EP0300992B1 - Fire protection apparatus for air ducts - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a fire protection device for air ducts, air duct shafts and air duct ducts, in particular of air conditioning systems, according to the introductory part of patent claim 1.

Such fire protection devices are known from DE-A1-35 38 013 and GB-A-2 064 957.

Both in this construction and in all other similar fire protection devices, the aim is to divide a building into individual fire sections in the area of the air ducts, etc. in the event of a fire, the fire dampers in the closed position preventing the passage of fire, heat and smoke gases. The length of time that a fire damper must remain effective in the event of a fire is determined by building regulations. These regulations also require that the fire damper be installed within the opening in the wall.

The line section containing the fire damper has so far been installed directly in the wall and, if necessary, sealed by plastering or other measures for opening the wall. This makes maintenance more difficult and there is a risk that the line part will be damaged during the plastering and cladding work on the wall, so that leaks can occur or the function of the fire damper is impaired. Can repair work often only after the wall has been opened and the respective line section opened.

From a constructional point of view, it is known to either fully actuate the fire dampers via remote control devices or at least provide a remote triggering for fire dampers, after their actuation a drive device connected to the flap adjusts the flap to the closed position. There are also fire dampers that are activated directly by temperature monitors installed in their area. In the case of larger systems, it is possible to indicate the response of the temperature monitor or a thermal switch that fulfills the same function and operate the flap directly or after feedback to the central unit by means of lights or indicators, in many cases the display of the switching status of the temperature monitor or thermal switch can be used as an indication of the position of the assigned fire damper. The thermal switches are installed near the respective flap. It is customary to finish wiring the thermal switches before final installation. When converting, repairing or maintenance work, the wired thermal switch can be removed and it happens that a new correct installation with temperature sensors protruding into the monitoring area is omitted, although the respective thermal switch is displayed on the remote display as "responsive" so that the meaning of the monitoring carried out is not fulfilled.

In fire protection devices there are often problems caused by gaskets intended for engagement with the fire damper in the closed position, which are usually designed as elastically compressible seals and exert a back pressure on the closing flap, so that the danger with the previous design there is that the fire damper is pushed back into a slight opening position by the back pressure of the seals after closing, or does not close completely from the start.

The main object of the invention is to create a fire protection device in which installation and maintenance are considerably simplified and the operational safety is increased compared to the previous designs. A partial object of the invention is to create a simple drive and actuating device which leads the fire damper safely into the closed position and secures it in the closed position. Another part of the task is to ensure that when using the thermal switches assigned to the fire dampers, that the responsive state can only be displayed on the remote display if the thermal switch is properly installed.

The main task is solved by the features of claim 1.

With this design, the lead-through points are fixed through the wall before the air line is installed, and the frame or installation sleeve can be fully installed and, if necessary, plastered. The fire protection device forms an insert part for this frame or installation sleeve and can be removed with its insert parts both from the air duct and from the frame. Nevertheless, a significant part of the fire protection device can be installed in the wall for operation.

The accommodation of the drive device in the line section protruding from the frame makes it easier to accommodate remote control or manual control devices. The fire damper itself is preferred Made of a highly fire-resistant, asbestos-free material and can have a metal border at the edge. For use in hospitals, etc., the fire-resistant material can be sandwiched between welded or soldered metal sheets to make cleaning easier or to prevent germs from attaching to the flap.

In a further development of the fire protection device according to claim 2, an adjustment range of the crank of approximately 180 ° can be provided, which can be limited by fixed stops. When the crank is adjusted via this angle of rotation, the fire damper is pivoted by approximately 90 °. Stops prevent a further turning after the dead center of the crank in the closed position.

In the preferred embodiment according to claim 3, the flap can no longer be pivoted out of the closed position by directly acting forces on it, but only by turning the crank back into the open position.

An additional backup is achieved by training according to claim 4.

Claim 5 provides a remote-controlled, external drive unit for the fire damper.

In combination with a training according to claim 5, the training according to claim 6 provides additional security.

