EP0176848A2 - Non-woven fabric - Google Patents
Non-woven fabric Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0176848A2 EP0176848A2 EP85111673A EP85111673A EP0176848A2 EP 0176848 A2 EP0176848 A2 EP 0176848A2 EP 85111673 A EP85111673 A EP 85111673A EP 85111673 A EP85111673 A EP 85111673A EP 0176848 A2 EP0176848 A2 EP 0176848A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- solid particles
- binder
- nonwoven
- nonwoven fabric
- fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/12—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with filaments or yarns secured together by chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents, e.g. adhesives, applied or incorporated in liquid or solid form
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H3/011—Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H5/04—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by applying or incorporating chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents in solid or liquid form
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
- Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric which consists predominantly of synthetic fibers and is provided with a layer of inert fibrous solid particles, and which is suitable for use as a carrier web in roofing membranes which are resistant to flying flames and radiant heat.
- roofing sheets are usually coated on one or both sides with bitumen, but can also have a coating of elastomers or plastomers.
- laminates such as those e.g. are described in DE-PS 28 27 136, used as a carrier web.
- a laminate of a synthetic fiber fleece and a mineral fiber fleece from DE-GM 77 39 489 is known as a carrier web for roofing membranes.
- the two non-woven layers made of synthetic and mineral fiber material are bonded to one another there by binding or gluing.
- Thermoplastic and crosslinking thermosets are used for this.
- Such carrier sheets lead to roofing and sealing sheets with sufficiently high processing stability Bituminizing and laying. Their dimensional stability even allows single-layer installation on the roof. The fire behavior of these roofing membranes according to DIN 4102 / Part 7 is significantly improved by the mineral fiber layer.
- the coating compound e-at the processing temperatures of the B and the roofing membrane behaves even inert, however, forms a substantially closed, preferably foam-like layer at higher temperatures.
- nonwoven fabric according to the invention. Surprisingly, it was found that the fire behavior of nonwovens made from fibers or filaments consolidated with a binder or from roofing membranes produced therefrom is significantly improved if the nonwoven contains a layer of inert fibrous solid particles distributed in the binder.
- Inert means that the solid particles are resistant to the attack of heat and fire, i.e. are not or hardly inflammable.
- Fibrous solid particles are to be understood as those whose spatial extent is at least one dimension large compared to the effective opening width of the fleece layer, as described for geotextiles in volume 56 (1983) of the communications of the Franzius Institute for Hydraulic and Coastal Engineering at the University of Hanover , Page 379 to 381 is defined.
- fibrous solid particles examples include mineral fibers, in particular so-called short-cut fibers, such as are used for the production of wet nonwovens, and by cutting or grinding mineral wool, glass fibers or ceramic Fibers are made. These mineral fibers usually have diameters between 5 and 50 ⁇ m, their length can be between 50 ⁇ m and 18 mm. In practice, however, the upper limit of the longitudinal expansion of the fibrous solid particles is determined by their dispersibility in the dissolved or emulsified binder.
- shaped structures made of inert materials can also be used as fibrous solid particles, provided that their spatial extent in at least one dimension is large compared to the effective opening width of the nonwoven layer and insofar as they can be dispersed in the binder.
- flameproofed cellulose fibers or other fibers can also be used as inert fibrous solid particles, which impart non-flammable properties to the nonwoven fabric according to the invention which are not exhibited by single-material nonwovens, e.g. Coloring or dyeability, better adhesion to coatings, hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, electrical conductivity or antistatic effects (metal fibers), or different shrinkage properties to create curling effects. .
- Binders are often used in the form of aqueous dispersions or aqueous solutions for the consolidation of nonwovens.
- Known binders in the form of aqueous dispersions are homopolymers, copolymers or terpolymers made from acrylic acid esters, acrylic acid amides, acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene.
- binders are particularly suitable for the production of the nonwoven fabric according to the invention Basis of water-soluble urea-formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde condensates or water-dispersed polymers of vinylidene chloride and vinyl chloride, which are used alone or in a mixture.
