EP0179100B1 - Process for producing cast components and pattern for use of this process - Google Patents

Process for producing cast components and pattern for use of this process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0179100B1
EP0179100B1 EP85901972A EP85901972A EP0179100B1 EP 0179100 B1 EP0179100 B1 EP 0179100B1 EP 85901972 A EP85901972 A EP 85901972A EP 85901972 A EP85901972 A EP 85901972A EP 0179100 B1 EP0179100 B1 EP 0179100B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pattern
pattern parts
gasifiable
parts
reusable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85901972A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0179100A1 (en
Inventor
Kurt Feuring
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buderus Bau und Abwassertechnik GmbH
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Buderus Bau und Abwassertechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buderus Bau und Abwassertechnik GmbH filed Critical Buderus Bau und Abwassertechnik GmbH
Priority to AT85901972T priority Critical patent/ATE31643T1/en
Publication of EP0179100A1 publication Critical patent/EP0179100A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0179100B1 publication Critical patent/EP0179100B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B22C7/02—Lost patterns
    • B22C7/023—Patterns made from expanded plastic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
    • B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing castings according to the preamble of claim 1 and a model for performing this method.
  • non-conformal contours i.e. The full-form technology with gasifiable models offers undercuts.
  • the molded model is destroyed shortly before or during casting.
  • the application of this method has its limits in the stability of the usable foamed plastic, which opposes a relatively low resistance to compression molding. This can lead to warpage or dimensional deviations on the castings.
  • a new model must be created for each cast, which is then completely gasified. Relatively large amounts of gas have to be removed during casting. Residues on the surface of the casting can affect the quality of the castings.
  • a method is proposed with which castings with contours that do not conform to the shape can be produced without problems without the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the respective advantages are used by the two known molding processes with reusable and gasifiable models.
  • the required dimensional accuracy is maintained because the functional dimensions, the contoured contours and the support parts for the gasifiable model parts are made of dimensionally stable material. It is not necessary to gas very large volumes during pouring. This improves the fluidity of the metal, since lower gas pressures are opposed and the gases can be removed more easily. There is also less residue in the mold cavity, which significantly improves the surface quality of the castings.
  • the costs and effort for the previously required production of full-form models are significantly reduced.
  • the method according to the invention achieves its particular advantages in connection with the known vacuum molding technology.
  • This molding process is suitable for the production of castings with high dimensional accuracy even with larger dimensions, since the lack of binders means that the molding material can easily be shaken to form the densest core packing.
  • the high compression does not allow the use of larger full-form models. The instability of this model material otherwise leads to inexact castings.
  • the vacuum molding process is ideally suited for the combined technology now proposed.
  • the relatively small, gasifiable model parts deform only minimally due to the high pressures.
  • they enable molding without loose parts and without cores, which is associated with certain problems in the vacuum molding process.
  • the tubbing has ribs made of L-shaped and T-shaped ribs.
  • the contoured contours of the vertical ribs are designed as reusable model parts 1.
  • the contours of the horizontal rib flanges that do not conform to the shape form gasifiable model parts 2.
  • the gasifiable model parts 2 are mounted on the other model parts 1 in such a way that they can be pulled out of the mold vertically after molding.
  • the tubbing shown represents a preferred application. Of course, any other type and shape of the model parts 1, 2 is also conceivable.
  • the gasifiable model parts 2 can be mounted laterally on the reusable model parts 1 or surround them in partial areas. 1 is molded into a mold 3 according to FIG.
  • a vacuum source 5 is then connected to the mold 3. 3, only the reusable model parts 1 with the contour contours pulled out of the mold.
  • the gasifiable model parts 2 remain in the form 3, which is shown in its final state in FIG. 4. They are destroyed by the liquid melt during pouring.

Abstract

Gasifiable parts of a pattern (2) for producing contours which do not match a mould and reusable pattern parts (1) are connected to form a pattern. After moulding, only the reusable parts of the pattern (1) are removed from the mould, while the gasifiable parts of the pattern (2) are destroyed during casting.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Gussstücken nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 und ein Modell zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for producing castings according to the preamble of claim 1 and a model for performing this method.

