EP0180293A2 - Method of making fur-bearing strands - Google Patents
Method of making fur-bearing strands Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0180293A2 EP0180293A2 EP85305200A EP85305200A EP0180293A2 EP 0180293 A2 EP0180293 A2 EP 0180293A2 EP 85305200 A EP85305200 A EP 85305200A EP 85305200 A EP85305200 A EP 85305200A EP 0180293 A2 EP0180293 A2 EP 0180293A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fur
- strands
- yarn
- hide
- joined
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/06—Threads formed from strip material other than paper
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41H—APPLIANCES OR METHODS FOR MAKING CLOTHES, e.g. FOR DRESS-MAKING OR FOR TAILORING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- A41H41/00—Machines or appliances for making garments from natural or artificial fur
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/025—Yarns or threads formed from hair
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for making fur bearing strands from hides of fur bearing animals and a yarn from such strands suitable for producing a fur garment.
- a natural fur bearing hide has a clearly apparent grain to it, that is, the hairs of the fur run in roughly the same direction. There is also usually a gradient of hair length along the hide of a fur bearing animal with the hairs becoming longer from the neck toward the tail of the animal. Because of the manner in which prior furred yarns were made, the resulting fabric did not have a natural grain to the fur nor was there a gradient of hair length so as to give a natural appearance to the fabric.
- the present invention provides a yarn which has low stretch characteristics so that a fabric can be produced therefrom without the need to include other nonstretchable yarn or cord.
- the yarn is made by cutting strands from the hides in such a fashion to give a fabric or garment made therefrom a natural appearance.
- fabric made from the yarn of the present invention has a natural grain to the fur, and may, if desired, have a natural gradient to the lengths of hair comprising the fur.
- the present invention provides a method of making fur bearing strands from hides of-fur bearing animals, comprising joining side by side a plurality of hide portions with the fur in f each portion running in the same direction parallel to the joining seams, and cutting strands transversely of said joined hides.
- a yarn may be made from the strands by twisting each strand longitudinally so that the fur is substantially about the exterior thereof.
- the stretchability of the hide may be reduced to an acceptable level by chrome tanning the hides or by treating them with a stretch reducing impregnant such as polyvinyl acetate latex.
- Animal pelts generally thought to be suitable for production of the yarn of the present invention include those pelts of animals usually trapped or bred for the fur industry. Such pelts are normally tanned without the use of chromic acid or dichromate, thereby giving a softer more pliable hide than if a chrome tanning procedure is used. The hide from a normally tanned pelt may be used to make the yarn of the invention, however, the resulting yarn is generally felt to be too stretchable for most applications. A garment made from a stretchable yarn does not readily maintain its shape and is thus, generally undesirable.
- the stretchability of the hides used in the present invention can be reduced to an acceptable level by chrome tanning the untanned pelts, or chrome tanning hides previously tanned without chrome, or by impregnating the hides with a stretch reducing substance such as polyvinyl acetate latex.
- chrome tanning the untanned pelts
- chrome tanning hides previously tanned without chrome
- impregnating the hides with a stretch reducing substance such as polyvinyl acetate latex.
- polyvinyl acetate latex To achieve the lowest degree of stretchability it is often desirable to impregnate chrome tanned hides with polyvinyl acetate latex.
- the production of strands 10 suitable for making a fur yarn 15 is carried out in accordance with the invention by initially selecting a plurality of pelts or hides from which are cut rectangular portions 17 each having approximately the same length and each having the grain of the fur thereon running in a compatible direction. Generally, the portions 17 are cut from each hide so as to produce the largest portion 17 possible. This usually means that the portions 17 are cut from the whole hides longitudinally so that the grain of the fur runs along the length of each portion 17.
- the portions 17 are joined side by side along their longitudinal edges 18 at seams 19. Usually it is preferable to join the portion 17 so that the grain in each portion 17 is running in the same direction. The grain of the fur most commonly runs longitudinally parallel to the joining seams 19.
- the portions 17 may be joined by butting adjacent edges 18 of two portions 17 together and adhering a leather strip 21 thereover at the back or furless side of the hide portions 17.
- a second preferred joining method involves shaving or shearing a narrow strip 25 of fur along a longitudinal edge 18 of a first portion 17 and adhering the back of a second portion 17 at a longitudinal edge 18 thereof to the shaved strip 25.