- the binders can be made according to various, e.g. described in "Vliesstoff", G. Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York, edited by J. Lünenschand and W. Albrecht 1982, pages 177 to 199.
- the most common method is padding in a trough followed by a pair of squeeze rollers. Water is removed from the binder by the action of heat and the binder-filament bond is formed.
- the nonwoven fabric to be consolidated with these binders can consist of fibers or filaments made from the known synthetic polymers.
- the inert fibrous solid particles are preferably added to the aqueous binder liquor and kept in suspension by stirring. Sedimentation of the solid particles can also be done by adding a thickener, e.g. based on soluble cellulose derivatives.
- the binder with the inert fibrous solid particles dispersed therein is applied from one side to the nonwoven made of fibers or filaments made of synthetic Polymers applied.
- a layer-like accumulation of the inert fibrous solid particles first forms, which during the subsequent evaporation of the water introduced into the nonwoven with the aqueous binder suspension and the hardening of the binder is firmly embedded in this binder together with the solidified nonwoven made of fibers or filaments forms the nonwoven according to the invention.
- the size restriction of the inert fibrous solid particles to those with a spatial extent in at least one dimension that is large compared to the effective opening width of the nonwoven layer is crucial, since this largely prevents penetration into the underlying nonwoven layer.
- the proportion of inert fibrous solid particles in the nonwoven fabric according to the invention can be between 30 and 200 g / m 2 , that of the other fibers and filaments can be 50 to 350 g / m 2 .
- the proportion of the inert fibrous solid particles in the total weight of the nonwoven according to the invention should be between 10 and 50%, preferably between 20 and 30%.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Ein Vliesstoff aus mit einem Bindemittel verfestigten Fasern oder Filamenten, der für den Einsatz als Trägerbahn in Dachbahnen geeignet ist, die gegen Flugfeuer und strahlende Wärme beständig sind, wird erhalten durch Aufbringen von gegen den Angriff von Hitze und Feuer beständigen Feststoffteilchen, deren räumliche Ausdehnung mindestens in einer Dimension groß ist gegenüber der wirksamen Öffnungsweite der Vliesschicht, zusammen mit dem Bindemittel. Durch dieses Größenverhältnis wird eine Schichtbildung der Feststoffteilchen auf den Vlies gewährleistet, wobei sich eine mit dem Vlies aus Fasern oder Filamenten festverbundene Schlicht ausbildet.A nonwoven fabric made of fibers or filaments consolidated with a binder, which is suitable for use as a carrier sheet in roofing membranes that are resistant to flying flames and radiant heat, is obtained by applying solid particles that are resistant to the attack of heat and fire, the spatial expansion of which is at least is one dimension large compared to the effective opening width of the nonwoven layer, together with the binder. This size ratio ensures that the solid particles form a layer on the nonwoven, a size firmly bonded to the nonwoven made of fibers or filaments being formed.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Vliesstoff, der überwiegend aus synthetischen Fasern besteht und mit einer Schicht aus inerten fasrigen Feststoffteilchen versehen ist,und der für den Einsatz als Trägerbahn in Dachbahnen geeignet ist, die gegen Flugfeuer und strahlende Wärme beständig sind. Solche Dachbahnen sind meist ein- oder beidseitig mit Bitumen beschichtet, können aber auch eine Beschichtung aus Elastomeren oder Plastomeren aufweisen.The present invention relates to a nonwoven fabric which consists predominantly of synthetic fibers and is provided with a layer of inert fibrous solid particles, and which is suitable for use as a carrier web in roofing membranes which are resistant to flying flames and radiant heat. Such roofing sheets are usually coated on one or both sides with bitumen, but can also have a coating of elastomers or plastomers.
