EP0180497B1 - Appareil à lit fluidisé à échangeur de chaleur et à réseau de soufflage d'air complémentaire - Google Patents
Appareil à lit fluidisé à échangeur de chaleur et à réseau de soufflage d'air complémentaire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0180497B1 EP0180497B1 EP85401905A EP85401905A EP0180497B1 EP 0180497 B1 EP0180497 B1 EP 0180497B1 EP 85401905 A EP85401905 A EP 85401905A EP 85401905 A EP85401905 A EP 85401905A EP 0180497 B1 EP0180497 B1 EP 0180497B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- manifold
- heat exchanger
- outer conduit
- conduit
- tubes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
- F23L9/06—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel by discharging the air into the fire bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
- F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
- F22B31/0023—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes in the bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D13/00—Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fluidized bed apparatus, for example a boiler for the combustion in a fluidized bed of coals in fluidizable particles, in which there is a circuit of tubes forming part of a heat exchanger with the fluidized bed and a complementary air or gas supply network independent of the air or fluidizing gas network.
- Fluidized beds with heat exchangers are already known, particularly in the boiler sector.
- An exchanger comprises at least two collectors, one at the inlet and one at the outlet of the fluid, between which extend heat exchange tubes.
- Various arrangements have been proposed for these exchange tubes between the collectors.
- Horizontal tubes have a larger contact surface with the fluidized bed than vertical tubes, but they are highly prone to erosion and corrosion.
- Vertical tubes support erosion better than horizontal tubes and inclined tubes; they require a greater density of tubes but they also have the advantage of giving flexibility to the operation since the variation of the height of the fluidized bed makes it possible to significantly modify the height of immersion of these tubes in the fluidized bed.
- a particularly convenient means for varying the height of the fluidized bed consists in acting on its expansion by means of the change of the fluidization speed by means of a complementary air blowing network independent of the main fluidizing air network. .
- the main object of the invention is to achieve, in a simple manner, an apparatus with a fluidized bed, with a heat exchanger with vertical tubes, with a complementary air blowing network, with which it is possible to obtain all of the advantages mentioned above. above, in particular the flexibility of operation and the low erosion or corrosion of the tubes.
- the external pipe can be arranged concentrically with the internal pipe, which provides between them an annular cylindrical volume; the external pipe can also be off-center with respect to the internal pipe and can be connected with it tangentially or intersecting, so that the intermediate volume has, in cross section, the profile of a crescent.
- the external pipe extends outside the walls of the fluidized bed apparatus and it is connected at its highest end to the supply of complementary air, preferably to the lowest point of its section, while its lowest end is provided with a purge valve intended to allow the evacuation, when it is deemed desirable, of the ashes which have possibly penetrated into the intermediate volume.
- FIG. 1 shows only part of the lower zone of a coal-fired boiler 1 which is burned in a fluidized bed above a grid 2 for blowing the main fluidizing air.
- This grid 2 can be of any type, the invention being independent of this grid.
- a heat exchanger which comprises at least one lower collector 4 disposed in the fluidized bed at a short distance from the grid 2 with a slight inclination (of 7 ° for example) relative to the horizontal .
- the collector 4 is connected to a circuit 6 for the water supply.
- Vertical heat exchange tubes 7 extend from the lower manifold 4 to at least one upper manifold (not shown in this figure 1) for the start of water vapor.
- the lower manifold 4 comprises an inner pipe 4A which is connected to the circuit 6 and an outer pipe 4B which concentrically envelops the inner pipe 4A (FIG. 2) over the entire width of the hearth 3 and preferably beyond the walls. of the last.
- the external pipe 4B is provided in its lower part with nozzles 8, spaced apart by a suitable pitch, directed downwards, preferably located on two generators spaced 45 ° from the vertical, as shown Figure 2.
- the external pipe 4B is connected, at its lowest point in cross section, outside the boiler 1. to an inlet of complementary air 10 comprising a flow control valve 10A.
- This extreme part 9 of the external pipe 4B freely crosses, through a larger opening 9A, the law 5 of the boiler 1 and it is joined to this wall by a flexible expansion joint 9B which provides sealing.
- the interior pipe 4A ends with a bottom 4C inside the exterior pipe 4B.
- the external pipe 4B with its nozzles 8 is part of the complementary air blowing network used to modify the immersion height of the tubes 7; at the same time, it protects the interior pipe 4A of the water / steam network. In addition, since it plays no role for heat transfer, it can be protected against erosion by an appropriate treatment or coating.
- This external pipe 4B allows the vertical tubes 7 to pass through an opening 11 larger than the external diameter of the latter, which allows them to expand; a conical cap 12 welded to the tube 7 covers the opening 11 to prevent the entry of the ashes by the latter.
