EP0178733A2 - Dispositif pour prédéterminer le temps d'un arc électrique dans un interrupteur à vide, à courant continu et à tension basse-moyenne - Google Patents

Dispositif pour prédéterminer le temps d'un arc électrique dans un interrupteur à vide, à courant continu et à tension basse-moyenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0178733A2
EP0178733A2 EP85201662A EP85201662A EP0178733A2 EP 0178733 A2 EP0178733 A2 EP 0178733A2 EP 85201662 A EP85201662 A EP 85201662A EP 85201662 A EP85201662 A EP 85201662A EP 0178733 A2 EP0178733 A2 EP 0178733A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
optical
instant
mobile
capacitor bank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85201662A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0178733A3 (fr
Inventor
Franco Cornago
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB SACE SpA
Original Assignee
SACE SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SACE SpA filed Critical SACE SpA
Publication of EP0178733A2 publication Critical patent/EP0178733A2/fr
Publication of EP0178733A3 publication Critical patent/EP0178733A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
    • H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for interrupting dc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches

Definitions

  • This invention relates to electrical vacuum switches of the type especially for direct current, low-medium voltage circuits, and specifically relates to a device for predetermining the arcing time during the opening of-such switches.
  • an arc is known to form between the contacts in the opening stage, and lasts from the instant of effective contact separation to the instant the current passes through zero.
  • direct current is concerned, as in the case considered herein, in which in contrast to alternating current there are no periodic passages through zero, a short current pulse must be created across the switch pole ends which is of equal magnitude but of opposite sign to the load current passing through the switch.
  • an auxiliary circuit connected in parallel with the switch pole ends, this circuit containing in series a capacitor bank and a means for providing the enabling command for discharging the capacitors at the required instant, which means can be an ignitron.
  • the arcing time coincides practically with the time, of the order of milliseconds, between the instant of effective switch contact separation and the instant in which the ignitron is triggered, the time between the triggering of the ignitron and the discharge of the capacitor bank being negligible.
  • the switch contacts are opened by providing an electromechanical tripping device connected to the mobile switch contact and comprising an opening coil, the armature of which is connected to said mobile contact by way of a lever system. From the instant in which current is fed to this opening coil to the instant in which the mobile contact effectively separates from the fixed switch contact, a certain time elapses which in practice cannot be predetermined accurately because of the tolerances and play in the mechanical part which causes the opening. The contact opening time is therefore variable and cannot be exactly controlled during the electrical life of the switch.
  • the ignitron is triggered in order to discharge the capacitor bank and cause the current through the switch to pass through zero by means of a timer acting simultaneously with the current feed to the opening coil, to thus obtain a predetermined time between the instant in which current is fed to said coil and the instant in which the load current through the switch passes through zero, and thus the arcing time is not constant but depends on the variable contact opening time.
  • it is therefore impossible to control and accurately guarantee the arcing time.
  • the electrical life of a switch is closely related to the arcing time. The longer the arcing time, the shorter the electrical life of the switch. It is therefore extremely important to be able to control the arcing time and predetermine it with maximum precision.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device for predetermining the arcing time for application to a direct current, low-medium voltage vacuum switch, which makes it possible to control this arcing time with maximum precision, thus increasing the electrical life of the switch.
  • a further object of the invention is to create a device of this kind which can be easily fitted, even to live parts of the switch, while ensuring excellent insulation.
  • the invention therefore proposes a device for predetermining the arcing time in a direct current, low-medium voltage vacuum switch provided with an electromechanical tripping device for its closure and opening and with an auxiliary circuit connected across the ends of the switch pole and comprising, in series, a capacitor bank and an actuatable enabling means for the discharge of this capacitor bank, the device being characterised by comprising an optical sensor associated with the mobile contact rod external to the evacuated switch bulb and arranged to emit, at the instant of separation of the switch contacts, a signal to a delay circuit which after a predetermined delay activates said enabling means for the discharge of the capacitor bank.
  • the optical sensor is of the optical fibre type and comprises two optical fibre cables connected respectively to a transmitter (light source) and to a receiver (photoelectric cell), the two respective free ends of these optical fibre cables opposing each other axially a certain distance apart, a light-impermeable appendix rigid with the switch mobile contact rod being mobile in the space between said opposing ends, said appendix comprising a slot which allows light to pass from the end of the optical fibre cable connected to the transmitter to the end of the optical fibre cable connected to the receiver only at the instant in which the mobile switch contact separates from the fixed contact.