Zur Verbesserung des Brandverhaltens derartiger Dachbahnen nach DIN 4102/Teil 7 werden häufig Schichtstoffe, wie sie z.B. in der DE-PS 28 27 136 beschrieben sind, als Trägerbahn eingesetzt.To improve the fire behavior of such roofing membranes in accordance with DIN 4102 / Part 7, laminates such as those e.g. are described in DE-PS 28 27 136, used as a carrier web.
Aus der DE-OS 32 26 041 ist es bekannt, auf ein loses, d.h. unverfestigtes, Mineralfaservlies eine dünne Schicht von ebenfalls losen Kunstoffasern aufzubringen und diesen Schichtstoff durch Nadeln zu verfestigen. Durch eine Hitzebehandlung ist es möglich, die Kunststofffasern mit den Mineralfasern zu verschmelzen. Durch dieses Verschmelzen werden formstabile Mineralfaserblankets erhalten.From DE-OS 32 26 041 it is known to refer to a loose, i.e. unconsolidated, mineral fiber fleece to apply a thin layer of also loose plastic fibers and to consolidate this laminate with needles. A heat treatment makes it possible to fuse the plastic fibers with the mineral fibers. This fusing results in stable mineral fiber blanks.
Als Trägerbahn für Dachbahnen ist ein Schichtstoff aus einem Synthesefaservlies und einem Mineralfaservlies aus dem DE-GM 77 39 489 bekannt. Die beiden Vliesschichten aus synthetischem und mineralischem Fasermaterial sind dort durch Binden oder Kleben miteinander verbunden. Verwendet werden hierzu thermoplastische und vernetzende Duromere.A laminate of a synthetic fiber fleece and a mineral fiber fleece from DE-GM 77 39 489 is known as a carrier web for roofing membranes. The two non-woven layers made of synthetic and mineral fiber material are bonded to one another there by binding or gluing. Thermoplastic and crosslinking thermosets are used for this.
Solche Trägerbahnen führen zu Dach- und Dichtungsbahnen mit hinreichend hoher Verarbeitungsstabilität beim Bituminieren und bei der Verlegung. Ihre Dimensionsstabilität erlaubt sogar einlagige Verlegung auf dem Dach. Das Brandverhalten dieser Dachbahnen nach DIN 4102/Teil 7, ist durch die Mineralfaserschicht deutlich verbessert.Such carrier sheets lead to roofing and sealing sheets with sufficiently high processing stability Bituminizing and laying. Their dimensional stability even allows single-layer installation on the roof. The fire behavior of these roofing membranes according to DIN 4102 / Part 7 is significantly improved by the mineral fiber layer.
Trägerbahnen aus Mischvliesen aus mineralischen und synthetischen Fasern, wie sie in DE-GM 77 23 547 beschrieben sind, ergeben dagegen keine ausreichende Verbesserung des Brandverhaltens.Carrier webs made of mixed nonwovens made of mineral and synthetic fibers, as described in DE-GM 77 23 547, however, do not result in a sufficient improvement in fire behavior.
Es ist weiterhin vorgeschlagen worden, Vliesstoffe aus flammhemmenden Faserrohstoffen herzustellen. Der Einsatz derartiger Faser- bzw. Fädenrohstoffe bei der Herstellung der benötigten Vliese führte jedoch nicht zu dem erwünschten vollen Erfolg. Ein Ausbreiten des Brandes in unteren Schichten einer Dachabdeckung konnte so nicht verhindert werden. Auch flammhemmende Zusätze zur Bitumenmasse bzw. zur Polymermasse zeigten keinen Erfolg. Die flammhemmenden Zusätze fließen in einem Brandfall mit dem Bitumen davon, so daß der zurückbleibende Vliesstoff und die unteren Schichten nicht mehr durch diese Zusätze geschützt werden.It has also been proposed to produce nonwovens from flame-retardant fiber raw materials. However, the use of such fiber or thread raw materials in the production of the required nonwovens did not lead to the desired full success. A spread of fire in the lower layers of a roof covering could not be prevented. Flame retardant additives to the bitumen mass or to the polymer mass were also unsuccessful. In the event of a fire, the flame retardant additives flow away with the bitumen, so that the nonwoven fabric that remains and the lower layers are no longer protected by these additives.
