EP0175924A1 - Process for refining pig iron - Google Patents
Process for refining pig iron Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0175924A1 EP0175924A1 EP85110495A EP85110495A EP0175924A1 EP 0175924 A1 EP0175924 A1 EP 0175924A1 EP 85110495 A EP85110495 A EP 85110495A EP 85110495 A EP85110495 A EP 85110495A EP 0175924 A1 EP0175924 A1 EP 0175924A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pig iron
- content
- steel
- melt
- slag
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001341 Crude steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000161 steel melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
- C21C5/32—Blowing from above
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing steel with a low phosphorus content from pig iron with the usual phosphorus content, in which the pig iron in a metallurgical vessel, in particular a converter, in which a fresh gas consisting predominantly or completely of technically pure oxygen is blown onto the melt from above and an inert stirring gas, in particular blown into the melt from below, is simultaneously decarburized and dephosphorized in a single process step.
- From DE-OS 33 18 332 is a method for further reducing the p Phos horgehaltcs known by a entsili invokees pig iron filled in a converter and fresh oxygen together with a slag-forming agent from the top of the pig iron, and at the same time a gas from the group consisting of inert gas, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide or mixtures thereof are blown into the melt from below.
- This fresh process is aimed at a final phosphorus content of 0.010% by mass or less.
- the unstilled steel melt in the fresh vessel is after or shortly before the end of the usual fresh process, ie in the range of a carbon content of less than 0.4% and after extensive removal of the fresh slag with the aid of a conveying gas CaC0 3 and Na2CO] in a ratio of 1: 1 with an addition of fluorspar and / or iron oxide in an amount of up to 30% by mass in% of the carbonate mixture so deeply introduced into the melt that the total slag is mixed and then the steel with retention of the Treatment slag is tapped and finished in the pan in a manner known per se.
- phosphorus levels in the steel of less than 0.001% should be achievable.
- the steel in the converter is not or only insignificantly dephosphorized after decarburization and then at a temperature which essentially occurs after the carbon has been burned into a heated pan abqeqossen, in which then dephosphoric agents are blown in in a manner known per se.
- the invention is based, to reduce the usual phosphorus content of pig iron, which is usually up to 0.2% to 0.005 mass content in% or less, without additional effort during a single-stage combined blow molding process.
- this object is achieved according to the invention in that pig iron with a manganese content of less than 0.2 mass content in% is used and the refining to a final phosphorus content in the steel at the end of the blowing of 0.005 mass content in% or less is carried out.
- the manganese content of the pig iron used is generally about 0.4 to 0.8%, for example DE-Z "steel and iron" 104 (1984) No. 16, pp. 767 to 773.
- Figure 6 on p. 769 shows a manganese content of the pig iron used of approximately 0.50 to 0.60%.
- the final phosphorus content after freshening is between 0.020 and 0.010% depending on the converter size, as shown for example in Figures 4, 9 and 12 on pages 37 to 39.
- the invention is now based on the knowledge that when using pig iron with a manganese content of less than 0.2% final phosphorus content can be achieved after the refining of 0.005% and less. This is made possible without disadvantages which are inherent in the known processes.
- pig iron with a reduced manganese content can be achieved without difficulty and free of charge by using inexpensive ores with low manganese content in the blast furnace and by not having to reuse manganese-containing steel slags in the blast furnace furnace.
- the pig iron has a silicon content of 0.15 to 0.35 mass content in%, preferably less than 0.30 g masses ehalt in%, is used, a further advantage is obtained in terms of a reduction of the required K alkmenge, the 20 to 40 kg / t Crude steel when fresh can be. This also results in a reduction in the amount of slag produced.
- the lower amount of lime corresponds to the lower silicon content in the specified range.
- the pig iron with a low silicon and manganese content can then be blended immediately afterwards in a single blowing process without upstream dephosphorus and without slag changes to low carbon, sulfur and especially phosphorus contents.
- a metallurgical vessel in particular in a converter
- technically pure oxygen is blown onto the surface of the molten bath from above by means of a lance.
- an inert stirring gas is blown into the melt from below. This can be done continuously or temporarily from the start of oxygen inflation until the fresh steel is cut off.
- intermittent or intermittent blowing in of the stirring gas it is important to blow the gas in during the first and last third of the total treatment time.