Die Addition von wiederverwendbaren und von vergasbaren Modellteilen ist bei der Erstellung von Speisern bekannt (DE-U-19 17 893). Dabei wird ein grossvolumiger Zentrierdorn gemeinsam mit einem Schaumstoffkörper eingeformt. Es verbleibt nur der Schaumstoffkörper in der Form, der dann beim Abgiessen durch den Einfluss der Schmelze zerstört wird. Er bildet die Konturen des Speisers, der jedoch nicht Bestandteil des Gussstückes ist.The addition of reusable and gasifiable model parts is known when creating feeders (DE-U-19 17 893). A large-volume centering mandrel is molded in together with a foam body. Only the foam body remains in the mold, which is then destroyed by the influence of the melt during casting. It forms the contours of the feeder, which, however, is not part of the casting.

Zum Ausformen von nicht formgerechten Konturen, d.h. von Hinterschneidungen an Modellen, ist es üblich mit Losteilen zu arbeiten. Diese werden nach dem Herausnehmen des Modellhauptteiles in den entstandenen Formhohlraum hineingezogen und ebenfalls herausgenommen, um dann wieder mit dem Modellhauptteil zusammengefügt zu werden. Bei relativ schmalen Modellen kann nicht mit Losteilen gearbeitet werden, da kein ausreichend breiter Formhohlraum entsteht. Hier müssen separate Kerne in die erstellte Form eingefügt werden.For shaping contours that do not conform to the shape, i.e. of undercuts on models, it is common to work with loose parts. After the main part of the model has been removed, they are drawn into the mold cavity and also removed, in order then to be reassembled with the main part of the model. Loose parts cannot be used on relatively narrow models because the mold cavity is not sufficiently wide. Here separate cores have to be inserted into the created form.

Eine andere Möglichkeit, nicht formgerechte Konturen d.h. Hinterschneidungen auszuformen bietet die Vollformtechnik mit vergasbaren Modellen. Hierbei wird das eingeformte Modell kurz vor oder während des Abgiessens zerstört. Die Anwendung dieses Verfahrens hat ihre Grenzen in der Stabilität des verwendbaren geschäumten Kunststoffes, der einer Formstoffverdichtung relativ geringen Widerstand entgegensetzt. Das kann zu Verzug oder Massabweichungen an den Abgüssen führen. Für jeden Abguss ist ein neues Modell zu erstellen, welches dann vollständig vergast. Es müssen während des G iessens relativ grosse Gasmengen abgeführt werden. Die Rückstände an der Gussstückoberfläche können die Qualität der Abgüsse beeinträchtigen.Another possibility, non-conformal contours i.e. The full-form technology with gasifiable models offers undercuts. Here, the molded model is destroyed shortly before or during casting. The application of this method has its limits in the stability of the usable foamed plastic, which opposes a relatively low resistance to compression molding. This can lead to warpage or dimensional deviations on the castings. A new model must be created for each cast, which is then completely gasified. Relatively large amounts of gas have to be removed during casting. Residues on the surface of the casting can affect the quality of the castings.

Es wird ein Verfahren vorgeschlagen, mit welchem problemlos ohne die vorstehend genannten Nachteile Gussstücke mit nicht formgerechten Konturen erstellt werden können.A method is proposed with which castings with contours that do not conform to the shape can be produced without problems without the disadvantages mentioned above.

