EP0180497B1 - Wirbelschischtapparat mit Wärmetauscher und mit einem Einblasnetz für Sekundärluft - Google Patents

Wirbelschischtapparat mit Wärmetauscher und mit einem Einblasnetz für Sekundärluft Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0180497B1
EP0180497B1 EP85401905A EP85401905A EP0180497B1 EP 0180497 B1 EP0180497 B1 EP 0180497B1 EP 85401905 A EP85401905 A EP 85401905A EP 85401905 A EP85401905 A EP 85401905A EP 0180497 B1 EP0180497 B1 EP 0180497B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
manifold
heat exchanger
outer conduit
conduit
tubes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85401905A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0180497A1 (de
Inventor
Roger Marcel Puff
Jacques Dreuilhe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Charbonnages de France CDF
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Areva NP SAS
Original Assignee
Charbonnages de France CDF
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Framatome SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Charbonnages de France CDF, IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN, Framatome SA filed Critical Charbonnages de France CDF
Priority to AT85401905T priority Critical patent/ATE36055T1/de
Publication of EP0180497A1 publication Critical patent/EP0180497A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0180497B1 publication Critical patent/EP0180497B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/06—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air into the fire bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F22B31/0023—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes in the bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D13/00—Heat-exchange apparatus using a fluidised bed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fluidized bed apparatus, for example a boiler for the combustion in a fluidized bed of coals in fluidizable particles, in which there is a circuit of tubes forming part of a heat exchanger with the fluidized bed and a complementary air or gas supply network independent of the air or fluidizing gas network.
  • Fluidized beds with heat exchangers are already known, particularly in the boiler sector.
  • An exchanger comprises at least two collectors, one at the inlet and one at the outlet of the fluid, between which extend heat exchange tubes.
  • Various arrangements have been proposed for these exchange tubes between the collectors.
  • Horizontal tubes have a larger contact surface with the fluidized bed than vertical tubes, but they are highly prone to erosion and corrosion.
  • Vertical tubes support erosion better than horizontal tubes and inclined tubes; they require a greater density of tubes but they also have the advantage of giving flexibility to the operation since the variation of the height of the fluidized bed makes it possible to significantly modify the height of immersion of these tubes in the fluidized bed.
  • a particularly convenient means for varying the height of the fluidized bed consists in acting on its expansion by means of the change of the fluidization speed by means of a complementary air blowing network independent of the main fluidizing air network. .
  • the main object of the invention is to achieve, in a simple manner, an apparatus with a fluidized bed, with a heat exchanger with vertical tubes, with a complementary air blowing network, with which it is possible to obtain all of the advantages mentioned above. above, in particular the flexibility of operation and the low erosion or corrosion of the tubes.
  • the external pipe can be arranged concentrically with the internal pipe, which provides between them an annular cylindrical volume; the external pipe can also be off-center with respect to the internal pipe and can be connected with it tangentially or intersecting, so that the intermediate volume has, in cross section, the profile of a crescent.
  • the external pipe extends outside the walls of the fluidized bed apparatus and it is connected at its highest end to the supply of complementary air, preferably to the lowest point of its section, while its lowest end is provided with a purge valve intended to allow the evacuation, when it is deemed desirable, of the ashes which have possibly penetrated into the intermediate volume.
  • FIG. 1 shows only part of the lower zone of a coal-fired boiler 1 which is burned in a fluidized bed above a grid 2 for blowing the main fluidizing air.
  • This grid 2 can be of any type, the invention being independent of this grid.
  • a heat exchanger which comprises at least one lower collector 4 disposed in the fluidized bed at a short distance from the grid 2 with a slight inclination (of 7 ° for example) relative to the horizontal .
  • the collector 4 is connected to a circuit 6 for the water supply.
  • Vertical heat exchange tubes 7 extend from the lower manifold 4 to at least one upper manifold (not shown in this figure 1) for the start of water vapor.
  • the lower manifold 4 comprises an inner pipe 4A which is connected to the circuit 6 and an outer pipe 4B which concentrically envelops the inner pipe 4A (FIG. 2) over the entire width of the hearth 3 and preferably beyond the walls. of the last.
  • the external pipe 4B is provided in its lower part with nozzles 8, spaced apart by a suitable pitch, directed downwards, preferably located on two generators spaced 45 ° from the vertical, as shown Figure 2.
  • the external pipe 4B is connected, at its lowest point in cross section, outside the boiler 1. to an inlet of complementary air 10 comprising a flow control valve 10A.
  • This extreme part 9 of the external pipe 4B freely crosses, through a larger opening 9A, the law 5 of the boiler 1 and it is joined to this wall by a flexible expansion joint 9B which provides sealing.
  • the interior pipe 4A ends with a bottom 4C inside the exterior pipe 4B.
  • the external pipe 4B with its nozzles 8 is part of the complementary air blowing network used to modify the immersion height of the tubes 7; at the same time, it protects the interior pipe 4A of the water / steam network. In addition, since it plays no role for heat transfer, it can be protected against erosion by an appropriate treatment or coating.
  • This external pipe 4B allows the vertical tubes 7 to pass through an opening 11 larger than the external diameter of the latter, which allows them to expand; a conical cap 12 welded to the tube 7 covers the opening 11 to prevent the entry of the ashes by the latter.
  • the lower end of the external pipe 4B is provided, at its lowest point in cross section, outside the wall of the boiler 1, with a purge valve 13A.
  • a purge valve 13A One can thus evacuate, when it is deemed necessary, the ashes which accidentally entered the intermediate volume 14 included between the pipes 4A and 4B, by using the complementary air which comes through the inlet 10, without it it is necessary to have another pressurized air circuit.
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant according to which the external pipe 4B 'is eccentric with respect to the internal pipe 4A'; in cross section, the profiles are intersecting and the intermediate volume 14 'has the profile of a crescent.
  • the latter has its largest thickness below the lower generatrix of the inner pipe 4A '; it is therefore further protected downwards whereas in the example illustrated in FIG. 2, it is also protected in all directions.
  • the invention can also be used in devices where the tubes 7 are not vertical, but are raised and more or less inclined.
  • FIG. 4 better shows the interior of the hearth 3 of a boiler 1 in which are mounted two heat exchangers according to the invention, arranged in opposite relative directions; there are numerous vertical tubes 7 from each inclined lower collector 4 which lead to an upper collector 15 inclined parallel to the lower collector 4 with which it is joined.
  • Each upper manifold 15 extends outside of the boiler 1 where it is connected to a pipe 16 for steam outlet; it is of known conventional construction.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Wirbelbetteinrichtung mit Wärmetauscher, des mindestens einen gegen die Waagerechte leicht geneigten unteren Sammler (4) hat, der sich während des Betriebes in dem Wirbelbett befindet und von dem aufrechte Röhren (7) nach oben bis zu einem oberen Sammler führen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder untere Sammler (4) aus einem Innenrohr (4A), das mit dem Kreislauf des Wärmetauscherfluides verbunden ist und von dem die Röhren (7) abgehen, und einem Außenrohr (4B) besteht, das mit einer zusätzlichen Gaszuführung zum Einblasen verbunden und mit Blasdüsen (8) versehen ist.
2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Außenrohr (4B) koaxial zum Innenrohr (4A) angeordnet ist.
3. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Außenrohr (4B) bezogen auf das Innenrohr (4A) exzentrisch angeordnet ist und mit diesem so verbunden ist, daß es dieses berührt oder schneidet, wobei der Zwischenraum (14') einen halbmondförmigen Querschnitt hat.
4. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zwischenraum (14') seine größte Tiefe unterhalb der unteren Mantellinie des Innenrohrs (4A) hat.
5. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Außenrohr (4B) eines jeden Sammlers (4) sich über die Wandung der Einrichtung hinaus nach außen erstreckt und an seinem obersten Ende (9), vorzugsweise an seiner untersten Stelle der Querschnittsebene, mit der zusätzlichen Gaszuführung (10) verbunden ist.
6. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich das Außenrohr (4B) eines jeden Sammlers (4) über die Wandung der Einrichtung hinaus nach außen erstreckt und an seinem untersten Ende, vorzugsweise an seiner untersten Stelle der Querschnittsebene, mit einem Ablaßventil (13A) versehen ist.
7. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Blasdüsen (8) im unteren Abschnitt des Außenrohrs (4B) angeordnet sind.
8. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Blasdüsen (8) auf zwei Erzeugenden liegen, die jeweils einen Abstand von ungefähr 45° von der Vertikalen haben.
EP85401905A 1984-10-02 1985-10-01 Wirbelschischtapparat mit Wärmetauscher und mit einem Einblasnetz für Sekundärluft Expired EP0180497B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85401905T ATE36055T1 (de) 1984-10-02 1985-10-01 Wirbelschischtapparat mit waermetauscher und mit einem einblasnetz fuer sekundaerluft.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8415105 1984-10-02
FR8415105A FR2571123B1 (fr) 1984-10-02 1984-10-02 Appareil a lit fluidise a echangeur de chaleur et a reseau de soufflage d'air complementaire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0180497A1 EP0180497A1 (de) 1986-05-07
EP0180497B1 true EP0180497B1 (de) 1988-07-27

