movement to a member upon the operation of two different control systems to open or close a ventilator or a series of ventilators. Typically a ventilator may be required to be opened or closed under the control both of say a day-to-day ventilation management system and opened or fully opened or closed under the control of say an emergency fire ventilation system. US-A-3 643 582 (Moshida) describes a mechanism attached to a damper arrangement in a duct of a ventilating system for controlling the temperature of a medium in a room by adjusting the flow rate of the medium to the room, and capable of intercepting the flow path through the duct upon detection of overheating of the flow, in a manner independent of the flow rate controlling action. The emergency action of the mechanism is based on a fusible link member keeping a complicated force transmitting lever mechanism together in its normal condition and breaking a connection between parts thereof in an emergency, thereby permitting an existing energising means (helical spring) immediately to force the damper to its closed position. A requirement in respect of emergency systems is that they can readily be tested and reinstated.
  • According to the. present invention a ventilator has an electro-mechanical control mechanism comprising actuating means operable to open and close the ventilator via a force transmitting member formed in two sections which are normally retained telescoped one with respect to the other by an electromagnetic device mounted on one of the sections and an electromagnetic keeper plate mounted on the other of the sections, energising means being provided pulling or pushing on the distal end of the force transmitting member in the direction to extend the member, so as to open or close the ventilator.
  • Typically, a rotary actuator may be driven to swing a control arm through a predetermined angle about an axis of rotation to impart a predetermined movement to the distal end of a connecting rod pivoted to the arm, thereby to perform the opening and closing movement of the ventilator.
  • With this arrangement according to the invention, when the electromagnetic device is de-energised under the control of a first control system, the connecting rod is extended by the pushing or pulling means to perform the opening or closing movement. The same function may be performed under the control of a second control system by rotating the control arm. Furthermore, operation of the rotary actuator following upon extension of the connecting rod rotates the control arm to re-unite the electromagnetic device and the keeper plate so that upon re-energisation of the electromagnetic device and reverse rotation of the control arm by the rotary actuator the ventilator is re-set to its original condition.
  • In another arrangement according to the present invention a linear actuator is operable to impart a predetermined movement to a rod, for example, a piston rod of the actuator, the distal end of which is connected to perform the opening and closing movement of the ventilator.
  • With the last described arrangement, the ventilator responds to de-energisation of the electromagnetic device and is re-set by operation of the linear actuator in the same manner as the first described arrangement in accordance with the invention.
  • The present invention has been developed for the control of a ventilator to provide for both ordinary day-to-day ventilation and for emergency fire ventilation purposes. The electromagnetic device may be de-energised automatically in response to a fire condition detected for example by a smoke or pressure detector of a fire ventilation system to fully open the ventilator. Operation of the rotary or the linear actuator using the day-to-day management system then reinstates the automatic fire ventilation system or permits it to be installed upon energisation of the electromagnetic device.
  • Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example, and not by way of limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:-
    • Fig. 1 shows a ventilator control comprising a rotary actuator in three different settings indicated A in full line and B and C respectively in broken line; and
    • Fig. 2 shows a ventilator control comprising a linear actuator.