- the invention is illustrated by the following examples.
- the percentages correspond to mass contents in%.
- a comparison of the results from the comparative example with the exemplary embodiments 1 and 2 according to the invention shows that when pig iron with manganese contents of less than 0.20% is used in the converter, the final phosphorus contents are reduced to 0.005% and less with approximately the same initial phosphorus contents can. There is no increased iron slagging or other process disadvantages. The amounts of lime used can also be further reduced if the Si content in pig iron is reduced, s. Example 2. This reduces the amount of slag. Another advantage over the comparative example is that the blowing process runs smoothly and the known ejection of slag and steel is largely eliminated.
- the process according to the invention is suitable for freshening pig iron low in phosphorus with an initial phosphorus content of up to 0.2%, preferably up to 0.15%.
- the lime is added in pieces (8 to 40 mm) at the beginning of the blowing process.
- the amount of lime added when carrying out the method according to the invention essentially depends on the silicon content and is not greater than when carrying out the generic method without the measures according to the invention.
- the final blowing temperature should not exceed 1650 ° C.
- no fluxing agents such as flux p at or alumina, are added to the slag.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Stahl mit niedrigem Phosphorgehalt aus Roheisen mit üblichem Phosphorgehalt, bei dem das Roheisen in einem metallurgischen Gefäß, insbesondere einem Konverter, bei dem ein überwiegend oder vollständig aus technisch reinem Sauerstoff bestehendes Frischgas von oben auf die Schmelze aufgeblasen und ein inertes Rührgas, insbesondere von unten in die Schmelze eingeblasen werden, in einem einzigen Verfahrensschritt gleichzeitig entkohlt und entphosphort wird.The invention relates to a method for producing steel with a low phosphorus content from pig iron with the usual phosphorus content, in which the pig iron in a metallurgical vessel, in particular a converter, in which a fresh gas consisting predominantly or completely of technically pure oxygen is blown onto the melt from above and an inert stirring gas, in particular blown into the melt from below, is simultaneously decarburized and dephosphorized in a single process step.
Es ist seit langem bekannt, daß Phosphor einen ungünstigen Einfluß auf die Eigenschaften von Stahl ausübt. Abgesehen von bestimmten Stahlgüten, in denen Phosphor als Legierungselement bewußt zugesetzt wird strebt man bei den meisten Stahlgüten einen niedrigen Phosphor-Endgehalt in der Größenordnung von etwa 0,010 bis 0,030% an. Mit dem eingangs genannten bekannten Blasverfahren sind derartige Phosphorgehalte einstellbar.It has long been known that phosphorus has an adverse effect on the properties of steel. Apart from certain steel grades, in which phosphorus is deliberately added as an alloying element, most steel grades are aimed at a low final phosphorus content in the order of about 0.010 to 0.030%. Such phosphorus contents can be set using the known blowing method mentioned at the beginning.
Aus der DE-OS 33 18 332 ist ein Verfahren zur weiteren Herabsetzung des Phosphorgehaltcs bekannt, indem ein entsiliziertes Roheisen in einen Konverter eingefüllt und Frischsauerstoff zusammen mit einem schlackenbildenden Mittel von oben auf das Roheisen und gleichzeitig ein Gas aus der Gruppe Inertgas, Stickstoff, Sauerstoff, Kohlenmonoxid, Kohlendioxid oder deren Mischungen von unten in die Schmelze eingeblasen werden. Bei diesem Frischverfahren wird ein Phosphorendgehalt von 0,010 Massengehalt in % und weniger angestrebt.From DE-OS 33 18 332 is a method for further reducing the p Phos horgehaltcs known by a entsiliziertes pig iron filled in a converter and fresh oxygen together with a slag-forming agent from the top of the pig iron, and at the same time a gas from the group consisting of inert gas, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide or mixtures thereof are blown into the melt from below. This fresh process is aimed at a final phosphorus content of 0.010% by mass or less.
Die Nachteile dieses Verfahrens liegen in einem großen Temperaturverlust der Schmelze, im Anfall zusätzlicher Schlackenmengen, die einer zusätzlichen Aufbereitung zugeführt werden müssen, und in erhöhten Eisenverlusten sowie einem größeren Verbrauch an Feuerfest-Material.The disadvantages of this method lie in a large loss of temperature in the melt, in the accumulation of additional quantities of slag which have to be fed to an additional treatment, and in increased iron losses and a greater consumption of refractory material.