  • the opposing ends ofthe two optical fibre cables are retained in suitable seats provided in a block which comprises a slot in which the appendix rigid with the mobile contact rod moves, and which is adjustable relative to a support rigid with the fixed part of the switch. In this manner it is possible to adjust the position of the optical fibre cables relative to the position assumed by the mobile switch contact at the instant in which it separates from the fixed contact.
  • a low-medium voltage vacuum switch A is connected into a direct current circuit for feeding a load B, this circuit being traversed by a load current I when the switch A is closed.
  • an auxiliary circuit comprising in series a capacitor bank C and a controllable enabling means for the discharge of the capacitor bank C, this means consisting of an ignitron D in the case considered.
  • the switch A is provided in known manner with an electromagnetic tripping device, diagrammatically indicated by E in Figure 3, with a lever system F acting on the rod 10 of the switch mobile contact 11, said mobile contact 11 together with the fixed contact 12 being surrounded by a casing 13 which is under vacuum.
  • An opening coil and a closing coil forming part of the tripping device E can act on the lever system F in known manner.
  • the curve a in Figure 2 is a plot of the current in the switch opening coil against time
  • the curve b shows the instant in which the switch mobile contact separates from the fixed contact
  • the curve c shows the instant in which the ignitron D is triggered
  • the curve d is a plot of load current I against time for the circuit into which the switch is connected
  • the curve E shows the discharge current pulse I of the condenser bank
  • the curve f is a plot of the voltage across the ends of the switch pole against time.
  • This is an optical-fibre sensor comprising two optical-fibre cables 14 and 15, the free ends of which are retained in respective seats provided in a U-shaped block 16 in such a manner that said free ends of the cables 14 and 15 are coaxial and oppose each other at a certain distance apart in correspondence with a slot 17 provided in the block.
  • the appendix 18 comprises a slot 20 which by the movement of the appendix can be moved into a position in which it intersects the common axis of the opposing ends of the optical-fibre cables 14 and 15, thus allowing light to pass from the end of one of said cables to the end of the other.
  • the arrangement is such that the slot 20 reaches said position exactly in the instant in which the mobile contact 11 of the switch A separates from the fixed contact 12.
  • the block 16 is mounted on a support 21 rigid with the fixed part of the switch A in such a manner as to allow it to be adjusted in a direction parallel to the direction of movement of the rod 10 of the mobile contact 11.
  • the support 21 has a part 21a which penetrates between the two arms of the U block 16, and in this part 21a there is provided a guide slot 22 with its axis parallel to the axis of the rod 10, said slot 22 being traversed by two bolts 23, 24 screwed into the arms of the block 16 and arranged to lock this latter in the correct position on the support 21.
  • the optical-fibre sensor is thus able to emit a signal exactly in the instant in which the switch contacts separate during the opening stage.
  • the optical-fibre cable 14 runs from a transmitter (light source) 25, whereas the optical-fibre cable 15 runs to a receiver (photoelectric cell) 26. Consequently when the slot 20 of the appendix 18 rigid with the rod 10 of the mobile switch contact 11 is in the position in which light from the optical-fibre cable 14 can pass to the optical-fibre cable 15, a signal is generated in the receiver 26 and fed to a delay and pulse formation circuit indicated by the block 27, which after a predetermined time emits a triggering pulse for the ignitron D, to cause discharge of the capacitor bank C.
  • the delay circuit 27 predetermine with like precision the arcing time Y, which can be chosen for example at 5 m
  • This arcing time Y is constant during the electrical life of the switch and is independent of variable factors. This leads to an increase in the electrical life.
  • the transmitter 25, receiver 26 and delay circuit 27 can be combined into a single unit.
  • a mechanical delay device could be used instead of the electronic delay circuit.
  • optical-fibre sensor has the advantage of enabling it to be applied to live parts while ensuring excellent insulation.
  • Figure 2 shows values of the load current I passing through the circuit in which the switch A is connected (eg. 25 kA) and of the voltage U across the pole of the open switch (eg. 20 kV).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
EP85201662A 1984-10-16 1985-10-11 Dispositif pour prédéterminer le temps d'un arc électrique dans un interrupteur à vide, à courant continu et à tension basse-moyenne Withdrawn EP0178733A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT23166/84A IT1176978B (it) 1984-10-16 1984-10-16 Dispositivo per la predeterminazione della durata d'arco su interruttore sotto vuoto di bassa-media tensione per corrente continua
IT2316684 1984-10-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0178733A2 true EP0178733A2 (fr) 1986-04-23
EP0178733A3 EP0178733A3 (fr) 1987-10-07