- the hide portions 17 may be treated to reduce stretchability, as explained above, either before or after they are joined together.
- chrome tanning can be economically and conveniently accomplished either before or after the portions 17 are joined together, but since impregnation of the hides with polyvinyl acetate latex or other stretch reducing substance is relatively more expensive than chrome tanning, it is preferred to carry out the impregnation process on the assembled hide portions 17.
- the joined portions 17 are slit transversely.
- the slitting operation is preferably performed by a machine so that strands 10 of uniform width are obtained.
- the preferred width for the strands 10 used to make a yarn 15 is in the range 1.5 to 2.0 mm, with 1.75 mm being optimal in most cases.
- Individual strands 10 cut from joined hide portions 17 may be joined together end to end to form a strand 10 of a desired length.
- the end to end joining of strands 10 may be most conveniently carried out by sewing or by adhering the back end of one strand 10 to a shaved front end of another strand 10.
- the strand 10 thus produced can be made into a yarn 15 by simply twisting it about its longitudinal axis so that the furred side faces outwardly. This twisting is conveniently accomplished by a spinning wheel or the like. Prior to twisting the strand 10, it is preferable to stretch it longitudinally to remove residual pliancy therefrom. Loose hairs are also desirably removed from the strand 10 prior to twisting thereof by tumbling the strands 10 in a clothes drier or vacuuming the strands 10 by running them through a vacuum chamber. Often both steps of vacuuming and tumble drying are used.
- the yarn 15 may be formed into a fabric 27 by knitting or weaving.
- a garment may be knitted directly from the yarn 15, and by virtue of the present method of making the yarn 15, such a garment will have a very natural appearance.
- the knitted garment produced from the resulting yarn has a uniform grain to the fur on the exterior of the garment, which grain runs from the top to the bottom thereof. This uniformity of grain produces a very natural appearance to the garment in the manner of a fur garment made from a plurality of hides.
- This natural effect can be further enhanced by taking advantage of the natural gradient in hair lengths on a fur bearing animal hide, the hairs being longer toward the tail of the animal.
- Hide portions 17 joined together having this natural hair length gradient will result in strands 10 cut from the tail end side of the joined portions 17 having longer hair than strands 10 cut toward the head end side thereof.
- the resulting yarn will have fur at one end which is longer than that at the other end.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Decoration Of Textiles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a method for making fur bearing strands from hides of fur bearing animals and a yarn from such strands suitable for producing a fur garment.
- f Prior methods for making a fur bearing yarn have proven unsatisfactory for several reasons. Animal hides from which strands are cut to make the yarn are inherently stretchable. This stretchability is transferred to the yarn and the fabric made therefrom. Clearly, this stretch characteristic is not desirable since garments made from such fabric will not hold their shape.
- Previously, this problem of stretchability was addressed by mixing the yarn with a nonstretchable yarn in the production of the fabric, or the furred yarn itself was made by wrapping or twisting a furred strand of hide about a nonstretchable cord. A recent effort along these lines can be seen in Canadian patent no. 1,107,487 issued to Lishman on August 25, 1981.
- In addition to the stretch problem, it is difficult to make from a furred yarn a fabric or garment which has a-natural appearance to it. A natural fur bearing hide has a clearly apparent grain to it, that is, the hairs of the fur run in roughly the same direction. There is also usually a gradient of hair length along the hide of a fur bearing animal with the hairs becoming longer from the neck toward the tail of the animal. Because of the manner in which prior furred yarns were made, the resulting fabric did not have a natural grain to the fur nor was there a gradient of hair length so as to give a natural appearance to the fabric.
- The present invention provides a yarn which has low stretch characteristics so that a fabric can be produced therefrom without the need to include other nonstretchable yarn or cord. The yarn is made by cutting strands from the hides in such a fashion to give a fabric or garment made therefrom a natural appearance. Thus, fabric made from the yarn of the present invention has a natural grain to the fur, and may, if desired, have a natural gradient to the lengths of hair comprising the fur.
- Accordingly, the present invention provides a method of making fur bearing strands from hides of-fur bearing animals, comprising joining side by side a plurality of hide portions with the fur in f each portion running in the same direction parallel to the joining seams, and cutting strands transversely of said joined hides. A yarn may be made from the strands by twisting each strand longitudinally so that the fur is substantially about the exterior thereof.
