EP0174197A2 - Echelons - Google Patents

Echelons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0174197A2
EP0174197A2 EP85306311A EP85306311A EP0174197A2 EP 0174197 A2 EP0174197 A2 EP 0174197A2 EP 85306311 A EP85306311 A EP 85306311A EP 85306311 A EP85306311 A EP 85306311A EP 0174197 A2 EP0174197 A2 EP 0174197A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tread
walls
pair
arms
projections
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85306311A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0174197A3 (fr
Inventor
Constantinos Mandis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0174197A2 publication Critical patent/EP0174197A2/fr
Publication of EP0174197A3 publication Critical patent/EP0174197A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C9/00—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes
    • E06C9/02—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes rigidly mounted
    • E06C9/04—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes rigidly mounted in the form of climbing irons or the like

Definitions

  • This invention is concerned with steps of the kind which are used inter alia in man holes to permit a person to climb either down into the man hole or up out of the man hole.
  • steps are presently normally comprise a steel tube or rod that has been bent into a "U"-shape and the ends of the arms are fixed into holes in the wall of the man hole. These holes are normally of greater cross-sectional area than the ends and cement is forced into the gaps about the ends. This process is often crude and adequate sealing is not effected so that leakage often takes place. Furthermore the steps tend to work loose and often cannot be properly replaced.
  • a step comprising a flat tread, a wall at one end of the tread, and projection means on the side of the wall remote from the tread, the projection means having a hollow outer part and being adapted to be fixed into a man-hole liner and to receive plug means which will cause the part to expand and to seal against the holes in the man-hole wall.
  • a sealant is preferably placeo between each the projection means and the wall of the hole.
  • the projection means are preferably comprised by a pair of projections preferably by a pair of tubes the ends of which are open.
  • the tread is preferably generally "U"-shaped in plan. It is preferably supported by gusset means preferably extending therefrom preferably to the abovementioned wall where that wall is provided.
  • the step preferably comprises a plastics material and is preferably nylon, preferably a high impact nylon.
  • the step 10 is a high impact nylon moulding and comprises a horizontal "U"-shaped tread 12 having a tread part 14 and a pair of arms 16 at the end of which are a pair of tubular projections 18 respectively.
  • the step is about 150 mm wide and 55mm deep.
  • the arms 16 are about 42mm wide and 75 mm long.
  • the upper surface 20 of the tread part 14 is roughened by having grooves formed therein to provide a good gripping surface.
  • the width of the walls 22 is slightly greater than that of the arms 16.
  • the outer surfaces 22a of these walls 22 lie on an arc as will be described below and they carry the projections 18.
  • the step 10 is generally frusto-triangular in side elevation leading from about 15mm at its outer narrow end 23 to about 70mm at the junction with the walls 22.
  • the sides 24 of the step form, as it were, reinforcing gussets which extend downwardly and terminate near the lower edges of the walls 22.
  • a groove 26, that is "U"-shape in plan, is formed in the undersurface 28 of the step 10 to reduce the material content thereof, the side walls on either side of the groove providing the necessary strength to the step.
  • the projections 18 are about 40mm in outside diameter and about 57mm in mean axial length i.e. about the same dimension as the thickness of the wall of the liner. They are parallel with one another and are substantially solid at their junction with the walls 22 with a central bore 30 terminating at the end face 32 of the groove 26. From about midway along their length, these projections 18 are hollow.
  • the step 10 is used as one of a vertical series of steps inserted into a circular section pipe-like man-hole liner 34.
  • inserts or core pieces are located at appropriate locations so that holes 36 are left which are adapted to receive the projections 18.
  • These projections 18 are inserted into the holes 36, preferably with a layer of water sealant being placed between the projections and the walls of the holes.
  • the plugs 38 are then hammered into each of the tubular ends or bores 30 of the projections causing them to expand slightly and consequently to be jammed into the holes 36 and forming a semi-permanent connection therein. Thereafter the liner 34 will be inserted into the anhole.
  • the arc of lie the outer surfaces 22a of the walls 22 has a radius that is the same as that of the liner 34 so that these surfaces 22a lie substantially flush therewith.
  • the plug 38a which is otherwise substantially identical with the pluq 38, has a end face 32 through the intermediary of a washer (not shown).
  • the step is identical to that described above.
  • the plugs 38a are p l iced in the open ends of the projections 18.
  • the bolt 42 engages the nut 40.
  • the plug 38a is drawn into the projection to expand it thereby jamming the walls of the projection against the sides of the holes 36.
  • steps abovementioned are extremely robust and are capable of carrying very heavy loadings. Further the connection between the projections 18 with the plugs therein and the liner is firm and secure. The steps also provide a solid purchase for the foot of a person climbing on to them. Because the steps comprise nylon they are substantially impervious to acid attack.
  • the groove may extend below the arms only or it may be omitted if desired.
  • the various dimensions of the steps may be varied.
  • the shape of the upper parts of the walls 22 can be changed.
  • the step need not be "U"-shaped.
  • the end faces of the projections may be arcuate to lie flush with the outer surface of the liner.
  • a suitably shaped (non-circular section) single projection may be provided.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
EP85306311A 1984-09-05 1985-09-05 Echelons Withdrawn EP0174197A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA846949 1984-09-05
ZA846949 1984-09-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0174197A2 true EP0174197A2 (fr) 1986-03-12
EP0174197A3 EP0174197A3 (fr) 1987-01-07

