EP0176235B1 - Schrämmaschine - Google Patents

Schrämmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0176235B1
EP0176235B1 EP85306000A EP85306000A EP0176235B1 EP 0176235 B1 EP0176235 B1 EP 0176235B1 EP 85306000 A EP85306000 A EP 85306000A EP 85306000 A EP85306000 A EP 85306000A EP 0176235 B1 EP0176235 B1 EP 0176235B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boom
collar
machine
valve
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85306000A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0176235A1 (de
Inventor
George Albert Parrott
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dosco Overseas Engineering Ltd
Original Assignee
Dosco Overseas Engineering Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dosco Overseas Engineering Ltd filed Critical Dosco Overseas Engineering Ltd
Priority to AT85306000T priority Critical patent/ATE37928T1/de
Publication of EP0176235A1 publication Critical patent/EP0176235A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0176235B1 publication Critical patent/EP0176235B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/22—Equipment for preventing the formation of, or for removal of, dust
    • E21C35/23—Distribution of spraying-fluids in rotating cutter-heads

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a mining machine of the kind adapted to drive underground roadways, tunnels or headings, commonly known as a roadheader machine.
  • such a machine comprises a self-propelled, crawler or wheel-mounted chassis carrying a displaceable boom, a terminal end of which is provided with a rotary cutting head, the latter being driven from a power unit carried by the chassis, via a transmission including a final drive shaft extending longitudinally of the boom and rotatably supported in bearings carried by a stationary, outer casing of the boom.
  • the boom is power-displaced e.g. hydraulically, by the machine operator so that the boom follows the profile required for the roadway etc.
  • the cutting heads being provided with replaceable cutter picks, they are also provided with a plurality of nozzles to emit a water spray or jet, while the nozzles may, in practice be mounted on the heads and/or on the picks.
  • the water spray or jet may be for purposes such as pre-start warning, dust suppression, pick face flushing, incendive sparking elimination and, at higher pressures, water jet assisted cutting. It will be appreciated however that only a certain sector of the periphery of the cutting head is in the cut at any one time and consequently, and if as is usually the case, water is emitted over 360° a substantial proportion of the water e.g. 50%, has no beneficial effect but represents a waste, not only of water, but of power consumed in generating the pressure (which, in the case of water jet assisted cutting, may be of the order of 2000 bar, 30,000 p.s.i.), apart from creating unnecessarily wet floor conditions. Attempts have been made to provide valving arrangements to achieve phased emission, but such systems have yet to be proved and are relatively complex to intal, maintain and adjust.
  • DE-A-3122323 discloses a roadheader type mining machine comprising a self-propelled chassis, an elongate boom having a longitudinal axis, the boom being supported by the chassis for powered positional adjustment with respect to the chassis, a terminal end of the boom provided with a rotary cutting head having a plurality of nozzles each to emit a water spray or jet, water conveying conduits connectable between the nozzles and a source of pressurised water, and on/off water flow control valve associated with each conduit, and valve actuation means, whereby periodic water supply to the nozzles, due to head rotation, within a selected angular sector is controllable by the valves.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a roadheader type mining machine in which the emission of water sprays or jets may be readily phased in a desired angularly extending sector by simple control of valving arrangements.
  • a roadheader type mining machine comprising a self-propelled chassis, an elongate boom having a longitudinal axis, the boom being supported by the chassis for powered positional adjustment with respect to the chassis, a terminal end of the boom provided with a rotary cutting head having a plurality of nozzles each to emit a water spray or jet, water conveying conduits connectable between the nozzles and a source of pressurised water and an on/off water flow control valve associated with each conduit, and valve actuation means whereby periodic water supply to the nozzles, due to head rotation, within a selected angular sector is controllable by the valves, characterised in that a collar surrounds at least a portion of the boom about an axis co-axial with the boom longitudinal axis, the collar being rotatable about this axis by power means 36 to a selected position, the collar carrying, and/or positionally controlling the valve actuation means, phased activation of which is controlled by positional adjustment of the collar to