Nach einem aus der DE-OS 28 42 563 bekannten Verfahren wird in die unberuhigte Stahlschmelze im Frischgefäß nach oder kurz vor Beendigung des üblichen Frischvorganges, d.h. im Bereich eines Kohlenstoffgehaltes von weniger als 0,4% und nach weitgehender Entfernung der Frischschlacke mit Hilfe eines Fördergases CaC03 und Na2CO] im Verhältnis 1 : 1 mit einem Zusatz von Flußspat und/oder Eisenoxid in einer Menge von jeweils bis zu 30 Massengehalt in % des Carbonatgemisches so tief in die Schmelze eingebracht, daß die Gesamtschlacke durchgemischt und anschließend der Stahl unter Zurückhaltung der Behandlungsschlacke abgestochen und in an sich bekannter Weise in der Pfanne fertig gemacht wird. Auf diese Weise sollen Phosphorgehalte im Stahl von weniger als 0,001% erreichbar sein.According to a process known from DE-OS 28 42 563, the unstilled steel melt in the fresh vessel is after or shortly before the end of the usual fresh process, ie in the range of a carbon content of less than 0.4% and after extensive removal of the fresh slag with the aid of a conveying gas CaC0 3 and Na2CO] in a ratio of 1: 1 with an addition of fluorspar and / or iron oxide in an amount of up to 30% by mass in% of the carbonate mixture so deeply introduced into the melt that the total slag is mixed and then the steel with retention of the Treatment slag is tapped and finished in the pan in a manner known per se. In this way, phosphorus levels in the steel of less than 0.001% should be achievable.
Bei einem weiteren aus der DE-OS 32 45 098 bekannten Verfahren wird der Stahl im Konverter nach der Entkohlung nicht oder nur in unerheblichem Umfang entphosphort und dann bei einer Temperatur, wie sie sich im wesentlichen nach der Verbrennung des Kohlenstoffes einstellt, in eine beheizbare Pfanne abqeqossen, in welche dann in'an sich bekannter Weise Entphosphorunqsmittel eingeblasen werden.In a further method known from DE-OS 32 45 098, the steel in the converter is not or only insignificantly dephosphorized after decarburization and then at a temperature which essentially occurs after the carbon has been burned into a heated pan abqeqossen, in which then dephosphoric agents are blown in in a manner known per se.
Die Nachteile dieser beiden bekannten Verfahren bestehen wiederum darin, daß zusätzliche Schlackenmengen anfallen, die durch aufwendige Verfahren aufbereitet oder zur Deponie gefahren werden müssen. Weiterhin ergeben sich ebenfalls hohe Temperaturverluste durch Zusatz von Schlackenbildnern, die den Zusatz von Schrott verhindern.The disadvantages of these two known processes are, in turn, that additional quantities of slag are obtained, which have to be processed by complex processes or have to be taken to the landfill. Furthermore, there are also high temperature losses due to the addition of slag formers, which prevent the addition of scrap.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, während eines einstufigen kombinierten Blasfrischverfahrens ohne zusätzlichen Aufwand den üblichen Phosphorgehalt von Roheisen, der in der Regel bis zu 0,2% beträgt auf 0,005 Massengehalt in % oder weniger abzusenken.The invention is based, to reduce the usual phosphorus content of pig iron, which is usually up to 0.2% to 0.005 mass content in% or less, without additional effort during a single-stage combined blow molding process.
Ausgehend von einem Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß Roheisen mit einem Mangangehalt von weniger als 0,2 Massengehalt in % eingesetzt und das Frischen bis zu einem Phosphor-Endgehalt im Stahl bei Blasende von 0,005 Massengehalt in % oder weniger durchgeführt wird.Starting from a method of the type described in the introduction, this object is achieved according to the invention in that pig iron with a manganese content of less than 0.2 mass content in% is used and the refining to a final phosphorus content in the steel at the end of the blowing of 0.005 mass content in% or less is carried out.