It can be provided that a remote-controlled return of the flap to the open position is prevented until the lock in the immediate area of the fire protection device is released by manual operation or a new fuse is inserted. The measure ensures that in the event of a fire, the inadmissible opening of the fire damper via the remote control is prevented, for example in the event of a control error.

The further development of the fire protection device according to claim 7 ensures that the display "thermal switch responsive" or "fire damper in proper responsive condition" can only be given on the remote display if the thermal switch is properly installed.

An embodiment according to claim 8 is preferred, but a separate actuation sensor, for example a microswitch, can also be provided as an assembly sensor.

A further embodiment can be found in claim 9. The switch sensor, which is adjusted in the event of improper installation, indicates the response of the switch on the remote display, so that a check is forcibly carried out and correct installation is carried out. It is particularly advantageous that the thermal switches can be installed like conventional switches without changing the conventional switch designs.

Further details and advantages of the subject matter of the invention can be found in the following description of the drawings.

Fig. 1

in stark schematisierter Darstellungsweise eine Brandschutzeinrichtung bei geöffneter Brandschutzklappe und daneben eine Einbauzarge,

Fig. 2

die Brandschutzeinrichtung nach Fig. 1 während des Schließvorganges der Brandschutzklappe,

Fig. 3

die Brandschutzeinrichtung nach den Fig. 1 und 2 bei geschlossener Brandschutzklappe,

Fig. 4

eine detailliertere Darstellung der Brandschutzeinrichtung im Teilschnitt,

Fig. 5

eine teilweise im Schnitt gezeichnete schaubildliche Darstellung einer weiteren Brandschutzeinrichtung,

Fig. 6

als Detail einen bei der Brandschutzeinrichtung nach Fig. 5 vorgesehenen Thermoschalter bei in eine Öffnung der Leitungswand eingesetztem Temperaturfühler und noch nicht angezogenen Befestigungsschrauben in Draufsicht, wobei eine Leitungswand und die Halteplatte im Schnitt dargestellt werden,

Fig. 7

in der Fig. 6 entsprechender Darstellungsweise den ordnungsgemäß montierten Thermoschalter im ansprechbereiten Zustand und

Fig. 8

eine Rückansicht des eingebauten Thermoschalters.

The subject matter of the invention is illustrated in the drawing, for example. Show it

Fig. 1

in a highly schematic representation, a fire protection device with the fire damper open and next to it a built-in frame,

Fig. 2

1 during the closing process of the fire damper,

Fig. 3

1 and 2 with the fire damper closed,

Fig. 4

a more detailed representation of the fire protection device in partial section,

Fig. 5

a diagrammatic illustration of another fire protection device, partly drawn in section,

Fig. 6

5 shows a detail of a thermal switch provided in the fire protection device according to FIG. 5 with a temperature sensor inserted into an opening in the line wall and fastening screws not yet tightened, a line wall and the holding plate being shown in section,

Fig. 7

in Fig. 6 corresponding representation of the properly assembled thermal switch in the responsive state and

Fig. 8

a rear view of the built-in thermal switch.

1 to 3, a built-in built-in frame 1 is provided, which is designed for the air duct having a rectangular cross section in the exemplary embodiment as a rectangular frame made of a C-profile, the light width of which is chosen so large that the End of an air line can be inserted from both sides with the interposition of a seal.

The fire protection device itself is accommodated in a line part 2 which forms a housing and has a section 3 which can be inserted into the frame 1 and a section 4 which remains outside the frame, the ends of the section 4 being reinforced by projecting flanges 5, 6. The flange 5 forms a stop for the edge of the installation frame 1. In the end region of the section 4 provided with the flange 6, the end of an air line and the section 3 can be inserted into the frame 1 with the interposition of seals, whereby can provide screw connections to the frame or to the subsequent line section on the flanges 5, 6.

In section 3, a fire damper 8 is pivotably mounted about a horizontal central axis 7 from the rest position shown in FIG. 1, releasing the line via the intermediate position according to FIG. 2 into the blocking position according to FIG. 3, the valve 8 also being fixed in the blocking position attached elastically compressible seals 9 cooperating, the line closes smoke and flame proof.