- the lower end of the external pipe 4B is provided, at its lowest point in cross section, outside the wall of the boiler 1, with a purge valve 13A.
- a purge valve 13A One can thus evacuate, when it is deemed necessary, the ashes which accidentally entered the intermediate volume 14 included between the pipes 4A and 4B, by using the complementary air which comes through the inlet 10, without it it is necessary to have another pressurized air circuit.
- FIG. 3 shows a variant according to which the external pipe 4B 'is eccentric with respect to the internal pipe 4A'; in cross section, the profiles are intersecting and the intermediate volume 14 'has the profile of a crescent.
- the latter has its largest thickness below the lower generatrix of the inner pipe 4A '; it is therefore further protected downwards whereas in the example illustrated in FIG. 2, it is also protected in all directions.
- the invention can also be used in devices where the tubes 7 are not vertical, but are raised and more or less inclined.
- FIG. 4 better shows the interior of the hearth 3 of a boiler 1 in which are mounted two heat exchangers according to the invention, arranged in opposite relative directions; there are numerous vertical tubes 7 from each inclined lower collector 4 which lead to an upper collector 15 inclined parallel to the lower collector 4 with which it is joined.
- Each upper manifold 15 extends outside of the boiler 1 where it is connected to a pipe 16 for steam outlet; it is of known conventional construction.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT85401905T ATE36055T1 (de) | 1984-10-02 | 1985-10-01 | Wirbelschischtapparat mit waermetauscher und mit einem einblasnetz fuer sekundaerluft. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8415105 | 1984-10-02 | ||
FR8415105A FR2571123B1 (fr) | 1984-10-02 | 1984-10-02 | Appareil a lit fluidise a echangeur de chaleur et a reseau de soufflage d'air complementaire |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0180497A1 EP0180497A1 (fr) | 1986-05-07 |
EP0180497B1 true EP0180497B1 (fr) | 1988-07-27 |
Family
ID=9308263
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP85401905A Expired EP0180497B1 (fr) | 1984-10-02 | 1985-10-01 | Appareil à lit fluidisé à échangeur de chaleur et à réseau de soufflage d'air complémentaire |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4627387A (fi) |
EP (1) | EP0180497B1 (fi) |
AT (1) | ATE36055T1 (fi) |
DE (1) | DE3564022D1 (fi) |
FI (1) | FI853822L (fi) |
FR (1) | FR2571123B1 (fi) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3630159A1 (de) * | 1986-09-04 | 1988-03-17 | Steinmueller Gmbh L & C | Wirbelschichtfeuerung mit mindestens einer schottenheizflaeche |
US8968431B2 (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2015-03-03 | Synthesis Energy Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cooling solid particles under high temperature and pressure |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE421723B (sv) * | 1977-05-09 | 1982-01-25 | Goetaverken Angteknik Ab | Sett och reaktor for genomforande av exoterma reaktioner, t ex forbrenning, i en cirkulerad flytbedd |
DK155464C (da) * | 1978-10-27 | 1989-08-21 | Smidth & Co As F L | Hvirvelkammerkedelanlaeg |
DE2952091A1 (de) * | 1979-12-22 | 1981-07-02 | Ferdinand Lentjes, Dampfkessel- und Maschinenbau, 4000 Düsseldorf | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einspeisen feinteiliger kohle in eine wirbelschichtfeuerung |
US4312919A (en) * | 1980-01-16 | 1982-01-26 | Devanney John W | Process of producing a non-agglomerating vanadium coated particle |
DE3027517A1 (de) * | 1980-07-19 | 1982-02-25 | Ferdinand Lentjes, Dampfkessel- und Maschinenbau, 4000 Düsseldorf | Wirbelschichtfeuerung |
US4335785A (en) * | 1980-11-19 | 1982-06-22 | Hodges James L | Apparatus and method for controlling heat transfer between a fluidized bed and tubes immersed therein |
US4492184A (en) * | 1983-10-13 | 1985-01-08 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Solids cooling |
-
1984
- 1984-10-02 FR FR8415105A patent/FR2571123B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-10-01 US US06/782,556 patent/US4627387A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-10-01 AT AT85401905T patent/ATE36055T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-10-01 EP EP85401905A patent/EP0180497B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1985-10-01 DE DE8585401905T patent/DE3564022D1/de not_active Expired
- 1985-10-02 FI FI853822A patent/FI853822L/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4627387A (en) | 1986-12-09 |
FR2571123B1 (fr) | 1986-11-28 |
DE3564022D1 (en) | 1988-09-01 |
FI853822A0 (fi) | 1985-10-02 |
FR2571123A1 (fr) | 1986-04-04 |
ATE36055T1 (de) | 1988-08-15 |
FI853822L (fi) | 1986-04-03 |
EP0180497A1 (fr) | 1986-05-07 |
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