Bei den bekannten kombinierten Blasverfahren, bei denen Sauerstoff von oben und ein Rührgas von unten in die Schmelze eingeblasen werden, liegt der Mangangehalt des eingesetzten Roheisens im allgemeinen bei etwa 0,4 bis 0,8%, z.B. DE-Z "Stahl und Eisen" 104 (1984) Nr. 16, S. 767 bis 773. Aus Bild 6 auf S. 769 ergibt sich ein Mangangehalt des eingesetzten Roheisens von etwa 0,50 bis 0,60%. Der Phosphor-Endgehalt nach dem Frischen liegt je nach Konvertergröße zwischen 0,020 und 0,010%, wie z.B. die Bilder 4, 9 und 12 auf den S. 37 bis 39 zeigen. In der DE-Z "Stahl und Eisen" 103 (1983) Nr. 4, S. 163 bis 165 wird zu einem anderen kombinierten Blasverfahren ein mittlerer Manqangehalt des Roheisens von 0,29% als ein sehr niedriger Wert bezeichnet (S. 165, linke Sp., 1. Abs. und Bild 5). Die erzielten Phosphor-Endgehalt im Stahl können dieser Veröffentlichung nicht entnommen werden.In the known combined blowing processes in which oxygen is blown into the melt from above and a stirring gas from below, the manganese content of the pig iron used is generally about 0.4 to 0.8%, for example DE-Z "steel and iron" 104 (1984) No. 16, pp. 767 to 773. Figure 6 on p. 769 shows a manganese content of the pig iron used of approximately 0.50 to 0.60%. The final phosphorus content after freshening is between 0.020 and 0.010% depending on the converter size, as shown for example in Figures 4, 9 and 12 on pages 37 to 39. In DE-Z "Stahl und Eisen" 103 (1983) No. 4, pp. 163 to 165, for another combined blowing process, an average manqan content of pig iron of 0.29% is described as a very low value (p. 165, left column, 1st paragraph and picture 5). The final phosphorus content achieved in the steel cannot be found in this publication.
Der Erfindung liegt nun die Erkenntnis zugrunde, daß beim Einsatz eines Roheisens mit einem Mangangehalt von weniger als 0,2% Phosphor-Endgehalt nach dem Frischen von 0,005% und weniger erreicht werden können. Dies wird ermöglicht ohne daß Nachteile entstehen, die bekannten Verfahren anhaften.The invention is now based on the knowledge that when using pig iron with a manganese content of less than 0.2% final phosphorus content can be achieved after the refining of 0.005% and less. This is made possible without disadvantages which are inherent in the known processes.
In der Fachwelt herrschte bislang die Auffassung, daß Mangangehalte in der Größenordnung von 0,4 bis 0,8% im eingesetzten Roheisen erforderlich sind, um ein Blasverfahren durchführen zu können. Mit diesen Mangangehalten im Roheisen sollte verhindert werden, daß sich überhöhte Eisengehalte in der Schlacke bei Blasende von mehr als im Mittel 20% einstellen. Infolge des erfindungsgemäß im Roheisen auf 0,2 % begrenzten Mangangehalts läßt sich der zugesetzte Kalk jedoch überraschenderweise, durch eine frühzeitige Eisenoxidation begünstigt, aktivieren und damit die Phosphoroxidation aus der Schmelze beschleunigen und die gebildete Phos- phorsäure (P205) frühzeitig in der Schlacke stabil abbinden.So far, there has been a view in the professional world that manganese contents of the order of 0.4 to 0.8% are required in the pig iron used in order to be able to carry out a blowing process. With these manganese contents in pig iron, it should be prevented that excessive iron contents in the slag at the end of the blow exceed 20% on average. However, due to the present invention limited in the pig iron to 0.2% manganese content, the added lime can surprisingly favored by an early iron oxidation, enable, and thus accelerate the phosphorus oxidation of the melt and the phosphate formed p horsäure (P 2 0 5) at an early stage in bind the slag stably.
Der Einsatz von Roheisen mit abgesenktem Mangangehalt kann durch die Verwendung von kostengünstigen Erzen mit geringem Mangangehalt im Hochofen und durch den Verzicht des Wiedereinsatzes von manganhaltigen Stahlwerksschlacken im Hochofenmöller ohne Schwierigkeiten und ohne Kosten erreicht werden.The use of pig iron with a reduced manganese content can be achieved without difficulty and free of charge by using inexpensive ores with low manganese content in the blast furnace and by not having to reuse manganese-containing steel slags in the blast furnace furnace.