  • the invention provides a roadheader type mining machine in which water phasing only to a selected angular sector (normally the cutting sector) of the cutting head, is readily attained simply by appropriate re-positioning of the collar, by rotation, from a previous angular position (appropriate to a previously selected sector) to a new, static, position that results in phased water emission over only the selected sector, thereby maximising the efficient use of water.
  • the head is attached to one end of a drive shaft extending longitudinally of the boom and rotatably supported in bearings carried by a stationary outer casing of the boom, the drive shaft forming part of a power transmission from a power unit of the chassis to the cutting head.
  • the power means to rotate the collar to its desired angular position with respect to non-rotational portions of the boom may for example be a hydraulic motor or an electric motor, and either type of motor may drive the collar through a gearbox, which may be of a speed reduction kind.
  • a gearbox which may be of a speed reduction kind.
  • journal bearings may be interposed between the collar and a portion of the outer casing of the boom, while for higher loadings/ pressures e.g. 2000 bar (30,000 p.s.i.), roller bearings may be provided.
  • Collar re-positioning (by rotation of collar about the boom axis), to result in sector selection variations, to suit positional variations of the boom and hence the cutting head, may be controlled by any of several alternative procedures.
  • collar rotation may be controlled directly by activation of hand controls by the machine operator, provided the machine operator has sight of the cutting head and/or the boom.
  • automatic collar rotational control may be effected by attaching transducers to the boom (to register directionally, load or stresses within the boom) and/or the cutting head and/or the cutting picks and/or the conventional hydraulic control circuitry of the boom (to register flow and/or pressure changes) to sense the sector of the head that is effecting cutting, the transducers being connected to electrical and/or hydraulic control circuitry to instigate collar rotation.
  • the transducers may be of a pressure sensing kind and/or a movement sensing kind.
  • the boom may be provided with a trailing arm or a link mechanism in contact with the cut, to sense the location of the cut and hence the sector of the cutting head that is effecting cutting, with collar rotation, to achieve its desired re-positioning, being controlled through suitable control circuitry by movements of the arm or link mechanism.
  • this program may be modified to control additionally collar positioning, as the sector in the cut is predetermined.
  • the valve actuating means preferably comprises an operating lever attached to each valve, the levers, in a first embodiment, being positionally controlled by a cam track of the collar.
  • the cam track may be machined into the collar, or releasably attached to the collar so as to be readily changeable when a change in the angles of the water emitting, or non-emitting, segments is required.
  • the cam track may be provided in or at an inwardly extending, annular flange of the collar located adjacent the cutting head.
  • valve operating levers are engageable by two angularly spaced-apart protrusions on the collar, in the form of lobes or pins, such that upon striking one protrusion, the valves are rotated to their "on” position, and upon striking the other protrusion are rotated to their "off” position.
  • the protrusions are preferably adjustable in position (e.g., by being screwed into selected tapped holes provided around a circumference of an end face of the collar adjacent the rotary cutting head) so that the water emitting segment may be readily increased or decreased to suit particular operating conditions.
  • Each valve may comprise a stationary valve body with a through bore aligned with its conduit, the valve body housing a rotatable valve member to which its operating lever is attached, which member also has a through bore which is alignable with the valve body bore to permit water flow, and is non-alignable to prevent water flow.
  • a 180° sector (the "cutting" sector) to be water emitting and the remaining 180° sector to be non-emitting.
  • water from a pressure supply source (e.g. at 70-700 bar, 1000-10,000 p.s.i. or higher), is conveyed along a supply conduit drilled along the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft, the supply conduit terminating within the cutting head and being intersected by a plurality of radial supply conduits, one for each nozzle or group of nozzles.