Ferner wurde vorgeschlagen, den Vliesstoff mit einer an sich bekannten flammhemmenden Ausrüstung zu versehen, die bei den Verarbeitungstemperaturen der Be-schichtungsmasse und der Dachbahn sich noch inert verhält, bei höheren Temperaturen jedoch eine weitgehend geschlossene, vorzugsweise schaumartige Schicht ausbildet.It has also been proposed to provide the nonwoven fabric with a per se known flame-retardant finishing, the coating compound e-at the processing temperatures of the B and the roofing membrane behaves even inert, however, forms a substantially closed, preferably foam-like layer at higher temperatures.
Soweit die bekannten Trägerbahnen aus zwei weitgehend fertig hergestellten Vliesschichten bestehen, die dann nachträglich durch verschiedene Techniken miteinander verbunden werden, bleibt nahezu unvermeidlich eine gewisse Neigung zur Delaminierung unter extremen mechanischen und/oder thermischen Bedingungen.As far as the known carrier webs consist of two largely finished nonwoven layers that then subsequently connected to one another using various techniques, there is almost inevitably a certain tendency towards delamination under extreme mechanical and / or thermal conditions.
Außerdem sind sie, obwohl sie eine Verbesserung des Brandverhaltens zeigen, in ihrer Herstellung aus zwei Schichten aufwendig.In addition, although they show an improvement in fire behavior, they are expensive to manufacture from two layers.
Diese Nachteile werden durch den erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoff überwunden. Überraschenderweise wurde gefunden, daß das Brandverhalten von Vliesstoffen aus mit einem Bindemittel verfestigten Fasern oder Filamenten bzw. von daraus hergestellten Dachbahnen deutlich verbessert wird, wenn der Vliesstoff eine Schicht im Bindemittel verteilter inerter fasriger Feststoffteilchen enthält.These disadvantages are overcome by the nonwoven fabric according to the invention. Surprisingly, it was found that the fire behavior of nonwovens made from fibers or filaments consolidated with a binder or from roofing membranes produced therefrom is significantly improved if the nonwoven contains a layer of inert fibrous solid particles distributed in the binder.
Inert bedeutet, daß die Feststoffteilchen gegen den Angriff von Hitze und Feuer beständig, d.h. nicht oder nur schwer entflammbar sind.Inert means that the solid particles are resistant to the attack of heat and fire, i.e. are not or hardly inflammable.
Unter fasrigen Feststoffteilchen sind solche zu verstehen, deren räumliche Ausdehnung mindestens in einer Dimension groß ist gegenüber der wirksamen öffnungsweite der Vliesschicht, wie sie für Geotextilien in Heft 56 (1983) der Mitteilungen des Franzius-Instituts für Wasserbau-und Küsten-Ingenieurwesen der Universität Hannover, Seite 379 bis 381 definiert wird.Fibrous solid particles are to be understood as those whose spatial extent is at least one dimension large compared to the effective opening width of the fleece layer, as described for geotextiles in volume 56 (1983) of the communications of the Franzius Institute for Hydraulic and Coastal Engineering at the University of Hanover , Page 379 to 381 is defined.
Beispiele für derartige fasrige Feststoffteilchen sind mineralische Fasern, insbesondere sogenannte Kurzschnittfasern, wie sie zur Herstellung von Naßvliesen verwendet werden und die durch Schneiden oder durch Mahlen von Mineralwollen, Glasfasern oder keramischen Fasern hergestellt werden. Diese mineralischen Fasern weisen meist Durchmesser zwischen 5 und 50 µm auf, ihre Länge kann zwischen 50 µm und 18 mm liegen. In der Praxis wird jedoch die Obergrenze der Längsausdehnung der fasrigen Feststoffteilchen durch ihre Dispergierbarkeit im gelösten oder emulgierten Bindemittel festgelegt.Examples of such fibrous solid particles are mineral fibers, in particular so-called short-cut fibers, such as are used for the production of wet nonwovens, and by cutting or grinding mineral wool, glass fibers or ceramic Fibers are made. These mineral fibers usually have diameters between 5 and 50 µm, their length can be between 50 µm and 18 mm. In practice, however, the upper limit of the longitudinal expansion of the fibrous solid particles is determined by their dispersibility in the dissolved or emulsified binder.