Erfindungsgemäss wird dieses erreicht durch die im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruches 1 genannten Massnahmen.According to the invention this is achieved by the measures mentioned in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Von den beiden bekannten Formverfahren mit wieder verwendbaren und mit vergasbaren Modellen werden die jeweiligen Vorteile genutzt. Gegenüber der reinen Vollformtechnik bleibt die erforderliche Massgenauigkeit erhalten, weil die Funktionsmasse, die formgerechten Konturen und die Stützteile für die vergasbaren Modellteile aus formstabilem Material gebildet sind. Es ist nicht nötig, während des Abgiessens sehr grosse Volumina zu vergasen. Dadurch verbessert sich das Fliessvermögen des Metalles, da geringere Gasdrücke entgegenstehen und die Gase leichter abgeführt werden können. Es entstehen auch geringere Rückstände im Formhohlraum, was die Oberflächenqualitätder Gussstücke wesentlich verbessert. Ausserdem werden die Kosten und der Aufwand für die bisher erforderliche Herstellung von Vollform-Modellen wesentlich reduziert.The respective advantages are used by the two known molding processes with reusable and gasifiable models. Compared to pure full-form technology, the required dimensional accuracy is maintained because the functional dimensions, the contoured contours and the support parts for the gasifiable model parts are made of dimensionally stable material. It is not necessary to gas very large volumes during pouring. This improves the fluidity of the metal, since lower gas pressures are opposed and the gases can be removed more easily. There is also less residue in the mold cavity, which significantly improves the surface quality of the castings. In addition, the costs and effort for the previously required production of full-form models are significantly reduced.

Gegenüber der üblichen Formtechnik mit wieder verwendbaren Modellen ergeben sich beanspruchungsgerechtere Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten, da man nicht mehr an die Formgerechtigkeit gebunden ist. Losteile, die nachträglich der Form zu entnehmen sind, können entfallen. Formtechnisch schwierige Konturen sind ohne Kerne leicht herstellbar. Das führt zu einerverbilligung und gleichzeitig zu einem Ausschalten von Fehlerquellen.Compared to the usual molding technology with reusable models, there are more design options that meet the demands, since you are no longer bound to the correct form. Loose parts that can subsequently be removed from the mold can be omitted. Technically difficult contours can be easily produced without cores. This leads to a reduction in price and at the same time to the elimination of sources of error.

Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren erreicht seine besonderen Vorzüge in Verbindung mit der bekannten Vakuum-Formtechnik. Dieses Formverfahren ist geeignet zur Herstellung von Abgüssen mit hoher Massgenauigkeit auch bei grösseren Abmessungen, da der Formstoff durch das Fehlen von Bindern leicht zu dichtester Kernpackung gerüttelt werden kann. Die hohe Verdichtung lässt den Einsatz von grösseren Vollform-Modellen nicht zu. Die Labilität dieses Modellwerkstoffes führt sonst zu masslich ungenauen Abgüssen.The method according to the invention achieves its particular advantages in connection with the known vacuum molding technology. This molding process is suitable for the production of castings with high dimensional accuracy even with larger dimensions, since the lack of binders means that the molding material can easily be shaken to form the densest core packing. The high compression does not allow the use of larger full-form models. The instability of this model material otherwise leads to inexact castings.

Für die jetzt vorgeschlagene kombinierte Technik ist das Vakuum-Formverfahren hingegen hervorragend geeignet. Die relativ kleinen, vergasbaren Modellteile verformen sich durch die hohen Drücke nur minimal. Sie ermöglichen auf der Gegenseite ein Formen ohne Losteile und ohne Kerne, was beim Vakuum-Formverfahren mit gewissen Problemen verbunden ist.The vacuum molding process, on the other hand, is ideally suited for the combined technology now proposed. The relatively small, gasifiable model parts deform only minimally due to the high pressures. On the other side, they enable molding without loose parts and without cores, which is associated with certain problems in the vacuum molding process.

Die beigefügte Zeichnung stellt ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dar. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1: Einen Querschnitt durch das Modell eines Tübbings,
  • Fig. 2: Einen Querschnitt durch eine Form mit eingeformtem Modell,
  • Fig. 3: Einen Querschnitt durch eine Formhälfte während des Herausnehmens des Modelles und
  • Fig. 4: Einen Querschnitt durch die fertige Form vor dem Abgiessen.
The accompanying drawing shows an embodiment of the invention. It shows:
  • 1: a cross section through the model of a segment,
  • 2: a cross section through a mold with molded model,
  • Fig. 3: A cross section through a mold half while removing the model and
  • Fig. 4: A cross section through the finished mold before pouring.