Als Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird es insbesondere angesehen, daß die niedrigen Phosphor-Endgehalte in einem einzigen Verfahrensschritt eingestellt werden können. Das heißt, daß man auf eine separate Vorentphosphorung verzichten kann.It is considered an advantage of the process according to the invention in particular that the low final phosphorus contents can be set in a single process step. This means that you can do without a separate pre-dephosphorization.
Wird das Roheisen nach einer bevorzugten Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit einem Siliziumgehalt von 0,15 bis 0,35 Massengehalt in %, vorzugsweise von weniger als 0,30 Massengehalt in %, eingesetzt, so ergibt sich ein weiterer Vorteil im Hinblick auf eine Verringerung der erforderlichen Kalkmenge, die 20 bis 40 kg/t Rohstahl beim Frischen betragen kann. Auch hierdurch ergibt sich eine Verringerung der anfallenden Schlackenmenge. Die geringere Kalkmenge entspricht dem niedrigeren Siliziumgehalt im angegebenen Bereich.According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the pig iron has a silicon content of 0.15 to 0.35 mass content in%, preferably less than 0.30 g masses ehalt in%, is used, a further advantage is obtained in terms of a reduction of the required K alkmenge, the 20 to 40 kg / t Crude steel when fresh can be. This also results in a reduction in the amount of slag produced. The lower amount of lime corresponds to the lower silicon content in the specified range.
Das Roheisen kann also mit niedrigem Silizium- und Mangangehalt, wie es aus dem Hochofenprozeß stammt, unmittelbar anschließend in einem einzigen Blasvorgang ohne vorgeschaltetes Entphosphorn und ohne Schlackenwechsel auf niedrige Kohlenstoff-, Schwefel- und insbesondere Phosphorgehalte gefrischt werden. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Frisch-Verfahren in einem metallurgischen Gefäß, insbesondere in einem Konverter, wird technisch reiner Sauerstoff mittels einer Lanze von oben auf die Schmelzbadoberfläche geblasen. Gleichzeitig wird ein inertes Rührgas von unten in die Schmelze eingeblasen. Das kann vom Beginn des Sauerstoff-Aufblasens an ständig oder zeitweise bis zum Abstechen des gefrischten Stahls erfolgen. Im Falle zeitweisen bzw. unterbrochenen Einblasens des Rührgases ist es wichtig, das Gas während der ersten und des letzten Drittels der gesamten Behandlungszeit einzublasen.The pig iron with a low silicon and manganese content, as it comes from the blast furnace process, can then be blended immediately afterwards in a single blowing process without upstream dephosphorus and without slag changes to low carbon, sulfur and especially phosphorus contents. In the fresh process according to the invention in a metallurgical vessel, in particular in a converter, technically pure oxygen is blown onto the surface of the molten bath from above by means of a lance. At the same time, an inert stirring gas is blown into the melt from below. This can be done continuously or temporarily from the start of oxygen inflation until the fresh steel is cut off. In the event of intermittent or intermittent blowing in of the stirring gas, it is important to blow the gas in during the first and last third of the total treatment time.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der folgenden Beispiele näher erläutert. Die Prozentangaben entsprechen Massengehalte in %.The invention is illustrated by the following examples. The percentages correspond to mass contents in%.
Bei diesem erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel wurden 330 t Roheisen mit einer Temperatur von 1344° C und einer Zusammensetzung von:
- 4,60 % C, 0,03 % P, 0,17 % Mn, 0,018 % S, 0,35 % Si, Rest Fe in einen Konverter zusammen mit 96 t Schrott eingesetzt. Als Frischgas wurde wieder technisch reiner Sauerstoff verwendet, der von oben auf die Roheisenschmelze aufgeblasen wurde. Die zugesetzte Kalkmenge betrug 51 kg/t Rohstahl.
- 4.60% C, 0.03% P, 0.17% Mn, 0.018% S, 0.35% Si, rest Fe used in a converter together with 96 t scrap. Technically pure oxygen was used again as fresh gas, which was blown onto the pig iron melt from above. The amount of lime added was 51 kg / t crude steel.