To actuate the fire damper 8, a crank mechanism is provided which or the like on an axis 10 between the stops. 1 and 3 has rotatable crank 11, which acts on the fire damper 8 via a link 12 at a distance from the axis of rotation 7. For the actuation of the crank mechanism 10, 11, an external drive device, for. B. an electromagnet, a pneumatic motor, which can be operated via remote control devices, but also a hand lever or a spring motor can be provided, the spring of the spring motor being tensioned in the position according to FIG. 1 and a temperature sensor holding the crank 11, e.g. B. with a fuse melting at low temperatures, releases the crank 11 when the set temperature is exceeded, so that the spring motor can turn the crank 11 into the position shown in FIG. 3. In this position according to FIG. 3, the control arm 12 has moved over the axis of rotation 10 and thus assumes an over-center position shown exaggerated in FIG. 3. 3, as mentioned, is prevented by stops. The elastic restoring force of the seals 9 only pulls the crank mechanism more firmly against the stop, but can no longer move the flap in the opening direction. A Opening the flap from the position shown in FIG. 3 is only possible by turning the crank mechanism 10, 11 back.

4, the crank of the crank mechanism is formed by a disk sector 13 which, in the vicinity of the edge 14, has the articulation point 15 for the handlebar 12, which acts on a bearing sleeve 16 of the fire damper 8. The sector 13 is rotatably mounted on an outer drive shaft 10 with a sleeve 17, wherein either a spring acting on the sector 13 and the shaft 10 can be provided which tends to turn the sector 13 in the closing direction and again provides a temperature sensor, which releases the sector 13 when the set temperature is exceeded or couples the shaft 10 to the hub 17 with only external actuation.

In the closed position of the fire damper 8, which has been shown in dash-dotted lines, the front edge 18 of the window sector 13 forms a stop for the fire damper in the closed position and a spring-loaded pin 19, which presses against the flank of the window sector 13, engages behind the edge 14 , so that the fire damper 8 is locked in the closed position until this pin 19 is released.

5, where the fire damper 8 has been illustrated in its open position, an outer drive shaft 10 is again provided for the fire damper, which can be actuated via a servomotor. On the front wall 24 of the line section 4, a thermal switch 20 and a hand switch 21 are attached. The thermal switch is connected to a remote display and actuator. 6 to 8, it has an actuating sensor 22 which can be pushed out of its housing by a positioning spring. The inserted position of the 7 the "ready position" and the extended position according to FIG. 6 the "response position". The actuating sensor 22 is in its responsive position on a temperature sensor, in the embodiment of a bursting ball 23. In the operating position, the temperature sensor 23 is inserted through an opening 25 in the front wall 24. In known thermal switches, the bursting ball 23 or the other temperature sensor is held by a component rigidly connected to the thermal switch 20 in the position in which the switching sensor 22 is in the "responsive position" (FIG. 2).

In contrast, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the bursting ball 23 forming the temperature sensor is held in a cage formed as a sheet metal part 26, which can be inserted through the opening 25 and has retainers made of bent tabs 27 which limit the depth of insertion of the cage 26 into the opening 25. With their outside, these retainers 27 also form stops for a holding plate 28 which can be fastened to the wall 24 outside the retainers 27 with the aid of sheet metal driving screws. At a distance of the switching path from the retainers 27, further, curved retainers 29 are attached to the cage 26, on the straight legs 30 of which the holding plate 28 is guided with through-slots. The holding plate 28 is held captive on the legs 30 between the stops 27, 29.

As long as the holding plate 28 is not mounted, the temperature sensor 23 can hold the switching sensor 22 in the position corresponding to the "response position" according to FIG. 6. The response of the thermal switch 20 is therefore shown on a display, in particular a remote display. 7 is the switching sensor 22 in the position ready for response. In the exemplary embodiment, the holding plate 28 takes the entire thermal switch 20 into the fastening position via a collar 31. The remote display now shows the switch 20 as "ready to respond". If the temperature sensor 23 responds in this position, i.e. the bursting ball 23 bursts in the exemplary embodiment, then the switching sensor 22 is again adjusted to the outside, the switch 20 responds and actuates the drive device of the shaft 10 itself or via a remote control device and thus the flap 8. The response of the switch 20 is displayed on the remote display.

