EP0175937A2 - Metalldampflampe mit niedriger Zündspannung - Google Patents

Metalldampflampe mit niedriger Zündspannung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0175937A2
EP0175937A2 EP85110617A EP85110617A EP0175937A2 EP 0175937 A2 EP0175937 A2 EP 0175937A2 EP 85110617 A EP85110617 A EP 85110617A EP 85110617 A EP85110617 A EP 85110617A EP 0175937 A2 EP0175937 A2 EP 0175937A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
starting
metal vapor
arc tube
vapor lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85110617A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0175937A3 (de
Inventor
John A. Scholz
Elliot F. Wyner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram Sylvania Inc
Original Assignee
GTE Products Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GTE Products Corp filed Critical GTE Products Corp
Publication of EP0175937A2 publication Critical patent/EP0175937A2/de
Publication of EP0175937A3 publication Critical patent/EP0175937A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/54—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting
    • H01J61/541—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting using a bimetal switch
    • H01J61/544—Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting using a bimetal switch and an auxiliary electrode outside the vessel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/825—High-pressure sodium lamps

Definitions

  • This invention relates to metal vapor lamps and more particularly to a metal vapor lamp and apparatus for starting a metal vapor lamp from a low voltage source.
  • Metal vapor lamps frequently include an elongated alumina or quartz arc tube with an electrode positioned at each end thereof.
  • a metal fill such as mercury, sodium, cadmium, thallium or zinc and usually a rare gas such as Xenon at a pressure in the range of about 14-30 torr is provided within the arc tube.
  • the metal additive is heated to effect vaporization and provide the radiation species for the lamp.
  • This arc tube is sealed within an outer envelope which is, in turn, formed for connection to a voltage source by way of some form of ballast means-
  • a preferred form of metal vapor lamp is known as a high pressure-sodium lamp and include a mercury and sodium fill therein. Examples of known high pressure sodium lamps are set forth in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,445,073; 3,900,753 and 4.179.640.
  • High pressure sodium lamps have become commercially useful within the past few years because of their relatively high efficiency and improved color rendering as compared with the monochromatic yellow light associated with low pressure sodium lamps. These high pressure sodium lamps are distinguishable from the better known low pressure sodium lamps because of the increased operating pressure which may be anywhere from several to about 1000 millimeter Hg.
  • a major problem associated with high pressure sodium lamps is the difficulty of starting such lamps and more particularly the undesired need for a relatively high potential source in order to effect une desired starting.
  • One means often employed to overcome this undesired need for increased source potentials is the utilization of a so-called "starting aid".
  • Examples of high pressure discharge lamps employing a starting aid include U.S. Patent Nos. 4.445.073: 3.900.753 and 3,721,846 all assigned to the present Assignee.
  • U.S. Patent Nos. 4.445.073: 3.900.753 and 3,721,846 all assigned to the present Assignee.
  • it has been found that there are instances wherein the added starting capability provided by a starting aid is not sufficient to effect the desired starting of the lamp without also undesirably increasing the potential available from a potential source. Obviously, increasing potentials is not always feasible and is certainly undesirable.
  • the lowest starting voltage obtainable was about 1.3 KV without an electrode extension and a very low 950-volts when an extension was added to the electrode.
  • FIG. 6 of the article of van Vliet and Jacobs indicates a starting voltage in the range of 1.3 to 1.4 KV at a pressure of about 114 torr in an HPS lamp.
  • the article of Saito and Gion, FIG. 2 lower curve indicates a starting voltage of about 1.1 KV when a starting aid is employed in known high pressure sodium lamps.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an improved metal vapor lamp. Another object of the invention is to utilize a reduced potential source for starting a metal vapor lamp. A further object of the invention is to provide an improved metal vapor lamp and starting apparatus operable from a low voltage source. A still further object of the invention is to provide a metal vapor lamp connectable to a base member which includes a non-linear dielectric element and choke coil.
  • a metal vapor lamp and starting apparatus wherein the metal vapor lamp includes an outer envelope containing a gas-filled arc tube having a pair of spaced electrodes with a starting aid in the form of a wire helix wrapped about the arc tube intermediate the spaced electrodes and connectable to one of the electrodes, a ballast means coupling one and an electrical conductor coupling the other electrode of the arc tube to a base member with a non-linear dielectric element connected to the spaced electrodes shunting the arc tube.
  • a low wattage metal vapor lamp and starting appartus includes, in this example, a high pressure sodium lamp 5 formed for attachment to a base member 7.