Von Beginn des Sauerstoff-Aufblasens an bis zum Abstich des fertigen Stahles wurde Argon als Rührgas in einer 3 Menge von im Mittel 0,03 Nm /t min von unten in die Roheisenschmelze eingeblasen. Die Blasendtemperatur betrug 1640°C. Eine bei Blasende genommene Probe hatte die nachfolgende Zusammensetzung:
Die Schlackenmenge belief sich auf 99 kg/t Rohstahl, bei einem Eisengehalt der Schlacke von Fe ges = 16,9%.The amount of slag was 99 kg / t crude steel, with an iron content of the slag of Fe g es = 16.9%.
Bei diesem weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel wurden 316 t Roheisen mit einer Temperatur von 1300°C und einer Zusammensetzung von:
in einen Konverter zusammen mit 95 t Schrott eingesetzt.In this further exemplary embodiment according to the invention, 316 t of pig iron with a temperature of 1300 ° C. and a composition of:
used in a converter together with 95 t scrap.
Als Frischgas wurde wieder technisch reiner Sauerstoff verwendet, der von oben auf die Roheisenschmelze aufgeblasen wurde. Die zugesetzte Kalkmenge betrug 31 kg/t Rohstahl.Technically pure oxygen was used again as fresh gas, which was blown onto the pig iron melt from above. The amount of lime added was 31 kg / t crude steel.
Von Beginn bis zum Ende des Sauerstoff-Aufblasens wurde Argon als Rührgas von unten in die Roheisenschmelze ein- geblasen, im Mittel 0,03 Nm/t.min. Die Temperatur der Schmelze bei Blasende betrua 1630°C. Eine bei Blasende genommene Probe hatte folgende Zusammensetzung:
Die Schlackenmenge belief sich auf 79 kg/t Rohstahl bei einem Eisengehalt der Schlacke Fe ges = 17,9 %.The amount of slag was 79 kg / t crude steel with an iron content of the slag Fe g es = 17.9%.
Bei diesem nicht unter die Erfindung fallenden Vergleichsbeispiel wurden 305 t Roheisen mit einer Temperatur von 1340°C und einer Zusammensetzung von:
in einen Konverter zusammen mit 105 t Schrott eingesetzt.In this comparative example not falling under the invention, 305 tons of pig iron with a temperature of 1340 ° C. and a composition of:
used in a converter together with 105 t scrap.
Als Frischgas wurde technisch reiner Sauerstoff verwendet, der von oben auf die Roheisenschmelze aufgeblasen wurde. Die zugesetzte Kalkmenge betrug 54 kg/t Rohstahl.Technically pure oxygen was used as the fresh gas, which was blown onto the pig iron melt from above. The amount of lime added was 54 kg / t crude steel.
Von Beginn des Sauerstoff-Aufblasens an bis zum Abstich des fertigen Stahles wurde Argon als Rührgas in einer Menge von 0,03 Nm3/t·min von unten in die Roheisenschmelze eingeblasen. Die Blasdauer betrug 18 min. Die Blasendtemperatur der Schmelze betrug 1625°C. Eine bei Blasende genommene Probe der Schmelze hatte die nachfolgende Zusammensetzung:
Die Schlackenmenge belief sich auf 111 kq/t Rohstahl bei einem Eisengehalt von Fe ges = 18,50%.The amount of slag was 111 kq / t crude steel with an iron content of Fe g es = 18.50%.
Eine Gegenüberstellung der Ergebnisse aus dem Vergleichsbeispiel mit den erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispielen 1 und 2 zeigt, daß bei Einsatz von Roheisen mit Mangangehalten von unter 0,20 % in den Konverter die' Phosphor-Endgehalte bei etwa gleichen Phosphor-Ausgangsgehalten auf 0,005% und weniger erniedrigt werden können. Eine erhöhte Eisenverschlackung oder sonstige Verfahrensnachteile treten dabei nicht auf. Die eingesetzten Kalkmengen können darüber hinaus bei Absenken des Si-Gehaltes im Roheisen weiter verringert werden, s. Beispiel 2. Dadurch verringert sich die anfallende Schlackenmenge. Ein weiterer Vorteil gegenüber dem Vergleichsbeispiel ist darin zu sehen, daß der Blasprozeß ruhig verläuft und der bekannte Auswurf von Schlacke und Stahl weitgehendst beseitigt ist.A comparison of the results from the comparative example with the exemplary embodiments 1 and 2 according to the invention shows that when pig iron with manganese contents of less than 0.20% is used in the converter, the final phosphorus contents are reduced to 0.005% and less with approximately the same initial phosphorus contents can. There is no increased iron slagging or other process disadvantages. The amounts of lime used can also be further reduced if the Si content in pig iron is reduced, s. Example 2. This reduces the amount of slag. Another advantage over the comparative example is that the blowing process runs smoothly and the known ejection of slag and steel is largely eliminated.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist geeignet zum Frischen von phosphorarmem Roheisen mit einem Anfangs-Phosphorgehalt von bis zu 0,2%, vorzugsweise bis zu 0,15%.The process according to the invention is suitable for freshening pig iron low in phosphorus with an initial phosphorus content of up to 0.2%, preferably up to 0.15%.