Als fasrige Feststoffteilchen können jedoch auch andere geformte Gebilde aus inerten Materialien verwendet werden, soweit ihre räumliche Ausdehnung in mindestens einer Dimension groß ist gegenüber der wirksamen öffnungsweite der Vliesschicht und soweit sie sich im Bindemittel dispergieren lassen.However, other shaped structures made of inert materials can also be used as fibrous solid particles, provided that their spatial extent in at least one dimension is large compared to the effective opening width of the nonwoven layer and insofar as they can be dispersed in the binder.
Anstelle mineralischer Fasern können als inerte fasrige Feststoffteilchen auch flammfest ausgerüstete Zellulosefasern oder andere Fasern benutzt werden, die dem erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoff über den Flammschutz hinaus weitere Eigenschaften vermitteln, wie sie Einstoff-Vliese nicht aufweisen, also z.B. Farbgebung oder Färbbarkeit, bessere Haftvermittlung zu Beschichtungen, Hydrophilie oder Hydrophobie, elektrische Leitfähigkeit oder antistatische Wirkungen (Metallfasern),oder unterschiedliche Schrumpfvermögen zum Schaffen von Kräuseleffekten. .Instead of mineral fibers, flameproofed cellulose fibers or other fibers can also be used as inert fibrous solid particles, which impart non-flammable properties to the nonwoven fabric according to the invention which are not exhibited by single-material nonwovens, e.g. Coloring or dyeability, better adhesion to coatings, hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity, electrical conductivity or antistatic effects (metal fibers), or different shrinkage properties to create curling effects. .
Für die Verfestigung von Vliesstoffen werden Bindemittel häufig in Form wässriger Dispersionen oder wässriger Lösungen verwendet. Bekannte Bindemittel in Form wässriger Dispersionen sind Homo-, Co- oder Terpolymerisate aus Acrylsäureestern, Acrylsäureamiden, Acrylnitril, Butadien und Styrol.Binders are often used in the form of aqueous dispersions or aqueous solutions for the consolidation of nonwovens. Known binders in the form of aqueous dispersions are homopolymers, copolymers or terpolymers made from acrylic acid esters, acrylic acid amides, acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene.
Besonders geeignet für die Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoffes sind aber Bindemittel auf Basis von wasserlöslichen Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-, Melamin-Formaldehyd-, Phenol-Formaldehyd-Kondensaten oder in Wasser dispergierte Polymerisate von Vinylidenchlorid und Vinylchlorid, die allein oder im Gemisch angewendet werden.However, binders are particularly suitable for the production of the nonwoven fabric according to the invention Basis of water-soluble urea-formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde condensates or water-dispersed polymers of vinylidene chloride and vinyl chloride, which are used alone or in a mixture.
Die Bindemittel können nach verschiedenen, z.B. in "Vliesstoff", G. Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York, herausgegeben von J. Lünenschloß und W. Albrecht 1982, Seite 177 bis 199, beschriebenen Verfahren appliziert werden. Gängigstes Verfahren ist die Foulardierung in einem Trog mit nachfolgendem Quetschwalzenpaar. Durch Einwirkung von Wärme wird dem Bindemittel Wasser entzogen und die Bindemittel-Filament-Bindung gebildet.The binders can be made according to various, e.g. described in "Vliesstoff", G. Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York, edited by J. Lünenschloß and W. Albrecht 1982, pages 177 to 199. The most common method is padding in a trough followed by a pair of squeeze rollers. Water is removed from the binder by the action of heat and the binder-filament bond is formed.