- The stretchability of the hide may be reduced to an acceptable level by chrome tanning the hides or by treating them with a stretch reducing impregnant such as polyvinyl acetate latex.
- A preferred embodiment of the invention will hereinafter be described with reference being made to the drawings in which:
- Figure 1 is a perspective view from the furred side of hide portions joined together in accordance with the invention;
- Figure 2 is a perspective view from the back or furless side of hide portions showing one method of joining them together;
- Figure 3 is a perspective view as in Figure 2 but showing a second method of joining the hide portions and also showing the slitting thereof to form strands;
- Figure 4 shows the longitudinal twisting of a strand to form the yarn of the invention;
- . Figure 5 is a perspective view of a piece of fabric woven using the yarn of Figure 4; and
- Figure 6 is a sectional view along line 6-6 in Figure 5.
- Animal pelts generally thought to be suitable for production of the yarn of the present invention include those pelts of animals usually trapped or bred for the fur industry. Such pelts are normally tanned without the use of chromic acid or dichromate, thereby giving a softer more pliable hide than if a chrome tanning procedure is used. The hide from a normally tanned pelt may be used to make the yarn of the invention, however, the resulting yarn is generally felt to be too stretchable for most applications. A garment made from a stretchable yarn does not readily maintain its shape and is thus, generally undesirable.
- It has been found that the stretchability of the hides used in the present invention can be reduced to an acceptable level by chrome tanning the untanned pelts, or chrome tanning hides previously tanned without chrome, or by impregnating the hides with a stretch reducing substance such as polyvinyl acetate latex. To achieve the lowest degree of stretchability it is often desirable to impregnate chrome tanned hides with polyvinyl acetate latex.
- The production of
strands 10 suitable for making afur yarn 15 is carried out in accordance with the invention by initially selecting a plurality of pelts or hides from which are cutrectangular portions 17 each having approximately the same length and each having the grain of the fur thereon running in a compatible direction. Generally, theportions 17 are cut from each hide so as to produce thelargest portion 17 possible. This usually means that theportions 17 are cut from the whole hides longitudinally so that the grain of the fur runs along the length of eachportion 17. - The
portions 17 are joined side by side along theirlongitudinal edges 18 atseams 19. Usually it is preferable to join theportion 17 so that the grain in eachportion 17 is running in the same direction. The grain of the fur most commonly runs longitudinally parallel to the joiningseams 19. Theportions 17 may be joined by buttingadjacent edges 18 of twoportions 17 together and adhering aleather strip 21 thereover at the back or furless side of thehide portions 17. A second preferred joining method involves shaving or shearing a narrow strip 25 of fur along alongitudinal edge 18 of afirst portion 17 and adhering the back of asecond portion 17 at alongitudinal edge 18 thereof to the shaved strip 25. - The
hide portions 17 may be treated to reduce stretchability, as explained above, either before or after they are joined together. As a practical matter chrome tanning can be economically and conveniently accomplished either before or after theportions 17 are joined together, but since impregnation of the hides with polyvinyl acetate latex or other stretch reducing substance is relatively more expensive than chrome tanning, it is preferred to carry out the impregnation process on the assembledhide portions 17. - To form the
strands 10, the joinedportions 17 are slit transversely. The slitting operation is preferably performed by a machine so thatstrands 10 of uniform width are obtained. The preferred width for thestrands 10 used to make ayarn 15 is in the range 1.5 to 2.0 mm, with 1.75 mm being optimal in most cases. -
Individual strands 10 cut from joined hideportions 17 may be joined together end to end to form astrand 10 of a desired length. The end to end joining ofstrands 10 may be most conveniently carried out by sewing or by adhering the back end of onestrand 10 to a shaved front end of anotherstrand 10. - The
strand 10 thus produced can be made into ayarn 15 by simply twisting it about its longitudinal axis so that the furred side faces outwardly. This twisting is conveniently accomplished by a spinning wheel or the like. Prior to twisting thestrand 10, it is preferable to stretch it longitudinally to remove residual pliancy therefrom. Loose hairs are also desirably removed from thestrand 10 prior to twisting thereof by tumbling thestrands 10 in a clothes drier or vacuuming thestrands 10 by running them through a vacuum chamber. Often both steps of vacuuming and tumble drying are used. - The
yarn 15 may be formed into afabric 27 by knitting or weaving. A garment may be knitted directly from theyarn 15, and by virtue of the present method of making theyarn 15, such a garment will have a very natural appearance. Thus, when thehide portions 17 are assembled so that the grains of the fur inadjacent portions 17 all run in the same direction parallel to the joiningseams 19, the knitted garment produced from the resulting yarn has a uniform grain to the fur on the exterior of the garment, which grain runs from the top to the bottom thereof. This uniformity of grain produces a very natural appearance to the garment in the manner of a fur garment made from a plurality of hides. - This natural effect can be further enhanced by taking advantage of the natural gradient in hair lengths on a fur bearing animal hide, the hairs being longer toward the tail of the animal.