  • With reference now to the accompanying drawings, and first to Fig. 1, a control arm 1 is rotatable by a reversible electric motor 19 for controlling day-to-day opening and closing of a louvred ventilator (not shown) the louvres of which are hingeably connected to a control bar 7 of the ventilator which is bodily movable in opposite directions 9 respectively to open and close the ventilator louvres in unison and in the direction to open the louvres by means of a spring 8. Louvred ventilators are commonly controlled by means of such a control bar and biased for spring opening and the control bar 7 is the member to be moved by the ventilator control now being described. The control arm 1 operates a connecting rod 10 which is pivoted as at 11 to the arm. The distal end 12 of the connecting rod is pivoted to the control bar of the ventilator. The connecting rod 10 is in two sections 4 and 5. Section 4 is formed as a tube and section 5 as a rod. The rod 5 slides in the tube 4. The rod 5 is normally retained telescoped within the tube 4 by an energised electromagnetic device 3 mounted on the tube 4 and an electromagnetic keeper plate 6 mounted on the rod 5. An electrical lead 2 connects with the electromagnetic device, the lead -2 being connected in with an automatic fire ventilation energising opening system. The control arm 1 is rotatable by the electric motor under the control of the day-to-day ventilation management system from its position in which the control is in the setting A shown in full line and the ventilator louvres are in a closed position to its position in which the control is in the setting B shown in broken line, to allow the ventilator louvres to be opened under the action of spring force tending to open the ventilator louvres. Conversely, the control arm 1 is rotatable by the electric motor from its B setting to its A setting under the control of the day-to-day management system to close the ventilator louvres against the action of the opening spring.
  • When the electromagnetic device (3) is de-energised for test purposes, under the control of the automatic fire ventilation system, e.g. while the control is in the setting A, the keeper plate 6 is released and the rod 5 and keeper plate 6 travel to the setting C shown in broken line under the action of the spring force tending to open the ventilator louvres and at the same time permitting the ventilator louvres to open. Following this, rotation of the arm 1 from its A setting to its B setting under the control of the day-to-day system re-engages the electromagnetic device 3 with the keeper plate 6 in the B setting position so that upon re-energisation of the electromagnetic device under the control of the fire ventilation system the automatic fire-response of the control is re-set.
  • It will be clear that de-energisation of the electromagnetic device in any setting of the control will cause the ventilator louvres to be moved to their fully open position if they are not already in that position.
  • In the A setting of the control arm 1, the arm is in a "dead centre" position with respect to the connecting rod 10 and the spring forces tending to open the ventilator are not operable to rotate the motor. The system is, therefore, locked when the ventilator is in its closed condition.
  • In Fig. 2 parts corresponding with parts already described are indicated by the same reference numeral as used in Fig. 1. A pneumatic cylinder 20 has its piston rod 21 formed in two sections corresponding to the sections 4 and 5 mounting the parts 3 and 6. Operation of the pneumatic cylinder is under the control of the day-to-day management system to open and close the ventilator. De-energisation of the device 3 under the control of the automatic fire ventilation system permits the ventilator to open fully if it is not already fully open. The keeper plate 6 then assumes its chain dotted position shown in Fig. 2. Operation of the pneumatic cylinder 20 and re-energisation of the device 3 re-sets the automatic fire ventilation system.
  • The pneumatic cylinder may be double acting or single acting, air under pressure being supplied to the cylinder at least to close the ventilator.
  • The invention is not restricted to louvred ventilators but may be applied to the opening and closing; testing and re-setting of ventilators and ventilating systems particularly fire ventilating systems employing any kind of openable and closable ventilators. The ventilators may be ducted ventilators in the form of dampers and may be required to close rather than to open in response to a fire condition being detected.