  • a pressure supply source e.g. at 70-700 bar, 1000-10,000 p.s.i. or higher
  • valves may be located in the radial supply conduits, so that as these conduits and hence their nozzle(s), upon rotation of the head, temporarily enter the "spraying" sector, the cam path changes, or the protrusions are being struck, displacing the operating levers and hence rotating the valve members to align the bores of the valve members to permit water delivery to the nozzle(s), while cessation of water delivery occurs as the conduits and their valves exit the "spraying" sector.
  • a roadheader type mining machine 1 is shown seated on a mine floor 2 over which the machine is manoeuvrable on crawler tracks 3 under the control of a machine operator, an operator's seat being indicated at 4 and a bank of control valves at 5.
  • the machine 1 comprises a chassis 6 provided with a spoil gathering/loading conveyor 7 and carrying one end 8 of an elongate boom 9 having a longitudinal axis 10, the boom 9 being mounted on a turn-table arrangement 11 for swinging movements about a vertical axis, and on pivot pins 12 for swinging movements about a horizontal axis, such movements being controlled in the known manner by hydraulic rams 11A.
  • a cutting head 14 rotatable about the boom axis 10 and provided with a plurality of replaceable cutter picks 15 as shown in Figure 3.
  • the chassis 6 also carries a power unit in the form of an electric motor (not shown) to power not only the cutting head 14 via a transmission which includes a final drive shaft 16 (see Figure 3) but also (a) hydraulic pump(s) for various hydraulic functions of the machine 1, including drive to the tracks 3.
  • a power unit in the form of an electric motor (not shown) to power not only the cutting head 14 via a transmission which includes a final drive shaft 16 (see Figure 3) but also (a) hydraulic pump(s) for various hydraulic functions of the machine 1, including drive to the tracks 3.
  • the-boom 9 comprises an outer casing 17 which carries spaced-apart bearings 18 for rotational support of the drive shaft 16, with the cutting head 14 drivably attached to, and supported from, the drive shaft 16 at a flanged joint 19.
  • a nozzle 20 for emitting a water spray or jet.
  • Water is conveyed to the nozzles 20 from a water pressurisation source e.g., a pump (not shown) along a plurality of conveying conduits comprising a supply conduit 21 drilled along the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft 16 and cutting head 14, which conduit 21 is in fluid flow communication with a plurality of radial conduits 22 drilled into the cutting head 14, which conduits 22 are in fluid flow communication with delivery conduits 23, which deliver water to the nozzles 20.
  • a valve 24 comprising a stationary valve body 25 mounted in a rearward end 26 of the cutting head 14, the valve body 25 having a through bore 27 permanently aligned with its conduit 22.
  • the valve body 25 also houses a rotatable valve member 28 having a through bore 29 which is alignable with the bore 27 to permit water flow, and non-alignable to prevent water flow.
  • an operating lever 30 having a roller or pin 31 located in a cam track 32 machined into an inwardly extending, annular flange 33 of a collar 34, which flange 33 is located adjacent the cutting head 14.
  • the collar 34 surrounds a portion of the outer casing 17 of the boom 9, and is rotatable about such casing on interposed journal bearings 35. Rotation is effected by an hydraulic or electric motor 36 attached to a flange 37 of the outer casing 17, and having a drive pinion 38 in drivable engagement with a toothed outer portion 39 of the collar 34.
  • the cam track 32 has an inner diameter sector 40 over which each bore 29 is aligned with its associated bore 27 to permit water flow, as indicated both in Figure 6 and at the lower valve 24 of Figure 3, so that a water spray 41 is emitted from each lower nozzle 20 of Figure 3.
  • the cam track 32 has an outer diameter sector 42 over which the bores 27 and 29 are not aligned to prevent water flow, as indicated both in Figure 7 and at the upper valve 24 of Figure 3.
  • the transition from sector 40 to sector 42 occurs at areas 43 and 44 of the cam track 32, at which areas the mode of each valve 24 is altered, as the valves 24 are rotated through areas 43 and 44 by rotation of the cutting head 14.