Der Kalk wird in stückiger Form (8 bis 40 mm) zu Beginn des Blasverfahrens zugesetzt. Die zugesetzte Kalkmenge bei Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens hängt im wesentlichen vom Siliziumgehalt ab und ist nicht größer-als bei Durchführung des gattungsgemäßen Verfahrens ohne die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen.The lime is added in pieces (8 to 40 mm) at the beginning of the blowing process. The amount of lime added when carrying out the method according to the invention essentially depends on the silicon content and is not greater than when carrying out the generic method without the measures according to the invention.
Die Blasendtemoeratur sollte höchstens 1650 °C betragen.The final blowing temperature should not exceed 1650 ° C.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden der Schlacke keine Flußmittel, wie Flußspat oder Tonerde, zugesetzt.In the process according to the invention, no fluxing agents, such as flux p at or alumina, are added to the slag.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT85110495T ATE39497T1 (en) | 1984-09-22 | 1985-08-21 | METHOD OF REFINING PIG IRON. |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3434894 | 1984-09-22 | ||
DE3434894A DE3434894C2 (en) | 1984-09-22 | 1984-09-22 | Process for refining pig iron |
CN85106853.7A CN1005276B (en) | 1984-09-22 | 1985-09-12 | method for refining molten metal |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0175924A1 true EP0175924A1 (en) | 1986-04-02 |
EP0175924B1 EP0175924B1 (en) | 1988-12-28 |
Family
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---|---|---|---|
EP85110495A Expired EP0175924B1 (en) | 1984-09-22 | 1985-08-21 | Process for refining pig iron |
Country Status (14)
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US (1) | US4604138A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0175924B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6179709A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1005276B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE39497T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU569412B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8504605A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1234989A (en) |
DE (2) | DE3434894C2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES8703936A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI77694C (en) |
IN (1) | IN163954B (en) |
MX (1) | MX164702B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA856561B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003085141A1 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2003-10-16 | Sms Demag Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for producing carbon steels or stainless steels by blowing high-phosphorus pig iron in an electric arc furnace or in a converter vessel |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3707696A1 (en) * | 1987-03-11 | 1988-09-22 | Thyssen Stahl Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING FERROMANGAN AFFINE |
DE3931024C1 (en) * | 1989-09-16 | 1991-05-16 | Krupp Stahl Ag, 4630 Bochum, De | Steel prodn. having low phosphor content - comprises single stage process using calcium oxide saturated residual stage from porous melt |
CN100351399C (en) * | 2001-02-07 | 2007-11-28 | 新日本制铁株式会社 | Method for pig iron melt dephosphorize |
CN101007340B (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2010-05-19 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Treatment method for reducing residual molten steel in continuous casting tundish |
JP5471151B2 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2014-04-16 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Converter steelmaking method |
JP2013133536A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-08 | Jfe Steel Corp | Method for producing molten steel |
CN113106321A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-13 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Production method of novel silicon-containing ultra-low carbon steel |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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LU66209A1 (en) * | 1971-10-01 | 1973-01-23 | ||
DE3318332A1 (en) * | 1982-05-28 | 1983-12-01 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., Osaka | METHOD FOR PRODUCING STEEL WITH ULTRA-LOW PHOSPHORUS CONTENT |
Family Cites Families (13)
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US3714042A (en) * | 1969-03-27 | 1973-01-30 | Lubrizol Corp | Treated overbased complexes |