  • the base member 7 is, in turn, configured to fit a socket (not shown) for connection to a low voltage source such as a 110-volt main line source, for example.
  • the high pressure sodium lamp 5 includes an outer glass envelope 9 having an indentation 11 at one end and a seal 13 with a usual glass stem member 15 at the opposite end.
  • a pair of electrically conductive leads 17 and 19 are sealed into and pass through the stem member 15.
  • a threaded metal member 21 is affixed to the outer glass envelope 9 and electrically connected to the conductive leads 17 and 19.
  • An alumina arc tube 23 has a pair of spaced electrodes 25 and 27 disposed at opposite ends thereof with each of the electrodes 25 and 27 affixed to a niobium tube 29 end 31 sealed into and passing through the ends of the arc tube 23.
  • a spring-like member 33 encircles the one niobium tube 29 and is telescoped over the indentation 11 of the outer glass envelope 9 to provide support and alignment at one end of the arc tube 23.
  • a support rod 35 is welded to the other niobium tube 31 at the opposite end of the arc tube 23 and to one of the pair of electrically conductive leads 19.
  • a relatively rigid support wire 37 is attached to the other one of the pair of electrically conductive leads 17 and to the niobium tube 29 whereat the spring-like member 33 is attached.
  • Shield members 39 and 41 encircle the ends of the arc tube 23 in the area of the electrodes 25 and 27.
  • a starting aid in the form of a wire helix 43 en-ircles the arc tube 23 between the spaced electrodes 25 and 27.
  • the wire helix 43 is formed to provide electrical connection to and disconnection from a bimetal switch member 45 which is electrically connected to one of the electrodes 27 by way of a conductor 47.
  • a non-linear dielectric element or non-linear capacitor 49 is preferably located within the threaded metal member 21 and is connected to the conductive leads 17 and 19 and shunted across the arc tube 23.
  • a base member 7 includes a socket member 51 having inner and outer metal threads, 53 and 55 respectively. for receiving the threaded metal member 21 and for attachment to an ordinary socket connected to a potential source. (not shown). Also, a ballast means in the form of a substantially circular-shaped choke coil 57 is attached to the socket member 51 and electrically connected thereto and connectable to an electrode 25 of the arc tube 23 by way of the threaded metal member 21, electrically conductive lead 17, support wire 37 and niobium tube 29 when the high pressure sodium lamp 5- is disposed within the base member 7.
  • an arc tube 59 has a pair of spaced electrodes 61 and 63.
  • the arc tube 59 is wrapped with a starting aid or wire helix 65 intermediate the spaced electrodes 61 and 63.
  • a bimetal switch 67 is positioned adjacent the starting aid 65.
  • An electrical conductor 69 connects one of the electrodes 61 and the bimetal switch 67 to one side 71 of a low voltage source (not shovn).
  • a ballast means or choke coil 7 3 connects the other electrode 63 to the other side 75 of the low voltage source.
  • a non-linear dielectric element 77 is connected to and shunted across the electrodes 61 and 63 of the arc tube 59.
  • a high pressure sodium lamp having an arc tube with a length of about 48 mm. an and length of about 2.3 mm and an internal diameter of about 4 mm was filled with quantities of mercury, sodium and Xenon at a pressure of about 30-torr.
  • This tube was connected to an arc pulse generator which provides the ignition voltage results indicated as curve A of FIG. 3.
  • ignition voltage ranges from about 1850-volts to about 1380-volts depending on the pulse width of the supplied potential.
  • a non-linear dielectric element or a non-linear capacitor such as one designated NLB 1250 manufactured and sold by TDK Corporation of Tokyo, Japan is capable of providing a peak voltage of about 520 peak volts with a half-height pulse width of about 100-usec.
  • NLB 1250 manufactured and sold by TDK Corporation of Tokyo, Japan is capable of providing a peak voltage of about 520 peak volts with a half-height pulse width of about 100-usec.
  • a low wattage high pressure sodium lamp which includes a starting aid and a non-linear dielectric element may be utilized with a simple choke coil to effect starting of the high pressure sodium lamp from a low voltage source such as a 120-volt line source for example.
  • the life cycle of a high pressure sodium lamp can be significantly extended because of the unique characteristics of the non-linear dielectric element.
  • the "end of life" of high pressure sodium lamps is characterized by a cycling phenomens wherein the lamp ignites for a period, goes out, cools down and restrikes again.
  • the reignition voltage of the lamp exceeds the available ballast voltage.
  • the high pressure sodium lamp is configured with a threaded metal member formed for insertion within the above-mentioned base member and adopted to include a non-linear dielectric element therein.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
EP85110617A 1984-08-24 1985-08-23 Metalldampflampe mit niedriger Zündspannung Withdrawn EP0175937A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US64394884A 1984-08-24 1984-08-24
US643948 1984-08-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0175937A2 true EP0175937A2 (de) 1986-04-02
EP0175937A3 EP0175937A3 (de) 1988-10-19