  • protrusions would likewise be located at areas 43 and 44, which areas result in the nozzles (20) spraying over approximately 180°, being the cutting sector.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Seasonings (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Schrämmaschine mit Selbstfahrchassis und einem am Chassis angelenkten, durch Kraftantrieb mit seiner Längsachse in Bezug auf das Chassis einstellbaren Ausleger, dessen äußerstes Ende mit einem umlaufenden Schrämkopf versehen ist, der mit einer Anzahl von Düsen zur Abgabe eines Wassernebels oder Wasserstrahls bestückt ist, wobei zwischen diesen Düsen und einer Druckwasserquelle Wasserkanäle vorgesehen und jedem Kanal ein Ein-Aus-Steuerventil zugeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in zumindest einen Teil des Auslegers (9) koaxial zu dessen Längsachse (10) umgebenden Kragen (34) vorgesehen ist, welcher um diese Achse durch einen Kraftantrieb (36) in eine ausgewählte Lage verdrehbar ist und welcher Ventilbetätigungen (30) trägt und/oder positionsmäßig steuert, deren abgestimmte Betätigung durch richtige Einstellung des Kragens zur passenden positionsmäßigen Einstellung der Ventilbetätigungen steuerbar ist.
2. Schrämmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schrämkopf (14) am einen Ende einer sich in Längsrichtung des Auslegers (9) erstreckenden und in Lagern (18) in einem feststehenden Außengehäuse (17) des Auslegers gelagerten Antriebswelle (16) befestigt ist, wobei die Antriebswelle ein Teil der Kraftübertragung von einem Kraftantrieb des Chassis zum Schrämkopf bildet.
3. Schrämmaschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kraftantrieb zur Verdrehung des Kragens (34) in seine gewünschte Winkelposition in Bezug auf nichtverdrehbare Teile des Auslegers (9) aus einem Hydraulik-motor oder einem Elektromotor (36) besteht.
4. Schrämmaschine nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rückstellung des Kragens (34) durch vom Maschinist betätigte Handsteuerungen (5) gesteuert wird.
5. Schrämmaschine nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rückstellung des Kragens (34) automatisch dadurch gesteuert wird, daß Meßgrößenumwandler am Ausleger (9) (zur richtungsabhänigigen Erfassung von Belastung der Spannungen im Ausleger), und/oder am Schrämkopf (14) und/ oder den Schrämmeißeln (15) und/oder dem herkömmlichen hydraulischen Steuerkreis des Auslegers (zur Erfassung von Veränderungen im Durchfluß und/oder Druck) angebracht sind, um den Sektor des Schrämkopfes zu erfassen, welcher gerade Schrämarbeit leistet, wobei die Meßgrößenumwandler mit einem elektrischen und/oder hydraulischen Steuerkreis verbunden sind, um die Drehung des Kragens in Gang zu setzen.
6. Schrämmaschine nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rückstellung des Kragens (34) durch einen Mikroprozessor an der Machine (1) bewirkt wird, welcher ein Musterprogramm zum Profilschrämen festhält, wobei dieses Programme derart abgewandelt ist, daß zusätzlich die Lageeinstellung des Kragens gesteuert wird, wenn der Schrämsektor vorbestimmt ist.
7. Schrämmaschine nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ventilbetätigung aus einem an jedem Ventil (24) befestigten Hebel (30) besteht und alle Hebel positionsmäßig durch eine Kurvenbahn (32) des Kragens (34) gesteuert werden.
8. Schrämmaschine nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kurvenbahn (32) in oder an einem einwärts weisenden Ringflansch (33) des Kragens (34) neben dem Schrämkopf (14) ausgebildet ist.
9. Schrämmaschine nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ventilbetätigung aus einem an jedem Ventil (24) befestigten Hebel (30) besteht und alle Hebel in ihrer Stellung durch Eingriff mit zwei winkelmäßig auseinanderliegenden Vorsprüngen am Kragen gesteuert werden.
10. Schrämmaschine nach Anspruch 7 und irgendeinen demselben zugeordneten Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Ventil (24) einen feststehenden Ventilkörper (25) mit einer mit der zugeordneten Leitung (22) fluchtenden Durchgangsbohrung besitzt, welcher ein verdrehbares Ventilglied (28) beherbergt, an welchem sein Betätigungshebel (30) befestigt ist, wobei das Ventilglied ebenfalls eine mit der Durchgangsbohrung des Ventilkörpers in Übereinstimmung bringbare Durchgangsbohrung (29) aufweist, um den Wasserdurchgang freizugeben, und welche zum Absperren des Wasserdurchgangs aus der genannten Übereinstimmung herausdrehbar ist.
11. Schrämmaschine nach irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Wasser von einer Druckspeisequelle (z.B. mit einem Druck von 70-700 bar) durch eine längs der Längsachse (10) der Antriebswelle (16) gebohrte Leitung (21) geleitet wird, welche innerhalb des Schrämkopfes (14) endet und dort von einer Anzahl von radial zu einer jedenDüse (20) oder zu einer Düsengruppe verlaufenden Speiseleitungen (22) geschnitten wird.
EP85306000A 1984-08-25 1985-08-23 Schrämmaschine Expired EP0176235B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85306000T ATE37928T1 (de) 1984-08-25 1985-08-23 Schraemmaschine.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB848421670A GB8421670D0 (en) 1984-08-25 1984-08-25 Mining machine
GB8421670 1984-08-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0176235A1 EP0176235A1 (de) 1986-04-02
EP0176235B1 true EP0176235B1 (de) 1988-10-12