Claims (7)

1. Fire protection system for air lines, air line shafts and air line ducts, more particularly air-conditioning plants, consisting of a fire protection flap (8) which is pivotally mounted in a line part (3) extending through a wall of a building and which is pivotable, via a drive means (10 - 12), out of its position of rest in which it frees the line, into a fire protection position in which it shuts off the line, and which is disposed together with the drive means in a line portion (2) insertable into the air line (3), characterised in that a frame or installation sleeve (1) is provided for mounting the line portion (2), said frame or sleeve (1) being insertable into the wall and determining the air passage opening, the line portion (2) being replaceably introducible into said frame or sleeve with a line part (3), and in that the fire protection flap (8) is accommodated in the part (3) of the line portion (2) which engages in the frame (1) in the mounting position and its drive means (10 - 12; 13, 17) is accommodated in that part (4) of the line portion (2) which projects out of the frame (1).
2. A fire protection system according to claim 1, in which the drive means is in the form of a crank drive, whose crank (11; 13) rotatable about an axis (10) parallel to the pivot axis (7) of the fire protection flap (8) is connected to the fire protection flap via a link (12) which at least in the closed position of the fire protection flap (8) occupies a position past the dead-centre position with respect to the crank rotational axis (10) and thus secures the fire protection flap in the closed position, characterised in that the crank (11) of the crank drive comprises a disc sector (13) rotatable about the crank axis (10), the link (12) engaging said sector (13) near one edge (14), said link making the connection to the fire protection flap (8), and when the fire protection flap is closed the sector (13) abuts that side of the fire protection flap which is remote from the point of articulation of the link with respect to a central pivot axis of the fire protection flap and additionally locks the latter.
3. A fire protection system according to claim 2, characterised by a spring-loaded locking pin (19) engaging behind the disc sector (13) moved into the closed position.
4. A fire protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which a drive shaft (10) for the fire protection flap (8) or the crank drive (12, 13, 17) is drivable by way of a remote-controlled external drive unit and the drive connection can be released by a temperature-sensitive sensor when its response temperature is exceeded so that an actuating spring moves the fire protection flap (8) into the closed position, characterised in that the crank disc sector (13) is additionally rotatably mounted on the drive shaft (10) by way of the actuating spring and the temperature-sensitive sensor holds the crank disc sector fast on the shaft when the spring is prestressed and releases the same when the release temperature is exceeded.
5. A fire protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a pilotherm (20) can be fitted to the line portion (4) for a remote-control device of the external drive unit (10), said pilotherm being adapted to be switched over into the response position from the response-ready position by means of at least one temperature sensor (23) connected to it to form a structural unit, said pilotherm being mountable to be stationary on the line portion (4) by means of a support part (28), and being connected to a monitoring means to indicate its switching state, and in that a mounting sensor (22) sensitive to the pressure of the support part on the line portion is provided so that the monitoring means indicates the response-ready state of the pilotherm (20) only when the mounting sensor is actuated.
6. A fire protection system according to claim 5, characterised in that the actuating sensor (22) of the pilotherm (20) is itself constructed as the mounting sensor.
7. A fire protection system according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the temperature sensor (23) co-operating with a resiliently extensible switching sensor (22) is constructed as a sensor introducible through an opening (25) in a line wall (24) and the mounting plate (28) of the pilotherm (20) is adapted to be pressed against the line exterior by way of fixing screws and in that the temperature sensor (23) is accommodated in its own cage (26) which is adjustable relatively to the support plate (28) by an amount corresponding to the operative travel of the switching sensor (22) and is connected to retaining means (27) engaging the outside of the edge of the opening so that the temperature sensor allows movement of the switching sensor into the response position as far as correct mounting.

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