Der mit diesen Bindemitteln zu verfestigende Vliesstoff kann aus Fasern oder Filamenten aus den bekannten synthetischen Polymeren bestehen. Bevorzugt ist jedoch ein Vliesstoff aus genadelten Filamenten aus Polyester, vorzugsweise Polyethylenterephthalat, der nach dem bekannten spunbond-Verfahren, d.h. durch Ablegen der frischgesponnenen Polyesterfilamente zu einem Vlies, gebildet wurde.The nonwoven fabric to be consolidated with these binders can consist of fibers or filaments made from the known synthetic polymers. However, preferred is a nonwoven fabric made of needled filaments made of polyester, preferably polyethylene terephthalate, which by the known spunbond process, i.e. by laying down the freshly spun polyester filaments into a nonwoven.
Die inerte fasrigen Feststoffteilchen werden bevorzugt der wässrigen Bindemittelflotte zugesetzt und durch Rühren in der Schwebe gehalten. Das Absetzen der Feststoffteilchen kann aber auch durch Zugabe eines Verdickungsmittels, z.B. auf Basis löslicher Zellulosederivate, verhindert werden.The inert fibrous solid particles are preferably added to the aqueous binder liquor and kept in suspension by stirring. Sedimentation of the solid particles can also be done by adding a thickener, e.g. based on soluble cellulose derivatives.
Zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoff wird das Bindemittel mit den darin dispergierten inerten fasrigen Feststoffteilchen von einer Seite auf das Vlies aus Fasern oder Filamenten aus synthetischen Polymeren aufgebracht.To produce the nonwoven fabric according to the invention, the binder with the inert fibrous solid particles dispersed therein is applied from one side to the nonwoven made of fibers or filaments made of synthetic Polymers applied.
Es ist jedoch ebenso möglich, dieses Vlies aus Fasern oder Filamenten aus den bekannten synthetischen Polymeren mit dem Bindemittel zu tränken und dann die inerten fasrigen Feststoffteilchen aufzubringen.However, it is also possible to impregnate this fleece of fibers or filaments from the known synthetic polymers with the binder and then to apply the inert fibrous solid particles.
Auf dem Vlies aus Fasern oder Filamenten bildet sich dabei zuerst eine schichtartige Ansammlung der inerten fasrigen Feststoffteilchen, die bei der anschließenden Verdampfung des mit der wässrigen Bindemittelsuspension in das Vlies eingebrachten Wassers und die Aushärtung des Bindemittels fest in dieses Bindemittel eingelagert mit dem verfestigten Vlies aus Fasern oder Filamenten den erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoff bildet.On the nonwoven made of fibers or filaments, a layer-like accumulation of the inert fibrous solid particles first forms, which during the subsequent evaporation of the water introduced into the nonwoven with the aqueous binder suspension and the hardening of the binder is firmly embedded in this binder together with the solidified nonwoven made of fibers or filaments forms the nonwoven according to the invention.
Für die dabei eintretende Schichtbildung ist die Größeneinschränkung der inerten fasrigen Feststoffteilchen auf solche mit einer räumlichen Ausdehnung in mindestens einer Dimension, die groß ist gegenüber der wirksamen öffnungsweite der Vliesschicht entscheidend, da hierdurch ein Eindringen in die unterliegende Vliesschicht weitgehend vermieden wird.For the layer formation that occurs, the size restriction of the inert fibrous solid particles to those with a spatial extent in at least one dimension that is large compared to the effective opening width of the nonwoven layer is crucial, since this largely prevents penetration into the underlying nonwoven layer.