Family

ID=10565884

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85306000A Expired EP0176235B1 (de) 1984-08-25 1985-08-23 Schrämmaschine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0176235B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE37928T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3565574D1 (de)
GB (1) GB8421670D0 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102162361A (zh) * 2010-11-26 2011-08-24 兰海宽 机械传动式硬岩双掘进头掘进机
WO2015000031A1 (en) * 2013-07-03 2015-01-08 Technological Resources Pty Ltd Dynamic scheduling of water filler

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8528917D0 (en) * 1985-11-23 1986-01-02 Minnovation Ltd Mining machine
GB8612968D0 (en) * 1986-05-28 1986-07-02 Presswell Eng Ltd Operating head
GB8716059D0 (en) * 1987-07-08 1987-08-12 Anderson Strathclyde Plc Mining machine
EP3656976B1 (de) * 2012-09-14 2023-11-22 Joy Global Underground Mining LLC Schneidkopf für bergbaumaschine
CN112943235B (zh) * 2021-04-12 2023-06-09 三一重型装备有限公司 一种喷雾水道结构及采煤机滚筒

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2256232A1 (de) * 1972-11-16 1974-05-22 Gewerk Eisenhuette Westfalia Beduesungsvorrichtung fuer untertaegige gewinnungsbetriebe
GB1481198A (en) * 1974-11-01 1977-07-27 Dresser Europe Sa Mining machine
DE2808915C2 (de) * 1978-03-02 1982-07-29 Gebr. Eickhoff, Maschinenfabrik U. Eisengiesserei Mbh, 4630 Bochum Walzenschrämmaschine für den Untertagebergbau
DE3009771C2 (de) * 1980-03-14 1983-12-08 Gebr. Eickhoff Maschinenfabrik U. Eisengiesserei Mbh, 4630 Bochum Schrämwalze für eine vorzugsweise im untertägigen Bergbau eingesetzte Gewinnungsmaschine
DE3122323A1 (de) * 1981-06-05 1982-12-23 Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia, 4670 Lünen Steuerung des druckwassers innenbeduester schneidwalzen
DE3144741A1 (de) * 1981-11-11 1983-05-19 Gewerkschaft Eisenhütte Westfalia, 4670 Lünen Steuerung des druckwassers innenbeduester schneidwalzen

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102162361A (zh) * 2010-11-26 2011-08-24 兰海宽 机械传动式硬岩双掘进头掘进机
CN102162361B (zh) * 2010-11-26 2013-09-25 兰海宽 机械传动式硬岩双掘进头掘进机
WO2015000031A1 (en) * 2013-07-03 2015-01-08 Technological Resources Pty Ltd Dynamic scheduling of water filler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8421670D0 (en) 1984-09-26
EP0176235A1 (de) 1986-04-02
ATE37928T1 (de) 1988-10-15
DE3565574D1 (en) 1988-11-17

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