Hide portions 17 joined together having this natural hair length gradient will result instrands 10 cut from the tail end side of the joinedportions 17 having longer hair thanstrands 10 cut toward the head end side thereof. By maintaining the hair length gradient of thestrands 10 when joining them end to end to form along strand 10, the resulting yarn will have fur at one end which is longer than that at the other end. By knitting a garment using the long fur end first, the garment will incorporate the natural fur length gradient as well as the natural fur grain thus further enhancing the attractiveness of the finished garment.
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA459392 | 1984-07-20 | ||
CA000459392A CA1235916A (en) | 1984-07-20 | 1984-07-20 | Method of making fur bearing strands |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0180293A2 true EP0180293A2 (en) | 1986-05-07 |
EP0180293A3 EP0180293A3 (en) | 1987-07-01 |
Family
ID=4128361
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP85305200A Withdrawn EP0180293A3 (en) | 1984-07-20 | 1985-07-22 | Method of making fur-bearing strands |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0180293A3 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6134239A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1235916A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1215314A2 (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-06-19 | Wolfgang Beetz | Yarn, use of the yarn and method for its production |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2674152B2 (en) * | 1988-11-08 | 1997-11-12 | 東レ株式会社 | Special fabric and manufacturing method thereof |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2067895A (en) * | 1934-12-29 | 1937-01-19 | Arbib Ida | Knitted article |
US2989362A (en) * | 1954-08-13 | 1961-06-20 | Bohme Fettchemie Gmbh | Washing process for the removal of chrome soaps from chrome-tanned furs |
FR1561448A (en) * | 1968-02-14 | 1969-03-28 | ||
FR2177429A1 (en) * | 1971-11-12 | 1973-11-09 | Miszenski Henryk | Knitted furs - from cut fur strips |
US4131713A (en) * | 1974-05-08 | 1978-12-26 | William M. Alexander | Leather yarn product and method of manufacture |
CA1107487A (en) * | 1978-03-21 | 1981-08-25 | Paula Lishman | Fabric of fur and method of production |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6059142A (en) * | 1983-09-09 | 1985-04-05 | ニチロ毛皮株式会社 | Production of fur yarn |
-
1984
- 1984-07-20 CA CA000459392A patent/CA1235916A/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-05-22 JP JP10845985A patent/JPS6134239A/en active Pending
- 1985-07-22 EP EP85305200A patent/EP0180293A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2067895A (en) * | 1934-12-29 | 1937-01-19 | Arbib Ida | Knitted article |
US2989362A (en) * | 1954-08-13 | 1961-06-20 | Bohme Fettchemie Gmbh | Washing process for the removal of chrome soaps from chrome-tanned furs |
FR1561448A (en) * | 1968-02-14 | 1969-03-28 | ||
FR2177429A1 (en) * | 1971-11-12 | 1973-11-09 | Miszenski Henryk | Knitted furs - from cut fur strips |
US4131713A (en) * | 1974-05-08 | 1978-12-26 | William M. Alexander | Leather yarn product and method of manufacture |
CA1107487A (en) * | 1978-03-21 | 1981-08-25 | Paula Lishman | Fabric of fur and method of production |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1215314A2 (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-06-19 | Wolfgang Beetz | Yarn, use of the yarn and method for its production |
EP1215314A3 (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2003-01-29 | Wolfgang Beetz | Yarn, use of the yarn and method for its production |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0180293A3 (en) | 1987-07-01 |
CA1235916A (en) | 1988-05-03 |
JPS6134239A (en) | 1986-02-18 |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19880105 |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: LEIDNER, JACOB Inventor name: RODE, MALCOLM E. Inventor name: KREHM, HERMAN S. |