US3813337A (en) * | 1971-03-18 | 1974-05-28 | Atlantic Richfield Co | Metal working lubricant composition |
US3929650A (en) * | 1974-03-22 | 1975-12-30 | Chevron Res | Extreme pressure agent and its preparation |
US4119549A (en) * | 1975-03-21 | 1978-10-10 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Sulfurized compositions |
US4116873A (en) * | 1975-06-09 | 1978-09-26 | Chevron Research Company | Lubricating oil composition containing Group I or Group II metal or lead sulfonates |
US4326972A (en) * | 1978-06-14 | 1982-04-27 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Concentrates, lubricant compositions and methods for improving fuel economy of internal combustion engine |
DE2842563A1 (en) * | 1978-09-27 | 1980-04-10 | Mannesmann Ag | Steel with exceptionally low phosphorus content - made by treating molten steel with mixt. of calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, ferric oxide, and fluorspar |
US4264458A (en) * | 1979-04-02 | 1981-04-28 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Metalworking lubricant composition |
US4334921A (en) * | 1979-04-16 | 1982-06-15 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Converter steelmaking process |
US4505830A (en) * | 1981-09-21 | 1985-03-19 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Metal working using lubricants containing basic alkali metal salts |
US4416788A (en) * | 1981-10-13 | 1983-11-22 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Metal cutting oil and method for using same |
DE3245098C2 (en) * | 1982-12-07 | 1990-06-21 | Klöckner-Werke AG, 4100 Duisburg | Two-stage process for the production of high-quality steels with extremely low P and S contents, which are pre-melted in the converter |
US4488903A (en) * | 1984-03-14 | 1984-12-18 | Union Carbide Corporation | Rapid decarburization steelmaking process |
-
1984
- 1984-09-22 DE DE3434894A patent/DE3434894C2/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-08-21 DE DE8585110495T patent/DE3567031D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-08-21 AT AT85110495T patent/ATE39497T1/en active
- 1985-08-21 EP EP85110495A patent/EP0175924B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-08-22 AU AU46540/85A patent/AU569412B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1985-08-28 ZA ZA856561A patent/ZA856561B/en unknown
- 1985-08-28 FI FI853294A patent/FI77694C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-09-04 ES ES546700A patent/ES8703936A1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-09-05 MX MX8889A patent/MX164702B/en unknown
- 1985-09-11 US US06/774,632 patent/US4604138A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-09-12 CN CN85106853.7A patent/CN1005276B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-09-13 JP JP60201953A patent/JPS6179709A/en active Granted
- 1985-09-16 IN IN655/CAL/85A patent/IN163954B/en unknown
- 1985-09-20 BR BR8504605A patent/BR8504605A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1985-09-20 CA CA000491216A patent/CA1234989A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
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LU66209A1 (en) * | 1971-10-01 | 1973-01-23 | ||
DE3318332A1 (en) * | 1982-05-28 | 1983-12-01 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd., Osaka | METHOD FOR PRODUCING STEEL WITH ULTRA-LOW PHOSPHORUS CONTENT |
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---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003085141A1 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2003-10-16 | Sms Demag Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for producing carbon steels or stainless steels by blowing high-phosphorus pig iron in an electric arc furnace or in a converter vessel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0175924B1 (en) | 1988-12-28 |
ES8703936A1 (en) | 1987-03-16 |
CA1234989A (en) | 1988-04-12 |
DE3434894A1 (en) | 1986-04-17 |
ZA856561B (en) | 1986-04-30 |
US4604138A (en) | 1986-08-05 |
BR8504605A (en) | 1986-07-15 |
CN1005276B (en) | 1989-09-27 |
JPH0136525B2 (en) | 1989-08-01 |
AU569412B2 (en) | 1988-01-28 |
FI77694B (en) | 1988-12-30 |
IN163954B (en) | 1988-12-17 |
ES546700A0 (en) | 1987-03-16 |
AU4654085A (en) | 1986-03-27 |
JPS6179709A (en) | 1986-04-23 |
FI853294L (en) | 1986-03-23 |
FI77694C (en) | 1989-04-10 |
ATE39497T1 (en) | 1989-01-15 |
FI853294A0 (en) | 1985-08-28 |
CN85106853A (en) | 1987-03-11 |
MX164702B (en) | 1992-09-18 |
DE3434894C2 (en) | 1986-09-18 |
DE3567031D1 (en) | 1989-02-02 |
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