Family

ID=25577498

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85306311A Withdrawn EP0174197A3 (fr) 1984-09-05 1985-09-05 Echelons

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0174197A3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1914016A1 (fr) 2006-10-19 2008-04-23 Societa' Italiana Acetile e Derivati S.I.A.D. in abbreviated form SIAD S.p.A. Système de décontamination de nappe souterraine par l'injection in situ de gaz oxydant ou réducteur
US20180282978A1 (en) * 2017-03-31 2018-10-04 Predl Gmbh Manhole base liner and method for manufacturing a manhole base liner

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB470919A (en) * 1936-02-24 1937-08-24 Douglas Spooner Watsham Improvements in or relating to step irons
FR1472410A (fr) * 1965-04-23 1967-03-10 Dispositif à expansion, muni de moyens amovibles pour le contrôle de cette expansion, destiné en particulier à la fixation de plaques de revêtement
CH478353A (de) * 1968-11-11 1969-09-15 Wesenberg Olav Spannvorrichtung
US3703219A (en) * 1971-03-16 1972-11-21 Products Corp Const Manhole ladder step unit
FR2440461A1 (fr) * 1978-11-03 1980-05-30 Materiel Securite Urb Echelon de securite
GB2115868A (en) * 1981-08-19 1983-09-14 Rainer Clover Expanding-anchor step iron

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB470919A (en) * 1936-02-24 1937-08-24 Douglas Spooner Watsham Improvements in or relating to step irons
FR1472410A (fr) * 1965-04-23 1967-03-10 Dispositif à expansion, muni de moyens amovibles pour le contrôle de cette expansion, destiné en particulier à la fixation de plaques de revêtement
CH478353A (de) * 1968-11-11 1969-09-15 Wesenberg Olav Spannvorrichtung
US3703219A (en) * 1971-03-16 1972-11-21 Products Corp Const Manhole ladder step unit
FR2440461A1 (fr) * 1978-11-03 1980-05-30 Materiel Securite Urb Echelon de securite
GB2115868A (en) * 1981-08-19 1983-09-14 Rainer Clover Expanding-anchor step iron

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1914016A1 (fr) 2006-10-19 2008-04-23 Societa' Italiana Acetile e Derivati S.I.A.D. in abbreviated form SIAD S.p.A. Système de décontamination de nappe souterraine par l'injection in situ de gaz oxydant ou réducteur
US20180282978A1 (en) * 2017-03-31 2018-10-04 Predl Gmbh Manhole base liner and method for manufacturing a manhole base liner
US10273664B2 (en) * 2017-03-31 2019-04-30 Predl Gmbh Manhole base liner and method for manufacturing a manhole base liner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0174197A3 (fr) 1987-01-07

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