Der Tübbing besitzt eine Verrippung aus im Querschnitt L-und T-förmigen Rippen. Die formgerechten Konturen der vertikalen Rippenstege sind als wieder verwendbare Modellteile 1 ausgebildet. Die nicht formgerechten Konturen der horizontalen Rippenflansche bilden vergasbare Modellteile 2. Die vergasbaren Modellteile 2 sind an den anderen Modellteilen 1 so gelagert, dass diese nach dem Einformen in üblicher Weise senkrecht aus der Form herausgezogen werden können. Der dargestellte Tübbing stellt einen bevorzugten Anwendungsfall dar. Selbstverständlich ist auch jede andere Art und Form der Modellteile 1,2 denkbar. So können die vergasbaren Modellteile 2 seitlich an den wiederverwendbaren Modellteilen 1 gelagertsein oder diese in Teilbereichen umgeben. Das Modell nach Fig. 1 wird nach Fig. 2 in eine Form 3 eingeformt. Zur Anwendung, des Vakuum-Formverfahrens wird es hierzu mit einer Folie 4 überzogen. An die Form 3 wird dann eine Unterdruckquelle 5 angeschlossen. Nach Fig. 3 werden nur die wieder verwendbaren Modellteile 1 mit den formgerechten Konturen aus der Form herausgezogen. Die vergasbaren Modellteile 2 bleiben in der Form 3, die in ihrem Endzustand in Fig. 4 dargestellt ist. Sie werden während des Abgiessens durch die flüssige Schmelze zerstört. Bei den bisher bekannten Formverfahren hätte man entweder eine formgerechte Konstruktion entwickeln oder mit Losteilen bzw. Kernen arbeiten müssen. Reine Vollform-Modelle hätten die beschriebenen Nachteile gehabt. Sie wären zudem für eine Serienfertigung auch viel zu teuer geworden.The tubbing has ribs made of L-shaped and T-shaped ribs. The contoured contours of the vertical ribs are designed as reusable model parts 1. The contours of the horizontal rib flanges that do not conform to the shape form gasifiable model parts 2. The gasifiable model parts 2 are mounted on the other model parts 1 in such a way that they can be pulled out of the mold vertically after molding. The tubbing shown represents a preferred application. Of course, any other type and shape of the model parts 1, 2 is also conceivable. Thus, the gasifiable model parts 2 can be mounted laterally on the reusable model parts 1 or surround them in partial areas. 1 is molded into a mold 3 according to FIG. To use the vacuum molding process, it is covered with a film 4 for this purpose. A vacuum source 5 is then connected to the mold 3. 3, only the reusable model parts 1 with the contour contours pulled out of the mold. The gasifiable model parts 2 remain in the form 3, which is shown in its final state in FIG. 4. They are destroyed by the liquid melt during pouring. With the previously known molding processes, one would have had to either develop a design that conformed to the shape or work with loose parts or cores. Pure full-form models would have had the disadvantages described. They would also have become far too expensive for series production.

Claims (6)