In dem erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoff kann der Anteil an inerten fasrigen Feststoffteilchen zwischen 30 und 200 g/m2 liegen, der der übrigen Fasern und Filamente kann 50 bis 350 g/m2 betragen. Der Anteil der inerten fasrigen Feststoffteilchen am Gesamtgewicht des erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoffes sollte zwischen 10 und 50 %, vorzugsweise zwischen 20 und 30 %,liegen.The proportion of inert fibrous solid particles in the nonwoven fabric according to the invention can be between 30 and 200 g / m 2 , that of the other fibers and filaments can be 50 to 350 g / m 2 . The proportion of the inert fibrous solid particles in the total weight of the nonwoven according to the invention should be between 10 and 50%, preferably between 20 and 30%.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19843435640 DE3435640A1 (en) | 1984-09-28 | 1984-09-28 | Nonwoven |
| DE3435640 | 1984-09-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0176848A2 true EP0176848A2 (en) | 1986-04-09 |
| EP0176848A3 EP0176848A3 (en) | 1989-04-26 |
Family
ID=6246604
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85111673A Withdrawn EP0176848A3 (en) | 1984-09-28 | 1985-09-16 | Non-woven fabric |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4657801A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0176848A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS6183383A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU4797485A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3435640A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI853680L (en) |
| NO (1) | NO853810L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA857468B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0379100A1 (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1990-07-25 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Flame-resistant carrier web for bitumen webs, and process for producing the same |
| WO1993007202A1 (en) * | 1991-10-07 | 1993-04-15 | Desmepol B.V. | Use of non-woven, needled fibrous mat material |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE9207367U1 (en) * | 1992-05-30 | 1992-09-10 | Johns Manville International, Inc., Denver, Col. | Laminate made of fleece and scrim |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2365650A1 (en) * | 1976-09-23 | 1978-04-21 | Rohm & Haas | Nonwoven textile material - with binder contg. an emulsion polymer and a reinforcing filler |
| FR2390530A1 (en) * | 1977-05-14 | 1978-12-08 | Hoechst Ag | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A NON-WOVEN IN POLYESTER FILAMENTS |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2827136C2 (en) * | 1978-06-21 | 1982-05-19 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Bituminized roofing membrane |
| DE3226041A1 (en) * | 1982-07-12 | 1984-01-12 | Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | METHOD FOR PRODUCING NEEDLE FIBER BLANKETS FROM MINERAL, IN PARTICULAR FIREPROOF, FIBER AND FIBER BLANKETS PRODUCED BY THE PROCESS |
-
1984
- 1984-09-28 DE DE19843435640 patent/DE3435640A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1985
- 1985-09-16 EP EP85111673A patent/EP0176848A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1985-09-25 FI FI853680A patent/FI853680L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1985-09-26 US US06/780,556 patent/US4657801A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-09-27 ZA ZA857468A patent/ZA857468B/en unknown
- 1985-09-27 JP JP60212734A patent/JPS6183383A/en active Pending
- 1985-09-27 NO NO853810A patent/NO853810L/en unknown
- 1985-09-27 AU AU47974/85A patent/AU4797485A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2365650A1 (en) * | 1976-09-23 | 1978-04-21 | Rohm & Haas | Nonwoven textile material - with binder contg. an emulsion polymer and a reinforcing filler |
| FR2390530A1 (en) * | 1977-05-14 | 1978-12-08 | Hoechst Ag | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A NON-WOVEN IN POLYESTER FILAMENTS |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0379100A1 (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1990-07-25 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Flame-resistant carrier web for bitumen webs, and process for producing the same |
| WO1993007202A1 (en) * | 1991-10-07 | 1993-04-15 | Desmepol B.V. | Use of non-woven, needled fibrous mat material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA857468B (en) | 1986-05-28 |
| JPS6183383A (en) | 1986-04-26 |
| DE3435640A1 (en) | 1986-04-10 |
| NO853810L (en) | 1986-04-01 |
| US4657801A (en) | 1987-04-14 |
| AU4797485A (en) | 1986-04-10 |
| FI853680L (en) | 1986-03-29 |
| EP0176848A3 (en) | 1989-04-26 |
| FI853680A0 (en) | 1985-09-25 |
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