Family

ID=11204465

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85201662A Withdrawn EP0178733A3 (fr) 1984-10-16 1985-10-11 Dispositif pour prédéterminer le temps d'un arc électrique dans un interrupteur à vide, à courant continu et à tension basse-moyenne

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0178733A3 (fr)
IT (1) IT1176978B (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3841592A1 (de) * 1987-12-11 1989-06-29 Hitachi Ltd Antriebsvorrichtung fuer einen gleichstromschalter
EP0556616A1 (fr) * 1992-02-20 1993-08-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Arrangement d'interrupteur de courant continu du type à commutation
DE4447391C1 (de) * 1994-12-23 1996-06-05 Siemens Ag Vakuumschalter
EP1742241A3 (fr) * 2005-07-07 2008-03-12 Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft GmbH Engin marin avec un circuit à courant continu comportant un interrupteur à vide
WO2013060359A1 (fr) * 2011-10-25 2013-05-02 Abb Technology Ag Disjoncteur à courant continu et système d'alimentation électrique comprenant ledit disjoncteur
EP2995966A1 (fr) 2014-09-09 2016-03-16 ABB Technology AG Procédé et dispositif de surveillance en ligne de disjoncteur haute tension

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3390305A (en) * 1965-12-14 1968-06-25 Gen Electric Circuit interrupting means for a high voltage d-c circuit
US3557382A (en) * 1968-12-23 1971-01-19 Gen Electric Control at substantially line potential for a high voltage d-c circuit breaker
DE2107992B2 (de) * 1971-02-19 1975-02-27 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Ag, 5000 Koeln Stellungsanzeiger für gegeneinander bewegliche Konstruktionselemente
DE2608264A1 (de) * 1975-04-22 1976-11-04 Elektro App Werke Veb Schaltanordnung fuer den einsatz von niederspannungs-wechselstrom-vakuumschaltkammern zum schalten von gleichstromkreisen
DE3337553A1 (de) * 1982-10-25 1984-04-26 ASEA AB, 72183 Västerås Anordnung zur ueberwachung des kontaktabbrandes in einem elektrischen geraet

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3390305A (en) * 1965-12-14 1968-06-25 Gen Electric Circuit interrupting means for a high voltage d-c circuit
US3557382A (en) * 1968-12-23 1971-01-19 Gen Electric Control at substantially line potential for a high voltage d-c circuit breaker
DE2107992B2 (de) * 1971-02-19 1975-02-27 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk Ag, 5000 Koeln Stellungsanzeiger für gegeneinander bewegliche Konstruktionselemente
DE2608264A1 (de) * 1975-04-22 1976-11-04 Elektro App Werke Veb Schaltanordnung fuer den einsatz von niederspannungs-wechselstrom-vakuumschaltkammern zum schalten von gleichstromkreisen
DE3337553A1 (de) * 1982-10-25 1984-04-26 ASEA AB, 72183 Västerås Anordnung zur ueberwachung des kontaktabbrandes in einem elektrischen geraet

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3841592A1 (de) * 1987-12-11 1989-06-29 Hitachi Ltd Antriebsvorrichtung fuer einen gleichstromschalter
EP0556616A1 (fr) * 1992-02-20 1993-08-25 Hitachi, Ltd. Arrangement d'interrupteur de courant continu du type à commutation
US5402297A (en) * 1992-02-20 1995-03-28 Hitachi, Ltd. Commutating type DC circuit breaker arrangement
DE4447391C1 (de) * 1994-12-23 1996-06-05 Siemens Ag Vakuumschalter
EP1742241A3 (fr) * 2005-07-07 2008-03-12 Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft GmbH Engin marin avec un circuit à courant continu comportant un interrupteur à vide
WO2013060359A1 (fr) * 2011-10-25 2013-05-02 Abb Technology Ag Disjoncteur à courant continu et système d'alimentation électrique comprenant ledit disjoncteur
US9013853B2 (en) 2011-10-25 2015-04-21 Abb Technology Ag Direct current breaker and electrical power system comprising such direct current breaker
EP2995966A1 (fr) 2014-09-09 2016-03-16 ABB Technology AG Procédé et dispositif de surveillance en ligne de disjoncteur haute tension

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1176978B (it) 1987-08-26
EP0178733A3 (fr) 1987-10-07
IT8423166A0 (it) 1984-10-16

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