Claims (9)

1. A ventilator having an electro-mechanical control mechanism comprising actuating means (19 or 20) operable to open and close the ventilator via a force transmitting member (10 or 21) formed in two sections (4, 5) which are normally retained telescoped one with respect to the other by an electromagnetic device (2, 3) mounted on one of the sections and an electromagnetic keeper plate (6) mounted on the other of the sections, energising means (8) being provided pulling or pushing on the distal end (12) of the force transmitting member (10 or 21) in the direction to extend the member, so as to open or close the ventilator.
2. A ventilator as claimed in claim 1 in which the actuator is a rotary actuator (19) operable to swing a control arm (1) through a predetermined angle about an axis of rotation to impart a predetermined displacement to the distal end of said force transmitting member (10), the force transmitting member (10) being pivoted to said arm (1).
3. A ventilator as claimed in claim 1 in which the actuator is a linear actuator (20) operable to impart a predetermined displacement to the distal end (12) of said force transmitting member (21).
4. A ventilator as claimed in claim 3 in which the force transmitting member (21) is a piston rod of said actuator.
5. A ventilator as claimed in any preceding claim in which the energising means is a spring (8).
6. A ventilator as claimed in any preceding claim including means for de-energising said electromagnetic device (2, 3, 6) in response to a fire condition being detected.
7. A method of controlling a ventilator as claimed in claim 6 including operating said actuator to open or close the ventilator for day-to-day ventilation purposes while said electromagnetic means remains energised.
8. A method of re-setting a fire ventilator as claimed in claim 6 following opening or closing of the ventilator in response to a fire condition being detected, including operating said actuator and then re-energising said electromechanical device.
9. A method of testing a fire ventilator as claimed in claim 6 including de-energising said electromagnetic means (2,3,6) to test operate the ventilator by opening or closing the ventilator, then operating said actuator (10 or 20), then re-energising said electromagnetic device (2, 3, 6) and again operating said actuator (10 or 20) to close or open the ventilator respectively.
EP85308334A 1984-11-16 1985-11-15 Electro-mechanical controls for ventilators and methods employing same Expired EP0181787B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85308334T ATE45885T1 (en) 1984-11-16 1985-11-15 ELECTROMECHANICAL FIRE DAMPER MONITORING SYSTEM AND METHODS OF USE THEREOF.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8429010 1984-11-16
GB848429010A GB8429010D0 (en) 1984-11-16 1984-11-16 Controls

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0181787A2 EP0181787A2 (en) 1986-05-21
EP0181787A3 EP0181787A3 (en) 1987-03-04
EP0181787B1 true EP0181787B1 (en) 1989-08-30

Family

ID=10569841

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85308334A Expired EP0181787B1 (en) 1984-11-16 1985-11-15 Electro-mechanical controls for ventilators and methods employing same

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0181787B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE45885T1 (en)
AU (1) AU578762B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3572596D1 (en)
GB (2) GB8429010D0 (en)
NZ (1) NZ214205A (en)
ZA (1) ZA858735B (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8630050D0 (en) * 1986-12-16 1987-01-28 Colt Int Ltd Electro-mechanical controls for ventilators
AU597453B2 (en) * 1986-12-16 1990-05-31 Colt International Limited Electric motor driven linear actuator with electro-magnetic release
EP0300992B1 (en) * 1987-07-23 1992-12-23 LEOPOLD AUMAYR GESELLSCHAFT M.B.H. & CO. KG Fire protection apparatus for air ducts

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1050563A (en) *
GB734681A (en) * 1951-03-27 1955-08-03 Expl Des Procedes Charles Stra Room-heating process using hot air and installation for carrying such process into effect
JPS4637074Y1 (en) * 1969-06-06 1971-12-21
AU436907B2 (en) * 1970-10-20 1973-06-15 William Wantland Frederick Improvements in and relating to releasing means
DK129320B (en) * 1973-07-09 1974-09-30 Dansk Ind Syndikat Apparatus for separating magnetisable castings from molds of sand or similar material.
GB1599041A (en) * 1978-05-08 1981-09-30 Kg Smoke Dispersal Ltd Fire safety systems
DE8222097U1 (en) * 1982-08-04 1985-12-12 Geze Gmbh, 7250 Leonberg Fitting for smoke and heat exhausts
FR2535379B1 (en) * 1982-11-02 1986-01-24 Allouche Claude WINCH FOR VARIOUS OPENING ELEMENTS FOR SMOKING AND VENTILATION
DE3409359A1 (en) * 1984-03-14 1985-09-19 Luitpold Dipl.-Ing. 8000 München Kutzner Fire-break flap arrangement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE45885T1 (en) 1989-09-15
ZA858735B (en) 1986-07-30
EP0181787A3 (en) 1987-03-04
DE3572596D1 (en) 1989-10-05
EP0181787A2 (en) 1986-05-21
AU4991485A (en) 1986-05-22
GB8429010D0 (en) 1984-12-27
GB2167552B (en) 1988-09-28
AU578762B2 (en) 1988-11-03
GB8528182D0 (en) 1985-12-18
NZ214205A (en) 1989-02-24
GB2167552A (en) 1986-05-29

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