1. Method for the fabrication of castings by molding-in reusable pattern parts (1) and gasifiable pattern parts (2), the reusable pattern parts (1) being removed form the mold and the gasifiable pattern parts (2) being destroyed during the casting process due to the influence of the melt, characterized by that undercuts of the pattern are formed by the gasifiable pattern parts (2), whereas the demoldable contours of the pattern are formed by the reusable pattern parts (1).
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized by that a pattern for the fabrication of tubbings is provided with a rib structure having L and/or T-shaped cross sections, only the vertical rib sections, after molding-in, being removed from the mold (3) as reusable pattern parts (1 ), and the horizontal rib flanges being destroyed as gasifiable pattern parts (2) during the casting process.
3. Method according to claim 1, characterized by that the pattern of gasifiable and reusable pattern parts (2, 1 ) is coated with a foil, is embedded within binder-free mold material, and that the mold fabricated thus is connected to an underpressure source (5) prior to removing and destroying the pattern parts (1, 2).
4. Pattern for the fabrication of castings, consisting of reusable pattern parts (1) and of gasifiable pattern parts (2), characterized by that itcom- prises gasifiable pattern parts (2) for forming undercuts and reusable pattern parts (1) for forming demoldable contours.
5. Pattern according to claim 4, characterized by that, for the fabrication of tubbings, it is provided with a rib structure having L and/or T-shaped cross sections, gasifiable pattern parts (2) forming the horizontal rib flanges, and reusable pattern parts (1) forming the vertical rib sections.
6. Pattern according to claim 4, characterized by that the gasifiable pattern parts (2) are borne in vertical guides at the reusable pattern parts (1).
EP85901972A 1984-04-21 1985-04-17 Process for producing cast components and pattern for use of this process Expired EP0179100B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85901972T ATE31643T1 (en) 1984-04-21 1985-04-17 PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF CASTINGS AND MODEL FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3415232A DE3415232C2 (en) 1984-04-21 1984-04-21 Process for the production of castings and model for the implementation of the process
DE3415232 1984-04-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0179100A1 EP0179100A1 (en) 1986-04-30
EP0179100B1 true EP0179100B1 (en) 1988-01-07

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EP85901972A Expired EP0179100B1 (en) 1984-04-21 1985-04-17 Process for producing cast components and pattern for use of this process

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US4694879A (en)
EP (1) EP0179100B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61501901A (en)
DE (2) DE3415232C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1985004826A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2087763C (en) * 1992-02-11 2002-07-02 Jimmy Cochimin Stator frame for dynamoelectric machine and method for making same
EP0730922A1 (en) * 1995-03-09 1996-09-11 Passavant-Werke Ag Method for producing castings which are later connected to concrete
US7082984B2 (en) * 2004-07-30 2006-08-01 Dana Corporation Article casting method
US7900684B2 (en) * 2007-07-16 2011-03-08 Waukesha Foundry, Inc. In-place cope molding for production of cast metal components

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1917893U (en) * 1965-02-13 1965-06-16 Gruenzweig & Hartmann LOST LOOSE ITEM, IN PARTICULAR SPHERICAL SPEISER MODEL MADE OF FOAMED PLASTIC.
US3842899A (en) * 1971-04-13 1974-10-22 Gruenzweig & Hartmann Apparatus for carrying out full-form casting process

Family Cites Families (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3063113A (en) * 1959-12-10 1962-11-13 Howe Sound Co Disposable pattern with lower melting external coating
US3518586A (en) * 1968-06-17 1970-06-30 Ford Motor Co Electronic tuning device utilizing binary counters and memory system
US3552480A (en) * 1968-07-12 1971-01-05 Caterpillar Tractor Co Pattern for making a sand mold with a back draft
US3624758A (en) * 1968-07-12 1971-11-30 Caterpillar Tractor Co Method of making a sand mold with a back draft
US3842399A (en) * 1974-01-02 1974-10-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Repetitive byte recognition circuit
JPS5222573B2 (en) * 1974-08-14 1977-06-18
DE2507509A1 (en) * 1975-02-21 1976-08-26 Buderus Eisenwerk Lost casting pattern - made of vacuum bag with outer flexible foil, porous backfilling and cover foil
DE2940171C2 (en) * 1979-10-04 1984-04-05 Goetze Ag, 5093 Burscheid Model for making casting molds

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1917893U (en) * 1965-02-13 1965-06-16 Gruenzweig & Hartmann LOST LOOSE ITEM, IN PARTICULAR SPHERICAL SPEISER MODEL MADE OF FOAMED PLASTIC.
US3842899A (en) * 1971-04-13 1974-10-22 Gruenzweig & Hartmann Apparatus for carrying out full-form casting process

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3561289D1 (en) 1988-02-11
US4694879A (en) 1987-09-22
WO1985004826A1 (en) 1985-11-07
DE3415232A1 (en) 1985-10-31
DE3415232C2 (en) 1986-04-10
JPS61501901A (en) 1986-09-04
EP0179100A1 (en) 1986-04-30

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