Family

ID=9308263

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85401905A Expired EP0180497B1 (de) 1984-10-02 1985-10-01 Wirbelschischtapparat mit Wärmetauscher und mit einem Einblasnetz für Sekundärluft

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4627387A (de)
EP (1) EP0180497B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE36055T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3564022D1 (de)
FI (1) FI853822L (de)
FR (1) FR2571123B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3630159A1 (de) * 1986-09-04 1988-03-17 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Wirbelschichtfeuerung mit mindestens einer schottenheizflaeche
US8968431B2 (en) * 2008-06-05 2015-03-03 Synthesis Energy Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for cooling solid particles under high temperature and pressure

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE421723B (sv) * 1977-05-09 1982-01-25 Goetaverken Angteknik Ab Sett och reaktor for genomforande av exoterma reaktioner, t ex forbrenning, i en cirkulerad flytbedd
DK155464C (da) * 1978-10-27 1989-08-21 Smidth & Co As F L Hvirvelkammerkedelanlaeg
DE2952091A1 (de) * 1979-12-22 1981-07-02 Ferdinand Lentjes, Dampfkessel- und Maschinenbau, 4000 Düsseldorf Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einspeisen feinteiliger kohle in eine wirbelschichtfeuerung
US4312919A (en) * 1980-01-16 1982-01-26 Devanney John W Process of producing a non-agglomerating vanadium coated particle
DE3027517A1 (de) * 1980-07-19 1982-02-25 Ferdinand Lentjes, Dampfkessel- und Maschinenbau, 4000 Düsseldorf Wirbelschichtfeuerung
US4335785A (en) * 1980-11-19 1982-06-22 Hodges James L Apparatus and method for controlling heat transfer between a fluidized bed and tubes immersed therein
US4492184A (en) * 1983-10-13 1985-01-08 Exxon Research And Engineering Co. Solids cooling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4627387A (en) 1986-12-09
FR2571123B1 (fr) 1986-11-28
DE3564022D1 (en) 1988-09-01
FI853822A0 (fi) 1985-10-02
FR2571123A1 (fr) 1986-04-04
ATE36055T1 (de) 1988-08-15
FI853822L (fi) 1986-04-03
EP0180497A1 (de) 1986-05-07

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