Family

ID=24582808

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85110617A Withdrawn EP0175937A3 (de) 1984-08-24 1985-08-23 Metalldampflampe mit niedriger Zündspannung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0175937A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS6164061A (de)
CA (1) CA1267188A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0306257A3 (en) * 1987-08-31 1990-12-19 Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd. Metal vapour discharge lamp
EP0245735B1 (de) * 1986-05-14 1993-02-10 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Hochdruckentladungslampe und Verfahren zum Betrieb der Hochdruckentladungslampe
GB2552738A (en) * 2016-06-14 2018-02-07 Plusrite Electric (China) Co Ltd High par maintenance type high-voltage sodium lamp with start-assisting switch

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4037129A (en) * 1976-03-10 1977-07-19 Gte Sylvania Incorporated High pressure sodium vapor lamp having low starting voltage
NL7610451A (nl) * 1976-09-21 1978-03-23 Philips Nv Ontladingslamp.
HU183312B (en) * 1981-02-06 1984-04-28 Egyesuelt Izzolampa Additional series arrangement for gas-discharge lamps, furthermore lighting unit with additional series arrangement and at least one high-pressure gas-discharge lamp
HU181323B (en) * 1981-05-08 1983-07-28 Egyesuelt Izzolampa High-frequency system of additional resistor for electric discharge lamp
US4445073A (en) * 1982-03-22 1984-04-24 Gte Products Corporation Intimate contact starting aid for arc lamps
JPS59138049A (ja) * 1983-01-25 1984-08-08 Iwasaki Electric Co Ltd 高圧金属蒸気放電灯

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0245735B1 (de) * 1986-05-14 1993-02-10 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Hochdruckentladungslampe und Verfahren zum Betrieb der Hochdruckentladungslampe
EP0306257A3 (en) * 1987-08-31 1990-12-19 Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd. Metal vapour discharge lamp
GB2552738A (en) * 2016-06-14 2018-02-07 Plusrite Electric (China) Co Ltd High par maintenance type high-voltage sodium lamp with start-assisting switch
GB2552738B (en) * 2016-06-14 2019-04-17 Plusrite Electric China Co Ltd High par maintenance type high-voltage sodium lamp with start-assisting switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1267188A (en) 1990-03-27
EP0175937A3 (de) 1988-10-19
JPS6164061A (ja) 1986-04-02

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Inventor name: WYNER, ELLIOT F.

Inventor name: SCHOLZ, JOHN A.